Chapter 1
The 300-Year History of the Maloratsky Family
(see also website www.maloratsky-300years.weebly.com)
Part 1
Generations 1-7 of the Maloratsky Family
1730 - 1930
Ideally, a person should know their ancestors before the seventh knee!
V. Dal "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian language, 1882":
"GENERATION... For a hundred years we consider three human generations".
Based on this, our pedigree ( "late painting " by V.Dal) for 300 years includes about 9 generations!
The chart below was prepared before 2012 on the basis of the data obtained earlier. The digits before each name indicate the corresponding to each generation. The first seven generations, according to early studies, looked like this:
Chapter 1
The 300-Year History of the Maloratsky Family
(see also website www.maloratsky-300years.weebly.com)
Part 1
Generations 1-7 of the Maloratsky Family
1730 - 1930
Ideally, a person should know their ancestors before the seventh knee!
V. Dal "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian language, 1882":
"GENERATION... For a hundred years we consider three human generations".
Based on this, our pedigree ( "late painting " by V.Dal) for 300 years includes about 9 generations!
The chart below was prepared before 2012 on the basis of the data obtained earlier. The digits before each name indicate the corresponding to each generation. The first seven generations, according to early studies, looked like this:
Further studies of the Maloratsky pedigree described in this chapter have made it possible to make significant adjustments to this chart. The final chart, completed in 2018, is presented below. Our direct ancestors are highlighted in yellow.
Contents of the 1st Part:
1. A brief history of the settlement of Jews in Europe in the 13th and 18th centuries.
2. 1-st - 3rd generations of Maloratsky 1730 - 1830
3. 4th - 5th generation of Maloratsky 1800 - 1870
4. 6-th - 7-th generation of Maloratsky 1870 - 1930
5. Malin - the birthplace of Maloratsky
6. Our ancestors in Radomysl
7. Kagansky family
8. Sagalov family
9. Kaganovsky family
10. Connection of the 6th and 7th generations
APPENDIX 1 Professional activities of our ancestors. Historical background (18th century - early 20th century)
APPENDIX 2 Five stories of the genus Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky
APPENDIX 3 Migration of our race, represented in this Pedigree
APPENDIX 4 The Jewish population of the places of residence of our ancestors
APPENDIX 5 The places of dispersion of our ancestors in the 18th century - the beginning of the 20th century
APPENDIX 6 GENERIC NEST OF OUR ANCESTORS (18-19th cc.)
APPENDIX 7 HISTORICAL DATA ON THE LABOR OF LITERATURE FOR 250 YEARS
APPENDIX 8 DETAILED CHRONOLOGY OF 1 - 6 GENERATIONS OF THE GENUS OF MALORATSKY 6 GENERIC NEST OF OUR ANCESTORS (18-19th cc.)
APPENDIX 9 Surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 10 The occupation of our ancestors before the revolution (1-oe - 6-oe generation)
APPENDIX 11 Generations of Leo Maloratsky's ancestors
1. A brief history of the settlement of Jews in Europe in the 13th and 18th centuries.
2. 1-st - 3rd generations of Maloratsky 1730 - 1830
3. 4th - 5th generation of Maloratsky 1800 - 1870
4. 6-th - 7-th generation of Maloratsky 1870 - 1930
5. Malin - the birthplace of Maloratsky
6. Our ancestors in Radomysl
7. Kagansky family
8. Sagalov family
9. Kaganovsky family
10. Connection of the 6th and 7th generations
APPENDIX 1 Professional activities of our ancestors. Historical background (18th century - early 20th century)
APPENDIX 2 Five stories of the genus Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky
APPENDIX 3 Migration of our race, represented in this Pedigree
APPENDIX 4 The Jewish population of the places of residence of our ancestors
APPENDIX 5 The places of dispersion of our ancestors in the 18th century - the beginning of the 20th century
APPENDIX 6 GENERIC NEST OF OUR ANCESTORS (18-19th cc.)
APPENDIX 7 HISTORICAL DATA ON THE LABOR OF LITERATURE FOR 250 YEARS
APPENDIX 8 DETAILED CHRONOLOGY OF 1 - 6 GENERATIONS OF THE GENUS OF MALORATSKY 6 GENERIC NEST OF OUR ANCESTORS (18-19th cc.)
APPENDIX 9 Surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 10 The occupation of our ancestors before the revolution (1-oe - 6-oe generation)
APPENDIX 11 Generations of Leo Maloratsky's ancestors
1. A brief history of the settlement of Jews in Europe in the 13th and 18th centuries
Our most ancient ancestor known from archival documents is Shlomo, whom we designated as the first generation (see the above diagram). Who was in our family before Shlomo, from the 13th century to the beginning of the 18th century? Below is a historical summary of the locations and migrations of the Jewish diaspora before Shlomo, from which some suppositions are made about our more ancient ancestors. Any search for our ancestors in the supposed territory of their residence must take into account historical events of the 13th-18th centuries. These events could have significantly affected the places of residence of the Jews.
Our ancestors in the 13-18 centuries.
Our ancestors in the 13-18 centuries.
A brief chronology of the movement of Jews:
13th c. The first small Jewish communities existed in Poland as early as the 13th century, after which Polish Jewish population increased significantly as Poland accepted Jews expelled from other European countries, including Germany (1346), Austria (1420), Spain (1492), Portugal (1497), France (1394), Kiev (1886), Moscow (1891), Hungary (1349-1526 and 1686-1740).
1264 In Poland, privileges were granted to Jews throughout the western part of the country. Privilege to Jews was given prince Boleslav Pious in the
city of Kalishe. It was the famous Kalish statute, which later formed the basis of all Polish legislation on Jews. Boleslaw's charter extended only
to his specific principality. Jews from other regions of Poland were under the rule of other princes, and these the privileges spread to them only in the next
century, in the reign of King Casimir the Great.
1290 After their expulsion from England, there were no Jews left there at all. 16,000 British Jews boarded the ships and left their cruel homeland forever. They went mainly to France. Jews were officially excluded from "ordinary" specialties and forced out of agriculture between 800-1700. In fact, they were not usually
allowed to own land. Such restrictions over those 900 years drove the Jews into cities, where they mastered more complex specialties in trade, accounting, finance and
investment. A widespread Christian ban on "usury" became the reason that Jews were increasingly engaged in finance and banking. Judging by historical
documents, in 1270 80% of Jews in Russioyne, southern France, were usurers.
1306 About one hundred thousand Jews were expelled from France (King Philip IV). In 1394, the King of France expelled the remaining Jews, completing a
thousand-year history of French Jewry. Most of the exiled Jews moved to the Germanic lands.
14 century, In mid-14th century Europe the plague epidemic broke out - the "Black Death" - which is believed to have halved the population
the middle of the Continent. Enlightened Europeans quickly figured out the sources of this disaster. However, instead of finally learning to wash, they blamed the spread
of the century of the terrible infection on the Jews. Everywhere whole communities of Jews started to be mercilessly exterminated. This took on the character of
an epidemic comparable to the plague. It engulfed the whole of Western Europe, and in Germany this "tornado" did not spare a single city with a Jewish population. More than 300 communities were destroyed. One could be saved only wherever you were not hunted: to the east was Poland, which had
become a kingdom only recently. Polish kings sought to revive the cities devastated by the Tatar-Mongols, - the largely peasant country lacked city-dwellers.
This is why borders became open to craftsmen and traders. Poland became the first country-refuge for the persecuted tribe. It was in Poland that the largest
Jewish community in the world was formed and remained so for several centuries.
1334 Casimir the Great led the Jews out of the jurisdiction of German law and from that point on Jewish communities were under the jurisdiction of Royal court.
After the decision of Casimir the Great to provide for security and interests of the Jews, the Polish Kingdom became the refuge of the Semitic people, expelled
from the rest of Europe. King Casimir III the Great was considered the patron of the Jews in Poland. Jews accepted in Poland as urban investors and movers
of trade. They also had great success in middle management positions due to the large demand for mathematical and logical skills.
Poland by that time was the most Jewish country in Europe.
14 century, Many Jews settled in Lithuania. The union of Poland with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Russia led to the fact that Lithuanian Jews in 1388 were given
the end of the equal rights with the Christian citizens, as in Poland. The establishment of the Polish-Lithuanian union in 1375 touched off an
century intensive formation of Jewish communities in Lithuania.
1400 The number of Jews in the Poland proper, outside of Russia, was at least 100 thousand people.
1492 Spanish king Ferdinand ordered his Jewish subjects "to accept Christianity or leave." Most of the three hundred thousand left the country. Some of the refugees crossed over to Portugal, from where they were expelled ten years later. Others found refuge in the Netherlands, Turkey (~ 100,000), North Africa
(~ 100,000), and Germany. The Jews who settled in Germany were persecuted and moved eastward to Poland. The rulers of Poland welcomed Jewish
refugees who, they hoped, would contribute to the development of the economy. Jews were guaranteed safety and freedom of religion. As a result, many
Jews settled in Poland, forming large and influential communities. At around the same time, 100 thousand Jews exiled from France moved to countries
around the Mediterranean Sea. Only a very small number of French Jews set their course from the south of the country to distant Germany. However,
most of the refugees from France settled in Alsace and Lorraine, in the border area between Germany and France.
1495 Grand Duke Alexander, king of Poland in 1501, expelled Jews from the Grand Princedom, and in 1503 allowed them to return.
1507 Sigizmund I confirmed the privileges granted by former kings. During his reign, wealthy Jews took on the collection of state taxes and duties, rented royal estates, making a considerable profit from them. Sigizmund August II expanded the rights of Jewish communities to self-
govern.
Until 1569 The Lithuanian state was multinational. Large territories of Kiev Rus were under Lithuanian rule.
July 1, 1569 Lublin Union - the alliance between Poland and Lithuania, resulted in the emergence of Rech Pospolitaia. Poland was the only European state tolerant of the Jews, becoming the home of one of the largest and dynamically developing Jewish communities. Jews in the Commonwealth occupied a special
social and economic niche. They lived in rural areas, but their occupation was typically urban: craft and trade. Jews often rented
estates of Polish and Russian gentry, because the gentry itself preferred not to farm. New terms emerged for the habitats of the Jews: "mestechko"
and "shtetl."
17 century,
the second half The Polish-Lithuanian union began to weaken due to military and religious conflicts (between Protestants and Catholic Counter-Reformation, as well as
between the Orthodox and Brest Union), traditional Polish tolerance disappeared. In general, starting in the second half of the 17th century, the situation
of Polish Jews deteriorated.
1648 Bogdan Khmelnitsky and his Tartar allies became lords of all Ukraine. About five hundred thousand Jews fell victim to their pogroms. At that time the
population of Poland was about 18 million, one and a half million Jews among them. Hence, every third Jew died. These monstrous losses occurred over
ten years, from 1648 to 1658. This genocide was organized by Bogdan Khmelnitsky, a Ukrainian getman, who led an uprising against the Polish rule.
Since many Jews had served the Polish aristocracy who owned land in the Ukraine, the wrath of Khmelnitsky turned on the Jews as well. Khmelnitsky
hated all Jews indiscriminately. It is believed that his Cossack brigades killed more than 100 thousand Jews (while the total Jewish population in those
territories was between 200 and 300 thousand). In other words, after Bogdan Khmelnitsky in such places as Radomysl, Malin, Fastov, Zaslav,
Korostishev, and Rzhishev there were practically no Jews left. In Ostrog, a city in Volhynia, the Cossacks killed six hundred Jews during their first raid.
The following year, when the Jews returned to the city and began rebuilding their homes, Cossacks attacked again and killed the remaining three
hundred people. Only three people survived.
The second half of 17th
– beginning of 18th century Rech Pospolitaya is in decline, and the Polish Jews with it. During the rein of Catherine II a multimillion mass of Jews ended up in Russia as a
result of the annexation of a larger part of Poland.
Map of the uprising led by Zheleznyak in 1768 (Koliivshchina)
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Gaidamatchina and kolyivshchina in 1702, 1715, 1734, 1740, 1750 and 1768. Gaidamatchina began in the middle of the 18th century. The very word "gaidamak" goes back to the Turkish “haydamak” - to attack. Between 50,000 and 60,000 Jews perished. In 1740 detachments of Gaidamaks ravaged Vinnitsa, Granov, Fastov, Uman, Radomysl, Letychiv, Moshny. In the summer of 1768, in the Radomysl region, the Gaidamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko operated, completely destroying Poles and Jews. In 1747 the Gaidamaks attacked Uman (this attack cost many Jews their lives), in 1750 they defeated the communities of Zvenigorodka (Cherkasy region), Tulchin, Vinnitsa, Letichev (Khmelnytsky region), Radomysl (Zhitomir region), Fastov, Chernobyl, Volodarka (all in the Kiev region) and other places. In April 1768, Zaporozhye cossack Maxim Zheleznyak, referring to the fact that Catherine II had allegedly sent him a "golden letter", in which she authorized him to take revenge on the Poles and Jews for belittling Orthodox Christianity, undertook a bloody campaign with his associates in the Ukraine (the so-called "Kolyivshchina" ). The Jews of Zhabotin, Lysyanka, Kanev, Korsun, Smely, Cherkassy (all in Cherkassky region), Boguslava, Tetiyeva (Kiev region), Tulchin, Lipovtsa, Pogrebishcha (Vinnitsky region) and other cities and villages were exterminated; in July 1768, the Gaidamaks and the division of centurion Ivan Gonta, who had gone over to their side, killed 14,000 Jews and six thousand Poles in Uman.
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After the hard times for the Jews of Gaidamatchina and Kolyivshina in Radomysl,
the following demographic situation took place:
Census of Jews in the Zhitomirsky volost, Kiev province for 1765:
Kagal Radomyslsky Radomysl 117 persons Census of Jews in the Zhitomirsky Volost, Kievsky Province for 1775: Kagal Radomyslsky Radomysl 20 households 90 persons Census of Jews in the Zhitomirsky Volost, Kievsky Province for 1778: Kagal Radomyslsky Radomyshl 18 households 93 persons Census of Jews in the Zhitomirsky Volost, Kyivsky Province for 1784: Kagal Radomyslsky Radomysl 42 households 140 persons |
2. 1st - 3rd generations of the Maloratsky family, 1730 - 1830
The search for our ancestors in the early 18th century must start in places where Jews could have survive after the terrible pogroms. According to some sources, it can be established that the Gaidamaks could not enter Ostrog*), where there were quite a lot of Jews at the time. Starting the 15th century, the Jewish community of Ostrog was one of the richest in Volhynia, and later in the entire Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Rabbi Shmuel Edels, known as Magarsha, the spiritual leader of Polish Jewry, Maharal's cousin from Prague, was the rabbi of the city at the time.
*) Ostrog, a city in the Ukraine, in the Rivne region. In the 14-16th centuries – a part of Lithuania, from 1569 - a part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (after the Lublin Union). Jews, apparently, settled in Ostrog in the first half of the 15th century. In the middle of the 17th century, Gaidamaks tried to organize a pogrom in Ostrog, but the Jews who lived in the city were protected by Tatars; See "Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron", pp.149-150:
"There is a tradition, supported in part by documents relating to the era of Gaidamatchina (1734-1768) about the attempt of the peasants of the nearest villages to organize a pogrom in Ostrog. The peasants hid weapons in carts; the guard, not suspecting anything, missed them. When they arrived at the marketplace, one Jew noticed a weapon. Jews appealed for help to local Tatars (Tatar street still exists in Ostrog), which for a monetary reward arrested the peasants.
By noon crowds of peasants of nearby villages began to flock to the city for robbery, but, having learned that the plan had been discovered, hastened to leave the city. For a long time, Ostrog Jews celebrated this day. A cycle of poems and psalms in commemoration of this day is still being read in a large synagogue." Comments: O. - Ostrog. The years of Gaidamatchina: 1702, 1715, 1734, 1740 and 1768.
On the eve of the second partition of Poland, in 1792, the Russian army approached Ostrog and, having occupied a suburb, began bombarding the city. Jews sought refuge in the old synagogue, whose strong walls withstood the Russian cannonballs. The legend says that bullets and grenades that got inside the synagogue through the windows, hung in the air, without causing harm. The commander of the Russian troops ordered the preparation of the 20 best cannons in order to storm the synagogue the next day, nistaken by him for a citadel. But the Jew Eliezer, having crossed the river Viliya, came to the Russian camp and informed them that the Polish troops had long been absent from the city, and at the same time pointed the Russians to a ford. Freed from death, the Jews decided to celebrate this day on par with Purim, which was later abandoned, however. At present, only the description of this event (זומת תליגמ) on day 7 of Tammuz (the day of deliverance) is read in the synagogues. One of the cannonballs that fell into the synagogue is still hanging suspended by chains inside it. http: // brockhaus-efron-jewish-
encyclopedia.ru/beje/slovnik/azbuka.htm The synagogue in Ostrog is estimated to be more than 600 years old! Like many synagogues in this region, the building had a defensive purpose - the thickness of the masonry reached 2.5 meters - about the same as the city wall surrounding Ostrog. The city suffered in the Russian-Polish war of 1792, during which Russian troops, upon mistaking the synagogue for a fortress, fired cannons at it for two days. However, none of the cannonballs that fell into the building exploded - the memory of this miracle is reflected in a special scroll (Megillat Tammuz), which was first read in 1793. |
The destroyed synagogue in Ostrog
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The "Census (Revizsky Tales) of the Ostrog Jews for 1795 is preserved " http://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/ostroh/:
Name Relationship Sex Age Birth Year Occupation Town 2 Shlyoma Abramovich head of household M 65 1730 inn-keeper Ostrog 3 Khaya wife of Shlomo Abramovich F 60 1735 Ostrog |
The population of Jews who owned Ostrog's houses in the 18th and 19th centuries:
1765 - 1777 1784 - 1123 1787 - 1829 1797 - 1624 1803 - 2161 1847 - 7300 1897 - 9208 |
At that time, the Jews did not yet have family names (the Jews began to receive surnames only in late 18th century and early 19th century). In the above fragment of the Census, Shlomo Abramovich calls attention (among the 3000 Jewish names in this "Census" the name Shlomo is rare), owner of an inn, born in 1730, and his wife Khaya, born in 1735, who could well have been the parents of our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich*), born in 1757, settled in the village**) Malaya Racha according to the 1795 register (Revizsky Skazki). At the end of the 18th century, as a consequence of the pogroms in the places where Jews settled the most, many of them fled to small villages where there were practically no Jews and which were overlooked by the pogroms. Such a refuge for our ancestors was the small village of Malaya Racha, where at that time several hundred people lived (see below). After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malaya Racha remained part of Poland and was under its authority until 1793. Then Malaya Racha was part of the Izyaslav province (1793-1795), part of the Volyn province (1795-1797), and in 1797 it became part of the Kiev province.
*) One of the circumstantial proofs of this is that, as it will be stated further, his eldest son Mordechai Schlomovich, according to the Jewish tradition, named Shloma. In addition, the second son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Moisha named his son Abramko in honor of his great-grandfather Abram (father of Shloma Abramovich).
The third son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Chaim called his son Abraham, who was born a daughter, who was given the name of Khaya in honor of great-great-grandmother Khaya (1735 born) (wife of Shloma Abramovich). However, in this version there is a non-docking: the date of birth of Shloma Morduchovich (1779), when Shloma Abramovich, according to the above census of 1795, was still alive (?). It is possible that Morduchaya's father was another full namesake of Schloma Abramovich. Or, less likely, the "census" entry was erroneous.
**) Historical information about Revizsky Skazki http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php
... "Skazki" in Russia in the XVII - beginning of the XIX century was the term for official records of testimonies of various persons. To impose the burden of maintaining the regular army on the taxation estates, Peter I, by decree of November 26, 1718, demanded "To take all the testimony from everyone (over the term of a year), to tell truthfully how many male soul one has and in which village, announcing to them that whoever hides, then it will be given to him who declares that. " Despite this threat, the figures turned out to be so incredibly understated that in 1721 the government appointed the strictest revision of Skazki. The name "revision" (revizsky) was preserved in subsequent population censuses of the tax-paying classes (mainly peasants and minor bourgeoise). The souls themselves were called "revizsky souls", their lists "revizsky skazki." The souls which during the audit were accidentally or intentionally missed, and therefore not noted down in the Skazki, were called "capital", and the Skazki submitted at the end of the audit - "additional Revizsky Skazki."
The revision made under Peter was the first one. Subsequent audits were held during the following periods: 2nd in 1744-1746; 3rd in 1762-1763; 4th in 1782; 5th in 1794-1795; 6th in 1811; 7th in the 1815-1816; 8th in 1833-1834; 9th in 1850; 10th in 1857-1858...
In 1795, when the census was carried out, Schloma Abramovich (born in 1730) was 65 years old and his wife Khaya 60 years old. Their children do not appear in this census because they lived elsewhere and, in particular, Mordechai Schlomovich (1757), who was 38 years old in 1795, lived in Malaya Racha.
*) One of the circumstantial proofs of this is that, as it will be stated further, his eldest son Mordechai Schlomovich, according to the Jewish tradition, named Shloma. In addition, the second son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Moisha named his son Abramko in honor of his great-grandfather Abram (father of Shloma Abramovich).
The third son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Chaim called his son Abraham, who was born a daughter, who was given the name of Khaya in honor of great-great-grandmother Khaya (1735 born) (wife of Shloma Abramovich). However, in this version there is a non-docking: the date of birth of Shloma Morduchovich (1779), when Shloma Abramovich, according to the above census of 1795, was still alive (?). It is possible that Morduchaya's father was another full namesake of Schloma Abramovich. Or, less likely, the "census" entry was erroneous.
**) Historical information about Revizsky Skazki http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php
... "Skazki" in Russia in the XVII - beginning of the XIX century was the term for official records of testimonies of various persons. To impose the burden of maintaining the regular army on the taxation estates, Peter I, by decree of November 26, 1718, demanded "To take all the testimony from everyone (over the term of a year), to tell truthfully how many male soul one has and in which village, announcing to them that whoever hides, then it will be given to him who declares that. " Despite this threat, the figures turned out to be so incredibly understated that in 1721 the government appointed the strictest revision of Skazki. The name "revision" (revizsky) was preserved in subsequent population censuses of the tax-paying classes (mainly peasants and minor bourgeoise). The souls themselves were called "revizsky souls", their lists "revizsky skazki." The souls which during the audit were accidentally or intentionally missed, and therefore not noted down in the Skazki, were called "capital", and the Skazki submitted at the end of the audit - "additional Revizsky Skazki."
The revision made under Peter was the first one. Subsequent audits were held during the following periods: 2nd in 1744-1746; 3rd in 1762-1763; 4th in 1782; 5th in 1794-1795; 6th in 1811; 7th in the 1815-1816; 8th in 1833-1834; 9th in 1850; 10th in 1857-1858...
In 1795, when the census was carried out, Schloma Abramovich (born in 1730) was 65 years old and his wife Khaya 60 years old. Their children do not appear in this census because they lived elsewhere and, in particular, Mordechai Schlomovich (1757), who was 38 years old in 1795, lived in Malaya Racha.
Reference:
Revizskie Skazki – documents reflecting the results of audits of the Russian Empire's tax-exempt population in the 18th c. – 1st half of the 19th, carried out for the purpose of the poll of the population. The Revizskie Skazki were the names of the population, which indicated the name, patronymic and surname (if any) of the owner of the court, his age, the name and patronymic of family members with the indication of age, the attitude to the head of the family and, in some cases, the occupation.
The audit of 1875 was made under the control of the Senate, the reception of fairy tales was entrusted to the town, lower Zemskie courts and State chambers. In between revisions the audit tales were clarified. There was a fixation of presence or absence of the person at the moment of the current account, and in case of absence the reason (has died, on a run, is removed, in soldiers, etc.) has been fixed. All the clarifications of the audit tales belonged to the following year, so each "audit soul" was considered to be in cash until the next audit, even in the case of death, which allowed the state on the one hand to increase the collection of per capita tax, and on the other Created conditions for abuse (this fact was reflected in the work of N. Gogol "Dead Souls"). The head of the family (the Senior Man) in fairy tales is usually named by name, patronymic and surname (later). The remaining members of the family ‑ by name and attitude to the eldest: son, brother, nephew, brother-in-law, daughter, wife, mother... Most of the Jews had no surnames at the beginning of the 19th. The Statute of the Jews of 1804 ordered: "... Every Jew must have, or accept, a known hereditary surname, or a call, which must already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the same name given by faith or at birth. " The implementation of this requirement lasted for years. In 1808, the Senate re-ordered "all Jews to accept... Necessarily a known surname or a call, if not yet fulfilled. "
Historical information about the Revizskie Skazki http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php
... "Revizskie Skazki " in Russia in the 17th century – the beginning of the 19th centuries, the official records of explanations or testimonies of different persons were called. In order to impose the burden of keeping the regular army on the yielding estates, Peter I by decree on November 26, 1718 demanded "to take the Revizskie Skazki of all (give a year), that truthful brought, how many people in whom the village of Souls male sex, announcing them that who hide, then given Will be the one who announces. " Despite this threat, the figures were so grossly underestimated that the government appointed the strictest revision of Revizskie Skazki in 1721. The name "revision" has remained on subsequent censuses of the population of the yielding estates (mainly peasants and townspeople). The souls themselves began to be called "Audit Souls", their lists "Revizskie Skazki ". Souls, during the audit accidentally or deliberately omitted, and therefore not inscribed in the fairy tale, got the name "capital", and the fairy tales, submitted at the end of the audit-"additional Souls, during the audit accidentally or deliberately omitted, and therefore not inscribed in the fairy tale, got the name "capital", and the fairy tales, submitted at the end of the audit-"additional audit tales."
Between 1719 and 1857, 10 audits were conducted. They all had a duration of several years. The "main year" is usually the year in which the largest number of people were considered. Interestingly, the first, second and sixth audits took into account only the "male soul", while the remainder included both men and women. The audit carried out at Petra was the first one. Subsequent audits took place in the following terms: 2nd in 1744 – 1746 ; 3rd in 1762 – 1763; 4th in 1782; 5th in 1794 – 1795; 6th in 1811; 7th in 1815 – 1816; 8th in 1833 – 1834; 9th in 1850; 10th in 1857 ‑ 1858..."
"Revizskie Skazki register of 1795"
Revizsky Skazki of the Jews of Radomyslsky, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky Kagal*), Khodorkovsky Kagal, Skvirsky Uyezd in 1795.
Kagal (verbatim community) in fact was a Jewish municipality and was not subordinate or accountable to local non-Jewish authorities. This structure regulated all aspects of life and work of community Jews: the right to live in one place or another, the right to engage in craft or trade, education, religious institutions such as a synagogue, the election of a rabbi of community officials, caring for the elderly, setting punishments for whoever broke the rules of Kagal, etc. Each Kagal established rules and regulations, which in the eyes of the community had not only functional but also religious significance. Thus, the violation of the rules was considered not only a public misdemeanor, but also a sin. In relation to the government or the state, Kagal served as a tax collector and represented the interests of the Jewish population. Kagal was elected annually by "voters" who were the richest members of the community. Some of them were included in Kagal itself. The number of members of Kagal varied depending on the size of the community.
In the 19th of the Russian Empire lived the predominant majority of the entire Jewish population. It was still held apart within the kagals, representing a kind of state in the state. Attempts of Nicholas I to cancel in 1844 the KAGAL system were unsuccessful. Although the name "Kagal" was destroyed, its system remained unchanged in the form of a Council of Jewish elders, which had its own management system, budget, court, and even its executioners.
Here are generations 1-3 of our ancestors (up to 1795) not yet having the surname Maloratsky:
In the 19th of the Russian Empire lived the predominant majority of the entire Jewish population. It was still held apart within the kagals, representing a kind of state in the state. Attempts of Nicholas I to cancel in 1844 the KAGAL system were unsuccessful. Although the name "Kagal" was destroyed, its system remained unchanged in the form of a Council of Jewish elders, which had its own management system, budget, court, and even its executioners.
Here are generations 1-3 of our ancestors (up to 1795) not yet having the surname Maloratsky:
Highlighted entry:
"In the village*) Malaya Racha Mordechai Shlomovich 38 (note: 38 - the age at the time of recording, hence the year of birth of 1757), rents the inn (in subsequent Skazki of 1816, 1753 would figure as the birth year of Mordechai Shlomovich);
His wife Genya 35 (note: year of birth of 1760)
They have sons Moshko 15 "(note: year of birth 1780) **)
(Continuation of Revizsky Skazki on the following page):
"In the village*) Malaya Racha Mordechai Shlomovich 38 (note: 38 - the age at the time of recording, hence the year of birth of 1757), rents the inn (in subsequent Skazki of 1816, 1753 would figure as the birth year of Mordechai Shlomovich);
His wife Genya 35 (note: year of birth of 1760)
They have sons Moshko 15 "(note: year of birth 1780) **)
(Continuation of Revizsky Skazki on the following page):
"His wife is Sura 14 (note: the year of birth 1779)
Chaim 4 (note: year of birth of Chaim, 1791, Khaim - brother of Moshko),
They have a son-in-law Shloma 15 (note: the year of Shloma's birth in 1780, Shloma is the son-in-law of Mordechai Shlomovich and Genya)
His wife Pesya 14 (note: the year of Pesi's birth in 1781, Pesya is Shloma's wife, daughter of Mordechai and Genya)
They have a daughter Hannah 2 (note: Chana's year of birth in 1793, Hannah is the daughter of Shloma and Pesya).
Chaim 4 (note: year of birth of Chaim, 1791, Khaim - brother of Moshko),
They have a son-in-law Shloma 15 (note: the year of Shloma's birth in 1780, Shloma is the son-in-law of Mordechai Shlomovich and Genya)
His wife Pesya 14 (note: the year of Pesi's birth in 1781, Pesya is Shloma's wife, daughter of Mordechai and Genya)
They have a daughter Hannah 2 (note: Chana's year of birth in 1793, Hannah is the daughter of Shloma and Pesya).
According to an archival document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) DAZHO 527-3-3. 1806 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%94%D0%90%D0%96%D0%9E_527-3-3._1806._%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2 %D1%96%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%94%D0%B2%D1 %80%D0%B5%D1%97%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C %D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83.pdf
What conclusions can be drawn from this document: In the city of Radomysl in 1806, the family of Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky (b. 1757) entered the class of philistines: his wife Genya (b. 1760), their children, son Moshko (b. 1780), wife Moshko Sura (b. 1781), son Chaim (b. 1791), daughter Pesya (b. 1781), husband of Pesya (son-in-law of Morduch) Shloma Shmulevich Korostyshevsky (b. 1780), daughter of Pesya and Shloma Khan (b. 1793). What these data show: 1. In 1806, the family of Morduch Shlomovich (wife Genya, son Moshko, wife Moshko Sura, son Khaim) moved from the village of Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky.
2. Daughter Pesya, her husband Shlomo and their daughter Khan for some reason (?) acquired the surname Korostyshevsky. 3. After some time, according to the Revision tales of Malin in 1815 (see below), Moshka was registered in Malin under the name Radomyslsky. 4. The eldest son of Morduch, Shloma, does not appear in these documents, since at that time he lived with his family in the village of Dubovik, Potievsky volost. In the future, we find him in the Revizsky tales of Malin in 1815 under the name Radomyslsky. 5. The document does not contain the youngest son of Morduch Avrum (b. 1795), who was 11 years old at the time of the census.
2. Daughter Pesya, her husband Shlomo and their daughter Khan for some reason (?) acquired the surname Korostyshevsky. 3. After some time, according to the Revision tales of Malin in 1815 (see below), Moshka was registered in Malin under the name Radomyslsky. 4. The eldest son of Morduch, Shloma, does not appear in these documents, since at that time he lived with his family in the village of Dubovik, Potievsky volost. In the future, we find him in the Revizsky tales of Malin in 1815 under the name Radomyslsky. 5. The document does not contain the youngest son of Morduch Avrum (b. 1795), who was 11 years old at the time of the census.
*) "selo/poselenie" ("село/поселение", rus.): it's wrong to call "Malaya Racha" mestecko (местечко, rus.)***), the status of mestecko was higher than that of a “selo”. Malaya Racha was never a mestecko. For example, in the Radomyslsky district mestecko’s were Brusilov, Korostyshev, Malin, Chernobyl. Even some rural centers, such as Vyshevichi, Kichkiri, Potievka, were selo’s. In the Russian Empire, Malaya Racha was called a "derevnya", i.e. a settlement where there was no church (Orthodox). The settlement that had a church was called a selo. Therefore, it would be more correct to call Malaya Racha "poselenie" (Volodymyr Molodiko). Perhaps this is a modern interpretation. In the above-mentioned "Revizskie Skazki of 1795" Malaya Racha is called a “selo”.
Mestechkos: Malin, Korostyshev, Brusilov (all of them mestechkos where our ancestors lived, Radomysl district of the Kieve province)
Derevnya: Velikaya Racha
Selo: Malaya Racha
**) The phrase "Jewish shtetl" appeared after the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1772, 1793 and 1795. without city rights. The Jews settled in shtetls - away from the arrogant burghers at the invitation of the pan who owned the shtetl. The township (myastechka - Belarusian, miasteczko - Polish, miestelis - lit., mistechko - Ukrainian, shtetl - Yiddish) was a historically developed type of urban settlement, numbering at least 500 inhabitants, whose main occupation was trade and craft that generated income about 50 thousand rubles. Jewish town: https://youtu.be/rFuWcszYQs0 https://arzamas.academy/materials/2109 (Jewish town guide)
**) Usually names were entered into metric books in a folksy form, distorting biblical and other common names and giving them sometimes pejorative, sometimes diminutive character, and parents demanded the recording of the diminutive name that was assigned to the child at home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka, and others replaced Moses, Sarah, and the like. Osip Rabinovich, in the article "About Moshki and Yoski" ("Odessa Herald", 1858), which was sensational at the time, pointed out that pejorative names came into use during the stay in Poland: to please the Polish lords, Jews allowed them to use those names sound tender from a mother or a beloved woman, but which flew from the lips of a lord like a contemptuous nickname (the Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron).
he town, the majority of whose inhabitants are Jews, is called shtetl in Yiddish. Shtetls appeared at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th century on lands belonging to large Polish-Lithuanian magnates, on the eastern outskirts of the Commonwealth, stretching from the Baltic Sea and almost to the Black Sea. The following territorial division was established https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ... %D0%B0.pdf (places where our ancestors lived): City: Radomysl Places: Malin, Korostyshev, Rzhishchev, Brusilov (Radomysl district, Kyiv province) Villages: Potievka, Staroseltsy, Modelev Villages: Malaya Racha, Dubovik
***) Usually, the names were entered in the registers of births in a common form, which distorted biblical and other commonly used names and gave them either a derogatory or affectionate character, and parents demanded that a diminutive name be entered, which was assigned to the child at home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka, and others replaced Moses, Sarah, etc. Osip Rabinovich, in the sensational article “On Moshki and Ioski” (“Odessky Vestnik”, 1858), pointed out that pejorative names were included in daily routine during your stay in Poland: in order to please the lords, the Jews allowed them to use those names that are pleasant on the lips of their mother or beloved woman, but which fell from the lips of the lord, like a contemptuous nickname (Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron). Among the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, which they call the baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - a folk name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. Thus, the common name Moshko replaced the holy name Moses. Moshko, is a derivative form of the name Moshe. It means "saved from the water" in Hebrew. This name belongs to the founder of Judaism, the legislator and prophet, who rallied the Israelite tribes into a single nation. Moses led the Jews out of Egypt. Led them through the desert for 40 years. Moshe means "stretched out" (from the water). (Shemot 2:10). In a deep sense, Moshe "pulled" the Jewish people out of slavery.
****) CHAIM - "life". This name first appears in the 12th century. - that was the name of one of the commentators of the Talmud. There is an opinion that this will be the name of Mashiach. Mordukh Shlomovich "rents a tavern" (see also Appendix 13 "History of our family" to Chapter 3, Part 5). Thus, the first "documented" in 1795, our ancestors of the 2nd generation were: Mordechai Shlomovich (b: 1753) (head of the family), Genya *) (b: 1760) (wife of Mordechai), Moshko (b: 1780) (son of Mordechai and Genya), Sura (b: 1781) (Moshko's wife), Chaim (b: 1791) (son of Mordechai and Genya), Pesya**) (b: 1781) (daughter of Mordechai and Genya), Shloma (b: 1780) (Pesya's husband), Khana***) (b: 1793) (daughter of Pesi and Shloma).
Two more sons of Mordechai and Genya: Shloma (b: 1779) and Avrum (b: 1795) (will appear in subsequent archival documents); here Shloma (son of Mordechai) is absent, since he already lived separately from his parents, and Avrum had not yet been born by the time of the census.
*) The name Genya is the Yiddish version of the name Khan. Hana means "pleasant", "beautiful". In the Tanakh, Hana is the mother of the prophet Shmuel.
**) Pesya is one of the forms of the name Basya.
***) In the Tanakh, Chana - the mother of the prophet Shmuel, is translated as "charm, attractiveness." This name is associated with the ability to pray wholeheartedly and make prayers. Chana in the Tanach prays to God, asking for the birth of a son; The Almighty listens to her prayer and sends her a son - the future prophet Shmuel. Hana - (in Hebrew חַנָּה from the word חֵן "mercy", "caress") in English sounds like Ann, in Spanish - Ana, in Russian Anna - Anyuta.
An example of how the status of a "mestechko" was appropriated: from the book "Urban settlements in the Russian Empire. 1861":
Mestechkos: Malin, Korostyshev, Brusilov (all of them mestechkos where our ancestors lived, Radomysl district of the Kieve province)
Derevnya: Velikaya Racha
Selo: Malaya Racha
**) The phrase "Jewish shtetl" appeared after the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1772, 1793 and 1795. without city rights. The Jews settled in shtetls - away from the arrogant burghers at the invitation of the pan who owned the shtetl. The township (myastechka - Belarusian, miasteczko - Polish, miestelis - lit., mistechko - Ukrainian, shtetl - Yiddish) was a historically developed type of urban settlement, numbering at least 500 inhabitants, whose main occupation was trade and craft that generated income about 50 thousand rubles. Jewish town: https://youtu.be/rFuWcszYQs0 https://arzamas.academy/materials/2109 (Jewish town guide)
**) Usually names were entered into metric books in a folksy form, distorting biblical and other common names and giving them sometimes pejorative, sometimes diminutive character, and parents demanded the recording of the diminutive name that was assigned to the child at home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka, and others replaced Moses, Sarah, and the like. Osip Rabinovich, in the article "About Moshki and Yoski" ("Odessa Herald", 1858), which was sensational at the time, pointed out that pejorative names came into use during the stay in Poland: to please the Polish lords, Jews allowed them to use those names sound tender from a mother or a beloved woman, but which flew from the lips of a lord like a contemptuous nickname (the Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron).
he town, the majority of whose inhabitants are Jews, is called shtetl in Yiddish. Shtetls appeared at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th century on lands belonging to large Polish-Lithuanian magnates, on the eastern outskirts of the Commonwealth, stretching from the Baltic Sea and almost to the Black Sea. The following territorial division was established https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ... %D0%B0.pdf (places where our ancestors lived): City: Radomysl Places: Malin, Korostyshev, Rzhishchev, Brusilov (Radomysl district, Kyiv province) Villages: Potievka, Staroseltsy, Modelev Villages: Malaya Racha, Dubovik
***) Usually, the names were entered in the registers of births in a common form, which distorted biblical and other commonly used names and gave them either a derogatory or affectionate character, and parents demanded that a diminutive name be entered, which was assigned to the child at home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka, and others replaced Moses, Sarah, etc. Osip Rabinovich, in the sensational article “On Moshki and Ioski” (“Odessky Vestnik”, 1858), pointed out that pejorative names were included in daily routine during your stay in Poland: in order to please the lords, the Jews allowed them to use those names that are pleasant on the lips of their mother or beloved woman, but which fell from the lips of the lord, like a contemptuous nickname (Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron). Among the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, which they call the baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - a folk name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. Thus, the common name Moshko replaced the holy name Moses. Moshko, is a derivative form of the name Moshe. It means "saved from the water" in Hebrew. This name belongs to the founder of Judaism, the legislator and prophet, who rallied the Israelite tribes into a single nation. Moses led the Jews out of Egypt. Led them through the desert for 40 years. Moshe means "stretched out" (from the water). (Shemot 2:10). In a deep sense, Moshe "pulled" the Jewish people out of slavery.
****) CHAIM - "life". This name first appears in the 12th century. - that was the name of one of the commentators of the Talmud. There is an opinion that this will be the name of Mashiach. Mordukh Shlomovich "rents a tavern" (see also Appendix 13 "History of our family" to Chapter 3, Part 5). Thus, the first "documented" in 1795, our ancestors of the 2nd generation were: Mordechai Shlomovich (b: 1753) (head of the family), Genya *) (b: 1760) (wife of Mordechai), Moshko (b: 1780) (son of Mordechai and Genya), Sura (b: 1781) (Moshko's wife), Chaim (b: 1791) (son of Mordechai and Genya), Pesya**) (b: 1781) (daughter of Mordechai and Genya), Shloma (b: 1780) (Pesya's husband), Khana***) (b: 1793) (daughter of Pesi and Shloma).
Two more sons of Mordechai and Genya: Shloma (b: 1779) and Avrum (b: 1795) (will appear in subsequent archival documents); here Shloma (son of Mordechai) is absent, since he already lived separately from his parents, and Avrum had not yet been born by the time of the census.
*) The name Genya is the Yiddish version of the name Khan. Hana means "pleasant", "beautiful". In the Tanakh, Hana is the mother of the prophet Shmuel.
**) Pesya is one of the forms of the name Basya.
***) In the Tanakh, Chana - the mother of the prophet Shmuel, is translated as "charm, attractiveness." This name is associated with the ability to pray wholeheartedly and make prayers. Chana in the Tanach prays to God, asking for the birth of a son; The Almighty listens to her prayer and sends her a son - the future prophet Shmuel. Hana - (in Hebrew חַנָּה from the word חֵן "mercy", "caress") in English sounds like Ann, in Spanish - Ana, in Russian Anna - Anyuta.
An example of how the status of a "mestechko" was appropriated: from the book "Urban settlements in the Russian Empire. 1861":
Transitions of Jews from one city or village to other places in Poland in the middle of the 18th century. were always free; the restriction of this right was made for the first time in 1764, and then only with the aim of the correct payment of the general tax by them. But if the transitions of the Jews were free, then their right to stay in all cities was never complete: from time immemorial they were forbidden to settle in some of the most important cities, and in relation to the South-Western Territory in its two main centers: Kiev and Kamenetz - Podolsky.A Jewish mestechko: https://youtu.be/rFuWcszYQs0
According to the Jewish tradition of naming a newborn after his deceased ancestor, Morduch Shlomovich named his son Avrum in honor of his grandfather Abram (father of Shloma Abramovich). Abraham - in the Bible the ancestor of the Jewish people (in a broader sense - the forefather of all believers in the true God), originally bore the name Abram (Abram, אַבְרָם), meaning "father is exalted." Subsequently, God commanded him to take on the name Abraham (Abraham, אַבְרָהָם), which is usually interpreted as a "father of nations" or "the father of multitudes". http://kurufin.ru/html/Translate/avraam.html
The names Avrum, Abraham, Abram, Abram, Abraham*) will be repeated in the Maloratsky Family Tree.
Traditions of the Jews related to the choice of names for newborns: the first-born was named after the paternal grandfather, the second boy – after the maternal grandfather,
the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl – after the maternal grandmother, the next – after the father's uncle / aunt, the next - in honor of the mother's uncle / aunt, etc.
As for the second son of Morduhai, Chaim, we do not know the name of Genya’s father (maternal grandfather). The following version is also possible:
In ancient times, when someone fell ill, he was temporarily called Chaim. This was done in order to deceive the Angel of Death. Sometimes this magic worked. So babies who were born stunted, sickly, began to be called Chaim. After all, the meaning of this name is "Life".
*) Абрахам (Аврум, Абрам) - это один из вариантов произношения еврейского библейского имени Авраам, которое означает «отец возвышен», «отец многих народов». Имя Абрам часто используют как уменьшительно-ласкательное обращение к более полным именам Абрахам, Эбрахам, которые также являются вариантами имени Авраам. Авраам – это родоначальник еврейского народа. Первоначально он носил имя Аврам (Абрам), но впоследствии Бог повелел ему взять имя Авраам (Абрахам).
The surnames of most Jews by the beginning of the 19th century. did not have at all. The Statute on the Jews of 1804 prescribed: “... every Jew must have, or take a well-known hereditary surname, or nickname, which should already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the addition to this name, given by faith or at birth." The implementation of this order dragged on for years. In 1808, the Senate re-ordered "all Jews to take ... by all means a well-known surname or nickname, if it has not yet been done somewhere." http://www.petergen.com/publ/chaeszkompl.shtml
The irregularity in registration largely depended on entries in the parish registers, which were made by state rabbis in Russian, little known to the masses, due to which errors and omissions crept in names and surnames, dates. State rabbis *) had nothing in common with the so-called "spiritual rabbis". One and the same person often wore one according to one document, and according to another another consonant or shifted into jargon.
*) The duties of the state rabbi included taking an oath from Jewish recruits, keeping a record of births, marriages and deaths, and delivering patriotic sermons in the synagogue on public holidays and the namesake of the emperor (most often in Russian). The government also assumed that the state rabbi would be the spiritual pastor of the community and would “supervise that the established rules were preserved in public worship and rites of faith; explain to the Jews their laws and resolve the perplexities encountered in them. But in reality, state rabbis, usually little versed in Judaism and imposed by the Russian government on the community that was forced to support them, as a rule, aroused the enmity or neglect of believers.
Корчма (rus.) was the center of public life, here the people converged for food and drink, for conversations and drinking with songs and music. Drinks were served - kvass, beer, honey. The drinking establishments were private. Later, strong drinks appeared. In the Polish корчмах, besides the sale of booze, the lodging was offered. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village корчма was not only a barmaid, but also a local merchant. "The landlord received income for the contents of the inn and so on. Much more significant than any other could give him, for a Jew is more outrank than others and his way of life does not require large expenditures. " http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
According to F.F. Chatsky, by 1807 the Jews who rented корчму, there were no less than 60,000 families.
In the tavern they met after hard work, learned the news, agreed on future deals, discussed the neighbors. The consumption of strong drinks was limited by the solvency of the visitor or the rules that were established by the rural society or the volost board. According to one contemporary, the "Jew-innkeeper" was the sovereign owner of the village, a sage, adviser and judge, to whom the whole village was indebted and without whose participation nothing happened. Another contemporary noted that the Jewish tavern keeper does not look down on the peasant, like a panorama.
The “muzhik”, in turn, is inseparable from the “kid”, since he spends all his leisure time and holidays in the tavern: “here he mourns and cries, rejoices at the penny he has earned.” The peasants found something to eat there: cheese, herring, cucumbers, and a gentry or a landowner could afford goose or fish.
"The rural occupations of the Jews were limited to renting in the names of mills, distilleries, taverns and taverns. There is almost no village where there would not be a Jewish tenant; their occupation by renting was so widespread that the censuses mix the concept of a tenant with the concept of a Jew and before that connect profession with nationality and religion, that, instead of the expression: there is no Jew in the village, they say: there is no tenant in the village. http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
In Poland until the 18th-19th centuries. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, ceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in t
In Poland, until the 18th -19th centuries, the main profession of the Jews was considered to be leaseholding and the the keeping of taverns. Leaseholding was characteristic of the economic life of Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement whereby a nobleman, for a fee, leased to a tenant for a certain period of time an estate or part of an estate. There emerged a certain type of small tenant who was satisfied with the keeping an inn or a tavern, usually in the countryside. A small liquor dealer - шинкарь could rent a village tavern or turn his house into it.
In Poland until the 18th-19th centuries. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, ceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in the countryside. A small liquor merchant - a tavern maker could rent a village tavern or turn his house into it. In the 16th - 18th centuries. The Commonwealth was an important grain exporter to European markets. The desire for enrichment in this field leads to the Polish gentry agrarian colonization of Ukrainian lands. This economic turnaround ensured the livelihood of a significant part of the Jewish population in the Commonwealth for centuries to come. Due to the entrepreneurial spirit of the Jews, Polish landowners usually gave them various leases on their farms, thereby rooting Jewry in the extra-urban socio-economic life in Eastern Europe.
One of the most common and important types of lease was the right to produce and sell alcoholic beverages made from grain. The processing of grain into vodka ensured a quick and profitable conversion of the product into money and was actively practiced by Polish landowners in the 16th-18th centuries. Jews were widely involved in the production and sale of vodka as tenants. It happened that this occupation covered a large part of the Jews of a certain area. So, in the 1750s, 55% of taxable Jews in Podolia were engaged in the alcohol trade. 1795, about 85% of the Jews in the countryside of Eastern Poland were associated with taverns. Rural occupations of the Jews were limited to renting mills, distilleries, taverns and taverns on estates (trade occupies second place in cities). There is almost no village where there would not be a Jewish tenant; thus, all the estates of the southwestern region during the census of 1764-1765. de facto in the hands of the Jews.
How the Jewish community of Eastern Europe was formed - the largest in the world before the Holocaust. The famous Jewish towns, where the bulk of the Jews lived in Poland, and then inherited by Russia, arose according to the following typical pattern. The Polish nobleman, who preferred to spend his time in Warsaw, Krakow or Paris, gave his lands and estates to the Jewish tenant to manage. He was joined by relatives, artisans, dealers, small traders and taverns. The tenant invited a rabbi, built a mikvah, a synagogue, founded a yeshiva - this is how a place appeared, a Jewish enclave in a Christian environment. This was also where the Jewish communities of Western European cities were revived after another massacre or expulsion, which rolled in bloody waves over the whole of Europe and its individual countries and cities over and over again, turning them into “Juden Frei” - it seemed that forever, but it turned out - only for a while . Thus, the instinct of a moth flying at a candle - the desire of ambitious Jews to become a financial agent of the ruler, may originally have come from self-interest, but wittingly or unwittingly became a mission. Power attracts rich and ambitious Jews like moths to a burning candle, and also burns them at close approach. http://www.moscow-jerusalem.ru/articles/evrej-zyuss-preduprezhdenie-300-letnej-davnosti/
Transitions of Jews from one city or village to other places in Poland in the middle of the 18th century. were always free; the restriction of this right was made for the first time in 1764, and then only with the aim of the correct payment of the general tax by them. But if the transitions of the Jews were free, then their right to stay in all cities was never complete: from time immemorial they were forbidden to settle in some of the most important cities, and in relation to the South-Western Territory in its two main centers: Kiev and Kamenetz - Podolsky.
The landlords and Cossack foremen were interested in the presence of Jews in Little Russia *) primarily because they themselves were simply too lazy to conduct business in their taverns and taverns. The Jews could not own real estate, and therefore willingly agreed to become something like hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. Thus, Ukrainian landowners hired Jews to conduct distillery and wine trade. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time.
Such conduct of business was extremely beneficial for the noble Little Russians: without doing anything, they received profit from the taverns, and they also paid them rent for the use of taverns and enterprises.
*) Little Russia is the old name of Ukraine.
Notes: Mordechai Shlomovich was born according to various sources in 1757 or in 1753 (most likely in 1753), but definitely not in 1731, as indicated in the very first Maloratsky diagram. The son of Shlomo Morduchovich - Haskel, born in 1804 For those who doubt the Hebrew name Dinah: "Dinah" - from "din" - "judgment". Dinah in the Torah is the daughter of YACOB and LEI (Genesis 30:21).
According to the Jewish tradition of naming a newborn after his deceased ancestor, Morduch Shlomovich named his son Avrum in honor of his grandfather Abram (father of Shloma Abramovich). Abraham - in the Bible the ancestor of the Jewish people (in a broader sense - the forefather of all believers in the true God), originally bore the name Abram (Abram, אַבְרָם), meaning "father is exalted." Subsequently, God commanded him to take on the name Abraham (Abraham, אַבְרָהָם), which is usually interpreted as a "father of nations" or "the father of multitudes". http://kurufin.ru/html/Translate/avraam.html
The names Avrum, Abraham, Abram, Abram, Abraham*) will be repeated in the Maloratsky Family Tree.
Traditions of the Jews related to the choice of names for newborns: the first-born was named after the paternal grandfather, the second boy – after the maternal grandfather,
the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl – after the maternal grandmother, the next – after the father's uncle / aunt, the next - in honor of the mother's uncle / aunt, etc.
As for the second son of Morduhai, Chaim, we do not know the name of Genya’s father (maternal grandfather). The following version is also possible:
In ancient times, when someone fell ill, he was temporarily called Chaim. This was done in order to deceive the Angel of Death. Sometimes this magic worked. So babies who were born stunted, sickly, began to be called Chaim. After all, the meaning of this name is "Life".
*) Абрахам (Аврум, Абрам) - это один из вариантов произношения еврейского библейского имени Авраам, которое означает «отец возвышен», «отец многих народов». Имя Абрам часто используют как уменьшительно-ласкательное обращение к более полным именам Абрахам, Эбрахам, которые также являются вариантами имени Авраам. Авраам – это родоначальник еврейского народа. Первоначально он носил имя Аврам (Абрам), но впоследствии Бог повелел ему взять имя Авраам (Абрахам).
The surnames of most Jews by the beginning of the 19th century. did not have at all. The Statute on the Jews of 1804 prescribed: “... every Jew must have, or take a well-known hereditary surname, or nickname, which should already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the addition to this name, given by faith or at birth." The implementation of this order dragged on for years. In 1808, the Senate re-ordered "all Jews to take ... by all means a well-known surname or nickname, if it has not yet been done somewhere." http://www.petergen.com/publ/chaeszkompl.shtml
The irregularity in registration largely depended on entries in the parish registers, which were made by state rabbis in Russian, little known to the masses, due to which errors and omissions crept in names and surnames, dates. State rabbis *) had nothing in common with the so-called "spiritual rabbis". One and the same person often wore one according to one document, and according to another another consonant or shifted into jargon.
*) The duties of the state rabbi included taking an oath from Jewish recruits, keeping a record of births, marriages and deaths, and delivering patriotic sermons in the synagogue on public holidays and the namesake of the emperor (most often in Russian). The government also assumed that the state rabbi would be the spiritual pastor of the community and would “supervise that the established rules were preserved in public worship and rites of faith; explain to the Jews their laws and resolve the perplexities encountered in them. But in reality, state rabbis, usually little versed in Judaism and imposed by the Russian government on the community that was forced to support them, as a rule, aroused the enmity or neglect of believers.
Корчма (rus.) was the center of public life, here the people converged for food and drink, for conversations and drinking with songs and music. Drinks were served - kvass, beer, honey. The drinking establishments were private. Later, strong drinks appeared. In the Polish корчмах, besides the sale of booze, the lodging was offered. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village корчма was not only a barmaid, but also a local merchant. "The landlord received income for the contents of the inn and so on. Much more significant than any other could give him, for a Jew is more outrank than others and his way of life does not require large expenditures. " http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
According to F.F. Chatsky, by 1807 the Jews who rented корчму, there were no less than 60,000 families.
In the tavern they met after hard work, learned the news, agreed on future deals, discussed the neighbors. The consumption of strong drinks was limited by the solvency of the visitor or the rules that were established by the rural society or the volost board. According to one contemporary, the "Jew-innkeeper" was the sovereign owner of the village, a sage, adviser and judge, to whom the whole village was indebted and without whose participation nothing happened. Another contemporary noted that the Jewish tavern keeper does not look down on the peasant, like a panorama.
The “muzhik”, in turn, is inseparable from the “kid”, since he spends all his leisure time and holidays in the tavern: “here he mourns and cries, rejoices at the penny he has earned.” The peasants found something to eat there: cheese, herring, cucumbers, and a gentry or a landowner could afford goose or fish.
"The rural occupations of the Jews were limited to renting in the names of mills, distilleries, taverns and taverns. There is almost no village where there would not be a Jewish tenant; their occupation by renting was so widespread that the censuses mix the concept of a tenant with the concept of a Jew and before that connect profession with nationality and religion, that, instead of the expression: there is no Jew in the village, they say: there is no tenant in the village. http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
In Poland until the 18th-19th centuries. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, ceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in t
In Poland, until the 18th -19th centuries, the main profession of the Jews was considered to be leaseholding and the the keeping of taverns. Leaseholding was characteristic of the economic life of Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement whereby a nobleman, for a fee, leased to a tenant for a certain period of time an estate or part of an estate. There emerged a certain type of small tenant who was satisfied with the keeping an inn or a tavern, usually in the countryside. A small liquor dealer - шинкарь could rent a village tavern or turn his house into it.
In Poland until the 18th-19th centuries. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, ceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in the countryside. A small liquor merchant - a tavern maker could rent a village tavern or turn his house into it. In the 16th - 18th centuries. The Commonwealth was an important grain exporter to European markets. The desire for enrichment in this field leads to the Polish gentry agrarian colonization of Ukrainian lands. This economic turnaround ensured the livelihood of a significant part of the Jewish population in the Commonwealth for centuries to come. Due to the entrepreneurial spirit of the Jews, Polish landowners usually gave them various leases on their farms, thereby rooting Jewry in the extra-urban socio-economic life in Eastern Europe.
One of the most common and important types of lease was the right to produce and sell alcoholic beverages made from grain. The processing of grain into vodka ensured a quick and profitable conversion of the product into money and was actively practiced by Polish landowners in the 16th-18th centuries. Jews were widely involved in the production and sale of vodka as tenants. It happened that this occupation covered a large part of the Jews of a certain area. So, in the 1750s, 55% of taxable Jews in Podolia were engaged in the alcohol trade. 1795, about 85% of the Jews in the countryside of Eastern Poland were associated with taverns. Rural occupations of the Jews were limited to renting mills, distilleries, taverns and taverns on estates (trade occupies second place in cities). There is almost no village where there would not be a Jewish tenant; thus, all the estates of the southwestern region during the census of 1764-1765. de facto in the hands of the Jews.
How the Jewish community of Eastern Europe was formed - the largest in the world before the Holocaust. The famous Jewish towns, where the bulk of the Jews lived in Poland, and then inherited by Russia, arose according to the following typical pattern. The Polish nobleman, who preferred to spend his time in Warsaw, Krakow or Paris, gave his lands and estates to the Jewish tenant to manage. He was joined by relatives, artisans, dealers, small traders and taverns. The tenant invited a rabbi, built a mikvah, a synagogue, founded a yeshiva - this is how a place appeared, a Jewish enclave in a Christian environment. This was also where the Jewish communities of Western European cities were revived after another massacre or expulsion, which rolled in bloody waves over the whole of Europe and its individual countries and cities over and over again, turning them into “Juden Frei” - it seemed that forever, but it turned out - only for a while . Thus, the instinct of a moth flying at a candle - the desire of ambitious Jews to become a financial agent of the ruler, may originally have come from self-interest, but wittingly or unwittingly became a mission. Power attracts rich and ambitious Jews like moths to a burning candle, and also burns them at close approach. http://www.moscow-jerusalem.ru/articles/evrej-zyuss-preduprezhdenie-300-letnej-davnosti/
Transitions of Jews from one city or village to other places in Poland in the middle of the 18th century. were always free; the restriction of this right was made for the first time in 1764, and then only with the aim of the correct payment of the general tax by them. But if the transitions of the Jews were free, then their right to stay in all cities was never complete: from time immemorial they were forbidden to settle in some of the most important cities, and in relation to the South-Western Territory in its two main centers: Kiev and Kamenetz - Podolsky.
The landlords and Cossack foremen were interested in the presence of Jews in Little Russia *) primarily because they themselves were simply too lazy to conduct business in their taverns and taverns. The Jews could not own real estate, and therefore willingly agreed to become something like hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. Thus, Ukrainian landowners hired Jews to conduct distillery and wine trade. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time.
Such conduct of business was extremely beneficial for the noble Little Russians: without doing anything, they received profit from the taverns, and they also paid them rent for the use of taverns and enterprises.
*) Little Russia is the old name of Ukraine.
Notes: Mordechai Shlomovich was born according to various sources in 1757 or in 1753 (most likely in 1753), but definitely not in 1731, as indicated in the very first Maloratsky diagram. The son of Shlomo Morduchovich - Haskel, born in 1804 For those who doubt the Hebrew name Dinah: "Dinah" - from "din" - "judgment". Dinah in the Torah is the daughter of YACOB and LEI (Genesis 30:21).
Taking into account the "Revizskie tales of 1795, 1834" found above, our ancestors of generations 1-4 are represented thus:
NOTES:
Mordechai Shlomovich was born on different sources in 1757 or in 1753, but certainly not in 1731, as it was indicated in the very first diagram of Maloratsky
Son of Shlomo Mordduvich - Haskel 1804, born
*) for doubters in the Jewish name Dina: "Dina" - from "din"-"court". Dina in the Torah is the daughter of Ya'akov and Leia (Bereshit 30:21).
Mordechai Shlomovich was born on different sources in 1757 or in 1753, but certainly not in 1731, as it was indicated in the very first diagram of Maloratsky
Son of Shlomo Mordduvich - Haskel 1804, born
*) for doubters in the Jewish name Dina: "Dina" - from "din"-"court". Dina in the Torah is the daughter of Ya'akov and Leia (Bereshit 30:21).
HISTORICAL PERIOD OF MALORATSKY GENERATIONS 1 - 4 18th century - the middle of the 19th century
JEWS IN THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE BEFORE THE END OF THE 18th.
The first mention of Jews on lands that are at the end of the 20th century. Within the state borders of Ukraine, belong to the first centuries BC. E. Jewish inscriptions in Greek from Panticapaeum (modern Kerch) were found. The most ancient of them researchers refer to the 4th century. BC. E. From the middle of the 7th century. A significant part of the Crimea fell under the power of the Turkic nomads of the Khazars. In the late 8 century. The ruler of Khazaria Ovadia and the supreme nobility of the state adopted Judaism. Already in 690 Khazaria received Jews from the Iranian provinces of the Baghdad Caliphate, who were threatened by a government army that pacified the rebellious Shiites, and in 723 - by Byzantine Jews who had fled from forced baptism, some scholars suggest the immigration of Jews to subordinates Khazars regions from Spain and the Frankish lands in the 8-10 centuries. Not later than the beginning of the 10th century. In Kiev there was a Jewish community. In the annals of Kievan Rus mention is made of the Zhidovsky Quarter and the Zhidovsky Gate in the capital of the principality. In addition to Kiev, Jews in the 12-13 centuries lived and in a number of other cities of Kievan Rus. In the Galicia-Volyn principality, for whose rulers religious tolerance was typical, Jews flocked not only from the east, but also from German lands, Bulgaria, Hungary. In Lvov, which in 1270 became the capital of an independent principality, a Jewish community also arose. In the 14-15 centuries, on the Ukrainian lands, which experienced a period of rapid economic growth, a large number of Ashkenazi resettled, primarily from the western regions of Poland, as well as from the German principalities (including Austria), Hungary, Bohemia, and Moravia; by the end of the 14th century, they accounted for the majority of the Jewish population of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia. In the 16th century, on the Ukrainian lands that were part of Poland and Lithuania (as a result of the Lublin Union of 1569 they formed a single state - Rzeczpospolita), some Sephardi families from the Ottoman Empire and Italy settled; the mass immigration of Ashkenazi from Central and Western Europe continued.
18 century
Since 1727, the life of the Jews of Russia (mostly Малороссия) - an endless series of prohibitive decrees, evictions and returns. And to return the Jews to the Empress (and in the second half of the 18th century, Russia turns out to be mostly in women's hands), it was primarily for economic reasons. In 1772 the first section of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place. Russia has returned to itself Belarus, and with it 100 thousand Jews. Under the following two sections of Rеch Pospolita, a large part of Polish Jewry (and the Jewish diaspora in Poland is the largest in the world) joined the subjects of the Russian Empire. The spheres of activity in which Polish Jews were engaged were a bit broader than the business areas where they were allowed in Russia. Most, of course, were tenants. Historians estimate that more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in rent, but they were engaged in small-scale handicraft production and trade. The main estate groups of the Jews of Poland were burghers and merchants. In 1778, a general Russian resolution was distributed to Byelorussia, according to which a new class structure of society was formed.
Those who owned the capital of up to 500 rubles, belonged to the estate class of the middle class. Those who had more than 500 rubles were the class of merchants. Merchants at the same time were divided into three guilds - also on the level of prosperity. Since few Jews owned Russia by the big Jews, practically all the new subjects of Catherine the Great fell into the middle class. And only a small part of the Jewish population had the opportunity to be considered merchants. The townspeople and merchants were not allowed to live in the villages. But it was in the villages flourished shinokarstvo and distilling, which gave the Jews of Малороссия and Belarus a livelihood.
And in general, so it was believed that the Jewish business flourished mainly in the villages, and not in the cities. Catherine II, all her life giving out rights to Jews, separated the Jews from the rest of Russia by a notorious feature - the Pale of Settlement. In 1793 the second division of Poland took place, this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Byelorussia, Podolia, Volyn and Polissya. In 1795 the third and last section of the Polish territories occurred, after which Russia acquired Kurland, the Piltensky District of Latvia and Lithuania. As a result of all the redistributions of the land, instead of 100,000 Jews, Russia received almost one million Jewish subjects. Among them are our ancestors, who do not yet have surnames and later become Maloratsky, Kagansky, Sagalov, Kaganovsky. The borders of the Pale of Settlement remained in thirteen western provinces. http://www.xliby.ru/istorija/evrei_v_rossii_samye_vlijatelnye_i_bogatye/p5.php
First half of the 19th century
"Regulations on the organization of the Jews of 1804". This document for the next 100 years defined the life of Jews in the Russian Empire. Since January 1, 1808, "no Jew in any village or village can contain any rent, tavern, tavern and inns ... and even live in them." The Jews obtained economic rights, which could not have been discussed before. The new legislation, together with the economic reforms that were taking place in the country, radically changed the picture of the professional employment of Jews in the Russian Empire. The Russian authorities turn Jews away from шинкарства and populate them with new undeveloped lands. Thus a new class of Jewish farmers appears, which was impossible to imagine earlier. The Statute of the Jews of 1835 strengthened the laws of the previous provision and added new ones. By that time, power in Russia was transferred to Emperor Nicholas I. According to the new provision, it was now possible to settle in the interior provinces only to merchants of the first guild. In 1827 a recruitment of young Jewish children was introduced into the schools of cantonists with the departure of 25 years of military service. The savage rules of recruitment became evidence of cruelty against Jews in Russia in the 19th century. This situation affected the families of our ancestors Maloratsky and Zaltsman directly. Families were taken away from very young children - from seven to nine years old, and they never saw more of these boys. They were converted to Christianity, and at home they read a memorial prayer.
The first mention of Jews on lands that are at the end of the 20th century. Within the state borders of Ukraine, belong to the first centuries BC. E. Jewish inscriptions in Greek from Panticapaeum (modern Kerch) were found. The most ancient of them researchers refer to the 4th century. BC. E. From the middle of the 7th century. A significant part of the Crimea fell under the power of the Turkic nomads of the Khazars. In the late 8 century. The ruler of Khazaria Ovadia and the supreme nobility of the state adopted Judaism. Already in 690 Khazaria received Jews from the Iranian provinces of the Baghdad Caliphate, who were threatened by a government army that pacified the rebellious Shiites, and in 723 - by Byzantine Jews who had fled from forced baptism, some scholars suggest the immigration of Jews to subordinates Khazars regions from Spain and the Frankish lands in the 8-10 centuries. Not later than the beginning of the 10th century. In Kiev there was a Jewish community. In the annals of Kievan Rus mention is made of the Zhidovsky Quarter and the Zhidovsky Gate in the capital of the principality. In addition to Kiev, Jews in the 12-13 centuries lived and in a number of other cities of Kievan Rus. In the Galicia-Volyn principality, for whose rulers religious tolerance was typical, Jews flocked not only from the east, but also from German lands, Bulgaria, Hungary. In Lvov, which in 1270 became the capital of an independent principality, a Jewish community also arose. In the 14-15 centuries, on the Ukrainian lands, which experienced a period of rapid economic growth, a large number of Ashkenazi resettled, primarily from the western regions of Poland, as well as from the German principalities (including Austria), Hungary, Bohemia, and Moravia; by the end of the 14th century, they accounted for the majority of the Jewish population of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia. In the 16th century, on the Ukrainian lands that were part of Poland and Lithuania (as a result of the Lublin Union of 1569 they formed a single state - Rzeczpospolita), some Sephardi families from the Ottoman Empire and Italy settled; the mass immigration of Ashkenazi from Central and Western Europe continued.
18 century
Since 1727, the life of the Jews of Russia (mostly Малороссия) - an endless series of prohibitive decrees, evictions and returns. And to return the Jews to the Empress (and in the second half of the 18th century, Russia turns out to be mostly in women's hands), it was primarily for economic reasons. In 1772 the first section of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place. Russia has returned to itself Belarus, and with it 100 thousand Jews. Under the following two sections of Rеch Pospolita, a large part of Polish Jewry (and the Jewish diaspora in Poland is the largest in the world) joined the subjects of the Russian Empire. The spheres of activity in which Polish Jews were engaged were a bit broader than the business areas where they were allowed in Russia. Most, of course, were tenants. Historians estimate that more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in rent, but they were engaged in small-scale handicraft production and trade. The main estate groups of the Jews of Poland were burghers and merchants. In 1778, a general Russian resolution was distributed to Byelorussia, according to which a new class structure of society was formed.
Those who owned the capital of up to 500 rubles, belonged to the estate class of the middle class. Those who had more than 500 rubles were the class of merchants. Merchants at the same time were divided into three guilds - also on the level of prosperity. Since few Jews owned Russia by the big Jews, practically all the new subjects of Catherine the Great fell into the middle class. And only a small part of the Jewish population had the opportunity to be considered merchants. The townspeople and merchants were not allowed to live in the villages. But it was in the villages flourished shinokarstvo and distilling, which gave the Jews of Малороссия and Belarus a livelihood.
And in general, so it was believed that the Jewish business flourished mainly in the villages, and not in the cities. Catherine II, all her life giving out rights to Jews, separated the Jews from the rest of Russia by a notorious feature - the Pale of Settlement. In 1793 the second division of Poland took place, this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Byelorussia, Podolia, Volyn and Polissya. In 1795 the third and last section of the Polish territories occurred, after which Russia acquired Kurland, the Piltensky District of Latvia and Lithuania. As a result of all the redistributions of the land, instead of 100,000 Jews, Russia received almost one million Jewish subjects. Among them are our ancestors, who do not yet have surnames and later become Maloratsky, Kagansky, Sagalov, Kaganovsky. The borders of the Pale of Settlement remained in thirteen western provinces. http://www.xliby.ru/istorija/evrei_v_rossii_samye_vlijatelnye_i_bogatye/p5.php
First half of the 19th century
"Regulations on the organization of the Jews of 1804". This document for the next 100 years defined the life of Jews in the Russian Empire. Since January 1, 1808, "no Jew in any village or village can contain any rent, tavern, tavern and inns ... and even live in them." The Jews obtained economic rights, which could not have been discussed before. The new legislation, together with the economic reforms that were taking place in the country, radically changed the picture of the professional employment of Jews in the Russian Empire. The Russian authorities turn Jews away from шинкарства and populate them with new undeveloped lands. Thus a new class of Jewish farmers appears, which was impossible to imagine earlier. The Statute of the Jews of 1835 strengthened the laws of the previous provision and added new ones. By that time, power in Russia was transferred to Emperor Nicholas I. According to the new provision, it was now possible to settle in the interior provinces only to merchants of the first guild. In 1827 a recruitment of young Jewish children was introduced into the schools of cantonists with the departure of 25 years of military service. The savage rules of recruitment became evidence of cruelty against Jews in Russia in the 19th century. This situation affected the families of our ancestors Maloratsky and Zaltsman directly. Families were taken away from very young children - from seven to nine years old, and they never saw more of these boys. They were converted to Christianity, and at home they read a memorial prayer.
At the end of the 18th century, in connection with the pogroms in the places where Jews were most populated, many of them fled to small villages, where there were practically no Jews and where no looters were declared. Such a refuge for our ancestors was the small village of Malaya Racha, where at that time several hundred people lived.
According to the archival documents, in the village of Malaya Racha, Radomysl District (from where the Maloratsky family originates), in 1765 the Jews numbered 7 souls, in 1773 - 4, in 1778 - 7, in 1784 - 6, in 1789 - 4, in 1791 - 8.
And these were our ancestors:
Among the seven souls in 1765 were Mordechai Shlomovich (8 years old), Genya (5 years old) (Mordechai's future wife, from which it can be concluded that, in addition to the Mordechai family, there was another Genya family among the 7 souls).
Among the 4 souls in 1773 were Mordechai Shlomovich (16 years old), Genya (13 years old).
Among the seven souls in 1778 were Mordechai Shlomovich (21), Genya (18 years old), who in 1778 or 1779 were married.
Among the 6 souls in 1784 were Mordechai Shlomovich (27 years old), Genya (24 years old), Moshko (their son) (4 years old), Pesya (3 years old) (daughter of Mordechai and Genya).
Among the 8 souls in 1791 were Mordechai Shlomovich (34 years old), Genya (31), Moshko (their son) (11 years old), Pesya (10 years old), Chaim (newborn) (second son of Mordechai and Genya).
Four years later, in 1795, the third son Avrum was born in the family of Mordechai and Genya. At this time Mordechai (38 years old) and his 15-year-old son Moshko rented a tavern in Malaya Racha (see details below). Obviously, the beginning of the lease of the tavern (корчма) by our ancestor took place before the second partition of Poland in 1793. Mordechai rented a tavern from the Polish landowner Verzhbitsky*), the owner of the village of Malaya Racha.
*) The brothers Roman and Emmanuel Verzhbitsky were among the richest landowners in the Radomysl district. They owned more than 10,000 acres of arable land and forests.
According to the archival documents, in the village of Malaya Racha, Radomysl District (from where the Maloratsky family originates), in 1765 the Jews numbered 7 souls, in 1773 - 4, in 1778 - 7, in 1784 - 6, in 1789 - 4, in 1791 - 8.
And these were our ancestors:
Among the seven souls in 1765 were Mordechai Shlomovich (8 years old), Genya (5 years old) (Mordechai's future wife, from which it can be concluded that, in addition to the Mordechai family, there was another Genya family among the 7 souls).
Among the 4 souls in 1773 were Mordechai Shlomovich (16 years old), Genya (13 years old).
Among the seven souls in 1778 were Mordechai Shlomovich (21), Genya (18 years old), who in 1778 or 1779 were married.
Among the 6 souls in 1784 were Mordechai Shlomovich (27 years old), Genya (24 years old), Moshko (their son) (4 years old), Pesya (3 years old) (daughter of Mordechai and Genya).
Among the 8 souls in 1791 were Mordechai Shlomovich (34 years old), Genya (31), Moshko (their son) (11 years old), Pesya (10 years old), Chaim (newborn) (second son of Mordechai and Genya).
Four years later, in 1795, the third son Avrum was born in the family of Mordechai and Genya. At this time Mordechai (38 years old) and his 15-year-old son Moshko rented a tavern in Malaya Racha (see details below). Obviously, the beginning of the lease of the tavern (корчма) by our ancestor took place before the second partition of Poland in 1793. Mordechai rented a tavern from the Polish landowner Verzhbitsky*), the owner of the village of Malaya Racha.
*) The brothers Roman and Emmanuel Verzhbitsky were among the richest landowners in the Radomysl district. They owned more than 10,000 acres of arable land and forests.
Refinements: According to the "Revizsky Tales of 1795" (found by Oleg Sagalov), Mordechai Shlomovich (while still uncalled), born in 1757, lived in Malaya Racha, he rented a tavern (корчма) there. So, most likely, in the very first diagram, the birth date of Mordechai (2nd generation) (born in 1731) is mistakenly indicated. In addition, from the same document found that Mordechai, in addition to the sons of Chaim and Avrum, had another son named Moshko and the daughter of Pesya, who had Shloma's husband.
As will be said in the future, Mordechai Shlomovich had the eldest son Shlomo, who lived not far from the Malaya Racha and therefore did not get into the audit tales of Malaya Racha. He inherited his name from his grandfather Shlomo (father of Mordechai).
If you adhere to version 2, then, probably, Mordechai, according to Jewish custom, named one of his sons Avrum, as the name of his deceased by that time grandfather - Abram.
As will be said in the future, Mordechai Shlomovich had the eldest son Shlomo, who lived not far from the Malaya Racha and therefore did not get into the audit tales of Malaya Racha. He inherited his name from his grandfather Shlomo (father of Mordechai).
If you adhere to version 2, then, probably, Mordechai, according to Jewish custom, named one of his sons Avrum, as the name of his deceased by that time grandfather - Abram.
The document presented here shows that in 1778 in Radomysl (as well as in Malaya Racha) the Jews had no names. This is a copy of the instructions on the appointment of quarterly (responsible) assistants to conduct a census in Radomysl in 1778.
Source: Regest and inscriptions: Collection of materials for the history of Jews in Russia: (80 - 1800). T. 1-. - St. Petersburg: Society. For distribution. Enlightenment. Between the Jews in Russia, 1899-1913. - 27. (1740 - 1799). - 1913. - VII, 369 s http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01003963165#?page=219 *) Most Jews of Eastern and Central Europe did not have hereditary surnames until the end of the 18th century. Nevertheless, the need to streamline the collection of taxes and recruitment services led to the fact that at the turn of the 18th century, and the 19th century. In Austria-Hungary, the Russian Empire and the German states, laws were passed that obliged the Jewish population of these countries to accept hereditary surnames. In the Russian Empire, the mandatoryity of hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special "Statute on the Jews", approved by the Imperial Naming Decree of December 9, 1804. Therefore, our ancestors of 1-3 generations (Shloma, Mordechai, Moshko, Chaim, Pesya, Avrum) are written down with indication only of their name and patronymic. Traditionally, Jews did not have names, they identified each other, calling, besides names, the names of fathers or other famous ancestors, a profession, nicknames. The desire of the authorities in order to better organize the registration of the family for Jewish families is understandable, especially since it was in the channel of similar processes that were going on at that time abroad. At the same time, in practice, the process of "profanation" was very slow and took more than half a century: in the administrative correspondence of the 1840 there are calls to the governors of the Pale of Settlement (черта оседлости) to ensure that the names are accepted by those Jews who do not yet have them, but in the rabbinic metric books until the 1870 some those entering into marriage are mentioned without names. |
The village of Malaya Racha,
where grow up Maloratsky
where grow up Maloratsky
Malaya Racha was a part of the Izyaslav district (губерния rus.) (1793-1795), the Volyn district (1795-1797), аnd in 1797 - in the Kiev district
The name MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement MАLaya RАcha.
Surnames in - SKY and -CKY arrived from Poland, or were received from the Polish landowner, the owner of the town. The owners of Malaya Racha were Polish landowners Verzhbitsky (Varvara, Kazemir, Karl, Roman, Maria) (Вержбицкий Wierzbicki (wierzba "willow"), Ukrainian and Belorussia - Verbitsky). Most of the surnames that end in -SKY, -CKY, are formed from geographical names. The ancestors of the family could own land in this locality or live in a village with the same name. Beautiful name was the landowner Malaya Racha - Verzhbitsky. Probably, the ancestor of this family lived in the village of Verzhbitsa. Probably, the ancestor of this family lived in the village of Verzhbitsa in Poland, south of Radom, there is a settlement Verzhbitsa (Polish Wierzbica), a settlement of Radom county and province. For their neighbors, the inhabitants, immigrants and immigrants from the village of Verzhbitsa were "Verzhbitskie". The ancestor of the name on the question of the place of his birth answered: "I am verzhbitsky." The geographic nickname turned into a hereditary name. Well, our ancestors, who left Malaya Racha, obviously said: "We are maloratskie" (from Malaya Racha).
On the site https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0 Devoted to the settlement of Malaya Racha, in Ukrainian there are adjectives: "малорацькие землевласникі"; "малорацький колгосп «Нове життя».
Surnames in - SKY and -CKY arrived from Poland, or were received from the Polish landowner, the owner of the town. The owners of Malaya Racha were Polish landowners Verzhbitsky (Varvara, Kazemir, Karl, Roman, Maria) (Вержбицкий Wierzbicki (wierzba "willow"), Ukrainian and Belorussia - Verbitsky). Most of the surnames that end in -SKY, -CKY, are formed from geographical names. The ancestors of the family could own land in this locality or live in a village with the same name. Beautiful name was the landowner Malaya Racha - Verzhbitsky. Probably, the ancestor of this family lived in the village of Verzhbitsa. Probably, the ancestor of this family lived in the village of Verzhbitsa in Poland, south of Radom, there is a settlement Verzhbitsa (Polish Wierzbica), a settlement of Radom county and province. For their neighbors, the inhabitants, immigrants and immigrants from the village of Verzhbitsa were "Verzhbitskie". The ancestor of the name on the question of the place of his birth answered: "I am verzhbitsky." The geographic nickname turned into a hereditary name. Well, our ancestors, who left Malaya Racha, obviously said: "We are maloratskie" (from Malaya Racha).
On the site https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0 Devoted to the settlement of Malaya Racha, in Ukrainian there are adjectives: "малорацькие землевласникі"; "малорацький колгосп «Нове життя».
Our historical researches together with Ilya Goldfarb showed that Maloratsky all over the world are relatives (see below) are the descendants of a single Jewish family who settled in Malaya Racha in those days (18th century), when the Jews did not yet have names.
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The enlarged topographic map of Malaya Racha in 1867 with the indication of the main objects important for life is given below:
Topographic map 1867. Graphics by Ilya Goldfarb
From: Bodya Classic: Good afternoon, I read an article about the Maloratsky family. I found out an interesting fact, the hut of my grandfather and great-grandfather stands in the place where you have a tavern that was rented from the Verzhbitskys. This street is known among the locals as Filonchakov Kutok *), that was the name of our family, is there any other information about that place?
*) kutok - synonyms: corner, nook Notes: Mordechai Shlomovich was born according to various sources in 1757 or in 1753 (most likely in 1753), but definitely not in 1731, as indicated in the very first Maloratsky diagram. The son of Shlomo Mordukhovich - Haskel, born in 1804 For those who doubt the Hebrew name Dinah: "Dinah" - from "din" - "judgment". Dinah in the Torah is the daughter of YACOB and LEI (Genesis 30:21).
In the documents of the Uniate Metropolitan for 1779, a малорацьке church brotherhood is mentioned at the Cathedral Radomysl Holy Trinity Church (the church is shown on the map). In Malaya Racha there was a mill with one millstone (shown on the map). The owner of the Malaya Racha landowner Roman Verzhbitsky in the village had two water mills. The map shows two cemeteries ("Кл"), one of which is Jewish, the second (left) Orthodox.
In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households (on the map you can see houses located along the main street).
Types of Malaya Racha https://www.olx.ua/obyavlenie/prodam-budinok-v-s-mala-racha-radomishlskogo-rayonu-IDxRbAe.html
From: Bodya Classic: Good afternoon, I read an article about the Maloratsky family. I found out an interesting fact, the hut of my grandfather and great-grandfather stands in the place where you have a tavern that was rented from the Verzhbitskys. This street is known among the locals as Filonchakov Kutok *), that was the name of our family, is there any other information about that place?
*) kutok - synonyms: corner, nook Notes: Mordechai Shlomovich was born according to various sources in 1757 or in 1753 (most likely in 1753), but definitely not in 1731, as indicated in the very first Maloratsky diagram. The son of Shlomo Mordukhovich - Haskel, born in 1804 For those who doubt the Hebrew name Dinah: "Dinah" - from "din" - "judgment". Dinah in the Torah is the daughter of YACOB and LEI (Genesis 30:21).
In the documents of the Uniate Metropolitan for 1779, a малорацьке church brotherhood is mentioned at the Cathedral Radomysl Holy Trinity Church (the church is shown on the map). In Malaya Racha there was a mill with one millstone (shown on the map). The owner of the Malaya Racha landowner Roman Verzhbitsky in the village had two water mills. The map shows two cemeteries ("Кл"), one of which is Jewish, the second (left) Orthodox.
In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households (on the map you can see houses located along the main street).
Types of Malaya Racha https://www.olx.ua/obyavlenie/prodam-budinok-v-s-mala-racha-radomishlskogo-rayonu-IDxRbAe.html
"Malaya Racha is a village in Ukraine, in the Radomysl district of the Zhitomir region. Located on the banks of the river Gluhovka left tributary of Teterev 6 km north-east of Radomysl, at the crossroads connecting Radomysl with Malin and Irshy. The river divides the village into two parts, the right bank of the Little River is called Zarechka. The name "Racha" comes from the word "Rache", i.e. the place where crayfish (раки) are found. The name of the village comes from the Rachogo bog (in it, according to the legend, there were many crayfish), which lay in antiquity between Malaya Racha and Zaboloto (see the top map). These places are swampy and to this day, there are peat bogs where local people have long extracted peat used for household fuel. Therefore, the name of Malaya Racha means that the settlement is located closer to the Rachogo marsh than the neighboring Great (i.e. distant) Racha. Small (Malaya) means closer. On the top map are two villages of Radomysl district Malaya Racha and Velikaya Racha. Identify their names with sizes inappropriate. In ancient times, these villages were the same in size. In the 17-18 centuries, according to the Polish constitutions, Malaya Racha was the property of the Uniate Church. " One of the family attractions of Malaya Racha shinok (pub) (see map, шинок, rus), which was discovered by our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich (see earlier). Shinok usually was before entering the settlement. "It was more profitable to equip it at the crossroads of three roads: Zabolotskaya, Malynska (towards Krasnoborka) and Chernobyl (direction to Velikaya Racha). It was met somewhere by the assertion that the shinki tried to dispose of the so-called (in Ukrainian)" biti shlyah "( "driven roads"), where a lot of people "interrupt". " (Volodymyr Molodiko).
According to the Revizsky Tales, in 1795, in the village of Malaya Racha, Mordechai Shlomovich, 38, and his son Moshko, 15 years "rent a tavern." In 1804, the document "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" was published*). The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In connection with this, the Third Jewish Committee **) recommended that the persecuting and evicting of the Jewish shinkarers and the rural tenants be stopped, and instead find a way to make them less profitable for the wine trade, so that they themselves would like to go to the city. Thus, shinkar business Mordechai Shlomovich and his son Moshko existed approximately from 1775 to 1810. In this regard, on the map of Malaya Racha, cited above, in 1867, the tire was no longer indicated. We pointed out the place where our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich and his son Moshko could work.
*) Below is one of the numerous documents of the time regulating this "eviction of Jews from rural areas".
**) The Third Jewish Committee was established by a personal imperial decree on January 5, 1809.
https://books.google.com/books?id=AkiaBQAAQBAJ&pg=PP151&lpg=PP151&dq=tird+Jewish + Committee&source=bl&ots=iSrz03J4Sy&sig
According to the Revizsky Tales, in 1795, in the village of Malaya Racha, Mordechai Shlomovich, 38, and his son Moshko, 15 years "rent a tavern." In 1804, the document "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" was published*). The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In connection with this, the Third Jewish Committee **) recommended that the persecuting and evicting of the Jewish shinkarers and the rural tenants be stopped, and instead find a way to make them less profitable for the wine trade, so that they themselves would like to go to the city. Thus, shinkar business Mordechai Shlomovich and his son Moshko existed approximately from 1775 to 1810. In this regard, on the map of Malaya Racha, cited above, in 1867, the tire was no longer indicated. We pointed out the place where our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich and his son Moshko could work.
*) Below is one of the numerous documents of the time regulating this "eviction of Jews from rural areas".
**) The Third Jewish Committee was established by a personal imperial decree on January 5, 1809.
https://books.google.com/books?id=AkiaBQAAQBAJ&pg=PP151&lpg=PP151&dq=tird+Jewish + Committee&source=bl&ots=iSrz03J4Sy&sig
Now let's try to restore the chronology of our ancestors of 1-3 generations, who lived in Malaya Racha:
1750 Presumably, in the family of Shloma Abramovich (b.1730), the owner of the inn in Ostrog and his wife Khaya
(b.1735), son of Mordechai Shlomovich.
1750 - 1760 End of the peak of the Gaidamatchina. The Jews of the only place - Ostrog, where they managed to survive this period,
became settle in other places.
1765 The family of Mordechai, who at that time was 8 years old, was in the village of Malaya Racha. They were among 7 Jews,
for the first time Settled in this village. Perhaps, all seven immigrants were members of the same family.
1773 Only 4 Jews lived in Malaya Racha; obviously, only our ancestors.
1778 The marriage of Mordechai and Genya.
1779 In the family of Mordechai and Genya born the son of Schlomo.
1778 In Malaya Racha lived 7 Jews, of which our ancestors Mordechai, Genya.
1780 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the son of Moshko is born.
1781 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the daughter of Pesya is born*).
1784 In Malaya Racha lived 6 Jews, of which our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya.
1789 In Malaya Racha lived 4 Jews, all of them - our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya.
1791 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the second son of Khaim is born.
1791 In Malaya Racha lived 8 Jews, of whom our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya, Chaim.
1793 Wedding of Moshko Mordechovich and Sura.
1795 In the family of Mordechai and Genia, the third son of Avrum is born. Perhaps Mordechai, according to Jewish custom, called son Avrum**), the name of the deceased by that time the grandfather of the newborn - Abram (Shloma's father). Mordechai (38 years old) and his 15-year-old son Moshko rented a tin in Mala Racha from the Polish landowner Verzhbitsky A.T. This time after the second partition of Poland in 1973, the territory of Malaya Racha
became Russian.
1795 Wedding of the daughter of Pesia (daughter of Morduch) and Shlomo.
1795 At Pesia and Shlomah, the daughter of Chana (Morduch's granddaughter) was born.
1804, 1807 Documents "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" and the Decree containing a relatively detailed. Plan of measures to expel Jews from villages and villages, 1808 (see the document below).
1810 The marriage of Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel.
1810 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel had a son Avrum.
1810 Tentatively, this year the Jews of Malaya Racha were relocated to Radomysl.
1814 (?) The marriage of Avrum Mordechovich and Ester Liba
1814 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel (?) Had a son Itsko.
1815 At the age of 57, Mordechai Shlomovich died.
1816 Finding our ancestors the name MALOLATSKY. In the "Revizsky Tales of 1816" Our ancestors appeared
Last name MALOLATSKY; Perhaps this event occurred between 1795 (in "Revizsky Tales of 1795" they have not yet
There were names) and 1816.
1816 At Avrum Khaimovich and Esther Liba the son Shmul was born.
1822 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel Maloratsky had a son Mordechai (named after his deceased grandfather Mordechai Shlomovich)
1826 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel had a son, Ginah.
1827 Decrees have been issued on the eviction of Jews from rural areas in the Grodno province and from Kiev for two years (according to for various reasons, the execution of the second decree was postponed until February 1835).
1831 Itsko Khaimovich Maloratsky was recruited at the age of 17 (see below).
1832 Khaim Mordechovich and Dina was the daughter of Feiga (from his second wife).
1833 At Avrum Khaimovich Maloratsky and his wife Esther Liba (b.1812) the daughter of Chai Tsivia was born.
1833 Death of Khaim Mordechovich Maloratsky.
1835 By this time, the resettlement of some Maloratsky families from Radomysl to Malin was included.
1840 The marriage of Mordecai Khaimovich and Rukhli Gershkovny (b.1822).
Note:
The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Maloratsky are underlined: Shloma Abramovich (b.1730) - Mordechai (1757-1815) - Khaim (1791-1833) - Mordechai (b.1822):
Shloma Abramovich, his wife Haya
... their son Mordechai Schlomovich
.... his son Khaim Morduhovich
..... his son Mordechai Khaimovich
*) Pesya (b.1781) gave birth to her daughter Chana in 1795 at the age of 14 years. Historical facts indicate that at that time, so-called early marriages were not uncommon, when the mother became 12-13 years old.
Note: The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Malaratsky are highlighted: Mordechai (1757-1815) - Khaim (1791-1833) - Mordechai (b.1822), etc.
**) Yiddish name Avrum - variants of biblical name Abraham. The Hebrew name Abraham has a truncated form of Abraham. Following the biblical tradition, Mordhai Shlomovich called his son the name of his deceased grandfather Abram (father Shlomo).
Thus, the period of our ancestors' stay in Malaya Racha from 1765 to about 1810, i.е. 45 years. In the second generation, for 26 years from 1765 to 1791, a very small increase (and sometimes a fall) in the number of Jews, including the Maloratskys, was observed in Malaya Racha, which is not typical of the usually large Jewish families of that time. This can be explained by their migration to other areas due to a number of historical events, including the pogroms committed by the Gaidamaks: in the summer of 1768, the Gaydamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko was acting in the Radomysl region, completely annihilating Poles and Jews.
1750 Presumably, in the family of Shloma Abramovich (b.1730), the owner of the inn in Ostrog and his wife Khaya
(b.1735), son of Mordechai Shlomovich.
1750 - 1760 End of the peak of the Gaidamatchina. The Jews of the only place - Ostrog, where they managed to survive this period,
became settle in other places.
1765 The family of Mordechai, who at that time was 8 years old, was in the village of Malaya Racha. They were among 7 Jews,
for the first time Settled in this village. Perhaps, all seven immigrants were members of the same family.
1773 Only 4 Jews lived in Malaya Racha; obviously, only our ancestors.
1778 The marriage of Mordechai and Genya.
1779 In the family of Mordechai and Genya born the son of Schlomo.
1778 In Malaya Racha lived 7 Jews, of which our ancestors Mordechai, Genya.
1780 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the son of Moshko is born.
1781 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the daughter of Pesya is born*).
1784 In Malaya Racha lived 6 Jews, of which our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya.
1789 In Malaya Racha lived 4 Jews, all of them - our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya.
1791 In the family of Mordechai and Genya, the second son of Khaim is born.
1791 In Malaya Racha lived 8 Jews, of whom our ancestors Mordechai, Genya, Moshko, Pesya, Chaim.
1793 Wedding of Moshko Mordechovich and Sura.
1795 In the family of Mordechai and Genia, the third son of Avrum is born. Perhaps Mordechai, according to Jewish custom, called son Avrum**), the name of the deceased by that time the grandfather of the newborn - Abram (Shloma's father). Mordechai (38 years old) and his 15-year-old son Moshko rented a tin in Mala Racha from the Polish landowner Verzhbitsky A.T. This time after the second partition of Poland in 1973, the territory of Malaya Racha
became Russian.
1795 Wedding of the daughter of Pesia (daughter of Morduch) and Shlomo.
1795 At Pesia and Shlomah, the daughter of Chana (Morduch's granddaughter) was born.
1804, 1807 Documents "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" and the Decree containing a relatively detailed. Plan of measures to expel Jews from villages and villages, 1808 (see the document below).
1810 The marriage of Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel.
1810 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel had a son Avrum.
1810 Tentatively, this year the Jews of Malaya Racha were relocated to Radomysl.
1814 (?) The marriage of Avrum Mordechovich and Ester Liba
1814 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel (?) Had a son Itsko.
1815 At the age of 57, Mordechai Shlomovich died.
1816 Finding our ancestors the name MALOLATSKY. In the "Revizsky Tales of 1816" Our ancestors appeared
Last name MALOLATSKY; Perhaps this event occurred between 1795 (in "Revizsky Tales of 1795" they have not yet
There were names) and 1816.
1816 At Avrum Khaimovich and Esther Liba the son Shmul was born.
1822 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel Maloratsky had a son Mordechai (named after his deceased grandfather Mordechai Shlomovich)
1826 Khaim Mordechovich and Shevel had a son, Ginah.
1827 Decrees have been issued on the eviction of Jews from rural areas in the Grodno province and from Kiev for two years (according to for various reasons, the execution of the second decree was postponed until February 1835).
1831 Itsko Khaimovich Maloratsky was recruited at the age of 17 (see below).
1832 Khaim Mordechovich and Dina was the daughter of Feiga (from his second wife).
1833 At Avrum Khaimovich Maloratsky and his wife Esther Liba (b.1812) the daughter of Chai Tsivia was born.
1833 Death of Khaim Mordechovich Maloratsky.
1835 By this time, the resettlement of some Maloratsky families from Radomysl to Malin was included.
1840 The marriage of Mordecai Khaimovich and Rukhli Gershkovny (b.1822).
Note:
The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Maloratsky are underlined: Shloma Abramovich (b.1730) - Mordechai (1757-1815) - Khaim (1791-1833) - Mordechai (b.1822):
Shloma Abramovich, his wife Haya
... their son Mordechai Schlomovich
.... his son Khaim Morduhovich
..... his son Mordechai Khaimovich
*) Pesya (b.1781) gave birth to her daughter Chana in 1795 at the age of 14 years. Historical facts indicate that at that time, so-called early marriages were not uncommon, when the mother became 12-13 years old.
Note: The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Malaratsky are highlighted: Mordechai (1757-1815) - Khaim (1791-1833) - Mordechai (b.1822), etc.
**) Yiddish name Avrum - variants of biblical name Abraham. The Hebrew name Abraham has a truncated form of Abraham. Following the biblical tradition, Mordhai Shlomovich called his son the name of his deceased grandfather Abram (father Shlomo).
Thus, the period of our ancestors' stay in Malaya Racha from 1765 to about 1810, i.е. 45 years. In the second generation, for 26 years from 1765 to 1791, a very small increase (and sometimes a fall) in the number of Jews, including the Maloratskys, was observed in Malaya Racha, which is not typical of the usually large Jewish families of that time. This can be explained by their migration to other areas due to a number of historical events, including the pogroms committed by the Gaidamaks: in the summer of 1768, the Gaydamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko was acting in the Radomysl region, completely annihilating Poles and Jews.
*) A document from 1808 regulating the said "eviction of Jews from rural areas" (https://pra.in.ua):
List of Jews of the Radomyslsky Povet in villages and villages living, renting shinki, taverns, inns and other establishments for selling wine related. The exponent in which year, who of them should move from the place of their stay in the city of Radomysl and other things of this city of the town.
January 16, 1808 was composed
January 16, 1808 was composed
Presumably, our ancestors from Malaya Racha were moved to the nearest town of Radomysl (8 km from Malaya Racha). The appearance of our ancestors in Malin could happen later.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2015/10/blog-post.html
Volodymyr Molodiko
From the history of the villages of Radomyslshchina. Malaya Racha is built on the roads leading from Radomysl to Malin and Irshi. This village is on the banks of the Gluhovka River, the left tributary of the Teterev, 6 km to the north-east of the district center. The river divides the village into two parts, the right bank of the Little River is called Zarechka. The first written references to Malaya Racha are found in the documents of the 16th century, when the village entered the possession of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. In 1618 the insurgent peasants from the villages belonging to Radomysl joined the Cossack detachments and attacked the estate of the tycoon O. Stribil. In Cossack times, Malaya Racha repeatedly became the object of robbery of Polish banners. In 1636, the village robbed the troops of the royal captain L.Olizar, who was brought to trial for this. Decades later, outrage against the Little Russians was performed by the gentile nobleman of the Crown S. Lashcha, inflicting losses on the village, valued at 100 zlotys. In the 17-18 centuries. According to the Polish constitution, Malaya Racha was the property of the Uniate Church. In the list of possessions selected from the Caves Monastery, the Bishop of the Uniate I. Shumlyansky under the royal privilege of 1682 included Malaya Racha, in which there was a mill with one millstone and 105 households. In the 18th century. Malaya Racha belonged to the metropolitan possessions of the Uniate Church, whose residence was in Radomysl. In the documents of the Uniate Metropolia, in 1779, a small church brotherhood was mentioned at the Cathedral Radomyslskaya Holy Trinity Church, whose pharmacists were R. Galchenko and G. Kirilenko ... During the Jewish colonization of the province in the second half of the 18th century, in Malaya Racha, a Jewish family settled, who kept a tavern in the village *). According to the census of Jews of the Zhitomir district of the Kiev province in 1765 there were 5 Jews in the Jews, in 1778 - 7, in 1791 - 8 (note: the data is not exact, see below). After the destruction in Radomysl of the Uniate Metropolitan Department by the royal decree of 1796, the estate of the Uniate Metropolitan, which included Malaya Racha, was donated to General A. Zlotnitsky. Later, part of the estate was acquired by the landlords Verzhbitskie ... The brothers Verzhbitsky, Roman and Emmanuel, owned land in Malaya Racha - 1,900 acres of land, while the peasants owned 70 acres. In the mid-19th century. In the village there were 400 inhabitants (of whom 202 were males), assigned to the Chudinsky Orthodox parish. In 1865, there were 509 inhabitants in Malaya Racha, which was part of the Kichkirivska Volost of the Radomyslsky district. As of 1887, there were 688 peasants living in Malaya Racha, 230 of them after the reform of 1861. They owned land with a total area of 900 dessiatines, paying for them 996 rubles, 11 kopecks. in year. The landowner Karl Verbitsky owned 2,041 dessiatines here, including 380 arable land, 1379 forests, and 282 creepers. Verzhbitsky gradually sold his land, and in the late 19th century. His land tenure was already 1751 dess. For example, the forest at one of the Zarichci sites in the direction of Zaboloto, he sold on timber, and sold the released soil to 12 peasants, were upset and settled down, forming there a farm called the Third Glukhov. In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households. There was a school of reading and writing, two smithies ... Among the 3151 dessiatines of the land, in Malaya Racha, 1251 dess. Belonged to the peasants, 1900 to the landowners .... At that time the village became the property of Roman Verzhbitsky, whom he called "a stupid gentleman" for his stark nature and oddities, but the old-timers simultaneously cited many examples of his fair and caring attitude towards his peasants. The landed estate was located on the site of a modern tractor mill and farm buildings. In the courtyard was a high hill piled high with an observation platform at the top, from where the landlord observed all his estates. He had two water mills in the village. As of 1913, Maria Kazimirovna Verzhbitskaya (270 dess.) Was among the small landowners, as well as the Radomysl Mayor Theodosius Grincevich. In 1914 a church was built in Malaya Racha in the name of John the Theologian, in which the Chudin priest Victor Goronovsky ruled. According to the stories of the old-timers, in January 1943, during fierce fighting, the church was destroyed by the fire of Soviet artillery, since it housed the firing position of the Hitlerites. In 1922 a village council was formed in the village. According to the 1926 census in Malaya Racha, with the village of Glukhov - third, as assigned to the village, there were 329 households with 1,293 inhabitants. The village had an elementary school. In 1930 a new building was built for her, and, after a while, the school became a seven-year (subsequently - eight-year) school. During the period of collectivization, two collective farms were established in Malaya Racha: "Molotov" and "New Life". In the hungry 1932-33 years. The small collective farm "New Life" was brought to the "blackboard". July 10, 1941 Malaya Racha was occupied by the Nazi invaders. Five inhabitants of the village during the occupation were tortured and shot by the occupants, 44 were taken to work in Germany. For the first time the village was liberated on November 10, 1943. However, as a result of the counteroffensive that the Nazi troops committed, on November 18 they again captured Malaya Racha. Heavy fights went under the village on December 8-20. Here the courage of the enemy 865th Regiment of the 271st Infantry Division, which fell into the encirclement and lost half its personnel, but held out and held positions. For the materials of the newspaper Zorya Polissya, 2 lipnya 1997 p.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/08/blog-post_68.html
Small means closer ... Now the names of two villages of the Radomysl district of Malaya Racha and Great Racha become more clear. Identify their names with sizes inappropriate. And only in the second half of the 20th century, since then the central farmstead of the kolkhoz was formed in the Great Racha, which combined three more neighboring villages, it began to develop more (from the point of view of Soviet socio-economic policy in the countryside). In ancient times these villages were the same. In the 19th century, for example, both Rachas were considered "villages" (that is, settlements where there were no churches), attributed to the Chudin Orthodox parish, belonged to different landed estates, had approximately the same number of inhabitants (400-450). But the name "Racha" comes from the word "Race", that is - the place where crayfish are found. So long was called a large swamp, which was between Malaya Racha and Zabolotye. Hence - Malaya Racha is a village located closer to the Bog, and the Great Racha - further. The newspaper "Zorya Polissya", 18 serpnya 1993.
Volodymyr Molodiko
From the history of the villages of Radomyslshchina. Malaya Racha is built on the roads leading from Radomysl to Malin and Irshi. This village is on the banks of the Gluhovka River, the left tributary of the Teterev, 6 km to the north-east of the district center. The river divides the village into two parts, the right bank of the Little River is called Zarechka. The first written references to Malaya Racha are found in the documents of the 16th century, when the village entered the possession of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. In 1618 the insurgent peasants from the villages belonging to Radomysl joined the Cossack detachments and attacked the estate of the tycoon O. Stribil. In Cossack times, Malaya Racha repeatedly became the object of robbery of Polish banners. In 1636, the village robbed the troops of the royal captain L.Olizar, who was brought to trial for this. Decades later, outrage against the Little Russians was performed by the gentile nobleman of the Crown S. Lashcha, inflicting losses on the village, valued at 100 zlotys. In the 17-18 centuries. According to the Polish constitution, Malaya Racha was the property of the Uniate Church. In the list of possessions selected from the Caves Monastery, the Bishop of the Uniate I. Shumlyansky under the royal privilege of 1682 included Malaya Racha, in which there was a mill with one millstone and 105 households. In the 18th century. Malaya Racha belonged to the metropolitan possessions of the Uniate Church, whose residence was in Radomysl. In the documents of the Uniate Metropolia, in 1779, a small church brotherhood was mentioned at the Cathedral Radomyslskaya Holy Trinity Church, whose pharmacists were R. Galchenko and G. Kirilenko ... During the Jewish colonization of the province in the second half of the 18th century, in Malaya Racha, a Jewish family settled, who kept a tavern in the village *). According to the census of Jews of the Zhitomir district of the Kiev province in 1765 there were 5 Jews in the Jews, in 1778 - 7, in 1791 - 8 (note: the data is not exact, see below). After the destruction in Radomysl of the Uniate Metropolitan Department by the royal decree of 1796, the estate of the Uniate Metropolitan, which included Malaya Racha, was donated to General A. Zlotnitsky. Later, part of the estate was acquired by the landlords Verzhbitskie ... The brothers Verzhbitsky, Roman and Emmanuel, owned land in Malaya Racha - 1,900 acres of land, while the peasants owned 70 acres. In the mid-19th century. In the village there were 400 inhabitants (of whom 202 were males), assigned to the Chudinsky Orthodox parish. In 1865, there were 509 inhabitants in Malaya Racha, which was part of the Kichkirivska Volost of the Radomyslsky district. As of 1887, there were 688 peasants living in Malaya Racha, 230 of them after the reform of 1861. They owned land with a total area of 900 dessiatines, paying for them 996 rubles, 11 kopecks. in year. The landowner Karl Verbitsky owned 2,041 dessiatines here, including 380 arable land, 1379 forests, and 282 creepers. Verzhbitsky gradually sold his land, and in the late 19th century. His land tenure was already 1751 dess. For example, the forest at one of the Zarichci sites in the direction of Zaboloto, he sold on timber, and sold the released soil to 12 peasants, were upset and settled down, forming there a farm called the Third Glukhov. In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households. There was a school of reading and writing, two smithies ... Among the 3151 dessiatines of the land, in Malaya Racha, 1251 dess. Belonged to the peasants, 1900 to the landowners .... At that time the village became the property of Roman Verzhbitsky, whom he called "a stupid gentleman" for his stark nature and oddities, but the old-timers simultaneously cited many examples of his fair and caring attitude towards his peasants. The landed estate was located on the site of a modern tractor mill and farm buildings. In the courtyard was a high hill piled high with an observation platform at the top, from where the landlord observed all his estates. He had two water mills in the village. As of 1913, Maria Kazimirovna Verzhbitskaya (270 dess.) Was among the small landowners, as well as the Radomysl Mayor Theodosius Grincevich. In 1914 a church was built in Malaya Racha in the name of John the Theologian, in which the Chudin priest Victor Goronovsky ruled. According to the stories of the old-timers, in January 1943, during fierce fighting, the church was destroyed by the fire of Soviet artillery, since it housed the firing position of the Hitlerites. In 1922 a village council was formed in the village. According to the 1926 census in Malaya Racha, with the village of Glukhov - third, as assigned to the village, there were 329 households with 1,293 inhabitants. The village had an elementary school. In 1930 a new building was built for her, and, after a while, the school became a seven-year (subsequently - eight-year) school. During the period of collectivization, two collective farms were established in Malaya Racha: "Molotov" and "New Life". In the hungry 1932-33 years. The small collective farm "New Life" was brought to the "blackboard". July 10, 1941 Malaya Racha was occupied by the Nazi invaders. Five inhabitants of the village during the occupation were tortured and shot by the occupants, 44 were taken to work in Germany. For the first time the village was liberated on November 10, 1943. However, as a result of the counteroffensive that the Nazi troops committed, on November 18 they again captured Malaya Racha. Heavy fights went under the village on December 8-20. Here the courage of the enemy 865th Regiment of the 271st Infantry Division, which fell into the encirclement and lost half its personnel, but held out and held positions. For the materials of the newspaper Zorya Polissya, 2 lipnya 1997 p.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/08/blog-post_68.html
Small means closer ... Now the names of two villages of the Radomysl district of Malaya Racha and Great Racha become more clear. Identify their names with sizes inappropriate. And only in the second half of the 20th century, since then the central farmstead of the kolkhoz was formed in the Great Racha, which combined three more neighboring villages, it began to develop more (from the point of view of Soviet socio-economic policy in the countryside). In ancient times these villages were the same. In the 19th century, for example, both Rachas were considered "villages" (that is, settlements where there were no churches), attributed to the Chudin Orthodox parish, belonged to different landed estates, had approximately the same number of inhabitants (400-450). But the name "Racha" comes from the word "Race", that is - the place where crayfish are found. So long was called a large swamp, which was between Malaya Racha and Zabolotye. Hence - Malaya Racha is a village located closer to the Bog, and the Great Racha - further. The newspaper "Zorya Polissya", 18 serpnya 1993.
*) The korchma (inn) (rus.: корчма) was the center of public life, here the people converged for food and drink, for conversations and drinking with songs and music. Drinks were served - kvas, beer, honey. The drinking establishments were private. Later, strong drinks appeared. In the Polish taverns, besides the sale of booze, the lodging was offered. The tavern, as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence, degenerated into a tavern in the territory of Malorussia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in a tavern. Shinok (шинок, rus.)is a small drinking establishment, sometimes an inn where strong drinks were sold. Legislative restrictions led to the fact that Jews in Russia could be either merchants, craftsmen, or shinkarers. Shinkarstvo - 1) the contents of the tavern as a kind of occupation; 2) manufacture of alcoholic beverages, storage and trade thereof. The landowners and Cossack petty officers were interested in the presence of the Jews primarily because they were simply lazy to conduct business in their taverns and shinki (pubs). The Jews could not own immovable property, and therefore willingly agreed to become some kind of hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. So, the Ukrainian landlords hired Jews to conduct distillation and trade in wine. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore all the time they were in debt with their landlords. Such conduct of the case was extremely beneficial to the noble Malorussians: doing nothing, they received profit from the shinkaras, and they also paid them a rent for the use of tins and enterprises. Nikolai Leskov in his notes "The Jew in Russia": "The Jew sits in a tavern for two reasons: 1. Because, with the excessive crowding of Jews in the Pale of Settlement, any kind of commercial competition for small funds is too strong, and the Jew grasps everything, for which only is possible to do. 2. The Jew shivers because he also loves production, which is more demand-driven. In the area where the Jew lives in Russia, there is more demand for vodka, and the Jew is the seller of this salable product. Shinkarry, perhaps, is one of the most unique economic phenomena in which Jews participated. On the one hand, it can not be called his Jewish business, since no shine to the Jews belonged. On the other hand, it was the Jews who created the laws of development of shinokarstva in Ukraine and Russia, owned the secrets of distilling, invented a system of lending in shinki (poured into the peasants in debt). And for this bitterly paid. Subsequently, Jewish shnikaris will be accused of maliciously soldering the Russian peasantry. "As if without the Jews, the Russians did not drink!" Exclaims Leskov. *)http://www.xliby.ru/istorija/evrei_v_rossii_samye_vlijatelnye_i_bogatye/p3.php
Polish landowners reserved the right to monopoly the sale of vodka and to levy taxes on it. The Panians gave this right to the Jews for a pre-agreed fee. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village tavern was not only a barmaid, but also a local merchant. He bought agricultural products from the peasants and supplied them with basic necessities, such as salt, hardware, leather, and sometimes gave peasants and loans. The Jewish tenants themselves were completely exposed to the arbitrariness of the landowner. Historical documents and folk legends hold many stories about the mockery of the pani over the tenants, the Jews thrown into the underground dungeons, about the children who were taken away from their parents and forcibly baptized. There was no legitimate authority that could save a Jew, cut off from his relatives and living in the village, from his cruel master. And it was only through money ransom that the Jews were sometimes able to help the tribe out of trouble. http://jhistory.nfurman.com/code/ettinger4_03.htm
http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
In the anonymous secret "Note on Jews Living in Russia", filed in the III Department of the Chancellery of His Imperial Majesty in 1842, it was said that it was for the landlords, as well as wineries and breweries, mills, ponds, etc., : "The landlord received income for the contents of the inn and so on. Much more significant than any other could give him, for a Jew is more outrank than others and his way of life does not require large expenditures. " In the "Note" interesting observations are made that the replacement of Jewish nurses by Christian tenants in some places leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In tents except vodka you can not get anything, and the Innkeeper himself is always drunk, ready to fight, to noise"; "This measure took away every opportunity for the zemstvo authorities to closely oversee the many landowners of the western provinces. The Jewish tavern was a vigilant vigil, he knew everything that happened in the landlord's house ... about the ferment of the minds of the landlords and messengers, about meetings and congresses. "
The tavern (корчма), as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence, degenerated into a shinok (шинок, rus.) in the territory of Malorussia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in a kabak (кабак, rus.).
Polish landowners reserved the right to monopoly the sale of vodka and to levy taxes on it. The Panians gave this right to the Jews for a pre-agreed fee. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village tavern was not only a barmaid, but also a local merchant. He bought agricultural products from the peasants and supplied them with basic necessities, such as salt, hardware, leather, and sometimes gave peasants and loans. The Jewish tenants themselves were completely exposed to the arbitrariness of the landowner. Historical documents and folk legends hold many stories about the mockery of the pani over the tenants, the Jews thrown into the underground dungeons, about the children who were taken away from their parents and forcibly baptized. There was no legitimate authority that could save a Jew, cut off from his relatives and living in the village, from his cruel master. And it was only through money ransom that the Jews were sometimes able to help the tribe out of trouble. http://jhistory.nfurman.com/code/ettinger4_03.htm
http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
In the anonymous secret "Note on Jews Living in Russia", filed in the III Department of the Chancellery of His Imperial Majesty in 1842, it was said that it was for the landlords, as well as wineries and breweries, mills, ponds, etc., : "The landlord received income for the contents of the inn and so on. Much more significant than any other could give him, for a Jew is more outrank than others and his way of life does not require large expenditures. " In the "Note" interesting observations are made that the replacement of Jewish nurses by Christian tenants in some places leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In tents except vodka you can not get anything, and the Innkeeper himself is always drunk, ready to fight, to noise"; "This measure took away every opportunity for the zemstvo authorities to closely oversee the many landowners of the western provinces. The Jewish tavern was a vigilant vigil, he knew everything that happened in the landlord's house ... about the ferment of the minds of the landlords and messengers, about meetings and congresses. "
The tavern (корчма), as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence, degenerated into a shinok (шинок, rus.) in the territory of Malorussia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in a kabak (кабак, rus.).
Myth: Jews were drinking the Christian people
It was not Jews who were drinking the Christian people in shinki, but the people were drinking their own selves; the Russian government gave shinoks to the ranks of Jews only because they knew that only Jews would not get drunk and give all the revenues to the government. Indeed, the Jews own shreds for the sale of vodka in Russia. This is really so. But why this, and whether it was so bad for Russia? The sale of vodka in the Russian Empire has always been a monopoly of the state and one of the main sources of income for the empire. The more sales - the more revenue. And more sales were when the shinki were in the hands of the Jews. That is why the Russian Empire gave the sale of vodka through tires to the Jews. Thus the empire solved for itself two main questions. The first is a sharp increase in revenues for the treasury. Jews know how to organize trade and increase sales, and it is much easier for government officials to take profits from them. If the owner of the shina was a Russian, there would be a real possibility that he himself would have drunk with his visitors. In this case, the revenue to the treasury would be sharply reduced. And the second question that the empire decided for itself is who to blame for soldering the people-not an empire that thus enriched the treasury and held the people in obedience, and the Jews. It was not Jews who drank the people, but the people and their rulers wanted it. Jews owned and now own many alcohol companies in the US and Europe ("shinki"), but no one is sleeping there. https://evreimir.com/74225/Antisemitizm-eto-horosho-eto-priznani/
Nikolai Leskov "Jew in Russia "
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/15f2704261b159cc?projector=1
"First of all it is necessary to understand: what ratio represents number of the Jews-Shinkari to the total number of Jews of artisans and industrialists, engaged in other affairs. Probably, if to devote a lot of work to this case, those could reach very interesting results, which would show that shinkari much less, than locksmiths bakers and shoemakers... Jews are trade people, not philanthropists, and the commercial storehouse of their mind always strives to find all sorts of means to earn money by satisfying existing or emerging demand. where they ask only vodka, there is a Jew and anxious to serve vodka. He is not allowed to produce other items that he will not require. That's why a Jew and a shkunkuet without disgust to this case. This is, of course, not knightly, but also not so outrageous low, as they try to imagine the enemies of the Jews who forget or do not want to know that the services of Jews in the sale of pita in the Jewish settlement of the prize."
Korchma (Inn) in Kolochava
Kolochava is a large village (5.6 thousand inhabitants) of Transcarpathia. Somewhere in Kolochava there is a Jewish cemetery, and according to the guide, these plates were lying aside, someone taken off the graves, and only because of this the local Jewish organization allowed them to move to the museum. "Egan's cart" in the background is also not accidental. Edmund Egan - emissary of the Hungarian government, who was sent here in 1897 to understand the reasons for such extreme poverty in the region. Egan did not invent a bicycle, but reported to Budapest that this, as always, the Jews are to blame for everything. In Budapest, we took our word for it, and in general the last 20 years of the Austro-Hungarian Empire have been a very difficult time. Well, then - the Second World War, and Hungary as the most loyal ally of the Third Reich (the only country that did not go to the other side until the very end of the war!) Created all conditions for the Holocaust. Of the one hundred thousand Jews of Transcarpathia, 10-15 thousand survived until the end of the war. http://varandej.livejournal.com/484031.html |
According to the Talmud, Jews were forbidden to serve the Gentiles, so the staff of the tire was fenced off from visitors by the counter (see the above lithograph), that is, the stand behind which modern bartenders also work! Proceeding from the same commandments of the Talmud, the "waiters" did not serve in the hands of mugs with "swill", and put them on the counter.
Shinok
Shinok is a small drinking place where sold strong drinks, kvass, beer, honey. Shinkarstvo - 1) The content of the Shinca as a kind of occupation; 2) Production of alcoholic beverages, storage and trade. A small liquor trader – the shinkar could rent a village korchma or turn it into a house.
Korchma.
In the korchma, usually in the countryside, except for the sale of booze was offered accommodation. The Jewish tenant of the village Korchma was not only a shinkarem, but also a local merchant. He bought agricultural products from peasants and supplied them with necessities such as salt, hardware, leather, and sometimes gave farmers and loans. The centre was the center of social life, here people converged for food and drink, for conversations and popoek with songs and music. Korchma as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence was reborn in the shinok in the territory of Malorossia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in the tavern.
Shinok
Shinok is a small drinking place where sold strong drinks, kvass, beer, honey. Shinkarstvo - 1) The content of the Shinca as a kind of occupation; 2) Production of alcoholic beverages, storage and trade. A small liquor trader – the shinkar could rent a village korchma or turn it into a house.
Korchma.
In the korchma, usually in the countryside, except for the sale of booze was offered accommodation. The Jewish tenant of the village Korchma was not only a shinkarem, but also a local merchant. He bought agricultural products from peasants and supplied them with necessities such as salt, hardware, leather, and sometimes gave farmers and loans. The centre was the center of social life, here people converged for food and drink, for conversations and popoek with songs and music. Korchma as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence was reborn in the shinok in the territory of Malorossia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in the tavern.
"The agriculture employment of Jews (the same occupation prevails in cities as well) was limited to renting in the mills, distilleries, korchim and shinkov (in the cities, the second is often occupied by trade). Not nearly sat down, where there was no Jewish tenant, It is also common that censuses combine the understanding of a tenant with the concept of a Jew and prior to that associate a professor with nationality and faith that, in fact, the expression: in the village of a Jew, they say: in the village of a tenant. Thus, all the names of the south-western edge in the period of the census of 1764-65 are de facto in the hands of the Jews ... The sequence of Jewish professions: the first place, in terms of the height of one percent, is occupied by shinkari and korchmari, then the merchants gave craftsmen, then servants and, finally, the poor. "Http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
In the following archival documents, the demographic data on the ancestors of the Maloratsky were found:
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir district, Kiev region October 25, 1789
_______________________________________________________ Coming man woman child total son daugh. _______________________________________________________ Malaya Racha: korchmar 1 1 1 1 4 _______________________________________________________ Most likely, it was the family of Mordechai (the 2-nd generation of Maloratsky) |
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir district, Kiev region October 25, 1791
_______________________________________________________ Coming man woman child total son daugh. _______________________________________________________ Malaya Racha 3 1 2 2 4 _______________________________________________________ Among the "8 Souls" in 1791 in Malaya Racha were our ancestors: Mordechai (1757 - 1815), his wife Genya (b. 1760) and sons Moshko (b.1780), Chaim (1790-1833) and the daughter of Pesya (b.1781). |
A census of Jews in the Zhitomir district of the Kiev region. February 28, 1765: Malaya Racha - 7
Census of Jews in the Kiev and Zhitomir districts of the Kiev region. May 1, 1778: Malaya Racha -7
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir and Ovruch districts of the Kiev region, produced in 1784: Malaya Racha - 6
Census of Jews in the Kiev and Zhitomir districts of the Kiev region. May 1, 1778: Malaya Racha -7
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir and Ovruch districts of the Kiev region, produced in 1784: Malaya Racha - 6
In Malaya Racha in 1765 there were 7 Jews, 7 in 1773, 7 in 1778, 6 in 1784, 4 in 1789, in 1791 - 8.
Among the "7 souls" in 1765 in Malaya Racha were our ancestors: Mordechai (1757 - 1815) (son of Shlomo) was born without a frame and later one of the first in the early 19th century. Found the name Maloratsky according to his place of residence (Malaya Racha village).
Among the "8 souls" in 1791 in Malaya Racha were our ancestors: Mordechai (1757 - 1815), his wife Genya (p. 1760), their sons Moshko
(b. 1780), Khaim (1791 - 1833), daughter of Pesia (b.1781.) which in 1795 she married Shlomo (b.1780).
Among the "7 souls" in 1765 in Malaya Racha were our ancestors: Mordechai (1757 - 1815) (son of Shlomo) was born without a frame and later one of the first in the early 19th century. Found the name Maloratsky according to his place of residence (Malaya Racha village).
Among the "8 souls" in 1791 in Malaya Racha were our ancestors: Mordechai (1757 - 1815), his wife Genya (p. 1760), their sons Moshko
(b. 1780), Khaim (1791 - 1833), daughter of Pesia (b.1781.) which in 1795 she married Shlomo (b.1780).
*) Jewish surnames in the overwhelming majority arose very late, at the end of the 18th century. And in the 19th century. Moreover, even in the time of Napoleon in Western Europe, most Jews did not have names. It was Napoleon who issued a special decree obliging all French Jews to choose their own surname. This means that before that, practically the Jews had no names. Despite the fact that the bulk of Jews (as well as non-Jews) in Europe did not have surnames, nevertheless, by the end of the 18th century (the beginning of the 19th century), mass appropriation of names for Jews and other citizens began practically in all countries of Europe. This was due to the need for Russia, Austria-Hungary, German principalities and other countries in the general registration of the population for collection of taxes and recruitment service. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bader,_Alexander_Borisovich
In the Russian Empire, the mandatoryity of hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special "Statute on the Jews", approved by the Imperial Nominal Decree of December 9, 1804. Article 32 of this provision read: "At this census every Jew must have, or take a certain hereditary surname, or a surname, which must already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, adding to that name given by faith, or at birth, this measure is necessary for the better organization of their Civil status, for the most convenient protection of their property and for the examination of litigation between them. " The implementation of this article was expected in two years, but in practice this was extremely slow, so the authorities were forced into the new Regulation on Jews, issued in 1835, again to include the relevant article for No. 16: "Every Jew must forever preserve a certain hereditary, or on the basis of laws, the adopted surname, without change, with addition to that name given by faith, or at birth." The execution of the articles of these Regulations was entrusted to the Jewish kagal self-government, and after the dissolution of the kagals according to the law of 1844 it was decided that every Jew, head of the family, is declared by what name and surname he was recorded by revision, included in the family and alphabetical lists and should be named in passports and in all sorts of acts .... By a special law adopted in 1850, the Jews were forbidden to change their surname even when moving to another religion.
In the mid-19th century, in Malaya Racha there were 400 inhabitants (of which 202 were males).
Surnames began to be appropriated since 1806, before that, namely on the census of 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymic. At the time of the naming, it could be that the brothers could receive different surnames. It happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Khaim and Avrum (settled in RADOMYSL) have found the surname Maloratsky, and two other sons Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (settled in Malin) have found the surname Radomyslsky.
Among the inhabitants of Malaya Racha by the beginning of the 19th century, were our ancestors:
Mordechai (1757 - 1815)
Genia (b:1760)
Moshko (b:1780)
Khaim (1791 - 1833)
Pesya (b:1781)
Shlomo (husband of Pesya) (b: 1780)
Sura (wife of Moshko) (b: 1779)
Chana (b:1793)
Shevel (wife of Chaim) (b:1795)
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (1795-1818)
Avrum Chaimovich Maloratsky (b:1810)
Esther Liba (wife of Avrum) (b:1812)
After 1810 the Jews of Mala Racha were moved to Radomysl where new members of the Maloratsky family appeared:
Ginach Maloratsky (b:1826)
Feiga*) Maloratskaya (b:1832)
Itsko**) Maloratsky (b:1818)
Mordechai Maloratsky (b:1822)
Ruchlya (spouse of Mordechai) (b:1822)
Haya***) Tsivia Maloratskaya (b:1833)
Note: The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Maloratskiy are underlined.
*) Feiga (Fejel, Fanya). In the beginning of the 20th the name became extremely popular among Jews in Ukraine, the girls who at birth gave Yiddish name Feiga, growing up became fans. The female name Feiga in Yiddish means "bird ".
**) Itko, Isaac, Yitzhak-the name of the biblical origin. comes from the Hebrew name יצחק Yitzhak, literally translated from Hebrew "The one who will laugh". Yitzhak is the second patriarch of the Jewish people. In Kabala, Yitzhak means the ability to control and control the physical world.
***) Haya is translated from Jewish – "Life".
In the Russian Empire, the mandatoryity of hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special "Statute on the Jews", approved by the Imperial Nominal Decree of December 9, 1804. Article 32 of this provision read: "At this census every Jew must have, or take a certain hereditary surname, or a surname, which must already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, adding to that name given by faith, or at birth, this measure is necessary for the better organization of their Civil status, for the most convenient protection of their property and for the examination of litigation between them. " The implementation of this article was expected in two years, but in practice this was extremely slow, so the authorities were forced into the new Regulation on Jews, issued in 1835, again to include the relevant article for No. 16: "Every Jew must forever preserve a certain hereditary, or on the basis of laws, the adopted surname, without change, with addition to that name given by faith, or at birth." The execution of the articles of these Regulations was entrusted to the Jewish kagal self-government, and after the dissolution of the kagals according to the law of 1844 it was decided that every Jew, head of the family, is declared by what name and surname he was recorded by revision, included in the family and alphabetical lists and should be named in passports and in all sorts of acts .... By a special law adopted in 1850, the Jews were forbidden to change their surname even when moving to another religion.
In the mid-19th century, in Malaya Racha there were 400 inhabitants (of which 202 were males).
Surnames began to be appropriated since 1806, before that, namely on the census of 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymic. At the time of the naming, it could be that the brothers could receive different surnames. It happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Khaim and Avrum (settled in RADOMYSL) have found the surname Maloratsky, and two other sons Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (settled in Malin) have found the surname Radomyslsky.
Among the inhabitants of Malaya Racha by the beginning of the 19th century, were our ancestors:
Mordechai (1757 - 1815)
Genia (b:1760)
Moshko (b:1780)
Khaim (1791 - 1833)
Pesya (b:1781)
Shlomo (husband of Pesya) (b: 1780)
Sura (wife of Moshko) (b: 1779)
Chana (b:1793)
Shevel (wife of Chaim) (b:1795)
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (1795-1818)
Avrum Chaimovich Maloratsky (b:1810)
Esther Liba (wife of Avrum) (b:1812)
After 1810 the Jews of Mala Racha were moved to Radomysl where new members of the Maloratsky family appeared:
Ginach Maloratsky (b:1826)
Feiga*) Maloratskaya (b:1832)
Itsko**) Maloratsky (b:1818)
Mordechai Maloratsky (b:1822)
Ruchlya (spouse of Mordechai) (b:1822)
Haya***) Tsivia Maloratskaya (b:1833)
Note: The names of the direct ancestors of Leo Maloratskiy are underlined.
*) Feiga (Fejel, Fanya). In the beginning of the 20th the name became extremely popular among Jews in Ukraine, the girls who at birth gave Yiddish name Feiga, growing up became fans. The female name Feiga in Yiddish means "bird ".
**) Itko, Isaac, Yitzhak-the name of the biblical origin. comes from the Hebrew name יצחק Yitzhak, literally translated from Hebrew "The one who will laugh". Yitzhak is the second patriarch of the Jewish people. In Kabala, Yitzhak means the ability to control and control the physical world.
***) Haya is translated from Jewish – "Life".
In 1795, a government decree was issued, according to which all Jews living in villages were assigned to cities, and then Jews were expelled from the villages. Alexander I, who ascended the throne in 1801, seemed to want to solve the Jewish question in the best possible way. But one of the points of the "Regulations" on the Jews of 1804 condemned them to ruin, wandering, the loss of all means of subsistence. This is a clause forbidding Jews to live in rural areas, to keep taverns and inns, to rent something. In rural areas, then, about a quarter of a million Jews lived. And these people lost everything all at once. The poverty of the Jewish population was widespread. By the end of Maloratsky's stay in Malaya Racha in 1810 there were about 20 people.
Demography of Malaya Racha:
1765: 7 Jews (~ 1%)
1773: 4 Jews
1778: 7 Jews
1784: 6 Jews
1789: 4 Jews (~ 1%)
1791: 8 Jews (~ 2%)
After the second partition of Poland - January 23, 1793 and the third section - October 24, 1795:
1810-1812 exodus of Jews from Malaya Racha
1865: 509 people
1887: 688 people
1900: 896 people (426 men and 470 women)
1926: 1293 people
1945: 900 people
1989: 1053 people
2000: 980 people
2001: 872 people
2015: 823 people
After the second partition of Poland in 1793 under Catherine II, when our ancestors from Malaya Racha found themselves on the territory of the Russian Empire, there was sufficient religious tolerance towards the Jews, the Jews enjoyed complete freedom of movement within the Pale of Settlement.
From the book of Leonty Pohilevich "Legend of the settlements of the Kiev province. Radomysl district ": in 1864 in the village of Malaya Racha there were 202 people.
In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households (on the above map you can see the houses located along the main street of Malaya Racha).
Demography of Malaya Racha:
1765: 7 Jews (~ 1%)
1773: 4 Jews
1778: 7 Jews
1784: 6 Jews
1789: 4 Jews (~ 1%)
1791: 8 Jews (~ 2%)
After the second partition of Poland - January 23, 1793 and the third section - October 24, 1795:
1810-1812 exodus of Jews from Malaya Racha
1865: 509 people
1887: 688 people
1900: 896 people (426 men and 470 women)
1926: 1293 people
1945: 900 people
1989: 1053 people
2000: 980 people
2001: 872 people
2015: 823 people
After the second partition of Poland in 1793 under Catherine II, when our ancestors from Malaya Racha found themselves on the territory of the Russian Empire, there was sufficient religious tolerance towards the Jews, the Jews enjoyed complete freedom of movement within the Pale of Settlement.
From the book of Leonty Pohilevich "Legend of the settlements of the Kiev province. Radomysl district ": in 1864 in the village of Malaya Racha there were 202 people.
In 1900 there were 896 inhabitants (426 men and 470 women) living in the village, there were 160 households (on the above map you can see the houses located along the main street of Malaya Racha).
Source of statistics for the years 1763-1791: "Censuses of the Jewish population in the south-western province for the years 1763-1791." http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
People's censuses, like any other collection of statistical data, have been everywhere and always, as they say, first for the sake of the treasury and administrative-military interests. Predictably, for the sake of the interests of the treasury, the numbers in the Rech Pospolita and the Jews were exposed.
People's censuses, like any other collection of statistical data, have been everywhere and always, as they say, first for the sake of the treasury and administrative-military interests. Predictably, for the sake of the interests of the treasury, the numbers in the Rech Pospolita and the Jews were exposed.
*) Pale of Settlement (Черта оседлости):
The Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire was called upon to legislatively protect Orthodox believers from other faiths; it did not establish any restrictions on national, ethnic and racial but only religious. Our ancestors, living in the Kiev and Zhitomir regions, were in the center of the Pale of Settlement. For any Jew who wishes to overcome the Pale of Setament forever, it was enough to turn to Christianity, i.e, to become a coreligionist. After that, he equalized himself with the rest of the citizens of the Russian Empire and could settle and live wherever he wanted without any restrictions. As far as we know from archival and other available materials, only two of our ancestors did not voluntarily convert to Christianity.
|
...11. All Jews are divided into four classes. A) The farmers. B) Fabricants and artisans. C) Merchants. D) Philistinism ...
... 21. When establishing the most necessary factories, what are the essence of cloth, linen, leather, and other things of this kind, the Government can, by proper identification, deliver Hebrew special encouragement, with the removal of the necessary land, and the delivery of a monetary loan (еmphasized by us, since this permission concerned our ancestors directly) ...
... 27. All sorts of crafts and small-scale sales, including wine, both wholesale and retail ... allowed Jews ...
..34. None of the Jews, beginning on January 1, 1807, ... starting from January 1, 1808, in any village and village can not contain any leases, taverns, taverns and inns either under its own name or under a different name, or sell They are guilty of, and even live in, under any form whatsoever, except by travel (it directly touched upon our ancestors, although the execution of this order, as follows from the described history, lasted for several decades) ... ... Jews are required to keep in good repair: 1) family lists to all subordinate Jews with the meaning of the title of each. When Jews move to other states and change their place of residence, immediately on these lists proper marks are made; but that at any time it may be possible to have a determinative information about the state of the Jews and their places of residence, the said lists must be renewable every two years; 2) alphabetical lists of the heads of the families of the Hebrews, with the meaning under which # (number) is in the family list; 3) regular recruitment lists for sites; 4) faithful copies from the auditory tales; 5) statement of arrears: tax, zemstvo duties and other charges; 6) contracts for box-office fees; 7) statement of public debts, and 8) salable books of taxes, auxiliary box collections, with layout registers and other information, and necessary for economic management and supervision (only Revizsky tales were available to us from the listed documents, see below).
The aforementioned article of 34 prohibited Jews from not only the shenkarstvo, but also in general rural crafts. According to S. M. Dubnov, "This article was immediately erased from the economic life by fishing – although it is far from honorable, but has fed almost half of all the Jewish population of Russia, and at the same time the close area of Jewish residence was even more narrowed by the seizure of it Huge area of villages and villages ". The removal of Jewish tenants and shinkars from the countryside to the cities (within the boundaries of the settlement) threatened 60,000 Jewish families.
Drinking was a very profitable activity at that time, as it provided the landowner with a constant income in cash, which exceeded the income from the sale of grain and other agricultural products. In the anonymous secret "note about the Jews living in Russia", filed in the third branch of His Imperial Majesty's Office in 1842, it was said about the benefit for landlords to rent the korchmar, as well as wineries and breweries, mills, ponds, etc. Jews: "The landowner received income for the maintenance of the korchma and etc. Much more significant than any other could give him, for the Jew is more ragged than others and the image of his life does not require great expense. " The note presents interesting observations that the replacement of the korchmar Jews in some places by Christian tenants, leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In the korchmars except vodka can not get anything, and the korchmars is always drunk, ready to fight, to the noise"; "This measure took every opportunity from the land authorities close oversee behind many landowners of western provinces. The Jew-korchmar was a watchful vigilant, he knew everything that happened in the manor house... About the fermentation of the minds of landlords and possessors, about dating and congresses. "It remains the fact that the Jews are shinkuring. That's the truth. But let no one think that a very common occupation in Judaism is also a favorite occupation. Not at all! Jew and drunkenness between themselves do not get along. It is known to all that there are no drunkers between Jews. http:/sfier.ru/upload/vol.iii (1-487). pdf
... 21. When establishing the most necessary factories, what are the essence of cloth, linen, leather, and other things of this kind, the Government can, by proper identification, deliver Hebrew special encouragement, with the removal of the necessary land, and the delivery of a monetary loan (еmphasized by us, since this permission concerned our ancestors directly) ...
... 27. All sorts of crafts and small-scale sales, including wine, both wholesale and retail ... allowed Jews ...
..34. None of the Jews, beginning on January 1, 1807, ... starting from January 1, 1808, in any village and village can not contain any leases, taverns, taverns and inns either under its own name or under a different name, or sell They are guilty of, and even live in, under any form whatsoever, except by travel (it directly touched upon our ancestors, although the execution of this order, as follows from the described history, lasted for several decades) ... ... Jews are required to keep in good repair: 1) family lists to all subordinate Jews with the meaning of the title of each. When Jews move to other states and change their place of residence, immediately on these lists proper marks are made; but that at any time it may be possible to have a determinative information about the state of the Jews and their places of residence, the said lists must be renewable every two years; 2) alphabetical lists of the heads of the families of the Hebrews, with the meaning under which # (number) is in the family list; 3) regular recruitment lists for sites; 4) faithful copies from the auditory tales; 5) statement of arrears: tax, zemstvo duties and other charges; 6) contracts for box-office fees; 7) statement of public debts, and 8) salable books of taxes, auxiliary box collections, with layout registers and other information, and necessary for economic management and supervision (only Revizsky tales were available to us from the listed documents, see below).
The aforementioned article of 34 prohibited Jews from not only the shenkarstvo, but also in general rural crafts. According to S. M. Dubnov, "This article was immediately erased from the economic life by fishing – although it is far from honorable, but has fed almost half of all the Jewish population of Russia, and at the same time the close area of Jewish residence was even more narrowed by the seizure of it Huge area of villages and villages ". The removal of Jewish tenants and shinkars from the countryside to the cities (within the boundaries of the settlement) threatened 60,000 Jewish families.
Drinking was a very profitable activity at that time, as it provided the landowner with a constant income in cash, which exceeded the income from the sale of grain and other agricultural products. In the anonymous secret "note about the Jews living in Russia", filed in the third branch of His Imperial Majesty's Office in 1842, it was said about the benefit for landlords to rent the korchmar, as well as wineries and breweries, mills, ponds, etc. Jews: "The landowner received income for the maintenance of the korchma and etc. Much more significant than any other could give him, for the Jew is more ragged than others and the image of his life does not require great expense. " The note presents interesting observations that the replacement of the korchmar Jews in some places by Christian tenants, leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In the korchmars except vodka can not get anything, and the korchmars is always drunk, ready to fight, to the noise"; "This measure took every opportunity from the land authorities close oversee behind many landowners of western provinces. The Jew-korchmar was a watchful vigilant, he knew everything that happened in the manor house... About the fermentation of the minds of landlords and possessors, about dating and congresses. "It remains the fact that the Jews are shinkuring. That's the truth. But let no one think that a very common occupation in Judaism is also a favorite occupation. Not at all! Jew and drunkenness between themselves do not get along. It is known to all that there are no drunkers between Jews. http:/sfier.ru/upload/vol.iii (1-487). pdf
The drinking industry at that time was an extremely profitable occupation, since it provided the landowner with a constant income in cash, which exceeded the income from the sale of grain and other agricultural products. An anonymous secret “Note on Jews Living in Russia”, submitted to the III Department of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery in 1842, spoke of the benefits for landowners to rent taverns, as well as wineries and breweries, mills, ponds, etc., specifically to Jews : “The landowner received income for the maintenance of the tavern and so on. much more significant than anyone else could give him, for a Jew is more resourceful than others and his way of life does not require large expenses.
The "Note" contains interesting observations that the replacement in some places of Jewish taverns by Christian tenants, leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In taverns, except for vodka, you can no longer get anything, and the tavern keeper himself is always drunk, ready for a fight, for noise"; “This measure took away any opportunity for the zemstvo authorities to closely supervise many landowners in the western provinces. The Jewish tavern keeper was a vigilant vigilante, he knew everything that happened in the landowner's house ... about the fermentation of the minds of landowners and possessors, about dates and congresses.
All the same, the fact remains that the Jews are shredding. It's right. But let no one think that a very common occupation among Jews is also a favorite occupation. Not at all! Jew and drunkenness do not get along with each other. Everyone knows that there are no drunkards among Jews. http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
The "Note" contains interesting observations that the replacement in some places of Jewish taverns by Christian tenants, leads to a number of "inconveniences": "In taverns, except for vodka, you can no longer get anything, and the tavern keeper himself is always drunk, ready for a fight, for noise"; “This measure took away any opportunity for the zemstvo authorities to closely supervise many landowners in the western provinces. The Jewish tavern keeper was a vigilant vigilante, he knew everything that happened in the landowner's house ... about the fermentation of the minds of landowners and possessors, about dates and congresses.
All the same, the fact remains that the Jews are shredding. It's right. But let no one think that a very common occupation among Jews is also a favorite occupation. Not at all! Jew and drunkenness do not get along with each other. Everyone knows that there are no drunkards among Jews. http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
Below are the archival materials of 2-3 generations of Maloratsky,
who lived in Malaya Racha in the Radomysl district:
"Revizskie skazki of 1816 in Radomysl district, Kiev province"
84 Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky, b.1757, d.1815 (in the first diagram of the date: b.1731, d.1822) *) Morduch Shlomovich's son Khaim b.1795, Morduch Shlomovich's wife Genya (d.1814), Khaim Morduchovich's
wife Shevel b.1795
*) In some cases, the increase in the age of registered persons from audit to audit does not correspond to the interval of years between them.
The names are placed under the heading "philistines" ("мещане", rus.) . The name "philistines" was defined as: "city dwellers", "middle-class people", small traders and artisans. The middle class of the estate stood below the merchant class. The rank of a petty bourgeois was hereditary. Enlisted in the townspeople could any city dweller who had real estate in the city, was engaged in trade or craft, paid taxes and performed public services. There was always a close connection between philistinism and the merchant class. The rich people who developed and developed their enterprise, the petty bourgeois went into the merchant class, the impoverished merchants into the petty bourgeoisie
The Revizskie tales was recorded in the order of family numbers, for this and for the previous revision. On one side of the sheet of paper, a roll-call list was made of the male members of each family with a note of age and the indication of how many such persons were in the family during the previous audit; how many people have left, how many are there. On the other side of the sheet were female faces with a note of age.
Obviously, by 1816 our ancestors had acquired the names of the Maloratsky and Radomyslsky.
Another later archival document "Revizskie skazki 1818 June 20th day of the Kiev province of the city of Radomysl"
file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/1818_year._Additional_Revis__Tables *) _Played Jews_Y_Kiyev, _Vasilkovsky, _Boguslavsky_and_Radomyshl__Est._875_l.pdf upload.
indicates the following:
___________________________________________________________________________________
# Tradesmen According to the latest revision Now on face
consisted after it
arrived
_________________________________________________________________________________
218 Morduch Shlomovich Census of 1816. 85
Maloratsky were missed
Morduch Shlomovich 8
grandchildren:
Abram Chaimovich 8
Itcko Chaimovich 4
__________________________________________________________________________________
(see the original below; in the original mistakes were made: Morduch Shlomovich should be 63 years old (not 85 years old); Avrum Khaimovich and Itcko Khaimovich are the grandsons of Mordechai Shlomovich, children of Khaim).
*) Additional audit fairy tales were made out in the same tabular form. “Capital letters”, that is, persons accidentally or deliberately missed during the audit, including those who returned from the races or temporary absences, were added to them.
218 Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky age 85 years old (?) in 1816; therefore b.1733 (?) (questions are posed, since on other archival
materials, the years of life b.1757, d.1815). Morduchai Shlomovich's nephew (?) - Avrum Chaimovich (most likely it's the
grandson) b.1810. Avrum Khaimovich's son Itsko b.1814 (?) (Itcko, most likely, the brother of Avrum).
materials, the years of life b.1757, d.1815). Morduchai Shlomovich's nephew (?) - Avrum Chaimovich (most likely it's the
grandson) b.1810. Avrum Khaimovich's son Itsko b.1814 (?) (Itcko, most likely, the brother of Avrum).
Revision Malin 1811
62. Moshko Morduchovich Radomyslsky
In the "Revisionary Tale of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district, the town of Malin"
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/1816_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 8F_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B5% D0% B2_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE_% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0.pdf
on page 173 there is an entry:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender According to the latest revision Now on the face Female Gender Now on the face
consisted after it
arrived
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
# commoners Years Years commoners Years
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46 Moshko Mordukhovich Moshko Mordukhovich's
Radomyslsky 25 29 wife Sura 25
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If we compare this information with the previously cited "Revizskie skazki of 1795 about the Jews of Radomyslsky, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagala of the Skvirsky uyezd", when the Jews did not yet have surnames, we can find the following:
_____________________________________________________________
1795 1815
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------
Last name no last name Radomyslsky
Name Moshko Moshko
Patronymic Mordukhovich Morduhovich
Year of birth 1780 1786
Wife Sura Sura
Year of birth of
wive 1781 1786
Place of residence
at the time of the census Malaya Racha Malin
___________________________________________________________________ .
Most likely Moshko was born in 1780, and his wife Sura in 1781, as confirmed by Revizskie skazki in 1795. Otherwise, their marriage could not be in 1795.
Despite some differences in age, it is very likely that we are talking about the same Moshko family, the son of Morduch Shlomovich, representing the first generation of our family (see the diagram above). In 1800, Moshka and Sura had a son, who was named Abramko *) Moshkovich (see Reviz fairy tales Malina 1818).
*) The popular name Abramko corresponds to the holy name Abraham.
The transfer of the family from Malaya Rachi to Malin was associated with the following circumstances.
In 1804 in Russia a document was issued entitled "The norm on the eviction of Jews from the countryside". The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In accordance with the Regulation of 1804, Jews — burghers and merchants — were allowed to trade in wine both wholesale and retail only in cities and towns, and in the countryside and on the roads they were forbidden to keep taverns, taverns and inns. Our ancestors fell under the second category: Mordechai Shlomovich, who lives in the village of Malaya Racha and his son Shloma Morduchovich, who lives in the village of Dubovik.
The following is a document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) that regulates this eviction of Shloma Morduchovich from the village of Dubovik:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/1816_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 8F_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B5% D0% B2_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE_% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0.pdf
on page 173 there is an entry:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender According to the latest revision Now on the face Female Gender Now on the face
consisted after it
arrived
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
# commoners Years Years commoners Years
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46 Moshko Mordukhovich Moshko Mordukhovich's
Radomyslsky 25 29 wife Sura 25
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If we compare this information with the previously cited "Revizskie skazki of 1795 about the Jews of Radomyslsky, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagala of the Skvirsky uyezd", when the Jews did not yet have surnames, we can find the following:
_____________________________________________________________
1795 1815
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------
Last name no last name Radomyslsky
Name Moshko Moshko
Patronymic Mordukhovich Morduhovich
Year of birth 1780 1786
Wife Sura Sura
Year of birth of
wive 1781 1786
Place of residence
at the time of the census Malaya Racha Malin
___________________________________________________________________ .
Most likely Moshko was born in 1780, and his wife Sura in 1781, as confirmed by Revizskie skazki in 1795. Otherwise, their marriage could not be in 1795.
Despite some differences in age, it is very likely that we are talking about the same Moshko family, the son of Morduch Shlomovich, representing the first generation of our family (see the diagram above). In 1800, Moshka and Sura had a son, who was named Abramko *) Moshkovich (see Reviz fairy tales Malina 1818).
*) The popular name Abramko corresponds to the holy name Abraham.
The transfer of the family from Malaya Rachi to Malin was associated with the following circumstances.
In 1804 in Russia a document was issued entitled "The norm on the eviction of Jews from the countryside". The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In accordance with the Regulation of 1804, Jews — burghers and merchants — were allowed to trade in wine both wholesale and retail only in cities and towns, and in the countryside and on the roads they were forbidden to keep taverns, taverns and inns. Our ancestors fell under the second category: Mordechai Shlomovich, who lives in the village of Malaya Racha and his son Shloma Morduchovich, who lives in the village of Dubovik.
The following is a document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) that regulates this eviction of Shloma Morduchovich from the village of Dubovik:
Below is a diagram of the Maloratsky, illustrating the branch of our ancestors who moved to Malin and took the surname Radomyslsky, while their other blood relatives moved to Radomysl and adopted the surname Maloratsky.
Below is a document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) regulating this eviction of Shloma Morduchovich from the village of Dubovik: Fund 1 Inventory 336 vol. 1 Case 881. No. 45. List of bourgeois tenants of establishments selling alcoholic beverages in the Radomysl district. 1808
Revision Malin 1811
39. Shloma Morduchovich Radomsky (Radomyslsky) 35 years old (b.1876), son Haskel 10 y.o. (b.1801)
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This document concerns our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich (1st generation) (1753-1815) Shlomo Morduhovich (1777-1812), mentioned in this document, was the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich. As noted above, Mordechai and his son Moshko kept a tavern in Malaya Racha. The aforementioned document on the relocation of Shlomo to Malin contains the “Dubovikskaya Tavern”, which was located in the town of Dubovik near Malaya Rachi (see the previously given map). Now let's discuss the names of our ancestors at that time. In the “Revizskie skazki of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district", Malin town, under # 19 Shlomo Morduchovich and under # 46 Moshko Morduhovich acquired the surname Radomyslsky, while their father Mordechai Shlomovich and his heirs ( in Radomysl) put them in the name Maloratsky. Here you can make various assumptions, one of which is related to the original (at the time of residence in Dubovik and Malaya Racha) belonging to Shlomo and Moshko Radomysl Kagal.
*) In the earliest document “Revizskie skazki of 1795” found by us, where the family of Mordechai Shlomovich appears, his prospective elder son Shlomo is missing, although his probability is rather high, because, in accordance with Jewish traditions, the first son should be named Shlomo by the name of the deceased grandfather, father Morduchai. This absence is explained by the fact that in 1795, Shlomo was 16–17 years old, and perhaps then he already lived separately from his family in the village of Dubovik, as evidenced by the above document. Another version of the absence of Shlomo Morduchovich in Revizskie skazki of 1795 and 1814 may be associated with the following circumstances. Kagals used any possibility of hiding the actual number of Jews in order to understate the total amount of taxes charged to each community. Jews were not only utilitarian, but also religious reasons for hiding from accounting. The rabbis argued that in Old Testament times the Jewish people, agreed to be recalculated, was punished by the plague. It is precisely the fear of the “stranger’s evil eye” that explains the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century. an indiscriminate filing was introduced, not requiring a census of Jews. file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
*) In the earliest document “Revizskie skazki of 1795” found by us, where the family of Mordechai Shlomovich appears, his prospective elder son Shlomo is missing, although his probability is rather high, because, in accordance with Jewish traditions, the first son should be named Shlomo by the name of the deceased grandfather, father Morduchai. This absence is explained by the fact that in 1795, Shlomo was 16–17 years old, and perhaps then he already lived separately from his family in the village of Dubovik, as evidenced by the above document. Another version of the absence of Shlomo Morduchovich in Revizskie skazki of 1795 and 1814 may be associated with the following circumstances. Kagals used any possibility of hiding the actual number of Jews in order to understate the total amount of taxes charged to each community. Jews were not only utilitarian, but also religious reasons for hiding from accounting. The rabbis argued that in Old Testament times the Jewish people, agreed to be recalculated, was punished by the plague. It is precisely the fear of the “stranger’s evil eye” that explains the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century. an indiscriminate filing was introduced, not requiring a census of Jews. file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
In this "A REVIZSKIE SKAZKI of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district, the town of Malin" on page 169 there is an entry:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender By the Last Of Today, the face
revisions dropped out
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- # Years Years ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19 Shloma Morduchovich 35 Died
Radomyslsky in 1812
Shloma son Died
of Shloma Morduchovich 10 in 1813
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Shlomo Morduchovich (1777-1812), mentioned in these documents, was the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich. The aforementioned document on the relocation of Shlomo to Malin contains the “Dubovitskaya Tavern”, which was located in the town of Dubovik near Malaya Racha. Now let's discuss the names of our ancestors for that period of time. In the "Revision tale of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district Malin town" under # 19 Shlomo Morduchovich and under # 46 Moshko Morduchovich acquired the surname Radomyslsky, while their father Mordechai Shlomovich and his heirs (in Radomysl) were listed in the Maloratskys' documents.*) Here you can make various assumptions, one of which is related to the original (at the time of residence in Malaya Racha) belonging to Shloma and Moshko to Radomysl Kagal .
*) "The final report on the adoption of surnames was prepared by the State Department of Justice on July 5, 1827 (KRSW 6608: 226-32). This document illustrates three main problems that were found during" framing ": ...- different surnames were assigned to fathers and children or brothers in the same family ... " Http://j-roots.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t=533
In the earliest document found by us "Revizsky fairy tales of 1795", where the family of Mordechai Shlomovich appears, his prospective elder son Shlomo is missing, although his probability is rather high, because, in accordance with Jewish traditions, the first son was Shlomo by the name of the deceased grandfather, father Morduchai. This absence is explained by the fact that in 1795, Shlomo was 16–17 years old, and perhaps then he already lived separately from his family in the village of Dubovik, as evidenced by the above document.
Another version of the absence of Shlomo Morduchovich in Revizskie skazki of 1795 and 1814 may be associated with the following circumstances. Kagals used any possibility of hiding the actual number of Jews in order to understate the total amount of taxes levied on each community. Jews were not only utilitarian, but also religious reasons for hiding from accounting. The rabbis argued that in Old Testament times the Jewish people, who agreed to be recounted, were punished with plague. It is precisely the fear of the “stranger’s evil eye” that explains the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century. an indiscriminate filing was introduced, not requiring a census of Jews. file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
Returning to the origins of the Maloratsky family, headed by Mordechai Shlomovich, the question of his family involuntarily arises. It is about the middle - the end of the 18th century, when a Jewish family with an only child was a rarity. The main difficulty in answering this question is the lack of Jewish names at that time and the limited amount of available archival materials of that time. Nevertheless, on the basis of the available archival materials and logical reasoning, we will try to restore Mordechai Shlomovich family ties.
твие в то время у евреев фамилий и ограниченный объем доступных архивных материалов того времени. Тем не менее, постараемся на основе имеющихся архивных материалов и логических рассуждений восстановить семейные связи Мордехая Шломовича. One of the few materials of that time is the document: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf “1795 year. Reviz tale (RS) of the Jews of Radomysl district, Kiev province. State Archives of Kiev region. Fond 280, opis 2, deed 33. ” This document is a list of still besfamilnyh Jews, their families, their places of residence and their chronological data. Among them is the only representative of the second generation of the Maloratsky family - Mordechai Shlomovich, his wife Genya, son Moshko, wife Moshko Sura, son Mordechai Chaim, son-in-law Shlomo, his wife Pesya, their daughter Khana (see RS on p.19, 81-82 ) *).
Analyzing these lists and limited to those Jews who: a) had a middle name “Shlomovich”; b) lived close to each other (Mordechai lived in Malaya Racha); c) were of age close to Mordechai Shlomovich (in 1795 Mordechai was 38 years old, he was born in 1757), we find among a very large list of RS only three persons who meet these criteria simultaneously, namely:
1. Meer Shlomovich (see RS on p. 10, 70), 35 years old (born in 1760), his wife Ronya, 30 years old (born in 1765), the family lived in the village of Kamenny Ford". Conclusion: a) Meer was younger than Mordehai for 3 years; b) the village of “Kamenny Brod” is listed in the “List of settlements in the Kiev gubernia L. I. Pohilevich (Radomysl district) from the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron: Bystrievke. 101 yard, 942 apartment (1893) ... Located 20 versts west of Radomysl. ”
2. Duvid Shlomovich (see RS on p. 14), 35 years old (born in 1760), his wife Basya, 30 years old (born 1765)
Conclusion: a) Duvid was 3 years younger than Mordechai; b) the village of Modelevchislyutsya in the “List of settlements of the Kiev province L.Pohilevicha (Radomysl county).
3. Hershko Shlomovich (see RS on p. 17), age 26 years (born in 1769), his wife Godan (?), 24 years old (born in 1771), the family lived in the village of Potiyevka . Conclusion: a) Hershko was younger than Mordechai by 12 years; b) the village of Potievka is listed in the “List of the settlements of the Kiev province L. I. Pohilevich (Radomysl district).
The Potiyev parish included the village of Dubovik, where the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Shlomo lived with his family and owned a tavern. So, in practice, Hershko and his supposed nephew of Shlom lived in one place. Their further fate was determined by the document of 1808 regulating the "eviction of Jews from the countryside" (https://pra.in.ua) and the Regulation on the Jews of 1804 prescribing: "... every Jew must have, or accept his known a surname, or name, which should already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with a name given by faith or at birth added to it ”.
As a result, the family of Shlomo Morduchovich moved to the city of Malin and took the surname Radomyslsky (apparently associated with the name of Kagala (or county), where they lived). The family of Gershko Shlomovich moved to the city of Radomysl and took the surname Potievsky by the name of the village “Potievka”, where they lived. Mordechai Shlomovich and part of his family moved to Radomysl and took the surname Maloratsky after the village of Malaya Racha, where they had previously lived. These events are reflected in the Reviz fairy tales of Malin and Radomysl, beginning in 1816. Thus, the subsequent history of our ancestors was the history of the Maloratsky, Radomyslsky and Potiyevsky.
On the map below, 1865, Radomysl district, the yellow line underlines the villages where Shlom's supposed sons lived: Malaya Racha (Mordechai Shlomovich), Kamenny Brod (Meer Shlomovich), Modelle (Duvid Shlomovich), Potievka (Gershka Shlomovich), and the village. Dubovik, where the son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Shlomo lived. From this topography, as well as from the order of recording ancestors in RS of 1975, it is obvious that all of them are geographically close to Malaya Racha, where Mordechai Shlomovich lived with his family (information in RS on 19 pages). Degree of proximity of records in the RS of 1795: Meer Shlomovich (information in the RS on 10 pages), then Duvid Shlomovich (information in the RS on 14 pages), then Gershko Shlomovich (information in RS on 17 pages). Thus, there is an extra confirmation of possible kinship between the specified names, due to both the topographical and formal order of their records in the RS.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender By the Last Of Today, the face
revisions dropped out
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- # Years Years ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19 Shloma Morduchovich 35 Died
Radomyslsky in 1812
Shloma son Died
of Shloma Morduchovich 10 in 1813
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Shlomo Morduchovich (1777-1812), mentioned in these documents, was the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich. The aforementioned document on the relocation of Shlomo to Malin contains the “Dubovitskaya Tavern”, which was located in the town of Dubovik near Malaya Racha. Now let's discuss the names of our ancestors for that period of time. In the "Revision tale of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district Malin town" under # 19 Shlomo Morduchovich and under # 46 Moshko Morduchovich acquired the surname Radomyslsky, while their father Mordechai Shlomovich and his heirs (in Radomysl) were listed in the Maloratskys' documents.*) Here you can make various assumptions, one of which is related to the original (at the time of residence in Malaya Racha) belonging to Shloma and Moshko to Radomysl Kagal .
*) "The final report on the adoption of surnames was prepared by the State Department of Justice on July 5, 1827 (KRSW 6608: 226-32). This document illustrates three main problems that were found during" framing ": ...- different surnames were assigned to fathers and children or brothers in the same family ... " Http://j-roots.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t=533
In the earliest document found by us "Revizsky fairy tales of 1795", where the family of Mordechai Shlomovich appears, his prospective elder son Shlomo is missing, although his probability is rather high, because, in accordance with Jewish traditions, the first son was Shlomo by the name of the deceased grandfather, father Morduchai. This absence is explained by the fact that in 1795, Shlomo was 16–17 years old, and perhaps then he already lived separately from his family in the village of Dubovik, as evidenced by the above document.
Another version of the absence of Shlomo Morduchovich in Revizskie skazki of 1795 and 1814 may be associated with the following circumstances. Kagals used any possibility of hiding the actual number of Jews in order to understate the total amount of taxes levied on each community. Jews were not only utilitarian, but also religious reasons for hiding from accounting. The rabbis argued that in Old Testament times the Jewish people, who agreed to be recounted, were punished with plague. It is precisely the fear of the “stranger’s evil eye” that explains the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century. an indiscriminate filing was introduced, not requiring a census of Jews. file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
Returning to the origins of the Maloratsky family, headed by Mordechai Shlomovich, the question of his family involuntarily arises. It is about the middle - the end of the 18th century, when a Jewish family with an only child was a rarity. The main difficulty in answering this question is the lack of Jewish names at that time and the limited amount of available archival materials of that time. Nevertheless, on the basis of the available archival materials and logical reasoning, we will try to restore Mordechai Shlomovich family ties.
твие в то время у евреев фамилий и ограниченный объем доступных архивных материалов того времени. Тем не менее, постараемся на основе имеющихся архивных материалов и логических рассуждений восстановить семейные связи Мордехая Шломовича. One of the few materials of that time is the document: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf “1795 year. Reviz tale (RS) of the Jews of Radomysl district, Kiev province. State Archives of Kiev region. Fond 280, opis 2, deed 33. ” This document is a list of still besfamilnyh Jews, their families, their places of residence and their chronological data. Among them is the only representative of the second generation of the Maloratsky family - Mordechai Shlomovich, his wife Genya, son Moshko, wife Moshko Sura, son Mordechai Chaim, son-in-law Shlomo, his wife Pesya, their daughter Khana (see RS on p.19, 81-82 ) *).
Analyzing these lists and limited to those Jews who: a) had a middle name “Shlomovich”; b) lived close to each other (Mordechai lived in Malaya Racha); c) were of age close to Mordechai Shlomovich (in 1795 Mordechai was 38 years old, he was born in 1757), we find among a very large list of RS only three persons who meet these criteria simultaneously, namely:
1. Meer Shlomovich (see RS on p. 10, 70), 35 years old (born in 1760), his wife Ronya, 30 years old (born in 1765), the family lived in the village of Kamenny Ford". Conclusion: a) Meer was younger than Mordehai for 3 years; b) the village of “Kamenny Brod” is listed in the “List of settlements in the Kiev gubernia L. I. Pohilevich (Radomysl district) from the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron: Bystrievke. 101 yard, 942 apartment (1893) ... Located 20 versts west of Radomysl. ”
2. Duvid Shlomovich (see RS on p. 14), 35 years old (born in 1760), his wife Basya, 30 years old (born 1765)
Conclusion: a) Duvid was 3 years younger than Mordechai; b) the village of Modelevchislyutsya in the “List of settlements of the Kiev province L.Pohilevicha (Radomysl county).
3. Hershko Shlomovich (see RS on p. 17), age 26 years (born in 1769), his wife Godan (?), 24 years old (born in 1771), the family lived in the village of Potiyevka . Conclusion: a) Hershko was younger than Mordechai by 12 years; b) the village of Potievka is listed in the “List of the settlements of the Kiev province L. I. Pohilevich (Radomysl district).
The Potiyev parish included the village of Dubovik, where the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Shlomo lived with his family and owned a tavern. So, in practice, Hershko and his supposed nephew of Shlom lived in one place. Their further fate was determined by the document of 1808 regulating the "eviction of Jews from the countryside" (https://pra.in.ua) and the Regulation on the Jews of 1804 prescribing: "... every Jew must have, or accept his known a surname, or name, which should already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with a name given by faith or at birth added to it ”.
As a result, the family of Shlomo Morduchovich moved to the city of Malin and took the surname Radomyslsky (apparently associated with the name of Kagala (or county), where they lived). The family of Gershko Shlomovich moved to the city of Radomysl and took the surname Potievsky by the name of the village “Potievka”, where they lived. Mordechai Shlomovich and part of his family moved to Radomysl and took the surname Maloratsky after the village of Malaya Racha, where they had previously lived. These events are reflected in the Reviz fairy tales of Malin and Radomysl, beginning in 1816. Thus, the subsequent history of our ancestors was the history of the Maloratsky, Radomyslsky and Potiyevsky.
On the map below, 1865, Radomysl district, the yellow line underlines the villages where Shlom's supposed sons lived: Malaya Racha (Mordechai Shlomovich), Kamenny Brod (Meer Shlomovich), Modelle (Duvid Shlomovich), Potievka (Gershka Shlomovich), and the village. Dubovik, where the son of Mordechai Shlomovich - Shlomo lived. From this topography, as well as from the order of recording ancestors in RS of 1975, it is obvious that all of them are geographically close to Malaya Racha, where Mordechai Shlomovich lived with his family (information in RS on 19 pages). Degree of proximity of records in the RS of 1795: Meer Shlomovich (information in the RS on 10 pages), then Duvid Shlomovich (information in the RS on 14 pages), then Gershko Shlomovich (information in RS on 17 pages). Thus, there is an extra confirmation of possible kinship between the specified names, due to both the topographical and formal order of their records in the RS.
*) According to the Church of the Intercession (https://sites.google.com/site/knygatymoshenkapropotiivku2000/-2----xvi---xix) in Potievka in 1817 in the local parish there were 462 males and 497 females. Potievka herself then occupied an area of 10.5 miles. To the parish belonged the village of Oblity, Novaya Buda, Old Buda, Rudnya Shliamarka, Buchki and Dubovik. In Potievka there was then a tavern and a water mill, the second tavern was on the border with the columns. Another tavern stood in the Stolbci. There was an ironworks, a water mill and a tavern in Rudna Schlamark. In Buda Potievska there is a tavern and a water mill and Potashev plant, in Buchki there is a tavern. Here is not indicated the tavern of our ancestor Shlomo Morduchovich (nephew of Hershko Shlomovich) in the village. Dubovik of the Potiev volost, obviously not belonging to the Potiev parish (?).
One of the additional arguments of the related roots of the Maloratskys and Potievskys is the following circumstance. The ancestors of Potiyevskys (according to Revizslie skazki of 1795, 1816, 1818, 1834, 1850) had names, approximately in 80% coinciding with the names of ancestors of Maloratsky and Radomysl **
As for the two other above-mentioned persons with the patronymic Shlomovich (Meer and David), the proof of their relationship with the Maloratsky is currently difficult, since their names are absent in the RS since 1816, when the Jews acquired surnames. In addition, their relationship is in doubt due to the fact that they were recorded in the RS of 1795 with the same year of birth (?).
*) According to our research, at that time Mordechai eldest son of Shlomo, who lived separately from family in the village Dubovik.
**) The coincidence of the Potievsky names with the names of the Maloratsky / Radomyslsky names (the brackets indicate the repeatability of the Potievsky names found in the Maloratskia / Radomyslsky family tree): Hershko (1), Shlomo (5), El (1), Yankel (1), Leib (2 ), Haskel (3), Moshko (4), Avrum (12), Shmul (2), Ios (3), Itzko (2), Morduch (6), Only (1), Leysor (1), Haim (3 ).
One of the additional arguments of the related roots of the Maloratskys and Potievskys is the following circumstance. The ancestors of Potiyevskys (according to Revizslie skazki of 1795, 1816, 1818, 1834, 1850) had names, approximately in 80% coinciding with the names of ancestors of Maloratsky and Radomysl **
As for the two other above-mentioned persons with the patronymic Shlomovich (Meer and David), the proof of their relationship with the Maloratsky is currently difficult, since their names are absent in the RS since 1816, when the Jews acquired surnames. In addition, their relationship is in doubt due to the fact that they were recorded in the RS of 1795 with the same year of birth (?).
*) According to our research, at that time Mordechai eldest son of Shlomo, who lived separately from family in the village Dubovik.
**) The coincidence of the Potievsky names with the names of the Maloratsky / Radomyslsky names (the brackets indicate the repeatability of the Potievsky names found in the Maloratskia / Radomyslsky family tree): Hershko (1), Shlomo (5), El (1), Yankel (1), Leib (2 ), Haskel (3), Moshko (4), Avrum (12), Shmul (2), Ios (3), Itzko (2), Morduch (6), Only (1), Leysor (1), Haim (3 ).
Below is a fragment of the RS of 1816, when Gershko Shlomovich had already acquired the surname Potievsky.
The Potievsky volost included the village of Dubovik, where the eldest son of Mordechai Shlomovich lived - Shlomo with his family and owned a tavern. So, practically, Gershko (village of Potievka) and his alleged nephew Shloma (village of Dubovik) lived in the same place. Their further fate was determined by the document of 1808 regulating the "eviction of Jews from the countryside" (https://pra.in.ua) and the Regulations on the Jews of 1804 prescribing: "... every Jew must have, or accept a certain hereditary surname, or nickname, which should already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the addition to it of the name given by faith or at birth. As a result, the family of Shloma Mordukhovich moved to the town of Malin and adopted the surname Radomyslsky (from the name of the kahal to which they belonged). The family of Gershka Shlomovich moved to the city of Radomysl and took the surname Potievsky by the name of the village "Potiyevka", where they lived.
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In addition to the Gershko Potievsky branch, we discovered the second Potievsky branch, coming from Itsko, the supposed brother of Shloma (1st generation). In the Revizsky tales of the Radomysl district of 1795, Yankel Itskovich (b / f), age 27 years old (b. 1768), living in the village of Potievka, is recorded, and in the RS of 1816 his son Moshko Yankelevich Potievsky, age 1 year old, is recorded ( r.1794).
Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1795 Yankel Itskovich (b / f), age 27 years old (b. 1768) His son Moshko age 1 year (b.1794) They live in the village of Potievka. |
Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1816
Moshko Yankelevich Potievsky age 22 years old (b. 1794)
By this time (1816), the Moshka family had moved from the village
Potievka in Radomysl and acquired the surname Potievsky.
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These materials indicate that Moshko Potievsky (representative of the 3rd generation) had a grandfather Itsk, who (presumably) was the brother of Shloma, a representative of the 1st generation of our family, whose son (Moshko's father) - Yankel was a cousin of Gershka Shlomovich and Mordechai Shlomovich. This is only an assumption, so this line is not yet shown in the diagrams below.
The links between the Maloratsky*), Radomyslsky and Potievsky are shown in the following diagram:
The links between the Maloratsky*), Radomyslsky and Potievsky are shown in the following diagram:
Potievsky
1. Gershko Shlomovich (b / f) (see RS 1795 of the Radomysl district, the village of Potievka on page 17), age 26 years old (born in 1769), his wife Godana (?), 24 years old, b . 1771, the family lived in the village of Potiivka.
2. Gershko Shlomovich Potievsky (see RS 1834, Radomysl, p. 95 # 298), son of Shmul 1785-1830.
3. Meer Shmulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 95 # 298) 1815-1819
4. Shloma Shmulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 95 # 298) born in 1800
5. Volko Moshkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 95 # 298) p. 1804
6. Yankel Itskovich (b / f) (see RS 1795 of the Radomysl district, the village of Potievka), b. 1768
7. Moshko Yankelevich Potievsky (see RS 1850, Radomysl, p. 62 # 29), 1794-1850
8. Avrum Itsko Moshkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 62 # 29) p. 1821
9. Shmul Moshkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 62 # 29) p. 1824
10. Leiba Shmulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 62 # 29) p. 1848
11. Yankel Moshkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 62 # 29) p. 1831
12. Shimon Moshkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 62 # 29) 1833-1835
13. El Gershkovich Potievsky **) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 571, # 57), (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, p. 5, # 3), p. 1803
14. Nukhim Elevich Potievsky *) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1827
15. Yankel Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 6, # 3), b. 1833
16. Leiba Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 6, # 3), b. 1835
17. Gershko Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1839 (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1835
18. Yankel Gershkovich Potievsky ******) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818) b.1793
19. Chaim Volko Yankelevich Potievsky *****) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818) p. 1810
20. Shmul Gershkovich Potievsky ****) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 571, # 57); Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, Radomysl (p. 95, # 298), 1785 1830
21. Haskel Gershkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818, p. 563, #24); (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, Radomysl, p. 95, # 298), p. 1779; Family lists of the Korostyshevsky Jewish Society for serving the next recruit duty.pdf 1830
22. Leizor Khaskelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 110, # 306); 1801 1849
23. Elya Khaskelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 110, # 306); 1804 1840
24. Moshko Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 110, # 306); b.1830
25. Aron Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 110, # 306); 1834
26. Eina Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 110, # 306); 1836
27. Itsko Yankel Khaskelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 111, # 306); 1822
28. Tevya Khaskelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 111, # 306); 1827
29. Yankel Gershkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, Radomysl, p. 108, # 357) p. 1809
30. Chaim Yankelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, Radomysl, p. 108, # 357).
31. Yankel Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1833
32. Haskel Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1841
33. Leiba Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1835
34. Gershko Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 6, # 3), p. 1839
35. Gersh Shlomovich Potievsky: “List of parishioners of the morning prayer house called “Ben Medrosh”, Radomysl, 1895."https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0 %BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A0 %D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8E.pdf(
36. Leiser Khaskelevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 563, # 24). 1801 1849
37. El Shmulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818, p. 563, # 24); (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, p. 110, # 306) p. 1801
38. Moshko Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, Radomysl, p. 110, # 306) p. 1830 40. Aron Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district 1850, Radomysl p. 110, # 306) p. 1834
39. Aron Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district 1850, Radomysl p. 110, # 306) p. 1834
40. Eina Elevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, Radomysl, p. 110, # 306), b. 1836
41. Hertz Chaimovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1850, Radomysl, p. 65, # 140). b.1830 (not in the diagram)
42. Chaim-Srul Haskel Potievsky (Business catalog of Radomysl 1913 (manufactory).
43. Chaim Gertsevich Potievsky (“List of parishioners of the morning prayer school “Bes Midrash” Radomysl, 1895”; Business catalog of Radomysl 1913)
44. Leiba Mordukhovich Potievsky
45. Gershko Shmulevich Potievsky ***) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1816) b.1769
46. Yos Itskovich Potievsky (list of settlers from the village of Potievka) b.1770
47. Volko Iosifovich Potievsky (list of immigrants from the village of Potievka) b.1786
48. Joseph Volkovich Potievsky b.1818
49. Srul Moshko Leibovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 90, # 235); 1792-1845
50. Mordko Peisakh Srulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district)
51. Srul Mordkovich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district.
52. Avrum Itsko Moshkovich Potievsky
55. Lemko Shmulevich Potievsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 36 # 56) b. 1787
56. Yankel Moishe Gersh Potievsky (Archive / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Census records, records of the population of Radomysl district
*) Nuchim Poteyevsky
Birth: 1827
Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine
Father: Eliyahu Poteyevsky
Mother: Vitl Poteyevsky (born ???)
Wife: Etl Poteyevsky (born ???)
Child: Brucha (born Poteyevsky)
Siblings: Zelda (born Poteyevsky)
Chaya (born Poteyevsky)
Basia (born Poteyevsky)
Yakov Shmuel Poteyevsky
Yechezkel Potiyevsky (born Poteyevsky)
Levi Poteyevsky
Hirsh Leib Poteyevsky
***) Hirsh Poteyevsky
Birth: 1769 Death: 1839 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Father: Shmuel Poteyevsky Wives: Sura Poteyevsky Chana Poteyevsky (born ???) 1st wife of Hirsh Poteyevsky (born ???) Children: Shmuel Yechezkel Poteyevsky Yakov Zalman Poteyevsky Shlomo Poteyevsky Eliyahu Poteyevsky Sibling: Moishe Poteyevsky *****) Chaim Wolf Poteyevsky
Birth:1810 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Death: 1831 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Father: Yakov Zalman Poteyevsky Child: Hertz Potiyevsky (born Poteyevsky) |
**) Eliyahu Poteyevsky Birth: 1803 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Father: Hirsh Poteyevsky Mother: 1st wife of Hirsh Poteyevsky (born ???) Wives: Sura Poteyevsky [??] (born ???) Vitl Poteyevsky (born ???) Children: Zelda (born Poteyevsky) Chaya (born Poteyevsky) Nuchim Poteyevsky Basia (born Poteyevsky) Yakov Shmuel Poteyevsky Yechezkel Potiyevsky (born Poteyevsky) Levi Poteyevsky Hirsh Leib Poteyevsky Siblings: Yechezkel Poteyevsky Yakov Zalman Poteyevsky Shlomo Poteyevsky
******) Yakov Zalman Poteyevsky
Birth: 1793 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Death: 1826 Radomyshl', Radomyshl's'kyi district, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine Father: Hirsh Poteyevsky Mother: 1st wife of Hirsh Poteyevsky (born ???) Child: Chaim Wolf Poteyevsky Siblings: Shmuel Yechezkel Poteyevsky Shlomo Poteyevsky Eliyahu Poteyevsky |
It should be noted the correlation of the names of Maloratsky (M), Radomyslsky (R) and Potievsky (P): Shlomo (M, R, P); Haskel (M, R, P), Moshko (M, R, P), Chaim (M, P), Shlomo (M, R, P), Avrum (Abramko) (M, R), Mordechai (M, R) . This connection is another confirmation of the presence of family relations of these three branches.
*) In this diagram, the Maloratsky are represented only by the branch associated with our direct ancestors.
This chart has been prepared based on the following archived documents:
2nd generation:
Mordechai Shlomovich: Revizkie skaski about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of Skvirsky uyezd in 1795
Hershko Shlomovich: Revizkie skazki about Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of Skvirsky uyezd of 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district 1834, the city of Radomysl (p.95, # 298).
3rd generation:
Shlomo Morduchovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816; Foundation 1 Inventory 336 t. 1 Case 881. No. 45. List of burghers-tenants of alcoholic beverage establishments in the Radomysl district. 1808 g.19 l .; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1815 Moshko Morduchovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki about the Jews of Radomyslsky, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of the Skvirsky district of 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1815
Khaim Morduchovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagala of the Skvirskiy district in 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 36, # 55).
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1816, the city of Radomysl (p.75, # 1).
Yankel Hershkowitz Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 108, # 357).
El Gershkovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.571, # 57), Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p.5, # 3).
Shlomo Hershkowitz Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p. 571, # 57); Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district 1834, Radomysl (p. 95, # 298)
Shmul Haskel Gershkovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24); Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district 1834, Radomysl (p. 95, # 298)
Hershko Shlomovich Potievsky:
4th generation:
Haskel Shlomovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816;
Mordechai Khaimovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 36, # 55).
Khaim Yankelevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 108, # 357).
Nukhim Elevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p. 5, # 3).
Yankel Elevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p. 5, # 3).
Haskel Elevich Potievsky:
Hershko Elevich Potievsky: “The list of parishioners of the morning prayer house called“ Shaimrim Laboiker ”, Radomysl, 1895”
Hershko Shlomovich Potievsky:
Leiser Haskelivich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24).
El Shmulievich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24); Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1850 (p. 110, # 306).
5th generation:
Mordechai Abramovich Radomyslsky:
Khaim Mordukhovich Maloratsky: "The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897" at m. Malin
Gersh Chaimovich Potievsky:
Gersh Khaimovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district 1850, Radomysl (p. 65, # 140).
6th generation:
Avrum Morduchovich Radomyslsky:
Mordechai (Mark) Khaimovich Maloratsky: 1881 List of Jews ranked in the commoner Malina. State Archives of Kiev region. Fund 1, inventory 351, case 634. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf
Khaim Gertsevich Potievsky:
Khaim Gertsevich Potievsky: “The list of parishioners of the morning prayer shkila“ Bes Midrash ”Radomysl, 1895” Business catalog Radomysl 1913
7th generation:
Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 524. Zhytomyr. A book to record the combination of marriages between Jews for the years 1889-1894. According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 (1st marriage); Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 524. Zhytomyr. A book to record the combination of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894. According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 (2nd marriage).
Bencion Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 525. Zhytomyr. The metric book about the dead 1885-1888. According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1888; the Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 520. Zhytomyr. The metric book about the births of 1890. According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1890.
Wolf Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 570. Zhytomyr. The metric book about births in 1902. According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1902.
The Potievsky descendants who immigrated to America changed their surnames: Potievsky to Potofsky, Pothofsky, Potman and Patoff https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3APotievsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~
This chart has been prepared based on the following archived documents:
2nd generation:
Mordechai Shlomovich: Revizkie skaski about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of Skvirsky uyezd in 1795
Hershko Shlomovich: Revizkie skazki about Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of Skvirsky uyezd of 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district 1834, the city of Radomysl (p.95, # 298).
3rd generation:
Shlomo Morduchovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816; Foundation 1 Inventory 336 t. 1 Case 881. No. 45. List of burghers-tenants of alcoholic beverage establishments in the Radomysl district. 1808 g.19 l .; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1815 Moshko Morduchovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki about the Jews of Radomyslsky, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of the Skvirsky district of 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1815
Khaim Morduchovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagala of the Skvirskiy district in 1795; Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 36, # 55).
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1816, the city of Radomysl (p.75, # 1).
Yankel Hershkowitz Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 108, # 357).
El Gershkovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.571, # 57), Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p.5, # 3).
Shlomo Hershkowitz Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p. 571, # 57); Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district 1834, Radomysl (p. 95, # 298)
Shmul Haskel Gershkovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24); Reviz fairy tales of the Radomysl district 1834, Radomysl (p. 95, # 298)
Hershko Shlomovich Potievsky:
4th generation:
Haskel Shlomovich Radomyslsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816;
Mordechai Khaimovich Maloratsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 36, # 55).
Khaim Yankelevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834, the city of Radomysl (p. 108, # 357).
Nukhim Elevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p. 5, # 3).
Yankel Elevich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1834 (p. 5, # 3).
Haskel Elevich Potievsky:
Hershko Elevich Potievsky: “The list of parishioners of the morning prayer house called“ Shaimrim Laboiker ”, Radomysl, 1895”
Hershko Shlomovich Potievsky:
Leiser Haskelivich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24).
El Shmulievich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1818 (p.563, # 24); Revizskie skazki of the Radomysl district in 1850 (p. 110, # 306).
5th generation:
Mordechai Abramovich Radomyslsky:
Khaim Mordukhovich Maloratsky: "The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897" at m. Malin
Gersh Chaimovich Potievsky:
Gersh Khaimovich Potievsky: Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district 1850, Radomysl (p. 65, # 140).
6th generation:
Avrum Morduchovich Radomyslsky:
Mordechai (Mark) Khaimovich Maloratsky: 1881 List of Jews ranked in the commoner Malina. State Archives of Kiev region. Fund 1, inventory 351, case 634. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf
Khaim Gertsevich Potievsky:
Khaim Gertsevich Potievsky: “The list of parishioners of the morning prayer shkila“ Bes Midrash ”Radomysl, 1895” Business catalog Radomysl 1913
7th generation:
Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 524. Zhytomyr. A book to record the combination of marriages between Jews for the years 1889-1894. According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 (1st marriage); Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 524. Zhytomyr. A book to record the combination of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894. According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 (2nd marriage).
Bencion Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 525. Zhytomyr. The metric book about the dead 1885-1888. According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1888; the Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 520. Zhytomyr. The metric book about the births of 1890. According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1890.
Wolf Avrumovich Radomyslsky: Fond 67 Inventory 3 Case 570. Zhytomyr. The metric book about births in 1902. According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1902.
The Potievsky descendants who immigrated to America changed their surnames: Potievsky to Potofsky, Pothofsky, Potman and Patoff https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3APotievsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~
- First Name : Aaron
- Last Name : Potofsky
- Nationality : US Citizen
- Date of Arrival : June 27th, 1908
- Age at Arrival : 39
- Gender : Male
- Marital Status : Married
- Ship of Travel : Amerika
- Port of Departure : Cherbourg, France
- Manifest Line Number : 0011
- First Name : Rebecca
- Last Name : Potofsky
- Nationality : US Citizen
- Date of Arrival : September 14th, 1923
- Age at Arrival : 28 yr
- Gender : Female
- Marital Status : Married
- Ship of Travel : Lapland
- Port of Departure : Antwerp
- Manifest Line Number : 0030
Note: In the above diagram of the Potievskys, there is no Chaim-Srul Haskelevich Potievsky, which we found in the Business Directory of Radomysl in 1913 (see below). A snippet of this directory is shown below. Most likely, Chaim was the son of Haskel Elyevich Potievsky, born in 1841 (4th generation).
In addition, Gershko Shmulevich Potievsky and Yos Itskovich Potievsky are missing (see the documents below):
In 1804, a document "Norm on the eviction of Jews from the countryside" was published in Russia. The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In accordance with the Regulations of 1804, the Jews - petty bourgeois and merchants, both wholesale and retail trade in wine, were allowed only in cities and towns, and in the countryside and on the roads they were forbidden to keep taverns, taverns and inns. Our ancestors fell under the second category: Ios Itskovich Potievsky and his son Volko, who lived in the village of Potievka (see #32 of the above document found by Ilya Goldfarb). By the time of the resettlement, they already had the surname Potievsky, after the name of the village in which they lived. An interesting coincidence (?): In the Revizsky tales of 1816 of the city of Radomysl (see below) for # 76 we find Joseph Itskovich Modelevsky (b. 1769) and his son Volko
(b. 1785).
STAROSELETSKIE
The surname Staroseletsky came from the name of the village of Staroseltsy, Korostyshevsky district. STAROSELTSY (Ukrainian: Starosiltsy) is the center of the Staroseltsy village council, which, in addition, includes the villages of Kashperovka and Smykovka. It is located 11 km north of the regional center and the nearest railway station Korostyshev. Population: 770 (2001). The first written mention of the village dates back to 1584.
In the document above:
p.5 #5 In the village of Starosiltsakh
Moshko Abramovich Starosilsky, his wife Sura
In which year and where should he move: 1808 m. Korostyshev in the city of Radomysl
This entry follows:
Already in 1808, Moshko and Sura had the surname Starosilsky (possibly Staroseletsky)
The resettlement was supposed to be in the city of Korostyshev or in the city of Radomysl.
But more on that later.
Staroseletsky
1. Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1818, Radomysl, p. 551 # 31), b. 1768
2. Avrum Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1796
3. Yudka Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1821
4. Gershko Yudkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1839
5. Duvid Avrumovich Staroselsky, born in 1824
6. Monishko Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1825
7. Mordukh Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1844
8. Moshko Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1834
9. Abram Itskovich Staroseletsky?
10. Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 124 # 446) 1789-1830
11. Shevel Shmulevich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 124 # 446) b. 1800?
12. Leiba Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) 1783-1838
13. Gershko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b. 1811
14. Borukh Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b. 1834
15. Duvid Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b.1842
16. Shmul Monashkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 95)b. 1817
17. Meilakh Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b.1818
18. Nuta Meilakhovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1841
19. Itska Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1831
20. Ios Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1827
21. Shmul Itskovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 8) b.1740 (rents a tavern)
22. Manashko Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village, p. 8) b. 1780
23. Shmun Menashkovich b.1817
24. Yankel Menashkovich b.1804
25. Aizik Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village, p. 8) b. 1785
26. Chaim Gersh Aizikovich Staroselsky, b.1804
27. Peisakh Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 1787
28. Ios Itskovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village b. 1767
29. Azril Iosifovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1795, Staroseltsy village p. 68) b. 1791 (Revision fairy tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 8) b. 1791
1. Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1818, Radomysl, p. 551 # 31), b. 1768
2. Avrum Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1796
3. Yudka Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1821
4. Gershko Yudkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1839
5. Duvid Avrumovich Staroselsky, born in 1824
6. Monishko Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1825
7. Mordukh Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1844
8. Moshko Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1834
9. Abram Itskovich Staroseletsky?
10. Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 124 # 446) 1789-1830
11. Shevel Shmulevich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 124 # 446) b. 1800?
12. Leiba Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) 1783-1838
13. Gershko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b. 1811
14. Borukh Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b. 1834
15. Duvid Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b.1842
16. Shmul Monashkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 95)b. 1817
17. Meilakh Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b.1818
18. Nuta Meilakhovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1841
19. Itska Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1831
20. Ios Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b. 1827
21. Shmul Itskovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 8) b.1740 (rents a tavern)
22. Manashko Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village, p. 8) b. 1780
23. Shmun Menashkovich b.1817
24. Yankel Menashkovich b.1804
25. Aizik Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village, p. 8) b. 1785
26. Chaim Gersh Aizikovich Staroselsky, b.1804
27. Peisakh Shmulevich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 1787
28. Ios Itskovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, Staroseltsy village b. 1767
29. Azril Iosifovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1795, Staroseltsy village p. 68) b. 1791 (Revision fairy tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy p. 8) b. 1791
MODELEVSKYs
The surname Modelevsky came from the village of Modelev, Radomysl district.
1. Lemel Shmulevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 607, # 202); b. 1789
2. Elya Shmulevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 607, # 202); b. 1801
3. Shmul Elevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818, p. 626, # 252); b. 1815
4. Usher Abramovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 625, # 22) b. 1789
5. Itsko Yankel Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 94) b. 1823
6. Gershko Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 94) b. 1826
7. Haskel Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 94) b. 1829
8. Leizor Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1767
9. Itsko Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1793
10. Avrum Shloma Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
11. Khaim Nukhim Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850)
12. Chaim Gersh Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1803
13. Shloma Khaimovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 47, # 83); b.1826
14. Mikhel Khaimovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, b.1834, 46 # 95) b. 1828 (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p.46 #95) b.1783
15. Leizer Yankel Khaimovich (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 47 # 95) b. 1830
16. Ovsei Elevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 47 # 95) b. 1820
17. Duvid Elevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
18. Shloma Duvidovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1818, p. 626, # 72); b.1796
19. Shaya Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850)
20. Mikhel Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
21. Berko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
22. Volko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
23. Itsko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
24. Chaim Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
25. Itsko Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
26. Mordukh Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
27. Shloma Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
28. Leiba Shlomovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
29. Leizor Shlomovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
30. Zus Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
31. Aron Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
32. Menashko Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
33. Srul Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
34. El Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
35. El Wolf Duvidovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 63 # 168) b. 1786
36. Shmul Elevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 63 # 168) b. 1815 37. Ios Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 106 # 346) 1771-1833
38. Yankel Iosifovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
39. Aizik Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1832
40. Ios Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1834
42. Shimon Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1836
43. Avrum Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1840
44. Duvid Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # b. 1844
45. Shmul Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1848
46. Gershko Mordukhovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
47. Mordukh Gershkovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
48. Volko Iosifovich Modilevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
49. Ios Volkovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 50. Kopel Avrumovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) 1781-1848
51. Man Kopelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1801
52. Nevikh Manievich Modelevsky (Revsky tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1826
53. Srul Nevikhovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1845
54. Yankel Manievich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1842
55. Avrum Kopelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1813
56. Mordukh Avrumovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 65 # 141) b. 1841
57. David Shlomovich (w/ n) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1795, Modelev village)
58. Yos Itskovich Modelevsky (Archive / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fond 384. Description 9. Arkush census, a record of the population of the Radomysl district
59. Usher Shmulevich Modelevsky (Archive / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Arkush census, information about the population of the Radomysl district
60. Moshko Gershkovich Modelevsky (Archive / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Arch of the census, a guide to the population of the Radomysl district
In order to check whether it was a pure coincidence or for some reason between 1810 and 1816 they changed their surname Potievsky to Modelevsky *), we conducted an investigation of the Jews of that time with the name Modelevsky, who lived in the Radomysl district . A review of the Revision tales and other documents showed that 25 found Modelevskys had names (see below), 80% (!) Coincident with the names of the Potievskys (marked in green), Radomyslsky (marked in red) and Maloratsky (marked in blue):
Lemel, Shmul, Chaim, Mekhel, Motel (Mordko), Gersh, Ber, Yehoshua, Avrum, Srul, Yankel, Moishe, Ilya (Elya), Aron, Mordko, Leiba, Leizor, Elizar, Elya, Itsk, Borukh, Moses, Shloma, David, Nuhim.
Lemel, Shmul, Chaim, Mekhel, Motel (Mordko), Gersh, Ber, Yehoshua, Avrum, Srul, Yankel, Moishe, Ilya (Elya), Aron, Mordko, Leiba, Leizor, Elizar, Elya, Itsk, Borukh, Moses, Shloma, David, Nuhim.
This connection is one of the confirmations of the existence of possible family relations of the indicated four branches MALORATSKYs/RADOMYSLSKYs/POTIEVSKYs/MODELEVSKYs It is interesting to note that our other ancestor Duvid Shlomovich (who later took the surname Potievsky) lived in the same village of Modelev.
From the Business Catalog of Radomysl, 1913, given below, it follows that three representatives of the Modelevsky clan were engaged in the manufacturing business
Among the names of the five branches (Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroseletsky, Modelevsky), the first three generations of our family, only ~ 10% of the names of our alleged ancestors are not repeated! www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com
It can be assumed that these non-recurring names were given through the female line.
The number of names of the Maloratsky / Radomyslsky three generations (17) is 17% of the total number of names of all branches (100). This ratio indicates that the diagram of the Maloratsky clan, given at the very beginning of this Part, does not give a complete picture of our "blood" related ancestors who have different surnames. Thus, our family tree expanded horizontally by about 5 times.
The most common names among the five branches of the three generations of our ancestors were Abram (Avram, Abramko, Avrum) (11) and Moshko (Moishe, Moses) (11). Names and places of residence of our ancestors at the end of the 18th century. - early 19th century
Among the names of five branches (Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroseletsky, Modelevsky), the first three generations of our family, only ~ 10% of the names of our supposed ancestors are not repeated! www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com It can be assumed that these non-recurring names were given through the female line.
The number of Maloratsky / Radomysl names of three generations (17) is 17% of the total number of names of all branches (100). This ratio indicates that the diagram of the Maloratsky clan, given at the very beginning of this Part, gives a far from complete picture of our “blood” related ancestors bearing different surnames. Thus, our family tree expanded horizontally by about 5 times.
The most common names among the five branches of three generations of our ancestors were Abram (Abram, Abramko, Avrum) (11) and Moshko (Moishe, Moses) (11). The names and places of residence of our ancestors at the end of the 18th century. - the beginning of the 19th century.
The names and places of residence of our ancestors at the end of the 18th century. - the beginning of the 19th century. (See APPENDIX 3. LOCATIONS OF OUR ANCESTORS in Part 5 of Chapter 3).
Names and places of residence of our ancestors at the end of the 18th century. - early 19th century
(See APPENDIX 3. LOCATIONS OF OUR ANCESTORS in Part 5 of Chapter 3)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Malaya Racha Dubovik Potievka Staroselsy Modelev
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai Shlomovich Shloma Morduchovich Gersh Shlomovich Shmul Itskovich Ios Itskovich
Moshko Morduchovich Haskel Shlomovich Shloma Gershkovich Ios Itskovich David Shlomovich
Khaim Mordukhovich Haskel Gershkovich Manashka Shmulevich Volko Iosifovich
Avrum Mordukhovich Shlomo Gershkovich Aizik Shmulevich Abram Khaimovich
Abramko Moshkovich Leizor Haskelevich Peysakh Shmulevich Chaim Abramovich
El Haskelevich Avram Iosifovich El Davidovich
Gershko Mordukhovich Moshko Abramovich Shloma Davidovich
Volko Moshkovich Abram Moshkovich Lemel Shmulevich
Yankel Volkovich Chaim Moshkovich El Shmulevich
Srul Leibovich Abramko Haimovich Gershko Morduchovich
Yankel Itskovich Moshko Abramovich Itsko Leizerovich
Moshko Yankelevich Abram Itskovich Shlema Duvidovich
Modelevsky
Ios Itskovich Potievsky Chaim Abramovich Ushi Abramovich
Modelevsky
Volko Iosifovich Leiba Avrumovich Lemel Shmulevich
Modelevsky
Avrum Moshkovich
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total: 5 people 2 people 14 people 15 people 11 people
Total: 47 people
Only male names are shown in the table, as this facilitated further investigation of the Pedigree when our ancestors acquired surnames.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Location Official District Population Population Location Occupation residence status of ancestral population
residence status of ancestral population
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Malaya Racha village Izyaslavskaya province(1793-1795) ~ 200 9 5.6 km from Radomysl, innkeeper Mordechai Shlomovich
Dubovik village Potievskaya volost ~ 100 3 korchmar Shloma Mordukhovich
Potievka selo Radomysl district 205 *) ~ 30 30 km from m.Malin korchmar Ios Itskovich Potievsky
Staroseltsy village Radomysl district ~ 250 ~ 35 10 km from m.Korostyshev korchmar Moshko Abramovich
tailor Ios Itskovich
Modelev village Radomysl uyezd ~ 250 ~ 20 korchmar Ios Itskovich
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CONCLUSIONS
During the time of our ancestors living in the countryside (late 18th century - early 19th century), when they still did not have surnames:
1. All the ancestors we know were in five places of the Radomysl district: Malaya Racha, Dubovik, Potievka, Staroseltsy, Modelev.
2. The greatest concentration of our ancestors was in Potievka, Staroseltsy and Modelev.
3. All (100%) bold names and patronymics of members of the family of Mordechai Shlomovich (in the future Maloratsky) (see Malaya Racha and Dubovik) were owned by our ancestors who lived in Potievka, Staroseltsy and Modelev.
4. The correlation between the names / patronymics of our ancestors who lived in Potievka, Staroseltsy and Modelev was 85%.
5.Among the names and patronymics, the most common were Abram (Avram, Avrum, Avramko), Moshko and Shlomo.
6. After 1808, the ancestors who lived in Malaya Racha and Dubovik acquired the surname Maloratsky and Radomyslsky, in Potievka - Potievsky, in Staroseltsy - Staroseletsky, in Modelev - Modelevsky.
7. According to the general diagram at the beginning of this Part, the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich (who later took the surname Maloratsky) was the grandson of Mordko (b. 1700), brother Moshko (b. 1610), who had a grandson Gershko Potievsky (from Potievka), (b. 1769), grandson of Abramko Modelevsky (from the village of Modelev), (b. 1765), grandson of Shmul Staroseletsky (from the village of Staroseltsy) (b. 1740). Thus, in the third generation, after the brothers Mordko and Moshko, there were their blood-related grandchildren with different surnames: MALORATSKY, RADOMYSLSKY, POTIEVSKY, MODELEVSKY, STAROSELETSKY.
Below is a diagram of the first generations of blood-related Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Modelevsky and Staroseletsky; This connection is especially noticeable if you look at the left side of this diagram, where the three sons of Shloma have different surnames: Maloratsky, Modelevsky and Potievsky, and the sons of Mordechai Shlomovich have the surnames Maloratsky and Radomyslsky.
If we take into account that Mordechai Shlomovich (1757-1815) named his first son (according to Jewish tradition) in honor of his deceased father Shloma, and his second son in honor of his grandfather Moshko, then in the above diagram the ancestor of our family is Abram, whose son (Shloma's father) is Moshka. At the same time, one more important detail: Chaim (b. before 1750) (Shloma's brother) named his son Abram (b. 1765) (see diagram) in honor of his alleged grandfather who had died by that time, since in 1965 his father Moshko was still alive.
From the above, it follows that Moshko Abramovich died in the interval between 1776 (the year of birth of Shloma Morduchovich) and 1780 (the year of birth of Moshka Shlomovich), and the ancestor of our family Abram died between 1765 (the year of birth of Abram Modelevsky) and 1776 (the year of birth of Shloma Morduchovich).
Thus, our research made it possible to expand the Maloratsky tree both vertically (up to the first decade of the 18th century) and horizontally (brothers of the first generation Shloma - Itsko and Chaim).
This investigation leads us to certain generalizations. Many researchers of genealogies, including the famous A. Beider, recommend that when looking for their ancestors, refer exclusively to their surnames. However, this can lead to a number of restrictions, and sometimes the inability to find their ancestors in the Russian Empire before and after the assignment of surnames. We tested this erroneous idea on our own example of the study of the Maloratsky family, when we limited ourselves to the study of our first generation - the only Maloratsky family who lived in Malaya Racha.
In addition, such a "family" approach contradicts the not uncommon situations when siblings, as well as father and sons, had different surnames. There have been such cases at least three times in our Pedigree. In this search, we went beyond this “family” approach. In this, an analysis of the names and patronymics of potential ancestors, their places of residence, the order of entries in the Revision tales, professional activities, chronology, etc. came to our aid.
Below are diagrams of displacements indicating the dates and names of the first generations of the Maloratsky:
The above documents (Revision tales of the city of Radomysl and M. Malin in 1816 and 1818) testify to the following:
1. From Malaya Racha our ancestors moved to Malin and Radomysl. The Moshko and Shloma families moved to Malin, and to Radomysl Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and two younger sons Chaim and Avrum.
2. In the census of 1816, the surnames Maloratsky (in Radomysl) and Radomyslsky (in Malin) have already appeared.
3. The age of Morduch Shlomovich 85 years earlier was recorded by mistake *); according to the 1795 census, he should have been 61 years old (hence the error in the very first diagram). According to the earlier census of 1816 below, Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky died in 1815.
4. Avrum and Itsko - children of Chaim Morduchovich, grandchildren of Mordechai Shlomovich.
*) http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php#_ednref2: In some cases, the increase in the age of the registered persons from revision to revision does not correspond to the interval of years between them. It is difficult to say whether this happened due to the mistake of the compilers of the tale and scribes or was done by them intentionally. Julius Gessen wrote about this: The distortion of names was facilitated <...> by illiterate rabbis and dumas; the absence of a firmly established pronunciation, which was different among Polish, Lithuanian and South Russian Jews, opened up a wide scope for new distortions in the correspondence of a name from one document to another ”(Gessen Yu. I. Jewish names according to Russian law // Jewish Encyclopedia. St. Petersburg. 1908-1913 . Volume VIII. P. 150). In some cases, the increase in the age of the registered persons from revision to revision does not correspond to the interval of years between them. In the intervals between revisions, revision tales were specified. The presence or absence of a person was recorded at the time of the current registration, and in case of absence, the reason was recorded (died, on the run, resettled, in soldiers, etc.). All revisions of the revision tales related to the next year, so each “revision soul” was considered cash until the next revision even in the event of a person's death, which allowed the state, on the one hand, to increase the collection of the per capita tax, and on the other, created conditions for abuse.
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By the time of their resettlement, they already had the surname Potievskys by the name of the village in which they lived. An interesting coincidence (?): In the Revision tales of 1816 in the city of Radomysl (see below) for # 76 we find Joseph Itskovich Modelevsky (born 1769) and his son Volko
(born 1785).In 1804, a document entitled "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from Rural Areas" was issued in Russia. The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and hamlets. In accordance with the Regulations of 1804, Jews - petty bourgeois and merchants were allowed to trade in wine both wholesale and retail only in cities and towns, and in the countryside and on the roads they were forbidden to keep taverns, shanks and inns. Our ancestors fell into the second category: Ios Itskovich Potievsky and his son Volko, who lived in the village of Potievka (see # 32 of the above document found by Ilya Goldfarb). By the time of their resettlement, they already had the surname Potievskys by the name of the village in which they lived. An interesting coincidence (?): In the Revision tales of 1816 in the city of Radomysl (see below) for # 76 we find Joseph Itskovich Modelevsky (born 1769) and his son Volko
(born 1785).
STAROSELETSKIE
The surname Staroseletsky comes from the name of the village Staroseltsy, Korostyshevsky district STAROSELTSY (Ukrainian Starosiltsi) - the center of the Staroseltsevsky village council, which, in addition, includes the villages of Kashperovka and Smykovka. It is located 11 km north of the regional center and the nearest railway station Korostyshev. Population: 770 (2001). The first written mention of the village dat
back to 1584.
In the above document: page 5 # 5 In the village of Starosiltsy Moshko Abramovich Starosilsky, his wife Sura In which year and where to move: 1808 M. Korostyshev in Radomysl From this entry follows: Already in 1808 Moshka and Sura had the surname Starosilsky (possibly Staroseletsky) The resettlement was supposed to be in the Korostyshev metro station or in the city of Radomysl. But more on that later.
Staroseletskys
1. Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1818, Radomysl, p. 551 # 31), b. 1768
2. Avrum Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1796
3. Yudka Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1821
4. Gershko Yudkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1839
5. Duvid Avrumovich Staroselsky, b.1824
6. Monishko Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), b. 1825
7. Mordukh Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), p. 1844 g.
8. Moshko Monishkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of 1850, Radomysl, p. 49 # 84), p. 1834 g.
9. Abram Itskovich Staroseletsky?
10.Moshko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 124 # 446) b.1789-1830
11. Shevel Shmulevich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 124 # 446) b.1800? yy
12. Leiba Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) 1783-1838.
13. Gershko Abramovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 101 # 270) b. 1811
14. Borukh Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 101 # 270) b.1834
15. Duvid Gershkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 101 # 270) b.1842
16. Shmul Monashkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 p. 46 # 95) b.1817
17.Meylakh Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 17 # 30) b.1818
18.Nuta Meilakhovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 17 # 30) b. 1841
19.Itska Moshkovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 17 # 30) b. 1831
20.Ios Avrumovich Staroseletsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 17 # 30) b.1827
21. Shmul Itskovich (w / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy, page 8) b.1740 (rents a tavern)
22. Manashko Shmulevich (w / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy, p. 8) b.1780
23.Shmun Menashkovich b. 1817
24. Yankel Menashkovich b. 1804 25. Aizik Shmulevich (w / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy, p. 8) b. 1785
25. Aizik Shmulevich (b / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy, p. 8) b. 1785
26. Khaim Gersh Aizikovich Staroselsky, b. 1804 27. Peysakh Shmulevich (w/ f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy
27. Peysakh Shmulevich (b / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, village Staroseltsy, p. 8) b. 1787
28. Ios Itskovich (w / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy, page 8) b. 1767
29. Azril Iosifovich (w / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1795, village Staroseltsy, p. 68) b. 1791 (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, the village of Staroseltsy, p. 8) b. 1791
MODELEVSKIE
The surname Modelevsky comes from the village of Modelev, Radomysl district.
Modelevskie
1. Lemel Shmulevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 607, # 202); b. 1789
2. Elya Shmulevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 607, # 202); b. 1801
3. Shmul Elievich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 252); b. 1815
4. Usher Abramovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 625, # 22) b.1789
5. Itsko Yankel Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 p. 46 # 94) b.1823
6. Gershko Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 94) b.1826
7. Haskel Usherovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 94) b.1829
8. Leyzor Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1767
9. Itsko Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1793
10. Avrum Shloma Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
11. Chaim Nukhim Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
12. Khaim Gersh Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 251); b. 1803
13. Shloma Khaimovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1834, p. 47, # 83); b. 1826
14. Mikhel Khaimovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 95) b.1828 (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 46 # 95) b. 1783
15. Leyser Yankel Haimovich (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 47 # 95) b.1830
16. Ovsey Elievich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 47 # 95) b.1820
17. Duvid Elievich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
18. Shloma Duvidovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district of 1818, p. 626, # 72); b. 1796
19. Shaya Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
20. Mikhel Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
21. Berko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
22. Volko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
23. Itsko Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
24. Chaim Mikhelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
25. Itsko Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
26. Mordukh Shaevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
27. Shloma Leizerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
28. Leiba Shlomovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
29. Leyzor Shlomovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
30. Zus Leyzerovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
31. Aron Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
32. Menashko Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
33. Srul Zusevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850
34. El Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
35. El Wolf Duvidovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834 p. 63 # 168) b.1786
36. Shmul Elyevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834, p. 63 # 168) b.1815
37. Ios Itskovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 106 # 346) 1771-1833.
38. Yankel Iosifovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 39. Aizik Yankelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b.1832 40. Ios Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b.1834 42.Shimon Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b. 1836
43. Avrum Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b.1840
44.Duvid Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850, p. 8 # 7) b. 1844 45. Shmul Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b.1848
45. Shmul Aizikovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 8 # 7) b.1848
46. Gershko Mordukhovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
47. Mordukh Gershkovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
48. Volko Iosifovich Modilevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834
49. Ios Volkovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1834.
50. Kopel Avrumovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) 1781-1848
51. Man Kopelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b. 1801
52. Nevikh Manievich Modelevsky (Revskie tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b.1826
53. Srul Nevikhovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b.1845
54. Yankel Manievich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b. 1842
55. Avrum Kopelevich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b.1813
56. Mordukh Avrumovich Modelevsky (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1850 p. 65 # 141) b.1841
57.David Shlomovich (b / f) (Revision tales of the Radomysl district, 1795, the village of Modelev)
58. Yos Itskovich Modelevsky (Archivi / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Arkushi census, views of the population of the Radomysl district
59. Usher Shmulevich Modelevsky (Archivi / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Arkushi census, views of the population of the Radomysl district
60. Moshko Gershkovich Modelevsky (Archivi / DAKO / 384 (1897), Fund 384. Description 9. Arkushi census, views of the population of Radomysl district
In order to check whether this was a pure coincidence or, for some reason, between 1810 and 1816, they changed their surname Potievskys to Modelevskys *), we conducted an investigation of Jews of that time named Modelevskys who lived in the Radomysl district ... A look at the Revision Tales and other documents showed that 25 of the Modelevskys found had names (see below) that coincide by 80% (!) With the names of the Potievskys (marked in green), Radomyslskys (marked in red) and Maloratskys (marked in blue):
NAMES OF MODILEVSKY:
Lemel, Shmul, Chaim, Mehel, Motel (Mordko), Gersh, Ber, Yehoshua, Avrum, Srul, Yankel, Moishe, Ilya (Elya), Aron, Mordko, Leiba, Leizor, Elizar, Elya, Itsk, Borukh, Moses, Shloma, David, Nukhim.
This connection is one of the confirmations of the existence of possible kinship of these four branches MALORATSKY / RADOMYSLSKYE / POTIEVSKYE / MODELEVSKYE
It is interesting to note that our other ancestor Duvid Shlomovich (who later took the surname Potievsky) lived in the same village of Modelev. From the Business catalog of Radomysl, 1913, given below, it follows that three representatives of the Modelevsky clan were engaged in the manufacturing business
*) The surname Modelevsky comes from the village of Modelev, Radomysl district, Zhytomyr region (highlighted on the map in the upper right corner).
Among the names of five branches (Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroseletsky, Modelevsky), the first three generations of our family, only ~ 10% of the names of our supposed ancestors are not repeated! www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com It can be assumed that these non-recurring names were given through the female line.
The number of Maloratsky / Radomyslsky names of three generations (17) is 17% of the total number of names of all branches (100). This ratio indicates that the diagram of the Maloratsky clan, given at the very beginning of this Part, gives a far from complete picture of our “blood” related ancestors bearing different surnames. Thus, our family tree expanded horizontally by about 5 times. The most common names among the five branches of three generations of our ancestors were Abram (Abram, Abramko, Avrum) (11) and Moshko (Moishe, Moses) (11). The names and places of residence of our ancestors at the end of the 18th century. - the beginning of the 19th century.
Family of Avrum Radomyslsky
Among the metric records of the synagogue of Zhytomyr are several Radomyslsky families, descendants of Avrum Radomyslsky. Considering the age of his descendants, we decided to join him as the son of Morduch Abramovich Radomyslsky (1827), but he could also be the son of Shlomo Morduchovich Radomyslsky (1776-1812).
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 458.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about births in 1866.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1866, Avrum Radomyslsky (r.18 ??) and Judil, January 20, 1866, in Zhytomyr, had a son Chaskel.
Family of Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky
Zhytomyr. Metric book about births in 1866.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1866, Avrum Radomyslsky (r.18 ??) and Judil, January 20, 1866, in Zhytomyr, had a son Chaskel.
Family of Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 524.
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 were married:
Radomysl's bourgeoisie Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1868) and Zhytomyr's bourgeoisie Ruhlya Shmul-LeybovnaFridman (1873).
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, February 18, 1892 were married:
Radomysl's bourgeoisie Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1868) and Zhytomyr's bourgeoisie Ruhlya Shmul-LeybovnaFridman (1873).
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 574.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1906.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1906, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Ziselle-Beyla, on April 28, 1906, in Zhytomyr, was born a son Isaac.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1906.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1906, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Ziselle-Beyla, on April 28, 1906, in Zhytomyr, was born a son Isaac.
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 565.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1896.
According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1896, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Brukha Shmul-Leybovna, July 18, 1896, in Zhytomyr, the son Simkha-Meer was born.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1896.
According to the metric books of the synagogue of 1896, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Brukha Shmul-Leybovna, July 18, 1896, in Zhytomyr, the son Simkha-Meer was born.
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 568.
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1900.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1900, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Brukha Shmul-Leybovna, on September 23, 1900, in Zhytomyr, had a daughter Tsipa.
Family of Chaskel Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1866)
Zhytomyr. Metric book about born in 1900.
According to the metric books of the synagogue in 1900, Shloma Avrumovich Radomyslsky and Brukha Shmul-Leybovna, on September 23, 1900, in Zhytomyr, had a daughter Tsipa.
Family of Chaskel Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1866)
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 524.
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, on March 14, 1900, they were married:
Radomysl's bourgeois Chaskel Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1877) and Kovno's bourgeois Dina Motya-Feilikova Litvak (1877)
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1889-1894.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, on March 14, 1900, they were married:
Radomysl's bourgeois Chaskel Avrumovich Radomyslsky (1877) and Kovno's bourgeois Dina Motya-Feilikova Litvak (1877)
- Fund 67 Inventory 3 Case 654.
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1913-1916.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, July 24, 1914 were married:
Radomysl's bourgeois Mordko-Leib Chaskelevich Radomyslsky (1890) and Zabudov's burgher Rivka Levin (1894).
Family of Wolf-Ber Avrumovich Radomyslsky (18 ??)
Zhytomyr. A book to record of marriages between Jews in 1913-1916.
According to the metric books of the synagogue, July 24, 1914 were married:
Radomysl's bourgeois Mordko-Leib Chaskelevich Radomyslsky (1890) and Zabudov's burgher Rivka Levin (1894).
Family of Wolf-Ber Avrumovich Radomyslsky (18 ??)
Note. The 4th generation of the Maloratsky: Joseph, Abraham, and Khaim, with their families, moved from Radomysl to Malin so far at an unspecified time (between 1834 and 1850). And our grandfather Mark Maloratsky (5th generation) at the end of the 19th century. (approximately in 1880) returned from Malin to Radomysl, where he married Chana Kagansky (see later this Part of the Pedigree in the Kagansky Genus section).
The above documents (Revizskie skazki of the city of Radomysl and M. Malin, 1816 and 1818) testify to the following:
1. From Malaya Racha, our ancestors moved to Malin and Radomysl. The Moshko and Shlomo families moved to Malin, and Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genia and two younger sons Khaim and Avrum moved to Radomysl.
2. In the 1816 census, the surname Maloratsky (in Radomysl) and Radomyslsky (in Malin) already appeared.
3. The age of Morduch Shlomovich 85 years ago was recorded erroneously *); according to the census of 1795, he was supposed to be 61 years old (hence the error in the very first diagram). According to the earlier 1816 census given below. Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky died in 1815.
4. Avrum and Itzko - children of Chaim Morduchovich, grandsons of Mordechai Shlomovich.
*)http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php#_ednref2:
In some cases, an increase in the age of registered persons from audit to audit does not correspond to the interval of years between them. It happened because of the error of the compilers of the tale and the scribes, or it was done by them intentionally, it is difficult to say. Julius Hessen wrote about this: The illiteracy of rabbis and dumas contributed to the distortion of names; the absence of a firmly established pronunciation, different for Polish, Lithuanian and South Russian Jews, opened up a wide scope for new distortions in the correspondence of the name from one document to another ”(Yu. I. Hesse. Jewish names according to Russian legislation // Jewish Encyclopedia. St. Petersburg. 1908-1913 Volume VIII. P. 150). In some cases, an increase in the age of registered persons from audit to audit does not correspond to the interval of years between them.
In between audits revision tales clarified. The presence or absence of a person was recorded at the time of the current registration, and in the absence of a reason, the reason was recorded (died, on the run, resettled, in soldiers, etc.). All clarifications of audit tales related to the following year, therefore each “audit soul” was considered cash until the next audit even in the event of a person’s death, which allowed the state, on the one hand, to increase the collection of per capita tax, and on the other created conditions for abuse (this fact was reflected in the work of N. V. Gogol "Dead Souls").
The above documents (Revizskie skazki of the city of Radomysl and M. Malin, 1816 and 1818) testify to the following:
1. From Malaya Racha, our ancestors moved to Malin and Radomysl. The Moshko and Shlomo families moved to Malin, and Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genia and two younger sons Khaim and Avrum moved to Radomysl.
2. In the 1816 census, the surname Maloratsky (in Radomysl) and Radomyslsky (in Malin) already appeared.
3. The age of Morduch Shlomovich 85 years ago was recorded erroneously *); according to the census of 1795, he was supposed to be 61 years old (hence the error in the very first diagram). According to the earlier 1816 census given below. Morduch Shlomovich Maloratsky died in 1815.
4. Avrum and Itzko - children of Chaim Morduchovich, grandsons of Mordechai Shlomovich.
*)http://berkovich-zametki.com/2012/Starina/Nomer4/Haesh1.php#_ednref2:
In some cases, an increase in the age of registered persons from audit to audit does not correspond to the interval of years between them. It happened because of the error of the compilers of the tale and the scribes, or it was done by them intentionally, it is difficult to say. Julius Hessen wrote about this: The illiteracy of rabbis and dumas contributed to the distortion of names; the absence of a firmly established pronunciation, different for Polish, Lithuanian and South Russian Jews, opened up a wide scope for new distortions in the correspondence of the name from one document to another ”(Yu. I. Hesse. Jewish names according to Russian legislation // Jewish Encyclopedia. St. Petersburg. 1908-1913 Volume VIII. P. 150). In some cases, an increase in the age of registered persons from audit to audit does not correspond to the interval of years between them.
In between audits revision tales clarified. The presence or absence of a person was recorded at the time of the current registration, and in the absence of a reason, the reason was recorded (died, on the run, resettled, in soldiers, etc.). All clarifications of audit tales related to the following year, therefore each “audit soul” was considered cash until the next audit even in the event of a person’s death, which allowed the state, on the one hand, to increase the collection of per capita tax, and on the other created conditions for abuse (this fact was reflected in the work of N. V. Gogol "Dead Souls").
"Revizskie skazki of the City of Radomysl in the Kiev Gubernia"
(The materials were found and kindly provided by Alexandra Loshak)
1816
In this document of August 10, 1816, among our Jewish males, our ancestor Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (# 1), age 21, b.1795 (see the above diagram of the Maloratsky family, 3rd generation).
In this document of August 10, 1816 among female Jews, Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky is the wife of Ita (?) (# 1), the age of 20, b. 1796 (absent in the above diagram of the Maloratsky family).
Mordko*) Shlomovich Maloratsky (1757-1815), the 2nd generation (see the above-mentioned diagram of the Maloratsky family) Avrum (1797 -?) - the son of Mordko Shlomovich, 3rd generation (see the above diagram of the Maloratsky family)
*) Mordko is a variant of the name Mordechai.
The information: During the audit of 1816, the so-called audit commissions from the district leader of the nobility and officials who checked audit tales at village gatherings operated.
The information: During the audit of 1816, the so-called audit commissions from the district leader of the nobility and officials who checked audit tales at village gatherings operated.
"Revizskie skazki of 1834"
Comments: On the cover of these Revizsky tales for 1834 is: "Revizskie skazki of merchants, philistines Jews of Radomysl and the county" (two estates). In the dissertation https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/1577b720db22f736?projector=1 is indicated: "Statement 1804 it was established that every Jew should be attributed to one of the four states: farmers, manufacturers and craftsmen, merchants, petty bourgeois. "Does this mean that these Revizsky tales do not include Jews belonging to the estates of landowners, manufacturers, and artisans? Hardly. In November 1851, the entire Jewish population was divided into five categories: merchants, farmers, artisans, sedentary and non-sedentated petty bourgeois (settled Jews were Jews who owned real estate or engaged in "philistine bargaining"). Most of the Jewish population fell into the category of non-sedentary townspeople, for whom a reinforced recruitment kit was introduced. They were forbidden to leave the cities to which they were assigned.
Reference: In the "Revizskie skazki of 1834" Information was provided in the order of family numbers, for this and for the previous audit. On one side of the sheet of paper, a roll-call list was made of the male members of each family with a note of age and the indication of how many such persons were in the family during the previous audit; how many people have left, how many are there. On the other side of the sheet were female faces with a note of age. Participants in the collection of this audit were landlords, special audit commissions and treasury chambers. The final check of the fairy tales was carried out by officials specially sent to the counties, whose duties included not only the viewing of metric books, but also the search for all "hidden and capital".
Reference: In 1850, the 9th audit was conducted. The 10th - the last revision (referred to in the above document) was conducted in 1857-1859. According to this audit, Avrum Maloratsky (4th generation) had a son Shmul born in 1846. In the first diagram of this Chapter it was stated that Avrum (b:1810) had two sons and a daughter. Perhaps one of their designated sons, Shevel (b:1842) is Shmul, or Shmul is the third son of Avrum (?).
*) Baptism for a long time served as a panacea for lawlessness for any Jew. However, until the 80th of the 19th century. In another faith passed (except for forcibly baptized cantonists, which could be our Ginach), only a few. By the end of the 19th century. To buy themselves such a price civil rights dared more and more intellectuals, indifferent to religion. But now even baptism did not guarantee the Jew equal opportunities with the Orthodox. Under Alexander III, the first cases were known when they were not assigned to responsible government posts, arguing that this was their origin."Revi 1850 г., декабря 20 Киевской губернии, города Радомысля"
"Revizskie skazki 1850, December 20, Kiev province, the city of Radomysl"
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Family Male Sex By the Last Of Today, Female Now
revisions number per person per person
consisted retired
and after that
arrived
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
96 Avrum Haimovich Maloratsky 24 ........................... ..... ...................40 Avrum Haimovich wife
Ester Moshkova 38
His sons
Shevel ……………………………………..... ...newborn …………………… ..............8
Morduh ………………………………………..newborn …………………… .............4
Avrum Chaymovich brother Morduh .................... 12 ……………………………. ... ....28 Morduch Haimovich wife
Ruchlya Gershkovna 28
His son Chaim …………………… .......newborn …………………… ... ...........1
Avrum Haimovich's other brother Ginakh ... ... ... 8 accepted
Christian
faith of 1842
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reference: In 1850, the 9th revision was conducted. The 10th, the last revision (referred to in the above document), was conducted in 1857-1859 According to this audit, Avrum Maloratsky (4th generation) was the son of Shmul (Shevel) in 1846, in the expanded diagram of this chapter, it was stated that Avrum (b: 1810 G.) had three sons and a daughter. Sons: Mordechai, Shevel and Shmull *).
*) The name of Shevel originated in Eastern Europe as a variant of the Tanakhic name Shaul (Saul). The name Shmull means "G-D heard ". Schmouel is one of the great prophets of the people of Israel.
Every teenager had the right to be baptized from the age of fourteen without asking for parental consent, and the law severely punished for “hindering adherence” to the Christian faith. Ginach in the year of baptism was 18 years old. Baptism has long served as a panacea for powerlessness for any Jew. However, until the 80s of the 19th century only a few were transferred to another faith (except for forcibly baptized cantonists, which could be our Ginach). It was assumed that the recruits from the Jews, divorced from their native environment, would refuse to follow the tradition and convert to Christianity. Reliefs were provided for the crosses, they received 25 rubles in silver and certain benefits as a gift. By the end of the 19th century more and more intellectuals indifferent to religion decided to buy themselves such a price. But now even baptism did not guarantee the Jew an equal opportunity with the Orthodox. Under Alexander III, the first cases are known when they were not appointed to responsible government posts, citing their origin. Even in a very prosperous history with A. Rubinshtein, we see that the composer’s fellow citizens did not in the best way pay him credit for the development of Russian music. The conservatory founded by him did not deign to bear his name. According to the Synod, in 1836 322 Jews converted to Orthodoxy, in 1846 - 1921, in 1854 - 4439: mainly due to cantonists who were drafted into the army at a young age and were baptized forcibly. During the years of the liberal rule of Alexander II, the conversion of Jews to Christianity was significantly reduced, and under Alexander III increased again: in 1886, 700 Jews converted to Orthodoxy, in 1894 - 1254. In addition to Orthodoxy, Jews accepted Catholicism, mainly in the Polish Kingdom, and protestantism.
"Revizskie skazki 1850, December 20, Kiev province, the city of Radomysl"
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Family Male Sex By the Last Of Today, Female Now
revisions number per person per person
consisted retired
and after that
arrived
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
96 Avrum Haimovich Maloratsky 24 ........................... ..... ...................40 Avrum Haimovich wife
Ester Moshkova 38
His sons
Shevel ……………………………………..... ...newborn …………………… ..............8
Morduh ………………………………………..newborn …………………… .............4
Avrum Chaymovich brother Morduh .................... 12 ……………………………. ... ....28 Morduch Haimovich wife
Ruchlya Gershkovna 28
His son Chaim …………………… .......newborn …………………… ... ...........1
Avrum Haimovich's other brother Ginakh ... ... ... 8 accepted
Christian
faith of 1842
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reference: In 1850, the 9th revision was conducted. The 10th, the last revision (referred to in the above document), was conducted in 1857-1859 According to this audit, Avrum Maloratsky (4th generation) was the son of Shmul (Shevel) in 1846, in the expanded diagram of this chapter, it was stated that Avrum (b: 1810 G.) had three sons and a daughter. Sons: Mordechai, Shevel and Shmull *).
*) The name of Shevel originated in Eastern Europe as a variant of the Tanakhic name Shaul (Saul). The name Shmull means "G-D heard ". Schmouel is one of the great prophets of the people of Israel.
Every teenager had the right to be baptized from the age of fourteen without asking for parental consent, and the law severely punished for “hindering adherence” to the Christian faith. Ginach in the year of baptism was 18 years old. Baptism has long served as a panacea for powerlessness for any Jew. However, until the 80s of the 19th century only a few were transferred to another faith (except for forcibly baptized cantonists, which could be our Ginach). It was assumed that the recruits from the Jews, divorced from their native environment, would refuse to follow the tradition and convert to Christianity. Reliefs were provided for the crosses, they received 25 rubles in silver and certain benefits as a gift. By the end of the 19th century more and more intellectuals indifferent to religion decided to buy themselves such a price. But now even baptism did not guarantee the Jew an equal opportunity with the Orthodox. Under Alexander III, the first cases are known when they were not appointed to responsible government posts, citing their origin. Even in a very prosperous history with A. Rubinshtein, we see that the composer’s fellow citizens did not in the best way pay him credit for the development of Russian music. The conservatory founded by him did not deign to bear his name. According to the Synod, in 1836 322 Jews converted to Orthodoxy, in 1846 - 1921, in 1854 - 4439: mainly due to cantonists who were drafted into the army at a young age and were baptized forcibly. During the years of the liberal rule of Alexander II, the conversion of Jews to Christianity was significantly reduced, and under Alexander III increased again: in 1886, 700 Jews converted to Orthodoxy, in 1894 - 1254. In addition to Orthodoxy, Jews accepted Catholicism, mainly in the Polish Kingdom, and protestantism.
From the archive: Radomysl, Kiev province 1834, April 17
PRINTING OF THE AUTHENTIC ARCHIVAL DOCUMENT:
1834 year April 17 of the Kiev province of Radomysl
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Family Male gender By last he philistines From that number?
Burgess of the audit were discharged
and after that arrived
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
# ? Age When? Age
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Zhurakha Shlemovich, son of Moishe Leiba newborn 3
Shlema's ? 2nd son Aron 5 21
? Shlema's 3rd son ? newborn given in recruits
1830
55 Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky 26 died in 1833
Chaim Morduchovich from his first wife sons:
Itsko 4 was recruited in 1831 22
Avrum 8
Mordechai newborn 12
Guinach newborn 8
56 Lemna Shmulevich ? 29
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As can be seen from this archival document of 1834, one of our ancestors Itsko Maloratsky (the son of Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky) was recruited in 1831 at the age of 17 years. In 1827, Jews began to call for military service (before that it was replaced by the so-called recruit tax). Jewish recruits under the age of 18 sent to schools and battalions of cantonists (кантонисты), studying in which was not counted in the 25-year period of service. The appeal quota for Jewish communities was ten recruits with one thousand men annually (for Christians - seven with one thousand a year). From the communities, in addition, they were required to pay a "penalty" number of recruits for tax arrears, for self-mutilation and escape of the draftee (two for each), and it was allowed to supplement the required number of recruits with minors. http://www.radomyshl.com/news/1372-oleksandr-pirogov-legendi-radomishlya.html
Recruitment of recruits for military service was carried out in the city of Radomysl by a recruitment presence. Hapers ("catchers") (сдатчики) walked around the city and along Rudna and caught young people aged 21-22 years. Half of those summoned escaped to the forest, where they lived 2-3 months in the summer, and when the call ended, they returned home and started their normal work. Haper took someone horrible: there were blind, lame and other non-combatants, who were enrolled in "nevrodiya" ("невродию», rus.)*). This was the name of a team of non-combatant soldiers who planted cabbage, onions, potatoes and buckwheat for the regiment in the allotted areas of the land, and also grazed a herd of pigs in the forest, in the tract of Kislitsino and in the wet Moika. Accepted and fit for military service in wooden shackles sent to Kiev.
In the book by Pohilevich L.I. "Counties of Kiev and Radomysl, 1887, Kiev" shows the following statistics: in 1848 in Radomysl lived "Jewish men 1337, women 1466, cantonists 35", i.e. one cantonist accounted for 79 souls (which is also confirmed Ilya Goldfarb), which means that the percentage of cantonists among men of the Radomysl of prescriptive age could be much higher than officially declared ("every year there are ten recruits from every thousand souls of the population") (for Christians, seven from one thousand a year later).
Cantonists, in 1805-1856 years. The name in Russia of minor soldier's sons, who were registered since birth for the military department. Cantonists, especially minors, were persuaded, and in many cases forced to convert to Christianity. Jewish Кagalas (кагалы, rus.) obliged to supply annually with ten recruits from every thousand souls of the population, whereas the norm for Orthodox was only seven people with the same thousand souls, but - every two years, that is, in general, almost three times less! If the Orthodox were "trained" in the army at the age of 18 to 25 years, then Jewish communities were allowed to replace adult men with boys from the age of 12. The wealthy Jews, who were part of the Кagal leadership, tried to save their children from service, shifting this burden, sometimes contrary to law, to families of the poor. In the Кagals, there appeared the so-called hapers ("catchers") - officials, whose duties included the search for Jews illegally residing in the township (usually the so-called "touring" - beggars or poor homeless poor people from the villages) for their subsequent recruitment . The authorities encouraged denunciation. Great-grandfather of Misha Shauli (grandson of Rachil Maloratskaya) was born Rozin, but when the place came in the queue the wealthy Zaltcman to give the Jewish boy to the army (cantonists), they paid poor Rozin, and the boy was recorded by Zaltcman.
An interesting coincidence: how the Nicholas decree allowed to take Jewish children into cantonists from the age of 12, so the Stalinist law of 1932 from that age considered the child justified. Hardly one of the ten shaved boys held out until the end of the doctrine and transition to soldier status. Children, of course, were not immediately put under "guns," but were first identified in the schools of the cantonists. They were created in 1805 as educational institutions of the lower category for soldiers' children and orphans. The boys were trained there for military service, and also taught the basics of writing, reading, counting and the Law of God (Закон Божий, rus.). Boys, torn off forever from their homes, were usually sent to remote provinces - Perm, Vyatka, Kazan, Simbirsk and beyond, where there was no Jewish population. A third of the children traveled from Ukraine to Siberia at the best, the rest died on the way, unable to endure even unreasonable pedestrian crossings for adults in the cold, in the rain, in the heat, with poor nutrition and maltreatment. Why did Nikolas need to drive the Jewish children to these schools? Far from reinforcing the Russian army: Jews for military service were considered frail, cowardly and generally unreliable. No, it was one of the crazy Nicholas ideas, in which he saw the simplest way of assimilation of Jews, or rather, their Christianization. To force an adult Jew to change his faith seemed a completely impossible task, another thing was a child.
Another version: http://samlib.ru/editors/h/hejfec_i_b/lama.shtml
"They began to take teenagers to cantonists." It would seem, what's the use of such "soldiers"? An, no, the idea was with a deep implication. "What kind of army could an empire form from a dark, illiterate people? And then you're a literate teenager who learns a lighter and tongue , and the Russian grammar, and mathematics in the frets. Really, a gift in the junior command staff. The Jewish cantonists changed the face of the army, and the government fully paid off with them for 25 years of dedicated service, presenting complete freedom in choosing a place of residence, choosing a job for each staff And all their offspring, who became the elite of the army and the new Jewish intelligentsia. "
The cantonists in the tsar's army were given the names of their commanders for simplicity of treatment. That's where the Jews with Russian surnames met: Orlova, Kozlov, Dubov, etc. On reaching the age of 18, the cantonists were transferred to soldiers - for 25 years, because the years of schooling in the military experience were not counted. Before the next set, the government assigned the required number of recruits from each community. The sergeants of the Kagal (communes) responsible for the call were bound to perform the "plan" that had been lowered from the top, or they were sent to the army for punishment. A few years later the soldiers were allowed to acquire families, they lived in the cottages in the so-called military settlements and in their spare time drilled by craft, small trade and cultivation of their tiny household plots. Families, as a rule, had many children, so the parents willingly gave their children to the official kosht**), especially the widow - yet the main occupation of the fathers was a war, from which many, of course, did not return. Jewish soldiers participated in the composition of both the Russian, and British and French armies in the Crimean War of 1853-56. (See Chapter 2 "The Vinitsky family", the father of Savva Vinitsky - Elena Malaratsky's great-grandfather was a cantonist, participant in the Russo-Turkish war).
Recruitment of recruits for military service was carried out in the city of Radomysl by a recruitment presence. Hapers ("catchers") (сдатчики) walked around the city and along Rudna and caught young people aged 21-22 years. Half of those summoned escaped to the forest, where they lived 2-3 months in the summer, and when the call ended, they returned home and started their normal work. Haper took someone horrible: there were blind, lame and other non-combatants, who were enrolled in "nevrodiya" ("невродию», rus.)*). This was the name of a team of non-combatant soldiers who planted cabbage, onions, potatoes and buckwheat for the regiment in the allotted areas of the land, and also grazed a herd of pigs in the forest, in the tract of Kislitsino and in the wet Moika. Accepted and fit for military service in wooden shackles sent to Kiev.
In the book by Pohilevich L.I. "Counties of Kiev and Radomysl, 1887, Kiev" shows the following statistics: in 1848 in Radomysl lived "Jewish men 1337, women 1466, cantonists 35", i.e. one cantonist accounted for 79 souls (which is also confirmed Ilya Goldfarb), which means that the percentage of cantonists among men of the Radomysl of prescriptive age could be much higher than officially declared ("every year there are ten recruits from every thousand souls of the population") (for Christians, seven from one thousand a year later).
Cantonists, in 1805-1856 years. The name in Russia of minor soldier's sons, who were registered since birth for the military department. Cantonists, especially minors, were persuaded, and in many cases forced to convert to Christianity. Jewish Кagalas (кагалы, rus.) obliged to supply annually with ten recruits from every thousand souls of the population, whereas the norm for Orthodox was only seven people with the same thousand souls, but - every two years, that is, in general, almost three times less! If the Orthodox were "trained" in the army at the age of 18 to 25 years, then Jewish communities were allowed to replace adult men with boys from the age of 12. The wealthy Jews, who were part of the Кagal leadership, tried to save their children from service, shifting this burden, sometimes contrary to law, to families of the poor. In the Кagals, there appeared the so-called hapers ("catchers") - officials, whose duties included the search for Jews illegally residing in the township (usually the so-called "touring" - beggars or poor homeless poor people from the villages) for their subsequent recruitment . The authorities encouraged denunciation. Great-grandfather of Misha Shauli (grandson of Rachil Maloratskaya) was born Rozin, but when the place came in the queue the wealthy Zaltcman to give the Jewish boy to the army (cantonists), they paid poor Rozin, and the boy was recorded by Zaltcman.
An interesting coincidence: how the Nicholas decree allowed to take Jewish children into cantonists from the age of 12, so the Stalinist law of 1932 from that age considered the child justified. Hardly one of the ten shaved boys held out until the end of the doctrine and transition to soldier status. Children, of course, were not immediately put under "guns," but were first identified in the schools of the cantonists. They were created in 1805 as educational institutions of the lower category for soldiers' children and orphans. The boys were trained there for military service, and also taught the basics of writing, reading, counting and the Law of God (Закон Божий, rus.). Boys, torn off forever from their homes, were usually sent to remote provinces - Perm, Vyatka, Kazan, Simbirsk and beyond, where there was no Jewish population. A third of the children traveled from Ukraine to Siberia at the best, the rest died on the way, unable to endure even unreasonable pedestrian crossings for adults in the cold, in the rain, in the heat, with poor nutrition and maltreatment. Why did Nikolas need to drive the Jewish children to these schools? Far from reinforcing the Russian army: Jews for military service were considered frail, cowardly and generally unreliable. No, it was one of the crazy Nicholas ideas, in which he saw the simplest way of assimilation of Jews, or rather, their Christianization. To force an adult Jew to change his faith seemed a completely impossible task, another thing was a child.
Another version: http://samlib.ru/editors/h/hejfec_i_b/lama.shtml
"They began to take teenagers to cantonists." It would seem, what's the use of such "soldiers"? An, no, the idea was with a deep implication. "What kind of army could an empire form from a dark, illiterate people? And then you're a literate teenager who learns a lighter and tongue , and the Russian grammar, and mathematics in the frets. Really, a gift in the junior command staff. The Jewish cantonists changed the face of the army, and the government fully paid off with them for 25 years of dedicated service, presenting complete freedom in choosing a place of residence, choosing a job for each staff And all their offspring, who became the elite of the army and the new Jewish intelligentsia. "
The cantonists in the tsar's army were given the names of their commanders for simplicity of treatment. That's where the Jews with Russian surnames met: Orlova, Kozlov, Dubov, etc. On reaching the age of 18, the cantonists were transferred to soldiers - for 25 years, because the years of schooling in the military experience were not counted. Before the next set, the government assigned the required number of recruits from each community. The sergeants of the Kagal (communes) responsible for the call were bound to perform the "plan" that had been lowered from the top, or they were sent to the army for punishment. A few years later the soldiers were allowed to acquire families, they lived in the cottages in the so-called military settlements and in their spare time drilled by craft, small trade and cultivation of their tiny household plots. Families, as a rule, had many children, so the parents willingly gave their children to the official kosht**), especially the widow - yet the main occupation of the fathers was a war, from which many, of course, did not return. Jewish soldiers participated in the composition of both the Russian, and British and French armies in the Crimean War of 1853-56. (See Chapter 2 "The Vinitsky family", the father of Savva Vinitsky - Elena Malaratsky's great-grandfather was a cantonist, participant in the Russo-Turkish war).
*) According to the original popular expression, "by neurodiya" (that is, in the words of the law, "not like prisoners").
**) Kosht - (Polish, spoiled German Kost costs). Dependency, expenditure, the amount assigned to anything known.
N. Leskov "Jews of Russia" http://az.lib.ru/l/leskow_n_s/text_0142.shtml:
“A Jew is capable of the highest patriotic sacrifice in complicity with alien people, among whom he lives. It is only necessary that he should not be offended by them offensively. We think that it would be no different than a Jew in Russia would be on the side of Russian patriotism, if the latter in its extreme manifestations sometimes did not suffer from that offensive intolerance, which, on the one hand, is offensive to every foreign subject, and on the other - completely useless and even harmful in the state. How such tactlessness comes to is evident from this. that when, recently, one of the Jewish bodies leaving in Russia tried to present a number of essays testifying to the courage and loyalty to the duty of military honor of Russian soldiers from Jews in Russian wars, this was greeted with derision. In the same way, it is met with ridicule and much more from those Jews who cling to the Russians with their friendliness and are ready to merge with them as closely as possible in everything. There are many such Jews, and who do not know them. If there are Jews who do not like Russia, then this is understandable: it is difficult to burn with love for those who constantly repel you. It is difficult to serve such a country, which, while calling on Jews to serve, has already predetermined ahead that their ministry is useless, and the merits and death of a Jew in the military field are not worth even a good word ... However, let's be surprised: the offended Russian Jews have no such feelings. Let Russia today treat them as a mother, and not as a stepmother, and today they are ready to forget everything that they have undergone in their difficult past and will be good sons to her. "
http://forum.genoua.name/viewtopic.php?id=1784
"According to the Hasidic legend, it is confirmed by indirect documentary sources, the message about the imminent introduction of recruitment duty was perceived by the Jews as a punishment of the Lord. Only the tzaddik, direct descendants or disciples of the founder of Hasiddism Baal Shem Tov, were able to avert the wrath of God (Israel ben Eliezer, ok 1699-1760), and even then not to everyone, but only to the most influential, popular among the people, known for his ability to wrestle the national white lines with intercession before the Almighty. Legend says that in the mid-1820s The petitioners rushed to the Hasidic tsadik Abraham Yehoshua Heschel (nicknamed Apter Rebbe), who settled in Medzhibozh, a Polish town, in his declining years, where he spent twenty years of his life Baal Shem Comrade. the station, the second one expelling the Jews from the villages, and finally the third about the recruitment service, the rumor about which spread with lightning speed. Rabbi Heschel, as if repeating the events described in the book of Esther, put a post and repentance on the Jewish communities ( several cities, among them Berdichev and Bar, considered compulsory penance), and he himself, either as a sovereign-importer, Either as the Most High (here the story acquires an absolutely legendary character), sat in an elevated chair and suggested to the Jews, , make their requests, as follow pugovarivayut him, maybe they will be able to persuade him in their favor. After listening to the arguments of the intercessors, Rabbi Heschel summed up: I’m canceling the ban on renting postal stations, I’m canceling evictions from villages, but I cannot cancel the recruitment, this is beyond my strength ...
The informers of the gendarmes corps reported that as early as the spring of 1827, the Jewish communities imposed a strict post on themselves, and after the publication of the manifesto on introducing recruitment, they organized prayers at cemeteries, called upon the souls of the righteous to intercede for them before the Almighty, blew the horn, calling for repentance and repentance - it was a sure way to convince the higher spiritual authority that the “gzeiro” (decree-punishment) should be abolished ”.
**) Kosht - (Polish, spoiled German Kost costs). Dependency, expenditure, the amount assigned to anything known.
N. Leskov "Jews of Russia" http://az.lib.ru/l/leskow_n_s/text_0142.shtml:
“A Jew is capable of the highest patriotic sacrifice in complicity with alien people, among whom he lives. It is only necessary that he should not be offended by them offensively. We think that it would be no different than a Jew in Russia would be on the side of Russian patriotism, if the latter in its extreme manifestations sometimes did not suffer from that offensive intolerance, which, on the one hand, is offensive to every foreign subject, and on the other - completely useless and even harmful in the state. How such tactlessness comes to is evident from this. that when, recently, one of the Jewish bodies leaving in Russia tried to present a number of essays testifying to the courage and loyalty to the duty of military honor of Russian soldiers from Jews in Russian wars, this was greeted with derision. In the same way, it is met with ridicule and much more from those Jews who cling to the Russians with their friendliness and are ready to merge with them as closely as possible in everything. There are many such Jews, and who do not know them. If there are Jews who do not like Russia, then this is understandable: it is difficult to burn with love for those who constantly repel you. It is difficult to serve such a country, which, while calling on Jews to serve, has already predetermined ahead that their ministry is useless, and the merits and death of a Jew in the military field are not worth even a good word ... However, let's be surprised: the offended Russian Jews have no such feelings. Let Russia today treat them as a mother, and not as a stepmother, and today they are ready to forget everything that they have undergone in their difficult past and will be good sons to her. "
http://forum.genoua.name/viewtopic.php?id=1784
"According to the Hasidic legend, it is confirmed by indirect documentary sources, the message about the imminent introduction of recruitment duty was perceived by the Jews as a punishment of the Lord. Only the tzaddik, direct descendants or disciples of the founder of Hasiddism Baal Shem Tov, were able to avert the wrath of God (Israel ben Eliezer, ok 1699-1760), and even then not to everyone, but only to the most influential, popular among the people, known for his ability to wrestle the national white lines with intercession before the Almighty. Legend says that in the mid-1820s The petitioners rushed to the Hasidic tsadik Abraham Yehoshua Heschel (nicknamed Apter Rebbe), who settled in Medzhibozh, a Polish town, in his declining years, where he spent twenty years of his life Baal Shem Comrade. the station, the second one expelling the Jews from the villages, and finally the third about the recruitment service, the rumor about which spread with lightning speed. Rabbi Heschel, as if repeating the events described in the book of Esther, put a post and repentance on the Jewish communities ( several cities, among them Berdichev and Bar, considered compulsory penance), and he himself, either as a sovereign-importer, Either as the Most High (here the story acquires an absolutely legendary character), sat in an elevated chair and suggested to the Jews, , make their requests, as follow pugovarivayut him, maybe they will be able to persuade him in their favor. After listening to the arguments of the intercessors, Rabbi Heschel summed up: I’m canceling the ban on renting postal stations, I’m canceling evictions from villages, but I cannot cancel the recruitment, this is beyond my strength ...
The informers of the gendarmes corps reported that as early as the spring of 1827, the Jewish communities imposed a strict post on themselves, and after the publication of the manifesto on introducing recruitment, they organized prayers at cemeteries, called upon the souls of the righteous to intercede for them before the Almighty, blew the horn, calling for repentance and repentance - it was a sure way to convince the higher spiritual authority that the “gzeiro” (decree-punishment) should be abolished ”.
Military Statistical Review of the Russian Empire of 1848:
1-th - 5-th generation of Maloratsky:
Mordechai Shlomovich and his family
Mordechai Shlomovich (1753 - 1815), wife Genya (1760 - 1814); place of residence - Malaya Racha, and then Radomysl; occupation - tavern (in Malaya Racha). Before 1805, it was without surname, and then acquired the surname Maloratsky.
Parents (prospective):
Father:
Shloma Abramovich (b.1730, Ostrog);
Mother:
Genia (b.1760 p., Ostrog)
Sons:
Shlomo Morduchovich: (1777 - 1813), (apparently the eldest son was named after the deceased grandfather); his son Haskel (or Chaim?) (1801-1813); place of residence - the village Dubovik; occupation Shlomo - korchmar. Until 1808, it was without surname, and then moved from the village of Dubovik to Malin and acquired the surname Radomyslsky*).
Moshko Morduchovich: (born in 1780), his wife Sura (born in 1781); their son Abramko Moshkovich (b.1800) (apparently named after his great-grandfather Abram (father Shlomo). He lived with his father in Malaya Racha and co-owned the tavern until 1808. He was without surname, and then moved from Malaya Racha to Malin and got the surname Radomyslsky*).
Chaim Morduchovich (1791 - 1833); is a direct ancestor of our branch of the Maloratsky; wife Maryem (1790 - 1829), second wife Dina; children: Ginach (b.1826) (adopted the Christian faith in 1842), Itzko (b.1814) (was recruited at the age of 17), Avrum (b.1810), Mordechai (b.1822) (is the direct ancestor of our Maloratsky branch) (named after the grandfather of Mordechai Shlomovich), Feiga (b. 1832 from the second marriage). Chaim lived with his father in Malaya Racha until 1808. He was without surname, and then moved with his father from Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky.
Avrum Morduchovich (1795 - 1818) (Avrum was named after his great-grandfather who died by that time - Abram); wife Ita (b.1796); son Shmul (b.1816); daughter of Chaya Tsivia (b.1812); Avrum was without surname, and then in 1808 he moved with his father from Malaya Racha in Radomysl and acquired the name Maloratsky.
Daughter:
Pesya (b.1781); her husband, Shlomo (b.1780) (Mordechai's son-in-law); the daughter of Hana (b.1795); She lived with her father in Malaya Racha.
*) See Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816, Malin market town, # 19 and # 24. Members of the same family from Malaya Racha adopted different surnames: Maloratsky and Radomyslsky.
According to the archival document https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10OzYZKyRvokbgDNwMj5iR-XozDbyX8yI Moses Yankel Chaimovich Radomyslsky (7th generation), most likely, was the heir of Moshko Morduhovich Radomyslsky (3rd generation) ):
Mordechai Shlomovich (1753 - 1815), wife Genya (1760 - 1814); place of residence - Malaya Racha, and then Radomysl; occupation - tavern (in Malaya Racha). Before 1805, it was without surname, and then acquired the surname Maloratsky.
Parents (prospective):
Father:
Shloma Abramovich (b.1730, Ostrog);
Mother:
Genia (b.1760 p., Ostrog)
Sons:
Shlomo Morduchovich: (1777 - 1813), (apparently the eldest son was named after the deceased grandfather); his son Haskel (or Chaim?) (1801-1813); place of residence - the village Dubovik; occupation Shlomo - korchmar. Until 1808, it was without surname, and then moved from the village of Dubovik to Malin and acquired the surname Radomyslsky*).
Moshko Morduchovich: (born in 1780), his wife Sura (born in 1781); their son Abramko Moshkovich (b.1800) (apparently named after his great-grandfather Abram (father Shlomo). He lived with his father in Malaya Racha and co-owned the tavern until 1808. He was without surname, and then moved from Malaya Racha to Malin and got the surname Radomyslsky*).
Chaim Morduchovich (1791 - 1833); is a direct ancestor of our branch of the Maloratsky; wife Maryem (1790 - 1829), second wife Dina; children: Ginach (b.1826) (adopted the Christian faith in 1842), Itzko (b.1814) (was recruited at the age of 17), Avrum (b.1810), Mordechai (b.1822) (is the direct ancestor of our Maloratsky branch) (named after the grandfather of Mordechai Shlomovich), Feiga (b. 1832 from the second marriage). Chaim lived with his father in Malaya Racha until 1808. He was without surname, and then moved with his father from Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky.
Avrum Morduchovich (1795 - 1818) (Avrum was named after his great-grandfather who died by that time - Abram); wife Ita (b.1796); son Shmul (b.1816); daughter of Chaya Tsivia (b.1812); Avrum was without surname, and then in 1808 he moved with his father from Malaya Racha in Radomysl and acquired the name Maloratsky.
Daughter:
Pesya (b.1781); her husband, Shlomo (b.1780) (Mordechai's son-in-law); the daughter of Hana (b.1795); She lived with her father in Malaya Racha.
*) See Revizskie skazki of Radomysl district in 1816, Malin market town, # 19 and # 24. Members of the same family from Malaya Racha adopted different surnames: Maloratsky and Radomyslsky.
According to the archival document https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10OzYZKyRvokbgDNwMj5iR-XozDbyX8yI Moses Yankel Chaimovich Radomyslsky (7th generation), most likely, was the heir of Moshko Morduhovich Radomyslsky (3rd generation) ):
Diagram of a branch of one of our ancestors, Moshko Morduchovich, who took the surname Radomyslsky, and not Maloratsky:
C
The document below refers to Khaim Radomyslsky and shows that he came from Malin to America (Ellis Island) in 1913 at the age of 27 years (1886, 1998.). He is likely to be the son of Moisey Jankel Hamimovich Radomyslsky (Rozh. 1866). Thus, Chaim (on the patronymic, most likely, Moiseyevich or Moshkovich) Radotmyslky from a sort Maloratsky has appeared in America in 1913 before it in America from Malaratsky have immigrated some families Maloratsky in 1907-1910 (see below).
Https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3ARadomyslsky ~
Chaim Radomyslsky
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Name KChaim Radomyslsky
Event Type Immigration
Event Date 29 Sep 1913
Event Place Ellis Island, New York City, New York, United States
Residence Place Malin, Russia
Gender Male
Age 27
Marital Status Married
Nationality Russia, Hebrew
Birth Year 1886
Departure Port Bremen
Ship Name George Washington
Additional Name Rickel
Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky, Radomysl 1904-1906 Marriages Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 561
The document below refers to Khaim Radomyslsky and shows that he came from Malin to America (Ellis Island) in 1913 at the age of 27 years (1886, 1998.). He is likely to be the son of Moisey Jankel Hamimovich Radomyslsky (Rozh. 1866). Thus, Chaim (on the patronymic, most likely, Moiseyevich or Moshkovich) Radotmyslky from a sort Maloratsky has appeared in America in 1913 before it in America from Malaratsky have immigrated some families Maloratsky in 1907-1910 (see below).
Https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3ARadomyslsky ~
Chaim Radomyslsky
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Name KChaim Radomyslsky
Event Type Immigration
Event Date 29 Sep 1913
Event Place Ellis Island, New York City, New York, United States
Residence Place Malin, Russia
Gender Male
Age 27
Marital Status Married
Nationality Russia, Hebrew
Birth Year 1886
Departure Port Bremen
Ship Name George Washington
Additional Name Rickel
Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky, Radomysl 1904-1906 Marriages Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 561
1904. Widower Shlomo Avrumovich Radomyslsky, 36 years old (b.1868), entered into a second marriage with a girl from Zytomyr bourgeois Zisel Belka Fivesh ... 25 years old (b.1879).
After three sections of Poland, our ancestors found themselves in the Volyn and Kiev provinces. On the map below in 1858 (found by I. Goldfarb), black rectangles show the places of Jewish settlement in these and other provinces. In particular, Radomysl, belonging to the Kiev province, where there was a significant number of our ancestors, was noted *).
Original map: http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/maloross1913/78480093/86975/86975_original.jpg
Original map: http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/maloross1913/78480093/86975/86975_original.jpg
*) The absolute number of the Jewish population in the first place was Kiev Province - 427,863 Jews.
As a result of the second and third sections of Poland (1793, 1795), new territories with a significant Jewish population were transferred to Russia. On June 13, 1794, Catherine II, at first, was liberal — in her decrees she wrote not “Jews”, as was customary before her, but “Jews”, but at the same time recognized equality before the law, issued passports and allowed to be registered in the merchant class. But then, under the pressure of Moscow merchants who could not withstand the competition, they expelled Jewish merchants from Moscow. And in 1794, she issued a decree on the Pale of Settlement for Jews. This feature persisted until 1917 in different variations. Catherine II issued a decree that listed the territories where Jews were allowed to reside permanently: Minsk, Izyaslavskaya (later Volyn), Bratslavskaya (Podolskaya; see Podolia), Polotsk (Vitebsk), Mogilev, Kiev, Chernigov, Novgorod-Siversky province , Yekaterinoslav governorship and the Tauride region. After the third division of Poland, two new provinces were formed from the lands annexed to Russia: Vilna and Grodno, where Jews were allowed to live. But since the early 1820s. Judeophobic tendencies intensified in the policy of the ruling circles of Russia, and the Pale of Settlement began to decline gradually. Despite such obvious economic harm for both Jews and the Christian population, during the reign of Nicholas I (1825–55), more and more new places were taken out of the territory of the Russian Empire where Jews were allowed to live permanently. Such a policy was determined by the personal anti-Semitism of Nicholas I and his entourage. The very notion of a “Pale of Settlement” appeared in the years of the reign of Nicholas I. The Pale of Settlement was one of the main tools of the Russian government in its policy towards the Jewish population: they tried to limit the contact of the Jewish population with Christians and prevent Jews in the internal provinces of Russia , to isolate them from the peasants (in whose operation, according to the Russian authorities, the Jews were guilty).
As a result of the second and third sections of Poland (1793, 1795), new territories with a significant Jewish population were transferred to Russia. On June 13, 1794, Catherine II, at first, was liberal — in her decrees she wrote not “Jews”, as was customary before her, but “Jews”, but at the same time recognized equality before the law, issued passports and allowed to be registered in the merchant class. But then, under the pressure of Moscow merchants who could not withstand the competition, they expelled Jewish merchants from Moscow. And in 1794, she issued a decree on the Pale of Settlement for Jews. This feature persisted until 1917 in different variations. Catherine II issued a decree that listed the territories where Jews were allowed to reside permanently: Minsk, Izyaslavskaya (later Volyn), Bratslavskaya (Podolskaya; see Podolia), Polotsk (Vitebsk), Mogilev, Kiev, Chernigov, Novgorod-Siversky province , Yekaterinoslav governorship and the Tauride region. After the third division of Poland, two new provinces were formed from the lands annexed to Russia: Vilna and Grodno, where Jews were allowed to live. But since the early 1820s. Judeophobic tendencies intensified in the policy of the ruling circles of Russia, and the Pale of Settlement began to decline gradually. Despite such obvious economic harm for both Jews and the Christian population, during the reign of Nicholas I (1825–55), more and more new places were taken out of the territory of the Russian Empire where Jews were allowed to live permanently. Such a policy was determined by the personal anti-Semitism of Nicholas I and his entourage. The very notion of a “Pale of Settlement” appeared in the years of the reign of Nicholas I. The Pale of Settlement was one of the main tools of the Russian government in its policy towards the Jewish population: they tried to limit the contact of the Jewish population with Christians and prevent Jews in the internal provinces of Russia , to isolate them from the peasants (in whose operation, according to the Russian authorities, the Jews were guilty).
4. 6-th - 7-th generations of Maloratsky 1870 - 1930
- On January 28, 1897, the first general census of the population was carried out in the Russian Empire - in the provinces and districts of European Russia, the Kingdom of Poland, the Caucasus, Siberia and Central Asia. The census counted that day more than five million Jews / the exact figure was 5189401 /: this accounted for 4.13% of the total population of the Russian Empire and about half of the total number of Jews in the whole world. The overwhelming majority of Russian Jews (93.9%) lived in fifteen provinces of the Pale of Settlement in the Kingdom of Poland, and outside the line — 43,14765 people. The census also determined that persons of the Jewish religion in their number ranked fourth in the Russian Empire - after the Orthodox, Muslims and Catholics. The absolute number of the Jewish population in the first place was Kiev province - 427,863 Jews. Over 19th century The Jewish population of the Russian Empire has grown 6 times.
The code of the country divided the entire population into three categories: natural inhabitants, foreigners and foreigners. Foreigners were divided into a separate group due to the special conditions of their life, and this category included mainly “nomadic and roving” peoples on the outskirts of the empire: Kalmyks, Kirghiz, “Samoyeds of the northern tundras”, and also small peoples of Siberia and steppe regions of the Urals, Ciscaucasia and Central Asia. Jews also fell into the category of foreigners - also because of the special conditions of their life. Only in relation to the Jews there were laws, additions to the laws, ministerial circulars and explanations of the Senate, which dictated to them - how to live, how to mix, and much more. Anti-Jewish legislation grew unusually in the 19th century, became incredibly confusing and difficult to use, and therefore, in practice, it was most often guided by the simplest principle: everything that was allowed to other subjects was forbidden to Jews, if in each case there was no special permission . In other words: for any citizen of Russia everything was permitted - except that the law prohibited him, and for the Jew everything was prohibited - except that the law allowed him.
Existing legislation singled out to the Jewish population of the ghetto under the name “a feature of permanent Jewish settlement”. This feature included the territory of the Kingdom of Poland, as well as fifteen western provinces of the Russian Empire: Bessarabian, Vilna, Vitebsk, Volyn, Grodno, Ekaterinoslav, Kiev / except Kiev /, Kovno, Minsk, Mogilev, Podolsk, Poltava, Taurian / except Kherson and Chernigov. http://www.istok.ru/library/206-ocherki-vremen-i-sobytiy-3-chast-tretya-s-1882-po-1920-god.html
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-500009/frida-vodotinskaya-born-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
One of the branches of the Maloratsky family is described below - the branch of Avrum Maloratsky (b. 1810). Avrum Chaimovich Maloratsky was the brother of Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky (b. 1822) - the ancestor of our family in the 4th generation.
Avrum MALORATSKY 1810–1871 BIRTH 1810 • ? DEATH BEF. 1871 •
wife Ester LIBA BIRTH 1814?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Children: Chaya Tzivia MALORAT BIRTH 1833 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?evel MALORATSKY842–
Chevel Maloratsky BIRTH 1842 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Shmul MALORATSKY 1848–BIRTH DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Mordechai MALORATSKY BIRTH 1846 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
...wife Mania (Mollie) ??BIRTH UNKNOWN • ?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Children: Aron MALORATSKY 1870–BIRTH 1870 • ? DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Nusin MALORATSKY1871–BIRTH 1871 • ?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Avrum (Abraham Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY 1871–1920
Samiel (Shlayma) (Miller) MALORATSKY1875–
Frida MALORATSY1879–1936
Ruvin (Rubin Miller) MALORATSKY1884–1975 BIRTH 5/JUL/1884 • Radomyshl,
Ukraine DEATH 27/MAR/1975 • Philadelphia, PA
Elka MALORATSKY1889–
Tillie (Miller) MALORATSKY 1894–1966 BIRTH ABT 1894 • Zhitomir, Ukraine DEATH 27/JAN/1966 • Philadelphia, PA
Shlomo MALORATSKY BIRTH UNKNOWN • ? DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-501537/avrum-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Avrum Maloratsky
Birth Circa 1810
Family members:
son Shmul Avrumovich MALORATSKY:
One of the branches of the Maloratsky family is described below - the branch of Avrum Maloratsky (b. 1810). Avrum Chaimovich Maloratsky was the brother of Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky (b. 1822) - the ancestor of our family in the 4th generation.
Avrum MALORATSKY 1810–1871 BIRTH 1810 • ? DEATH BEF. 1871 •
wife Ester LIBA BIRTH 1814?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Children: Chaya Tzivia MALORAT BIRTH 1833 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?evel MALORATSKY842–
Chevel Maloratsky BIRTH 1842 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Shmul MALORATSKY 1848–BIRTH DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Mordechai MALORATSKY BIRTH 1846 • Radomyshl, Ukraine DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
...wife Mania (Mollie) ??BIRTH UNKNOWN • ?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Children: Aron MALORATSKY 1870–BIRTH 1870 • ? DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Nusin MALORATSKY1871–BIRTH 1871 • ?DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
Avrum (Abraham Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY 1871–1920
Samiel (Shlayma) (Miller) MALORATSKY1875–
Frida MALORATSY1879–1936
Ruvin (Rubin Miller) MALORATSKY1884–1975 BIRTH 5/JUL/1884 • Radomyshl,
Ukraine DEATH 27/MAR/1975 • Philadelphia, PA
Elka MALORATSKY1889–
Tillie (Miller) MALORATSKY 1894–1966 BIRTH ABT 1894 • Zhitomir, Ukraine DEATH 27/JAN/1966 • Philadelphia, PA
Shlomo MALORATSKY BIRTH UNKNOWN • ? DEATH UNKNOWN • ?
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-501537/avrum-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Avrum Maloratsky
Birth Circa 1810
Family members:
son Shmul Avrumovich MALORATSKY:
KIEV DISTRICT Living in villages 1882 GAKO, fund 1260, inventory 1, file 8 the village of Zaborye Registration lists of the petty bourgeois Jews who settled in the Kiev district before 1882:
11. Shmul Avrumovich Maloratsky, 34 (b.1848)
... Chasya, 33 (b.1849)
... Avrum 6 y (b.1876)
... Mot 4 years old (b.1878)
...Rynya 10 y (b.1872)
... Feiga 1/2 year (b.1882)
Note: Mot = Motya (MORTKHE) = Mordechai Rynya = Rysya (RIFKE)
... Chasya, 33 (b.1849)
... Avrum 6 y (b.1876)
... Mot 4 years old (b.1878)
...Rynya 10 y (b.1872)
... Feiga 1/2 year (b.1882)
Note: Mot = Motya (MORTKHE) = Mordechai Rynya = Rysya (RIFKE)
Place of residence of Shmul Avrumovich Maloratsky and his family: the village of Zabore, Glevakhsk volost, Kyiv district.
Zabore, a former state village, by the river Bobrytsia, 136 households, 579 inhabitants, Orthodox church, drinking house, 3 shops (List of settlements in the Kyiv province of 1900) https://familio.org/settlements/b55766a2-e57d-4289-81df-e10819a43e24
Glevakhsk, a former state village, near the Shiyanka River, 180 households, 1400 inhabitants, volost government (county town 20 versts away), 2 Orthodox churches, 3 drinking houses, 3 shops. At 5 versts is the railway station Boyarka. Vetlyanskaya postal station is 7 versts away. At 12 versts is the Vasilkov railway station.
Zabore, a former state village, by the river Bobrytsia, 136 households, 579 inhabitants, Orthodox church, drinking house, 3 shops (List of settlements in the Kyiv province of 1900) https://familio.org/settlements/b55766a2-e57d-4289-81df-e10819a43e24
Glevakhsk, a former state village, near the Shiyanka River, 180 households, 1400 inhabitants, volost government (county town 20 versts away), 2 Orthodox churches, 3 drinking houses, 3 shops. At 5 versts is the railway station Boyarka. Vetlyanskaya postal station is 7 versts away. At 12 versts is the Vasilkov railway station.
Son of Mordechai (Morduch / Mottel) Maloratsky
1846 - ?
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-500128/mordechai-mordukh-mottel-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky
Birth 1846
Family members
Father Avrum Maloratsky
1810 - ?
Prepared by Howard Levin:
...2 Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky b.1846
......3 Avrum (Abraham Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 27 Sep 1874 in Korostyshiv, Ukraine, d: Aft. Feb 1920 in U.S
+ Chasia (Ida Miller) Rosenberg b: Abt 1875
..........4 Gutman-Leib (Louis Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b:7 Jun 1895 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d:19. Oct 1958 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Sophie Abelove b: 8. Mar 1896 in Russian Empire, d: 13 Sep 1966 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Rivka (Rebecca Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 5 Feb 1900 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d: Unknown in U.S.
..........4 Ruchla (Rose Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 29 Dec 1902 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d: Aft. 1940 in U.S.
+ Samuel Goldstein b: 9 Nov 1902 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Aft. 1940 in ?
..........4 Leah (Lena Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 26 Apr 1903 in Russian Empire, d: 31 Mar 1986 in Wyncote, PA
+ Morris Waldman b: 22 Jun 1902 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Jun 1968 in Abington Twp., PA
.....3 Schlojme (Samuel) (Samiel) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 25 Dec 1875 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in Philadelphia, PA
+ Henia (aka Anna) Goldfarb b: 14 Jan 1874 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in U.S.A.
.........4 Ruchel (Rose) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 25 May 1896 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 29 Apr 1950 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Harry Tabachnick b: 8 Jun 1884 in Berdichev, Ukraine, d: 1950 in Ukraine
.........4 Leib (Louis) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 12 Nov 1900
.........4 Ester MALORATSKY b: 31 Aug 1901 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Itzik (Isidore) (Irvng Miller) (Müller) MALORATSKY b: 3 Mar 1904 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Jan 1995 in Cherry Hill, NJ
+ Esther Feld b: 13. Oct 1907 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 5 Jan 2002 in Cherry Hill, NJ
.........4 Elia (Alexander) (Aleck) ((Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 27 Aug 1907 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 28 Jan 1991 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Cecelia Zacharias b: 3. Aug 1911 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Unknown in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Mania (Mollie) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 10 Feb 1910 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d:19 Jan 1986 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Samuel (Cy) (Robbins) Gerowitz b: 2 Sep 1906 in Phildelphia, PA, d: May 1984 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Brucha (Beckie) (Betty Miller) (Müller) MALORATSKY b: 10 Feb 1910 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 8 Feb 2000 in Springfield, PA
+ Benjamin (Benzion Mitkowa) Metcoff b: 7 Jan 1907 in Cherkasy, Ukraine, d: 12 Nov 1968 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Dobrysch (Dora) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b:15 Jun 1912 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 22 Aug 2007 in Rockville, MD
+ Raymond Zacharias b: 3. Aug 1911 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 21 Jan 1955 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Rebecca (Reba) (Eva) MILLER b: 19. Oct 1916 in Philadelphia, PA d:21 Dec 1994 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Philip Roffman b: 29. Jan 1920 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 23 Apr 2004 in San Diego, CA
.....3 Frida MALORATSKY b: Bet. 1878–1882 in Potiyevka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1936 in Malin, Ukraine
+ Moshe (Moisey) Vodotynsky b: Unknown in ?, d: 1933 in ?
.........4 Dora VODOTINSKY b: 1900 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Solomon VODOTINSKY b: 1901 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Ida VODOTYNKY b: 1907 in ?, d: Dec 1989 in Kiev, Ukraine
+ Ilya Ovrutsky b: 1903 in Potievka, Ukraine, d: 1941 in Babi Yar, Ukraine
.........4 Max VODOTYNSKY b: 1910 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Avrum VODOTYNSKY b: 1911 in Potievka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1944 in Shalderi, Valkas, Latvia; (Military Service)
+ Rikva (Riva) Koganovsky b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Etya (Betya?) VODOTYNSKY b: Abt 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ? b: Unknown in ?
.........4 Lev VODOTYNSKY b: 5 May 1916 in Malin, Ukraine, d: 15 Dec 1997 in NYC
+ Voma Verbitsky b: 25 Aug 1921 in Poltava, (Ukraine) Soviet Union d: 24 Jan 1994 in Brooklyn, NY
.....3 Ruvin (Rubin Miller) MALORATSKY b: 16 Jul 1884 in Radomyshl, Ukraine, d: 27 Mar 1975 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Rose "Rossi" Resnick b: 3 Jan 1883 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 28 Jan 1966 in Norristown, PA
..........4 Minnie (Mary) MiILLER b: 12 Feb 1908 in Norristown, PA, d: 28 Jul 1998 in Haverford, PA
+ Abraham (Edward) Mutshnick b: 14 Feb 1891 in Berdichev, Ukraine, d: 25 Sep 1954 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Lewis (Leon) MILLER b: 8 Sep 1909 in Norristown, PA, d: 9 Feb 1998 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Frances Heffler b: 3 Jan 1921 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 8 Mar 2010 in Boca Raton, FL
...........4 David MILLER b: 3 Aug 1912 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 25 Jul 1923 in Philadelphia, PA
...........4 Frank MILLER b: 15 Dec 1914 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 26 Aug 2019 in Blue Bell, PA
+ Betty Elfonte b: 20 Jan 1922 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 11 Jan 2013 in Blue Bell, PA
...........4 Isadore (aka Jack) MILLER b: 29 Jul 1917 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 31 May 1986 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Shirley Weil b: 10 Mar 1926 in Bronx, NY, d: 14 Jul 2007 in Philadelphia, PA
...........4 Samuel MILLER b: 21 Oct 1927 in Norristown, PA, d: 25 Oct 1979 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Barbara (Bobbie) Virshup b: 9 Oct 1932 in Camden, NJ, d: 28 Jun 2020 in Warminster, PA
.....3 Elka MALORATSKY b: 1889 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Moshe Rusanovsky b: 1878 in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
..........4 Child "A" RUSANOVSKY b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
..........4 Child "B" RUSANOVSKY b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
......3 Tillie (Miller) MALORATSKY b: Abt 1894 in Zhitomir, Ukraine d: 27 Jan 1966 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Morris Hantman b: 8 Sep 1889 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 11 Dec 1972 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Milton HANTMAN b: 6 Sep 1915 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 27 Jun 2006 in Silver Spring, MD
+ Gladyce Borofsky b: 18 Aug 1921 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Aug 2011 in Silver Spring, MD
...........4 Selma HANTMAN b: 3 Jun 1919 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Jun 2012 in Vorhees, NJ
+ Albert Kanefsky b: 28 Dec 1917 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Apr 2011 in Vorhees, NJ
...........4 Elsie HANTMAN b: 8 Jan 1920 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 20 Mar 2003 in ?
+ Samuel Green b: 1 Apr 1919 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 23 Feb 2012 in Philadelphia, PA
Daughter Frida Vodotinskaya (born Maloratsky)
1878-1882 -1936
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-500009/frida-vodotinskaya-born-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Frida Vodotinskaya (born Maloratsky)
Born Malyn, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine
Death 1936
Family members
Father Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky 1846 - ?
Husband Moshe (Moisey) Vodotinsky ? - 1933
Children Dora Vodotinskaya 1900 - ?
Ida Ovrutskaya (born Vodotinskaya) 1906 - 1989
Avram Vodotinsky 1911 - 1944
Lev Vodotynsky 1918 - 1997
1846 - ?
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-500128/mordechai-mordukh-mottel-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky
Birth 1846
Family members
Father Avrum Maloratsky
1810 - ?
Prepared by Howard Levin:
...2 Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky b.1846
......3 Avrum (Abraham Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 27 Sep 1874 in Korostyshiv, Ukraine, d: Aft. Feb 1920 in U.S
+ Chasia (Ida Miller) Rosenberg b: Abt 1875
..........4 Gutman-Leib (Louis Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b:7 Jun 1895 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d:19. Oct 1958 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Sophie Abelove b: 8. Mar 1896 in Russian Empire, d: 13 Sep 1966 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Rivka (Rebecca Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 5 Feb 1900 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d: Unknown in U.S.
..........4 Ruchla (Rose Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 29 Dec 1902 in Korostyshev, Ukraine, d: Aft. 1940 in U.S.
+ Samuel Goldstein b: 9 Nov 1902 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Aft. 1940 in ?
..........4 Leah (Lena Miller) (Malerodski) MALORATSKY b: 26 Apr 1903 in Russian Empire, d: 31 Mar 1986 in Wyncote, PA
+ Morris Waldman b: 22 Jun 1902 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Jun 1968 in Abington Twp., PA
.....3 Schlojme (Samuel) (Samiel) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 25 Dec 1875 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in Philadelphia, PA
+ Henia (aka Anna) Goldfarb b: 14 Jan 1874 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in U.S.A.
.........4 Ruchel (Rose) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 25 May 1896 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 29 Apr 1950 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Harry Tabachnick b: 8 Jun 1884 in Berdichev, Ukraine, d: 1950 in Ukraine
.........4 Leib (Louis) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 12 Nov 1900
.........4 Ester MALORATSKY b: 31 Aug 1901 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Itzik (Isidore) (Irvng Miller) (Müller) MALORATSKY b: 3 Mar 1904 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: Jan 1995 in Cherry Hill, NJ
+ Esther Feld b: 13. Oct 1907 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 5 Jan 2002 in Cherry Hill, NJ
.........4 Elia (Alexander) (Aleck) ((Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 27 Aug 1907 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 28 Jan 1991 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Cecelia Zacharias b: 3. Aug 1911 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Unknown in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Mania (Mollie) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b: 10 Feb 1910 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d:19 Jan 1986 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Samuel (Cy) (Robbins) Gerowitz b: 2 Sep 1906 in Phildelphia, PA, d: May 1984 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Brucha (Beckie) (Betty Miller) (Müller) MALORATSKY b: 10 Feb 1910 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 8 Feb 2000 in Springfield, PA
+ Benjamin (Benzion Mitkowa) Metcoff b: 7 Jan 1907 in Cherkasy, Ukraine, d: 12 Nov 1968 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Dobrysch (Dora) (Müller) (Miller) MALORATSKY b:15 Jun 1912 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 22 Aug 2007 in Rockville, MD
+ Raymond Zacharias b: 3. Aug 1911 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 21 Jan 1955 in Philadelphia, PA
........4 Rebecca (Reba) (Eva) MILLER b: 19. Oct 1916 in Philadelphia, PA d:21 Dec 1994 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Philip Roffman b: 29. Jan 1920 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 23 Apr 2004 in San Diego, CA
.....3 Frida MALORATSKY b: Bet. 1878–1882 in Potiyevka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1936 in Malin, Ukraine
+ Moshe (Moisey) Vodotynsky b: Unknown in ?, d: 1933 in ?
.........4 Dora VODOTINSKY b: 1900 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Solomon VODOTINSKY b: 1901 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Ida VODOTYNKY b: 1907 in ?, d: Dec 1989 in Kiev, Ukraine
+ Ilya Ovrutsky b: 1903 in Potievka, Ukraine, d: 1941 in Babi Yar, Ukraine
.........4 Max VODOTYNSKY b: 1910 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Avrum VODOTYNSKY b: 1911 in Potievka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1944 in Shalderi, Valkas, Latvia; (Military Service)
+ Rikva (Riva) Koganovsky b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.........4 Etya (Betya?) VODOTYNSKY b: Abt 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ? b: Unknown in ?
.........4 Lev VODOTYNSKY b: 5 May 1916 in Malin, Ukraine, d: 15 Dec 1997 in NYC
+ Voma Verbitsky b: 25 Aug 1921 in Poltava, (Ukraine) Soviet Union d: 24 Jan 1994 in Brooklyn, NY
.....3 Ruvin (Rubin Miller) MALORATSKY b: 16 Jul 1884 in Radomyshl, Ukraine, d: 27 Mar 1975 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Rose "Rossi" Resnick b: 3 Jan 1883 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 28 Jan 1966 in Norristown, PA
..........4 Minnie (Mary) MiILLER b: 12 Feb 1908 in Norristown, PA, d: 28 Jul 1998 in Haverford, PA
+ Abraham (Edward) Mutshnick b: 14 Feb 1891 in Berdichev, Ukraine, d: 25 Sep 1954 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Lewis (Leon) MILLER b: 8 Sep 1909 in Norristown, PA, d: 9 Feb 1998 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Frances Heffler b: 3 Jan 1921 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 8 Mar 2010 in Boca Raton, FL
...........4 David MILLER b: 3 Aug 1912 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 25 Jul 1923 in Philadelphia, PA
...........4 Frank MILLER b: 15 Dec 1914 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 26 Aug 2019 in Blue Bell, PA
+ Betty Elfonte b: 20 Jan 1922 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 11 Jan 2013 in Blue Bell, PA
...........4 Isadore (aka Jack) MILLER b: 29 Jul 1917 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 31 May 1986 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Shirley Weil b: 10 Mar 1926 in Bronx, NY, d: 14 Jul 2007 in Philadelphia, PA
...........4 Samuel MILLER b: 21 Oct 1927 in Norristown, PA, d: 25 Oct 1979 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Barbara (Bobbie) Virshup b: 9 Oct 1932 in Camden, NJ, d: 28 Jun 2020 in Warminster, PA
.....3 Elka MALORATSKY b: 1889 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Moshe Rusanovsky b: 1878 in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
..........4 Child "A" RUSANOVSKY b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
..........4 Child "B" RUSANOVSKY b: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
......3 Tillie (Miller) MALORATSKY b: Abt 1894 in Zhitomir, Ukraine d: 27 Jan 1966 in Philadelphia, PA
+ Morris Hantman b: 8 Sep 1889 in Zhitomir, Ukraine, d: 11 Dec 1972 in Philadelphia, PA
..........4 Milton HANTMAN b: 6 Sep 1915 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 27 Jun 2006 in Silver Spring, MD
+ Gladyce Borofsky b: 18 Aug 1921 in Philadelphia, PA, d: Aug 2011 in Silver Spring, MD
...........4 Selma HANTMAN b: 3 Jun 1919 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Jun 2012 in Vorhees, NJ
+ Albert Kanefsky b: 28 Dec 1917 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 4 Apr 2011 in Vorhees, NJ
...........4 Elsie HANTMAN b: 8 Jan 1920 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 20 Mar 2003 in ?
+ Samuel Green b: 1 Apr 1919 in Philadelphia, PA, d: 23 Feb 2012 in Philadelphia, PA
Daughter Frida Vodotinskaya (born Maloratsky)
1878-1882 -1936
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-445048281-1-500009/frida-vodotinskaya-born-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Frida Vodotinskaya (born Maloratsky)
Born Malyn, Zhytomyrs'ka oblast, Ukraine
Death 1936
Family members
Father Mordechai (Mordukh / Mottel) Maloratsky 1846 - ?
Husband Moshe (Moisey) Vodotinsky ? - 1933
Children Dora Vodotinskaya 1900 - ?
Ida Ovrutskaya (born Vodotinskaya) 1906 - 1989
Avram Vodotinsky 1911 - 1944
Lev Vodotynsky 1918 - 1997
Below is the tree of Frida Maloratskaya based on the work of Howard Levin:
3 Frida MALORATSKY
b: Bet. 1878–1882 in Potiyevka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1936 in Malin, Ukraine
+ Moshe (Moisey) Vodotynsky b: Unknown in ?, d: 1933 in ? .........
.......4 Dora VODOTINSKY b: 1900 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Solomon VODOTINSKY b: 1901 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Ida VODOTYNKY b: 1907 in ?, d: Dec 1989 in Kiev, Ukraine
+ Ilya Ovrutsky b: 1903 in Potievka, Ukraine, d: 1941 in Babi Yar, Ukraine
.......4 Max VODOTYNSKY b: 1910 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Avrum VODOTYNSKY b: 1911 in Potievka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1944 in Shalderi, Valkas, Latvia; (Military Service)
+ Rikva (Riva) Koganovsky b: Unknown in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Etya (Betya?) VODOTYNSKY b: Abt 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ? + ??? b: Unknown in ?
.......4 Lev VODOTYNSKY b: 5. May 1916 in Malin, Ukraine, d: 15 Dec 1997 in NYC
+ Voma Verbitsky b: 25. Aug 1921 in Poltava, (Ukraine) Soviet Union d: 24 Jan 1994 in Brooklyn, NY
3 Frida MALORATSKY
b: Bet. 1878–1882 in Potiyevka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1936 in Malin, Ukraine
+ Moshe (Moisey) Vodotynsky b: Unknown in ?, d: 1933 in ? .........
.......4 Dora VODOTINSKY b: 1900 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Solomon VODOTINSKY b: 1901 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Ida VODOTYNKY b: 1907 in ?, d: Dec 1989 in Kiev, Ukraine
+ Ilya Ovrutsky b: 1903 in Potievka, Ukraine, d: 1941 in Babi Yar, Ukraine
.......4 Max VODOTYNSKY b: 1910 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Avrum VODOTYNSKY b: 1911 in Potievka (or Malin), Ukraine, d: 1944 in Shalderi, Valkas, Latvia; (Military Service)
+ Rikva (Riva) Koganovsky b: Unknown in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.......4 Etya (Betya?) VODOTYNSKY b: Abt 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ? + ??? b: Unknown in ?
.......4 Lev VODOTYNSKY b: 5. May 1916 in Malin, Ukraine, d: 15 Dec 1997 in NYC
+ Voma Verbitsky b: 25. Aug 1921 in Poltava, (Ukraine) Soviet Union d: 24 Jan 1994 in Brooklyn, NY
Correction: In the diagram, Avrum Maloratsky had a wife, Malya. However, according to the Book (see below), the wife's name was Manya:
- According to archival documents, the 3rd - the 6th generations of the Chaim Maloratsky family is represented as follows:
Maloratsky Avrum Morduchovich, according to the "First All-Russian Census of the Population of 1897", lived in 1897 in Korostishev, and in the village of Zubrovka, Korostishev District, Zhitomir Region. Rented a room and worked as a blacksmith (information found by Olena Tunik in the sheets of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897). At the time of the census, Avrum was 26 years old.
Apparently, Avrum lived in Korostishev temporarily, since we find him at the age of 36 among the inhabitants of Malin in 1907: |
According to the metric book:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 33 The metric book of the synagogue about births. 1884 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B3.pdf
p.14, # 25, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) Maloratsky and his wife Manya (his wife’s name is known from other archival documents) On May 1, 1884, the son of Ruvim was born in the village of Gumenyuk. It is possible that the name of the mother of the newborn is not indicated because she died in childbirth. And so the child was given the name Ruvim in honor of the nearest ancestor on the maternal line. The name Ruvim in the genus Maloratsky not met.
Thus, Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had four sons: the eldest son Avrum (Abram) Morduchovich (b.1871), who was named after his deceased grandfather Abram, the younger son Ruvim (b.1884), and also Aron and Nus.
According to the metric book (found by Ilya Goldfarb):
Fond_663_Design_1_Delo_42_Metric book of the synagogue about births, 1895, # 44, Avrum Motelevich (Morduchovich) Maloratsky (b. 1871) had a son Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky, born in 1895. One of the pages of the book is given below.
Interestingly, for the first time in our study, an ancestor with the name Leib appeared among the Maloratskys. It is possible that this name was in his ancestor who had died by that time, which we have not yet discovered. But, in any case, it becomes clear that the name of one of the authors of this Pedigree Leo*) Maloratsky (born 1939) (see Part 3 of this Chapter 1) appeared quite naturally according to Jewish customs.
*) "Leib" - "lion" in Yiddish.
Below is a revised diagram illustrating the kinship between Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky (7th generation) and Lev Germanovich Maloratsky (8th generation).
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 33 The metric book of the synagogue about births. 1884 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B3.pdf
p.14, # 25, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) Maloratsky and his wife Manya (his wife’s name is known from other archival documents) On May 1, 1884, the son of Ruvim was born in the village of Gumenyuk. It is possible that the name of the mother of the newborn is not indicated because she died in childbirth. And so the child was given the name Ruvim in honor of the nearest ancestor on the maternal line. The name Ruvim in the genus Maloratsky not met.
Thus, Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had four sons: the eldest son Avrum (Abram) Morduchovich (b.1871), who was named after his deceased grandfather Abram, the younger son Ruvim (b.1884), and also Aron and Nus.
According to the metric book (found by Ilya Goldfarb):
Fond_663_Design_1_Delo_42_Metric book of the synagogue about births, 1895, # 44, Avrum Motelevich (Morduchovich) Maloratsky (b. 1871) had a son Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky, born in 1895. One of the pages of the book is given below.
Interestingly, for the first time in our study, an ancestor with the name Leib appeared among the Maloratskys. It is possible that this name was in his ancestor who had died by that time, which we have not yet discovered. But, in any case, it becomes clear that the name of one of the authors of this Pedigree Leo*) Maloratsky (born 1939) (see Part 3 of this Chapter 1) appeared quite naturally according to Jewish customs.
*) "Leib" - "lion" in Yiddish.
Below is a revised diagram illustrating the kinship between Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky (7th generation) and Lev Germanovich Maloratsky (8th generation).
From this document, dated 1871, follows (see # 69): In Korostyshev, at the Motel *) Avramovich Maloratsky and his wife Mani, born Radomysl, on December 9, 1871 a son was born, who was circumcised by Nukhim Leib Briskin on December 16, 1971. Probably it can be argued that it was Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky (see the above diagram and the census list of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897).
*) Among the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, to which they name a baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - the popular name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. At the rite of circumcision, the son of Avrum was given the name Motel, and the common name of the Motel was Mordechai https://www.br-vestnik.ru/tihanov/heritage/jewish/.
According to the metric book:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 33 The metric book of the synagogue about births. 1884 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B3.pdf
p.14, # 25, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) Maloratsky and his wife Mani (wife’s name is known from other archival documents) On May 1, 1884, the son of Reuben was born in the village of Gumenyuk. It is possible that the name of the mother of the newborn is not indicated because she died during childbirth. And so the child was given the name Reuben in honor of the nearest ancestor on the maternal line. The name Reuben in the genus Maloratsky not met. Thus, Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had four sons: the eldest son Avrum (Abram) Morduchovich (born 1871), who was named after his deceased grandfather Abram, the younger son Reuben (born 1884), and also Aron and Nus .
According to the metric book (found by Ilya Goldfarb):
Fond_663_Design_1_Deous_42_Metric book of the synagogue about births, 1895, # 44, Avrum Motelevich (Morduhovich) Maloratsky (b. 1871) had a son Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky born in 1895. One of the pages of the book is given below.
Interestingly, for the first time in our study, an ancestor with the name Leib appeared among the Maloratskys (see the diagram below). It is possible that this name was in his ancestor who had died by that time, which we have not yet discovered. But, in any case, it becomes clear that the name of one of the authors of this Pedigree Leo *) Maloratsky (born 1939) (see Part 3 of this Chapter 1) appeared quite naturally according to Jewish customs.
*) "Leib" - "lion" in Yiddish.
Below is a revised diagram illustrating the kinship between Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky (7th generation) and Lev Germanovich Maloratsky (8th generation).
*) Among the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, to which they name a baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - the popular name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. At the rite of circumcision, the son of Avrum was given the name Motel, and the common name of the Motel was Mordechai https://www.br-vestnik.ru/tihanov/heritage/jewish/.
According to the metric book:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 33 The metric book of the synagogue about births. 1884 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B3.pdf
p.14, # 25, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) Maloratsky and his wife Mani (wife’s name is known from other archival documents) On May 1, 1884, the son of Reuben was born in the village of Gumenyuk. It is possible that the name of the mother of the newborn is not indicated because she died during childbirth. And so the child was given the name Reuben in honor of the nearest ancestor on the maternal line. The name Reuben in the genus Maloratsky not met. Thus, Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had four sons: the eldest son Avrum (Abram) Morduchovich (born 1871), who was named after his deceased grandfather Abram, the younger son Reuben (born 1884), and also Aron and Nus .
According to the metric book (found by Ilya Goldfarb):
Fond_663_Design_1_Deous_42_Metric book of the synagogue about births, 1895, # 44, Avrum Motelevich (Morduhovich) Maloratsky (b. 1871) had a son Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky born in 1895. One of the pages of the book is given below.
Interestingly, for the first time in our study, an ancestor with the name Leib appeared among the Maloratskys (see the diagram below). It is possible that this name was in his ancestor who had died by that time, which we have not yet discovered. But, in any case, it becomes clear that the name of one of the authors of this Pedigree Leo *) Maloratsky (born 1939) (see Part 3 of this Chapter 1) appeared quite naturally according to Jewish customs.
*) "Leib" - "lion" in Yiddish.
Below is a revised diagram illustrating the kinship between Leib Avrumovich Maloratsky (7th generation) and Lev Germanovich Maloratsky (8th generation).
Consider the families of the children of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (b. 1846):
Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky
(son of Mordukh Avrumovich, grandson of Avrum Haimovich)
The following is an archive document of the Zhytomyr Archive of 1892 (found by Ilya Goldfarb): the marriage of Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky for 22 years (b. 1870), the Radomysl tradesman with Chaya Rivka Iosifovna Gulman, Zhytomyr bourgeois, 18 years (b. 1874) .
Children of Aron Morduhovich Maloratsky
Rafael Aronovich Maloratsky (born 1904)
Rafael Aronovich Maloratsky (born 1904)
Leja Aronova Maloratsky (b.1896) (marriage of 1916)
The following is an archive document of the Zhytomyr archive (found by Ilya Goldfarb): Leja Aronovna Maloratsky, Radomysl burgher
In 1916 she married Yuda-Leib Yonovich Kigel. At this time, Leja was 20 years old, i.e. she was born in 1896
6 Aron Morduchovich MALORATSKY b: 1870 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Chaya (Khana)-Rivka Gulman b: 1874 in ?, m: 1892 in Zhitomir, d: Unknown in ?
.......................................7 Leja MALORATSKY b: Abt. 1896 in ?, d: ? in ?
+ Yudah-Lejb Kigel b: Abt. 1894 in ?, m: 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Ester-Fejga MALORATSKY b:1893 in ? d: ? in ?
……………………….7 Mojshe-Lejb MALORATSKY b:1897 in Zhitomir Volhynia guberniya d:? in ?
……………………….7 Refuel MALORATSKY b:1904 in ? d: ? in ?
Avraam Morduchovich Maloratsky
(son of Morduch Avrumovich, grandson of Avrum Haimovich)
(Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 42 Metric book about births in 1895)
+ Chaya (Khana)-Rivka Gulman b: 1874 in ?, m: 1892 in Zhitomir, d: Unknown in ?
.......................................7 Leja MALORATSKY b: Abt. 1896 in ?, d: ? in ?
+ Yudah-Lejb Kigel b: Abt. 1894 in ?, m: 1916 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Ester-Fejga MALORATSKY b:1893 in ? d: ? in ?
……………………….7 Mojshe-Lejb MALORATSKY b:1897 in Zhitomir Volhynia guberniya d:? in ?
……………………….7 Refuel MALORATSKY b:1904 in ? d: ? in ?
Avraam Morduchovich Maloratsky
(son of Morduch Avrumovich, grandson of Avrum Haimovich)
(Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 42 Metric book about births in 1895)
Maloratsky Avrum Morduchovich:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 42 Metric book about births in 1895
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 42 Metric book about births in 1895
Trinity book of the synagogue about births, 1895
(According to the metric books of the synagogues of 1900 and 1902, in addition to Avrum Mordkovich (b.1871) and Hasya Duvidovna, in addition to his son Leib (b.1895), his daughter Rivka (b.1900) was born in Korostyshev. ) and daughter Ruhlya (b.1902) (see the document below).
The above recording of the birth of a son, who was given the double name Gutman-Leib, is interesting because for the first time (as far as we know) the Yiddish name Leib appeared in the family of Maloratsky, which means "lion". Subsequently, in the 8th and 9th generations, the name Leo (Leo Maloratsky, Leo Sagalov, Leo Goldfarb) will appear three times in the Maloratsky clan.
According to the metric books of the synagogue of Zhytomyr in 1897 and Korostyshev in 1898 and 1901, Nus Mordkovich Maloratsky and his wife Haiya Borukhovna El Haimovna, who were married in 1897 in Zhytomyr, in 1898 in Korostyshev, the son Pasach was born and in 1901, the daughter Malka was also born in Korostyshev (see the documents below).
Let us try to explain the appearance of the new Maloratsky with the name Nus, which had not been previously encountered in the Maloratsky family.
As mentioned above, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) of Maloratsky and his wife Manya, on May 1, 1884, the son Ruvim was born in the village of Gumenik *) of the Korostyshev district. In the same village. Gumenik in 1901, the daughter of Malka was born at Nus Mordkovich. Therefore, Nus and Mordechai lived in the same village. Gumenik and, most likely, Nus Mordkovich was the son of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky. The family relationships found are reflected in the diagram above. Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had three sons, according to Jewish tradition, the oldest was named after the deceased father Mordechai Avrum, and the other two sons received the names Ruvim and Nus along the ancestors along the maternal line.
*) Humeniki is the center of the village council of Humennytsia, to which, moreover. Located on the banks of the Mika River, a tributary of the Grouse, 12 km south-west of the district center and the Korostyshev railway station and 12 km from the Kiev-Lviv highway, population: 500 people. (2001). The village was founded in the first half of the 18th century. Go
Maloratsky Avrum Mordukhovich:
A page from the 663_Description_1_Delo_47_Metric_Book_Sinagogy_o_rozhdenih Fund._1900g-4
(According to the metric books of the synagogues of 1900 and 1902, in addition to Avrum Mordkovich (b.1871) and Hasya Duvidovna, in addition to his son Leib (b.1895), his daughter Rivka (b.1900) was born in Korostyshev. ) and daughter Ruhlya (b.1902) (see the document below).
The above recording of the birth of a son, who was given the double name Gutman-Leib, is interesting because for the first time (as far as we know) the Yiddish name Leib appeared in the family of Maloratsky, which means "lion". Subsequently, in the 8th and 9th generations, the name Leo (Leo Maloratsky, Leo Sagalov, Leo Goldfarb) will appear three times in the Maloratsky clan.
According to the metric books of the synagogue of Zhytomyr in 1897 and Korostyshev in 1898 and 1901, Nus Mordkovich Maloratsky and his wife Haiya Borukhovna El Haimovna, who were married in 1897 in Zhytomyr, in 1898 in Korostyshev, the son Pasach was born and in 1901, the daughter Malka was also born in Korostyshev (see the documents below).
Let us try to explain the appearance of the new Maloratsky with the name Nus, which had not been previously encountered in the Maloratsky family.
As mentioned above, at the Motel (Mordechai) Avrumovich (Abramovich) of Maloratsky and his wife Manya, on May 1, 1884, the son Ruvim was born in the village of Gumenik *) of the Korostyshev district. In the same village. Gumenik in 1901, the daughter of Malka was born at Nus Mordkovich. Therefore, Nus and Mordechai lived in the same village. Gumenik and, most likely, Nus Mordkovich was the son of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky. The family relationships found are reflected in the diagram above. Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky had three sons, according to Jewish tradition, the oldest was named after the deceased father Mordechai Avrum, and the other two sons received the names Ruvim and Nus along the ancestors along the maternal line.
*) Humeniki is the center of the village council of Humennytsia, to which, moreover. Located on the banks of the Mika River, a tributary of the Grouse, 12 km south-west of the district center and the Korostyshev railway station and 12 km from the Kiev-Lviv highway, population: 500 people. (2001). The village was founded in the first half of the 18th century. Go
Maloratsky Avrum Mordukhovich:
A page from the 663_Description_1_Delo_47_Metric_Book_Sinagogy_o_rozhdenih Fund._1900g-4
Avrum (Avraham) Morduchovich Maloratsky (born 1872) arrived in America from Korostyshev (Russia) (without family) on January 14, 1908:
2-3 years after arriving in America, Avraham Morduchovich began to bother to reunite with his family:
The following conclusions can be drawn from this document:
1. Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky emigrated America from the metro station Korostyshev of the Radomysl district until 1911 individually (without family).
2. His family included the wife of HASI DUVIDOVNY MALORATSKY, her children LEIBA (16 years old), RIVKI (11 years old), RUCHLI (9 years old) and LEI (the name of the fourth child is not clearly printed) were at that time in Korostyshev.
3. The text of the "Certificate" resembles a modern "call", which allows you to draw up documents for traveling to another country.
Note:
An interesting feature is the repeatability of names in the Maloratskikh family, up to the full namesake, when the full name is the same:
Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1795-1818)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (b.1859)
Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky (b. 1871)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1906-1963)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1914-1914)
Maloratsky Nus Moruhovich
Zhytomyr, 1897-1898 Braki Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 687-3
1. Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky emigrated America from the metro station Korostyshev of the Radomysl district until 1911 individually (without family).
2. His family included the wife of HASI DUVIDOVNY MALORATSKY, her children LEIBA (16 years old), RIVKI (11 years old), RUCHLI (9 years old) and LEI (the name of the fourth child is not clearly printed) were at that time in Korostyshev.
3. The text of the "Certificate" resembles a modern "call", which allows you to draw up documents for traveling to another country.
Note:
An interesting feature is the repeatability of names in the Maloratskikh family, up to the full namesake, when the full name is the same:
Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1795-1818)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (b.1859)
Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky (b. 1871)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1906-1963)
Abraham Mordukhovich Maloratsky (1914-1914)
Maloratsky Nus Moruhovich
Zhytomyr, 1897-1898 Braki Foundation 67 Inventory 3 Case 687-3
Maloratsky Nus Moruhovich:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 45 The metric book of the synagogue about those born in 1898, Korostyshev
Maloratsky Nus Moruhovich:
Fond 663 Inventory 1 Case 45 The metric book of the synagogue about those born in 1901, Korostyshev
Thus, what we know about Nus Maloratsky, second cousin of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich Maloratsky.
Radomysl tradesman Nus Morduhovich Maloratsky (r. 1871):
Parents Nus: father Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (born 1846), mother Manya.
Nus Moruduchovich Maloratsky and his twin Avrum were born in 1871. Nus had three brothers: Avrum (r. 1871), Aron (p. 1870), Ruvin (p. 1884) and sister Elka (r. 1889) *).
The wife of Nus- Chaya Brukha Chaimovna Gluzman (born 1876); the marriage was registered in Korostyshiv in 1897
They had a son Peisakh in the village Kalantyr Korostyshevskoy parish in 1898
They had a daughter, Malka, in the Korostyshevsky volost in 1901.
Below is a diagram illustrating the ancestors and descendants of Nus Morduchovich Maloratsky and the connection of its branch with the branch of Lev Germanovich Maloratsky:
Radomysl tradesman Nus Morduhovich Maloratsky (r. 1871):
Parents Nus: father Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (born 1846), mother Manya.
Nus Moruduchovich Maloratsky and his twin Avrum were born in 1871. Nus had three brothers: Avrum (r. 1871), Aron (p. 1870), Ruvin (p. 1884) and sister Elka (r. 1889) *).
The wife of Nus- Chaya Brukha Chaimovna Gluzman (born 1876); the marriage was registered in Korostyshiv in 1897
They had a son Peisakh in the village Kalantyr Korostyshevskoy parish in 1898
They had a daughter, Malka, in the Korostyshevsky volost in 1901.
Below is a diagram illustrating the ancestors and descendants of Nus Morduchovich Maloratsky and the connection of its branch with the branch of Lev Germanovich Maloratsky:
*) Additional information about the Nusim family:
https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?p=165081#p165081 p.256 # 479: In 1903 in Zhytomyr, Nusim Mordukcovich Maloratsky and his wife Haya Brukhi El Haimovna were born twins Malka and Malia.
As can be seen from the above archival document, in 1901, the daughter of Malka was born in the family of Usya Mordukhovich in the Korostyshev volost.
Such a "incident" can only be explained as follows. Obviously, Malka, born in 1901, died between 1901 and 1902. In her memory, her parents named their twins born in 1903 by the names of Malka and Mala.
Shloma Morduchovich Maloratsky
Shloma's children
https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?p=165081#p165081 p.256 # 479: In 1903 in Zhytomyr, Nusim Mordukcovich Maloratsky and his wife Haya Brukhi El Haimovna were born twins Malka and Malia.
As can be seen from the above archival document, in 1901, the daughter of Malka was born in the family of Usya Mordukhovich in the Korostyshev volost.
Such a "incident" can only be explained as follows. Obviously, Malka, born in 1901, died between 1901 and 1902. In her memory, her parents named their twins born in 1903 by the names of Malka and Mala.
Shloma Morduchovich Maloratsky
Shloma's children
............................6 Aron MALORATSKY b: 1870 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Chaya-Rivka Gulman b: 1874 in ?, m: 1892 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Ester-Fejga MALORATSKY b:1893 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..................................... 7 Leia MALORATSKY b:1896 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
+ Yudah-Leib Kigel b: Abt. 1894 in ?, m: March 151916 in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Mojshe-Lejb MALORATSKY b:1897 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Srul MALORATSKY b:1899 d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Refuel MALORATSKY b: July 19 1904 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Mordko MALORATSKY b: 1908 d:1910 in ?
………………………7 Ber MALORATSKY b:1911 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..............................6 Avrum MALORATSKY b: 1871, d: Unknown in USA(twins with Nusim)
+ ChasiaDuvidovnab: Unknown in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in USA
......................................7 Gutman-Leib MALORATSKY b: June 71895 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
......................................7 Rivka MALORATSKY b: February1900 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
....................................;;7 Ruchlia MALORATSKY b: December1902 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
..............................6 Nusim MALORATSKY b: 1871 in ?, d: Unknown in ? (twins with Avrum)
+ Chaya-BrochaChaimovna Gluzmanb: 1876 in ?, m: 15 March1897inZhitomir, Russia, d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Pejsach MALORATSKY b: December 12 1898 in the village Kalantyr Korostyshevskoy parish, Russia
………………………7 Ester MALORATSKY b:1900 in Zhitomir,Russia
......................................7 Malka MALORATSKY b:December 1901 in Korostyshevskoy parish, Russia, d: before 1903in ?
………………….......7 Malka MALORATSKY b: 1903 in Zhitomir,Russia (twins) d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Malia MALORATSKY b: 1903 in Zhitomir,Russia (twins) d: Unknown in ?
.....................................7 Lazer MALORATSKY b: 10/Jul/1906 in Zhitomir, Russia, d: 11/Dec/1944 in
Budapest, Hungary
+ Faina Glatter b: 13/Apr/1911 in Zhitomir, Russia, m: Unknown in ?, d: 27/Feb/1982 in Zhitomir, Ukraine
……………………..7 Ita MALORATSKY b:1911 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Mordko MALORATSKY b:1914 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Moisha MALORATSKY b:1916 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
…………………6 Shloma MALORATSY b:? in ? d: Unknown in ?
+Genya Senderova b:? in ? d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Ester MALORATSKY b:August 31 1901 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Isaak MALORATSKY b: March 10 1905 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Elia MALORATSKY b: August 27 1907 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Leya MALORATSKY b:1910 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ? (twins)
……………………..7 Brucha MALORATSKY b:1910 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ? (twins)
……………………7 Dobrish MALORATSKY b:1912 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..............................6 Ruvin MALORATSKY b: 1884 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.............................6 Elka MALORATSKY b: 1889 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Moshe Rusanovsky b: 1878 in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Chaya-Rivka Gulman b: 1874 in ?, m: 1892 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Ester-Fejga MALORATSKY b:1893 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..................................... 7 Leia MALORATSKY b:1896 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
+ Yudah-Leib Kigel b: Abt. 1894 in ?, m: March 151916 in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Mojshe-Lejb MALORATSKY b:1897 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Srul MALORATSKY b:1899 d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Refuel MALORATSKY b: July 19 1904 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………….7 Mordko MALORATSKY b: 1908 d:1910 in ?
………………………7 Ber MALORATSKY b:1911 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..............................6 Avrum MALORATSKY b: 1871, d: Unknown in USA(twins with Nusim)
+ ChasiaDuvidovnab: Unknown in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in USA
......................................7 Gutman-Leib MALORATSKY b: June 71895 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
......................................7 Rivka MALORATSKY b: February1900 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
....................................;;7 Ruchlia MALORATSKY b: December1902 in in Zhitomir,Russia, d: Unknown in USA
..............................6 Nusim MALORATSKY b: 1871 in ?, d: Unknown in ? (twins with Avrum)
+ Chaya-BrochaChaimovna Gluzmanb: 1876 in ?, m: 15 March1897inZhitomir, Russia, d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Pejsach MALORATSKY b: December 12 1898 in the village Kalantyr Korostyshevskoy parish, Russia
………………………7 Ester MALORATSKY b:1900 in Zhitomir,Russia
......................................7 Malka MALORATSKY b:December 1901 in Korostyshevskoy parish, Russia, d: before 1903in ?
………………….......7 Malka MALORATSKY b: 1903 in Zhitomir,Russia (twins) d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Malia MALORATSKY b: 1903 in Zhitomir,Russia (twins) d: Unknown in ?
.....................................7 Lazer MALORATSKY b: 10/Jul/1906 in Zhitomir, Russia, d: 11/Dec/1944 in
Budapest, Hungary
+ Faina Glatter b: 13/Apr/1911 in Zhitomir, Russia, m: Unknown in ?, d: 27/Feb/1982 in Zhitomir, Ukraine
……………………..7 Ita MALORATSKY b:1911 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Mordko MALORATSKY b:1914 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Moisha MALORATSKY b:1916 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
…………………6 Shloma MALORATSY b:? in ? d: Unknown in ?
+Genya Senderova b:? in ? d: Unknown in ?
……………………...7 Ester MALORATSKY b:August 31 1901 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Isaak MALORATSKY b: March 10 1905 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Elia MALORATSKY b: August 27 1907 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
……………………..7 Leya MALORATSKY b:1910 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ? (twins)
……………………..7 Brucha MALORATSKY b:1910 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ? (twins)
……………………7 Dobrish MALORATSKY b:1912 in Zhitomir,Russia d: Unknown in ?
..............................6 Ruvin MALORATSKY b: 1884 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
.............................6 Elka MALORATSKY b: 1889 in ?, d: Unknown in ?
+ Moshe Rusanovsky b: 1878 in ?, m: Unknown in ?, d: Unknown in ?
Brief information about Korostyshiv
(more details can be found in the "Family of Kagan" section in this Chapter 1)
"In 1765, 316 Jews lived in Korostyshev, in 1847 - 2657, in 1852 - 2800, in 1897 - 4160 (52.9%), Jews lived in Korostyshev from the 16th century. In 1602 there was a synagogue. "In 1783, 108 houses and 600 persons of both sexes were considered in the town without the Gentiles, but there were 250 Jewish houses; consequently, at that time the Jewish population more than doubled the Krestian one and kagal, according to the condition of 1772, paid to the owner a total of 1,240 zlotys. " 3 synagogues. After the second division of Poland in 1793, Korostyshev, along with the whole of right-bank Ukraine, became part of the Russian Empire. 120 years. Owner Korostyshev’s family remained the Olizarov family until 1868, the most famous of whom was Count Gustav Olizar. The Polish poet and translator was close to the circle of Decembrists, was familiar and corresponded with Pushkin and Mickiewicz. Korostyshev's industry, the first stone bridge in the region was built, a park was built on the left bank of the Grouse, which to this day remains one of the city’s pearls. In the 1850s development of granite deposits began in Korostyshev. It was precisely granite from Korostyshevsky quarries that was later selected for the construction of Lenin's mausoleum.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4_663_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C_1_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_2_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8F._1841%D0%B3.pdf
The branch of Mordechai Haimovich Maloratsky (b.1822)
The three brothers Chaim, Abraham and Joseph (sons of Mordechai Haimovich Maloratsky b.1822), who lived in Malin, in many respects determined the fate of our ancestors and their descendants. Two brothers, Abraham and Joseph immigrated to America, and Chaim, who remained in Russia, was the ancestor of our family, which after two generations also left Russia (USSR), scattering across different countries, where some of the Maloratsky paths crossed. Thus, the heirs of the brothers Chaim (Lev Maloratsky) and Abraham (Judy Levin (Mallor)) found each other in America (see the diagram below).
We thank Howard Lewin and his wife Judy Levin (Judi Lewin) for helping to recreate the Maloratskys Family Tree. Below is a diagram of their kinship with Lev Maloratsky. The native grandfather of Lev Maloratsky - Mordechai (Mark) *) Maloratsky was a cousin of grandfather Judy Levin (Mallor) - Rashmiel (Harri) Maloratsky. The cousins of Maloratsky parted at the beginning of the 20th century, when Rashmiel Maloratsky and his family immigrated from Malina to America.
*) After the Polish territories were annexed to Russia, the Polish-Hebrew name Mordukhai was altered to Mark
From this document, dated 1871, follows (see # 69):
In Korostyshev, at the Motel*) Avramovich Maloratsky and his wife Manya, born Radomysl, on December 9, 1871 a son was born, who was circumcised by Nuchim Leib Briskin on December 16, 1971. Probably it can be argued that this was Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (see the above diagram and the census list of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897).
*) For the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, to which they name the baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - the popular name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. At the rite of circumcision, the son of Avrum was given the name Motel, and the common name of the Motel was Mordechai https://www.br-vestnik.ru/tihanov/heritage/jewish/.
In Korostyshev, at the Motel*) Avramovich Maloratsky and his wife Manya, born Radomysl, on December 9, 1871 a son was born, who was circumcised by Nuchim Leib Briskin on December 16, 1971. Probably it can be argued that this was Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (see the above diagram and the census list of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897).
*) For the Jews, instead of the main or holy name, to which they name the baby during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - the popular name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. At the rite of circumcision, the son of Avrum was given the name Motel, and the common name of the Motel was Mordechai https://www.br-vestnik.ru/tihanov/heritage/jewish/.
Three brothers Chaim, Abraham and Joseph (the sons of Mordechai Maloratsky, born in 1822), who lived in Malin, largely determined the fate of our ancestors and their descendants. Two brothers Abraham and Joseph immigrated to America, and Khaim, who remained in Russia, was the ancestor of our family, which after two generations also left Russia (the USSR), dispersed in different countries, where the paths of some Maloratsky crossed. Thus, the heirs of the brothers Khaim (Leo Maloratsky) and Abraham (Judie Levin) found each other in America
We thank Howard Lewin and his wife Judie Lewin (112 Scarlett Dr Commack 11725, 414-7142) for their help in reconstructing the Maloratsky's Pedigree. Below is a diagram of their relationship with Leo Maloratsky. The native grandfather of Leo Maloratsky - Mordechai (Mark *)) Maloratsky was the cousin of grandfather Judy Levin (Mallor) - Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky (see diagram below). The Maloratsky cousins parted at the beginning of the 20th century, when Rashmiel Maloratsky, together with his family, immigrated from Malin to America.
*) After the annexation of the territories of Poland to Russia, the Polish-Jewish name Mordechai was remade by Mark.
The diagram does not show:
1. Judy Mallor has brother, Mark Mallor, born on 03/11/1949 in Brooklyn, NY.
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/159349589/family/familyview
It is possible that his father Abraham Maloratsky (Mallor) named his son after his uncle (our grandfather) Mark Maloratsky, who had died by that time (in 1942 in Tashkent, USSR). If this is not a pure coincidence, then it seems that there was some kind of informational link between the descendants of the Haim brothers (in the USSR) and the descendants of Abraham (in the USA), which is almost unbelievable in those times.
It should also be noted that, as will be indicated below, the three brothers Chaim, Abraham and Joseph Maloratsky named their firstborn names Mordechai, which later transformed: the son of Chaim became Mark, the son of Abraham - Max, and the son of Joseph - Motel.
2. Judy Mallor had cousin Frederick MALORATSKY (b: 21 / Dec / 1962 in Brooklyn, NY https://www.mylife.com/frederick-maloratsky/e499356322218), son of Julius (Jerry) MALORATSKY (b: 30 / Jun / 1926 in New York, NY, d: 7 / Nov / 1990 in Peekskill, NY), who was the son of Rachmiel (Harry) MALORATSKY.
According to the archive archive of the Zhytomyr archive (found by Ilya Goldfarb), Elka Morduchovna Maloratskaya (Radomysl bourgeois) married (first marriage) in 1908 for Moshko Gershkovich Rusanovsky, a farmer of the Vydybor district (?) Colony of the Potievsky volost Radomyslskogo, in the Potievsky volost. In 1908, Elke was 19 years old, and Moshko was 20 years old. This means that Elka Mordukhovna Maloratsky was born in 1889. Elka, most likely, was the daughter of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (born 1846) (see the general diagram of the Maloratsky).
1. Judy Mallor has brother, Mark Mallor, born on 03/11/1949 in Brooklyn, NY.
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/159349589/family/familyview
It is possible that his father Abraham Maloratsky (Mallor) named his son after his uncle (our grandfather) Mark Maloratsky, who had died by that time (in 1942 in Tashkent, USSR). If this is not a pure coincidence, then it seems that there was some kind of informational link between the descendants of the Haim brothers (in the USSR) and the descendants of Abraham (in the USA), which is almost unbelievable in those times.
It should also be noted that, as will be indicated below, the three brothers Chaim, Abraham and Joseph Maloratsky named their firstborn names Mordechai, which later transformed: the son of Chaim became Mark, the son of Abraham - Max, and the son of Joseph - Motel.
2. Judy Mallor had cousin Frederick MALORATSKY (b: 21 / Dec / 1962 in Brooklyn, NY https://www.mylife.com/frederick-maloratsky/e499356322218), son of Julius (Jerry) MALORATSKY (b: 30 / Jun / 1926 in New York, NY, d: 7 / Nov / 1990 in Peekskill, NY), who was the son of Rachmiel (Harry) MALORATSKY.
According to the archive archive of the Zhytomyr archive (found by Ilya Goldfarb), Elka Morduchovna Maloratskaya (Radomysl bourgeois) married (first marriage) in 1908 for Moshko Gershkovich Rusanovsky, a farmer of the Vydybor district (?) Colony of the Potievsky volost Radomyslskogo, in the Potievsky volost. In 1908, Elke was 19 years old, and Moshko was 20 years old. This means that Elka Mordukhovna Maloratsky was born in 1889. Elka, most likely, was the daughter of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (born 1846) (see the general diagram of the Maloratsky).
The name Elka (Elke) can be a derivative of the Jewish female name of Elishev, which in Hebrew means "I swear by my God." This name was borne by the wife of Aaron. Source: © NeoLove.ru If we take the obviously Jewish name Elkind, then, in addition to its originating from the Jewish name Elk, there is one more circumstance. The suffix “Kind” comes from Yiddish “kind”, which means “child”. Therefore, Elkind is the child of Elki.
*) On January 1, 1900, the Radomysl district consisted of 8 townships, 88 villages, 282 villages, 118 farms, 9 farms, 5 settlements, 8 Jewish colonies, 73 German colonies, 42 tracts, 35 settlements, 1 forest office - all from 683 settlements. All these points were administratively distributed between 2 mediators, 5 police officers, 16 volosts, one of which was Potiev volost.
*) On January 1, 1900, the Radomysl district consisted of 8 townships, 88 villages, 282 villages, 118 farms, 9 farms, 5 settlements, 8 Jewish colonies, 73 German colonies, 42 tracts, 35 settlements, 1 forest office - all from 683 settlements. All these points were administratively distributed between 2 mediators, 5 police officers, 16 volosts, one of which was Potiev volost.
Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky
In the diagram below, the name Chaim in the Maloratsky family is repeated a generation later:
*) CHAIM - "life". This name first appears in the 12th century - that was the name of one of the Talmud commentators. There is an opinion that this will be the name of the Messiah. We did not accidentally single out the name Chaim, which (according to the Jewish tradition of calling a newborn boy by the name of his deceased grandfather) will be repeated a generation later.
1890 - 1930
"The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897"
|
Form of Questionnaire of a resident of Malina
|
According to the "First General Population Census of the Russian Empire of 1897" at m. Malin, the family of Cha General Population Census of the Russian Emp im Morduchovich Maloratsky was (see below) from the "master" Khaim Morduchovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 50 years old (b.1847), the wife of Gisya Freiga at the time of the census of 47 years (b.1850), the son of Hershko Khaimovich at the time of the census of 12 years (b.1885), the daughter of Cipa Chaimovna at the time of the census of 21 (b.1876), the daughter of Chava Chaimovna at the time of the census of 16 years (b.1881). By the time of the census, two children of Chaim: daughter Rachel and son Mordechai (Mark) were already outside of Malina. Presumably, Mordechai had already moved to Radomysl, where he married Chana Kagansky. Chaim Morduchovich was engaged in trade in grocery goods. The daughters of Tsipa and Chava worked at a paper mill. *) |
*) The Malinskaya paper mill was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. Produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper. Malinsky paper mill was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. produced about 1,500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, the factory also produced wrapping paper.
In 1871, the Radomyshelsky merchant of the second guild, Aloiziy Ivanovich Seber, a former Austrian national, created the "Association of Malinsky Paper Favorite". The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since in Russia almost no one made it ... Orders for Malin's "filigree" fell from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main products at the factory, they began to produce tipping and wrapping paper. In the year the factory produced 14-15 thousand pounds of paper. And the products of the Malinsky factory were of very good quality ... The Malinsky craftsmen became famous all over Russia and even beyond its borders ... Already in 1872, that is, a year after the establishment of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in VENE at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and awards ... Malinska tissue paper was distinguished by its cleanliness and ease and was soon more than once awarded the highest awards at international and all-Russian exhibitions: - in Brussels -1906, in Rostov-on Don - 1909, in E Dintsah - 1911.
https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
In 1871, the Radomyshelsky merchant of the second guild, Aloiziy Ivanovich Seber, a former Austrian national, created the "Association of Malinsky Paper Favorite". The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since in Russia almost no one made it ... Orders for Malin's "filigree" fell from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main products at the factory, they began to produce tipping and wrapping paper. In the year the factory produced 14-15 thousand pounds of paper. And the products of the Malinsky factory were of very good quality ... The Malinsky craftsmen became famous all over Russia and even beyond its borders ... Already in 1872, that is, a year after the establishment of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in VENE at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and awards ... Malinska tissue paper was distinguished by its cleanliness and ease and was soon more than once awarded the highest awards at international and all-Russian exhibitions: - in Brussels -1906, in Rostov-on Don - 1909, in E Dintsah - 1911.
https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
http://www.fox-notes.ru/z_rus_chastnik/malin_36.htm
Census list of Malin residents
(page concerning the family of Chaim Moruhovich Maloratsky):
(page concerning the family of Chaim Moruhovich Maloratsky):
Interesting additional information about the family of Chaim Maloratsky - the father of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky
(obtained from archival materials on the First General Census of the Population Malina 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00547 Year 1897.
First General Population Census
Kiev Province, Radomysl District, metro Malin, street? , Markman's house, apartment number 2
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname, name, patronymic sex how recorded how much is Single, Estate, Is Here Here Is where Is Vero Native Literacy Occupation, craft, fishing M have been married married married state born, commonly used language a b The main thing, i.e.
F widow or rank, and if, if the knowledge lives where that which delivers can
farm or divorced? not here, not here, and if it was not a means of existence that was taught to read.
your family? where where here where
exactly? precisely __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky m households. 50 mar. broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home Grocer merchant. goods
Chaim in Heb.
Morduhovich
2. Maloratsky wife 47 deputies. broom Kiev. Gub., Here is Judas. Heb. no with her husband
Risya Radom. County
Freuda m. Ivankov
3. Maloratsky son 12 broom here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Hershko
Chaimovich
4. Maloratsky daughter 21 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. No working on boom. factory
Tsipa
Chaimovna
5. Maloratsky daughter 16 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. No working on boom. factory
Chava
Chaimovna
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From the "Census" follow:
1. Dates of birth: Chaim - 1847, his wife Risa Freuda - 1850, their son Hershko - 1885, their daughter Tsipa - 1876, the second daughter of Hava - 1881 *)
*) Biography of Chava Maloratsky see Chapter 1, paragraph 3, Appendix 4 The history of the family of Chava (Eva) Chaimovna Maloratsky (1881 - 1935)
The absence in the list of the eldest son of Chaim - our grandfather Morduchaya (Mark) Maloratsky is due to the fact that at the time of the census of the inhabitants of Malin in 1897 he was living in Radomysl with his family*). Chaim named his first son (our grandfather) Mordechi in honor of his father Mordechai Haimovich who died by that time.
2. Occupation: Chaim was a grocery merchant; his two daughters worked at the Malinsky paper mill **).
*) The location and chronology of our grandfather Morduchai (Mark) Maloratsky can be established on the basis of the following circumstances:
The birth of Morduchai in Malin m. In ~ 1872. At about this time, his father, Chaim Maloratsky, according to the document below, was engaged in 1880 in petty trade in Malin.
Marriage of Morduchai at Chana Kagansky in Radomysl in ~ 1892. Living in Radomysl until ~ 1901. Birth of Elka (Lucy), Ruchel (Rachil) (1895), Sarah (Sony) (1897), Hayka (Klara) (1899), Wolf (1901) in Radomysl.
According to the document below, Morduchai Maloratsky with his children Rukhel, Sara, Hayka and Wolf in 1903 appeared in the list of Malinsky burghers ***). Elka, who was 14 years old at the time, is absent from this list (in 5 years she will marry Moshko Gershkovich Rusanovsky, see Part 2 of this Chapter).
In 1903, Machlya (Manya) (1903) was born in the family of Morduchai in Radomysl, then Lucia (1907), German (1910), Fruma (Faina) (1912), Basya (Betia) (1914).
(obtained from archival materials on the First General Census of the Population Malina 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00547 Year 1897.
First General Population Census
Kiev Province, Radomysl District, metro Malin, street? , Markman's house, apartment number 2
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname, name, patronymic sex how recorded how much is Single, Estate, Is Here Here Is where Is Vero Native Literacy Occupation, craft, fishing M have been married married married state born, commonly used language a b The main thing, i.e.
F widow or rank, and if, if the knowledge lives where that which delivers can
farm or divorced? not here, not here, and if it was not a means of existence that was taught to read.
your family? where where here where
exactly? precisely __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky m households. 50 mar. broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home Grocer merchant. goods
Chaim in Heb.
Morduhovich
2. Maloratsky wife 47 deputies. broom Kiev. Gub., Here is Judas. Heb. no with her husband
Risya Radom. County
Freuda m. Ivankov
3. Maloratsky son 12 broom here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Hershko
Chaimovich
4. Maloratsky daughter 21 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. No working on boom. factory
Tsipa
Chaimovna
5. Maloratsky daughter 16 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. No working on boom. factory
Chava
Chaimovna
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From the "Census" follow:
1. Dates of birth: Chaim - 1847, his wife Risa Freuda - 1850, their son Hershko - 1885, their daughter Tsipa - 1876, the second daughter of Hava - 1881 *)
*) Biography of Chava Maloratsky see Chapter 1, paragraph 3, Appendix 4 The history of the family of Chava (Eva) Chaimovna Maloratsky (1881 - 1935)
The absence in the list of the eldest son of Chaim - our grandfather Morduchaya (Mark) Maloratsky is due to the fact that at the time of the census of the inhabitants of Malin in 1897 he was living in Radomysl with his family*). Chaim named his first son (our grandfather) Mordechi in honor of his father Mordechai Haimovich who died by that time.
2. Occupation: Chaim was a grocery merchant; his two daughters worked at the Malinsky paper mill **).
*) The location and chronology of our grandfather Morduchai (Mark) Maloratsky can be established on the basis of the following circumstances:
The birth of Morduchai in Malin m. In ~ 1872. At about this time, his father, Chaim Maloratsky, according to the document below, was engaged in 1880 in petty trade in Malin.
Marriage of Morduchai at Chana Kagansky in Radomysl in ~ 1892. Living in Radomysl until ~ 1901. Birth of Elka (Lucy), Ruchel (Rachil) (1895), Sarah (Sony) (1897), Hayka (Klara) (1899), Wolf (1901) in Radomysl.
According to the document below, Morduchai Maloratsky with his children Rukhel, Sara, Hayka and Wolf in 1903 appeared in the list of Malinsky burghers ***). Elka, who was 14 years old at the time, is absent from this list (in 5 years she will marry Moshko Gershkovich Rusanovsky, see Part 2 of this Chapter).
In 1903, Machlya (Manya) (1903) was born in the family of Morduchai in Radomysl, then Lucia (1907), German (1910), Fruma (Faina) (1912), Basya (Betia) (1914).
1881 List of Jews ranked in the commoner Malina.
State Archives of Kiev region. Foundation 1, inventory 351, case 634.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf
***) There is an involuntary question why the artisan Mordechai (Mark), engaged in leather production in Radomysl, Maloratsky fell into the category of burghers.
The fact is that at that time artisans who were not part of the workshops were assigned to the state of the burghers. The guilds only formally acted, by the beginning of the 19th century. centuries and gradually lost a social role, because, on the one hand, shop organizations had practically no property, on the other hand, the number of artisans who were engaged in their crafts without recording in the workshops increased.
State Archives of Kiev region. Foundation 1, inventory 351, case 634.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B0.pdf
***) There is an involuntary question why the artisan Mordechai (Mark), engaged in leather production in Radomysl, Maloratsky fell into the category of burghers.
The fact is that at that time artisans who were not part of the workshops were assigned to the state of the burghers. The guilds only formally acted, by the beginning of the 19th century. centuries and gradually lost a social role, because, on the one hand, shop organizations had practically no property, on the other hand, the number of artisans who were engaged in their crafts without recording in the workshops increased.
Recently (2023) digitized archival materials appeared File: ДАЖО 552-3-29. 1891. Посімейні списки Малинського єврейського товариства Радомисльського повіту.pdf in which the following table was found (by I. Goldfarb):
This list made it possible to correct the previously given data of the families of the brothers Chaim and Avrum (it will be discussed later) Maloratsky:
Family Composition:
old data: new data:
Maloratsky Chaim Morduchovich b. 1847 .................................................. ....Maloratsky Chaim Morduchovich b.1845
his wife Rysya b.1850................................................... ......................................Gisya Feyga Telmanovna b.1848
his sons: his sons:
Morduh b.1872 .......................................................................................................Morduch b.1874
Gershko b. 1885 ................................................... .................................................Gershko b.1887
his daughters: his daughters:
Tsipa born in 1876 ............................................... ................................................. Tsipa b.1876/1874
Chava b.1878 .............................................. ................................................. ..........Chava b.1879
Ita Beila b.? in marriage
Tsyrelya b.1870
Family Composition:
old data: new data:
Maloratsky Chaim Morduchovich b. 1847 .................................................. ....Maloratsky Chaim Morduchovich b.1845
his wife Rysya b.1850................................................... ......................................Gisya Feyga Telmanovna b.1848
his sons: his sons:
Morduh b.1872 .......................................................................................................Morduch b.1874
Gershko b. 1885 ................................................... .................................................Gershko b.1887
his daughters: his daughters:
Tsipa born in 1876 ............................................... ................................................. Tsipa b.1876/1874
Chava b.1878 .............................................. ................................................. ..........Chava b.1879
Ita Beila b.? in marriage
Tsyrelya b.1870
From the found "List" it follows that Morduch Chaimovich Maloratsky (b. 1874) (at the age of 21) "in 1895 was enlisted in the militia
2 digits"*)
*) Militia: military formations created for the duration of the war from the civilian population not in military service (mainly volunteers); divided into 2 categories: 1st - from persons fit for military service, intended to replenish the army; 2nd - from persons fit for non-combatant service, was intended for rear service. A special place in the Russian laws on military service was occupied by various types of exemptions from military service, deferrals and benefits. Benefits in the second category were received by the only son capable of working, with a father capable of working, if the father was 50 years old, and he did not have another son who had reached 16 years of age, or was in active military service and was subject to dismissal next year. Benefits had only a conditional value, since they gave the right to exemption from service only if there was a contingent of military age sufficient to replenish the army, which did not have benefits.
In 1895, Morduch's father, Chaim, was 50 years old, and the youngest son Gershko (10 years old) had not reached the age of 16. For this reason, Morduch was enlisted in the militia of the 2nd category.
Reference: From 1853 to 1895, the Russian Empire continued to expand in Central Asia, waging wars with numerous peoples and khanates of the region https://www.idelreal.org/a/31835627.html.
2 digits"*)
*) Militia: military formations created for the duration of the war from the civilian population not in military service (mainly volunteers); divided into 2 categories: 1st - from persons fit for military service, intended to replenish the army; 2nd - from persons fit for non-combatant service, was intended for rear service. A special place in the Russian laws on military service was occupied by various types of exemptions from military service, deferrals and benefits. Benefits in the second category were received by the only son capable of working, with a father capable of working, if the father was 50 years old, and he did not have another son who had reached 16 years of age, or was in active military service and was subject to dismissal next year. Benefits had only a conditional value, since they gave the right to exemption from service only if there was a contingent of military age sufficient to replenish the army, which did not have benefits.
In 1895, Morduch's father, Chaim, was 50 years old, and the youngest son Gershko (10 years old) had not reached the age of 16. For this reason, Morduch was enlisted in the militia of the 2nd category.
Reference: From 1853 to 1895, the Russian Empire continued to expand in Central Asia, waging wars with numerous peoples and khanates of the region https://www.idelreal.org/a/31835627.html.
1880 Verification of trade and industrial establishments of Radomyshl, Tarashchansky and Chigirinsky districts of the Kiev region (document found by Ilya Goldfarb)
Highlighted from the above document: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Month What institution belongs Who is in production According to what certificate, Marks about
date and where it is located. institution. trade, industry, or whence, when and for what # property and
who manages the handicrafts issued, produces the amount of trade
institution. bargaining, fishing, or craft. and fishing.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
November In the m. Malin
132 19 small shop *) Meshch. Chaim Sam on ticket # 655 Jun 30th Minor
Maloratsky on the petty trade # 65530
30 June
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Month What institution belongs Who is in production According to what certificate, Marks about
date and where it is located. institution. trade, industry, or whence, when and for what # property and
who manages the handicrafts issued, produces the amount of trade
institution. bargaining, fishing, or craft. and fishing.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
November In the m. Malin
132 19 small shop *) Meshch. Chaim Sam on ticket # 655 Jun 30th Minor
Maloratsky on the petty trade # 65530
30 June
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
*) Due to the lack of work, every third Jew in the Pale was engaged in petty trade in shops or peddling. One shop accounted for, on average, twenty to thirty residents (in the inner provinces, by a hundred or two), and the working capital in Jewish shops often amounted to two or three rubles. Because of the fierce competition, Jews sold goods at lower prices, and therefore the cost of basic necessities within the Pale of Settlement was lower than in the inner provinces. Lacking sufficient capital, the Jewish merchants tried to increase the number of transactions in order to quickly gain the money invested and put them back into circulation. This gave their trade flexibility and mobility; they were actively looking for a buyer and penetrated the most distant places.
http://www.istok.ru/library/206-ocherki-vremen-i-sobytiy-3-chast-tretya-s-1882-po-1920-god.html
From the cited archival documents it follows that Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky was the last of our kind who was engaged in trade. His children: the son of Mordechai (Mark) (our grandfather) was engaged in the manufacture of leather goods in Radomysl, the daughters of Tsipa and Chava worked at the Malinsky paper mill.
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/FMfcgxvzLNZkWCJpXRxVrjQmBGctrPdJ
"When everyone built the pyramids, the Jews fought. When everyone rushed to fight and forbade Jews to fight, the Jews began to trade.
When everyone rushed to trade and prohibited Jews from trading, Jews began to study science, like me.
I wonder what will happen when everyone rushes to do science and forbid science to Jews?
I can’t think of anything! " I.M.Gelfand
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.63
The list is the faces of the Jews of the parishioners of the Great Prayer School near the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish Compiled in January 1895:
We below described the Kiev province of Radomysl district Jews, residents of Malina. The parishioners of the above prayer house were collected by members of the religious board in two thirds in cash of the parishioners of this school who had the bluest voting rights ... about police station 14 of Radomysl district presented to us, which is 26 this February. in Radomysl, elections are being held to elect a county state rabbi, to which the county authorities demand that two people be elected from our county borough and from every house of worship to participate in the add-elections. That is why they unanimously sentenced two trustworthy trustworthy people from among our parishioners, namely Leiser Mun Moruhovich Moruhovsky and Berko Iosifovich Dukler, on whom we are obliged to appear on the 26th of February this year to participate in such elections according to their opinion and that they are legitimately in charge of arguing and reject we will not, this sentence is signed by ours and for witnessing and sending to where it should be, we have the honor to introduce the petty bourgeois:
.......................................
3. Maloratsky Chaim (signature)
..................................
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.71-72
The verdict of the Hebrews of the Malinsky Big Prayer School, consisting at the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish of 1895 February:
We, the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd, Kiev, the village of Malina. The parishioners of the Big Prayer School gathered this number of members of the religious board to the said school in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners ... ............. The verdict was signed by the commoners:
..............................
Kh.Maloratsky (signature)
.....................
(40 people in total)
Note: Chaim Maloratsky is the father of Mark Maloratsky, the great-grandfather of Leo Maloratsky.
It should be noted that Chaim Moruhovich Maloratsky with his family has long lived in Malin. And his son Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (after marrying Chana Kagansky) and his family lived in Radomysl, as evidenced by earlier archival documents. Why did you need the status of the townspeople of the town of Malin Mordechai and his family can only guess. Obviously, this was due to the leather business of Mordechai Chaimovich and, perhaps, to tax restrictions (?).
The diagram of generations 6 - 7 of Chaim Maloratsky (the father of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky):
Daughters Tsipa and Chava worked at a paper mill.
The Malinsky paper mill was founded in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper. The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since almost no one made it in Russia ... Orders for the Malin "filigree" poured in from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main product at the factory, they began to produce tipping and wrapping paper. The factory produced 14-15 thousand poods of paper per year. And the products of the Malin factory were of very good quality ... The Malin craftsmen became famous throughout Russia and even beyond its borders ... Already in 1872, that is, a year after the founding of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in Vienna at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and a prize ... Malinsky tissue paper was distinguished by its purity and lightness and was soon awarded the highest awards at international and all-Russian exhibitions: - in Brussels -1906, in Rostov-on Don - 1909, in Edinets – 1911. https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
“Women (such as the Maloratsky sisters, ed.) And youngsters, from dawn until late at night, worked in the factory yard or in the rag, finishing, paper shops, and they were paid 20-30 kopecks a day, that's half of what men earned money ... Barefoot, in dirty shabby clothes, workers walked on the cold cement floor and took out half-frozen mass from huge vats or dragged heavy wet paper across the yard into the dryer ... The air in the room was saturated with vapors of acids and chemicals (bleach and other paper bleaches), people were suffocating, coughing, but continued to work ... In the rag shop there was a column of dust and no ventilation ... Not everyone could withstand such conditions ... Even the healthiest guy, having worked in such conditions, after a few months became thin, pale as death and weak, like an old man ... " https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
Around 1900. Chava Maloratsky married a resident of the Brusilov borough, Yakov Pomirche, and moved from m. Malin in m. Brusilov, where the family of Yakov lived: brother Chaim (German) (b.1892), sisters Dina (b. 1888), Esther (b. 1893), Golda (b.1898). In the family of Chava and Yakov, a son, Chaim, was born in 1906, and a youngest son, Yakov, in 1916. According to Jewish tradition*), the first son born was named after his paternal grandfather if he was dying by the time the grandson was born, i.e. named Nathan. Consequently, it is likely that the first son of Yakov and Chava died in infancy. Therefore, the second (after Nathan) son was named after Yankel's paternal great-grandfather, Chaim Pomirchi (1794-1819), or Chaim Maloratsky's maternal grandfather. The third son was named Yakov in honor of his paternal great-grandfather Yankel-Chaim. But this is just an assumption, not yet supported by facts.
*) Jewish traditions related to the choice of names for newborns: the firstborn was named after the paternal grandfather, the second boy was named after the maternal grandfather, the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl was named after the maternal grandmother, the next one after paternal uncle / aunt, next after maternal uncle / aunt, etc.
The Malinsky paper mill was founded in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper. The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since almost no one made it in Russia ... Orders for the Malin "filigree" poured in from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main product at the factory, they began to produce tipping and wrapping paper. The factory produced 14-15 thousand poods of paper per year. And the products of the Malin factory were of very good quality ... The Malin craftsmen became famous throughout Russia and even beyond its borders ... Already in 1872, that is, a year after the founding of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in Vienna at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and a prize ... Malinsky tissue paper was distinguished by its purity and lightness and was soon awarded the highest awards at international and all-Russian exhibitions: - in Brussels -1906, in Rostov-on Don - 1909, in Edinets – 1911. https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
“Women (such as the Maloratsky sisters, ed.) And youngsters, from dawn until late at night, worked in the factory yard or in the rag, finishing, paper shops, and they were paid 20-30 kopecks a day, that's half of what men earned money ... Barefoot, in dirty shabby clothes, workers walked on the cold cement floor and took out half-frozen mass from huge vats or dragged heavy wet paper across the yard into the dryer ... The air in the room was saturated with vapors of acids and chemicals (bleach and other paper bleaches), people were suffocating, coughing, but continued to work ... In the rag shop there was a column of dust and no ventilation ... Not everyone could withstand such conditions ... Even the healthiest guy, having worked in such conditions, after a few months became thin, pale as death and weak, like an old man ... " https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
Around 1900. Chava Maloratsky married a resident of the Brusilov borough, Yakov Pomirche, and moved from m. Malin in m. Brusilov, where the family of Yakov lived: brother Chaim (German) (b.1892), sisters Dina (b. 1888), Esther (b. 1893), Golda (b.1898). In the family of Chava and Yakov, a son, Chaim, was born in 1906, and a youngest son, Yakov, in 1916. According to Jewish tradition*), the first son born was named after his paternal grandfather if he was dying by the time the grandson was born, i.e. named Nathan. Consequently, it is likely that the first son of Yakov and Chava died in infancy. Therefore, the second (after Nathan) son was named after Yankel's paternal great-grandfather, Chaim Pomirchi (1794-1819), or Chaim Maloratsky's maternal grandfather. The third son was named Yakov in honor of his paternal great-grandfather Yankel-Chaim. But this is just an assumption, not yet supported by facts.
*) Jewish traditions related to the choice of names for newborns: the firstborn was named after the paternal grandfather, the second boy was named after the maternal grandfather, the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl was named after the maternal grandmother, the next one after paternal uncle / aunt, next after maternal uncle / aunt, etc.
In 1919, in those regions of Ukraine that were under the control of the Directory, including the Brusilov borough, pogroms became a constant disaster for Jews. Numerous insurgent groups (in fact, gangs) that fought with the Bolsheviks and Denikinites were especially cruel towards the Jews. Atamans Angel, Volynets, Gonchar-Batrak, Dyakov, Zeleny, Kazakov, Lyakhovich, Mordalevich, Ogorodnikov, Sokol, Sokolov, brothers Sokolovskiy, Struk, Tyutyunnik, Shepel and others "became famous" for bloody pogroms. Almost all communities of Podolia and Kyiv region suffered as a result of their atrocities ...
In Brusilov, the entire Jewish population was destroyed, in Gaisin, 152 people died, in Dubno (Volyn province) the number of dead and wounded reached 300 (in total, about 900 Jews lived in this town). In Radomysl, the bandits Dm. Sokolovsky was killed by about 400 Jews.
https://eleven.co.il/diaspora/regions-and-countries/15410/#06
Atamansha Marusya Chorna ‚ a former village teacher‚ flying into the place with her gang ‚did not leave a single Jew alive. Ataman Struk visited the armies of S. Petlyura and A. Denikin ‚ he was also the commander of the Red Army‚ but at all times he robbed and killed the Jewish population. The Volyntsa gang wounded and killed about two hundred people in Bratslav. All Jews perished in Brusilov. https://felixkandel.org/index.php/component/content/article/1-articles/343-2011-05-08-17-34-39.html
In one of these Jewish pogroms in Brusilov on August 14, 1919, Yakov Pomirche was brutally killed.
His widow Chava Maloratsky (Pomirche) with her children soon after this tragedy immigrated from Russia to America.
In Brusilov, the entire Jewish population was destroyed, in Gaisin, 152 people died, in Dubno (Volyn province) the number of dead and wounded reached 300 (in total, about 900 Jews lived in this town). In Radomysl, the bandits Dm. Sokolovsky was killed by about 400 Jews.
https://eleven.co.il/diaspora/regions-and-countries/15410/#06
Atamansha Marusya Chorna ‚ a former village teacher‚ flying into the place with her gang ‚did not leave a single Jew alive. Ataman Struk visited the armies of S. Petlyura and A. Denikin ‚ he was also the commander of the Red Army‚ but at all times he robbed and killed the Jewish population. The Volyntsa gang wounded and killed about two hundred people in Bratslav. All Jews perished in Brusilov. https://felixkandel.org/index.php/component/content/article/1-articles/343-2011-05-08-17-34-39.html
In one of these Jewish pogroms in Brusilov on August 14, 1919, Yakov Pomirche was brutally killed.
His widow Chava Maloratsky (Pomirche) with her children soon after this tragedy immigrated from Russia to America.
Comments:
Departure point “Lemberg” is the former name of Lviv in German, which existed in 1795–1914.
"Millinery" is the design and manufacture of hats. Milliner designs, manufactures, cuts or sells hats. Historically, billionaires, usually female shopkeepers, produced or imported an inventory of clothing for men, women, and children, including hats, shirts, raincoats, shifts, caps, neckerchiefs, and underwear, and sold these garments in their store.
RMS Aquitania was a British ocean liner of the Cunard Line in service from 1914 to 1950
RMS Aquitania on her maiden voyage in 1914 in New York Harbor
Cherbourg (France) - New York 1922-11-15 SS Reliance Passenger List
|
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10512-144985415/chava-pomirczy-in-ellis-island-other-new-york-passenger-lists
Name Chava Pomirczy Gender Female Birth Circa 1885 Arrival Dec 2 1922 New York, New York, United States Departure Southampton, England Ship Aquitania Age 37 Line 49 Name Chaim Pomirczy Gender Male Birth Circa 1907 Arrival Dec 2 1922 New York, New York, United States Departure Southampton, England Ship Aquitania Age 15 Line 49a Name Szolem Pomirczy Gender Male Birth Circa 1916 Arrival Dec 1 1922 New York, New York, United States Departure Cherbourg, France Ship Aquitania Age 6 Last permanent residence Lemberg, Galicia Nationality Russia Marital status Single Relative in country of origin Srolem Beresowski (Cousin) Relative joined in the U.S. Dr Herman M. Pomrenze(father or uncle) Line 9 Name Golda Pomirczy Gender Female Birth Circa 1898 Arrival Dec 1 1922 New York, New York, United States Departure Cherbourg, France Ship Aquitania Age24 Last permanent residence Lemberg, Galicia Nationality Russia Marital status Single Relative in country of origin Srolem Beresowski (Cousin) Relative joined in the U.S. Dr Herman M. Pomrenze (Brother) Line 7 Name Ester Pomirczy Gender Female Birth Circa 1893 ArrivalDec 1 1922 New York, New York, United States Departure Cherbourg, France Ship Aquitania Age29 Last permanent residence Lemberg, Galicia Nationality Russia Marital status Single Relative in country of origin Srolem Beresowski (Cousin) Relative joined in the U.S. Dr Herman M. Pomrenze(Brother) Line 6 |
A three-year journey took them to Chicago, where many members of a large family settled, including the late Jacob's sister, Dean. The family decided that Sholom would be raised by his father's sister Dina and her husband Shalom Zeldich. The family settled in Chicago, where his uncle (brother of Jacob's deceased father) lived (This was Dr. Herman M. Pomrenze, a prominent Labor Zionist).
In the second part of the above immigration questionnaire, you can find the handwritten name of the Yakov Pomrichi brother: Dr. Herman Pomrenze (prominent Labor Zionist), who was the guarantor of the relatives visiting him, as well as his place of residence: 1600 S. Homan Ave. Chicago.
The Jewish population of Chicago was concentrated on the West Side. By 1930, Chicago was home to 275,000 Jews, making it the third largest Jewish population after New York and Warsaw. That year, 80% of Chicago's Jews were from Eastern Europe. Jews in Chicago made up 8% of the city's population. https://ru.qaz.wiki/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Chicago
In May 1928, the marriage of Israel-Chaim S. Pomrenze (b.1906) (the eldest son of Yakov Pomrichi and Eva Maloratsky) and Bessie Gerefeld (b.1900) took place:
The youngest son of Chava Maloratsky, Sholom Pomrenze, was brought up in a Hasidic synagogue, as well as in a secular and Jewish school. After high school, he attended the Lewis Institute and the University of Chicago, earned a master's degree and worked on a doctorate in Jewish history. While doing research in Washington, DC, in 1939, he ran out of money and took a job at the National Archives, the predecessor to the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).
Pomrenze became a naturalized citizen in 1937 and received a master's degree in history from the University of Chicago before pursuing his doctorate in Jewish history. He knew German, Hebrew and Yiddish. In 1940-1941. He served as Head of Historical Records Research for the Manufacturing Process Administration (WPA) in Chicago.
Chava Pomrenze died in 1935.
On the tombstone of Chava Pomrenze (Maloratsky) it is written:
“Chava Pomrenze, may she rest in peace, daughter of D. Chaim, of blessed memory. Malin, Brusilov, Ukraine, Chicago. Died 13 Tammuz [Tertz "a] = June 21 [1935] her bones were transferred to the Holy Land 16 Elul 5753 = September 2, 1993 The wife of Holy Jacob ben Nathan Pomirche killed for martyrdom (Kidush Hashem) in Brusilov 18 Menachem Av 5679 = August 14, 1919 Dancing = Let her soul be bound by the bonds of life. "
*) The remains of Chava Pomrenze (Maloratsky) in 1993 were transferred from the United States to Israel.
On the tombstone of Chava Pomrenze (Maloratsky) it is written:
“Chava Pomrenze, may she rest in peace, daughter of D. Chaim, of blessed memory. Malin, Brusilov, Ukraine, Chicago. Died 13 Tammuz [Tertz "a] = June 21 [1935] her bones were transferred to the Holy Land 16 Elul 5753 = September 2, 1993 The wife of Holy Jacob ben Nathan Pomirche killed for martyrdom (Kidush Hashem) in Brusilov 18 Menachem Av 5679 = August 14, 1919 Dancing = Let her soul be bound by the bonds of life. "
*) The remains of Chava Pomrenze (Maloratsky) in 1993 were transferred from the United States to Israel.
Seymour Pomrenze (1916 - 2011). Towards the end of World War II, he volunteered for the OSS (the intelligence agency that was the forerunner of the CIA), hoping to go abroad. He was assigned to the Research and Analysis Department and spent the final months of the war in India, Burma and China. From July 1941 to May 1942 he worked as an assistant at the National Archives. After serving in the US Army, Pomrenze served in the Office of Strategic Services at the China-Burma Theater from 1944 to 1945. But it was his post-war appointment that made him a man of monuments ("Monuments Men").
“The United States policy regarding looted Nazi property in its war zone was“ swift restitution to the country of origin. ” To achieve this, the US Army established an Offenbach assembly point at the I. G. Farben industrial complex in Offenbach am Main. Offenbach's first director, Captain Seymur Pomrenze, a young 29-year-old archivist with only 9 months of experience, formulated an action plan to identify and sort the books that led to “processing - receiving and / or sending - over 1.8 million storage units contained in 2251 boxes, stacks, packages and stacks ...
The challenge posed by the immense material at Offenbach resonated with Pomrenze on both a historical and a personal level. By preserving, saving and recovering millions of books, archives and cultural property plundered by the Nazis, Seymur Pomrenze has been active in world history, reversing the tide of Nazi plunder and making Offenbach the antithesis of the ERR. Pomrenze's ability to ensure the spiritual survival of destroyed Jewish communities while preserving their cultural vestiges gave him a gratifying sense of service to both the Jewish people and Jewish history.
On a more personal level, Seymour Pomrenze's restoration and conservation work embodied the Jewish concept of tikkun olam (restoring peace) - the antidote to the murder of his father during the Russian pogrom in 1919.
“The United States policy regarding looted Nazi property in its war zone was“ swift restitution to the country of origin. ” To achieve this, the US Army established an Offenbach assembly point at the I. G. Farben industrial complex in Offenbach am Main. Offenbach's first director, Captain Seymur Pomrenze, a young 29-year-old archivist with only 9 months of experience, formulated an action plan to identify and sort the books that led to “processing - receiving and / or sending - over 1.8 million storage units contained in 2251 boxes, stacks, packages and stacks ...
The challenge posed by the immense material at Offenbach resonated with Pomrenze on both a historical and a personal level. By preserving, saving and recovering millions of books, archives and cultural property plundered by the Nazis, Seymur Pomrenze has been active in world history, reversing the tide of Nazi plunder and making Offenbach the antithesis of the ERR. Pomrenze's ability to ensure the spiritual survival of destroyed Jewish communities while preserving their cultural vestiges gave him a gratifying sense of service to both the Jewish people and Jewish history.
On a more personal level, Seymour Pomrenze's restoration and conservation work embodied the Jewish concept of tikkun olam (restoring peace) - the antidote to the murder of his father during the Russian pogrom in 1919.
9 generations of Maloratsky and Pomirhi Families
Descendants of the Maloratsky / Pomrenze
Meeting of the descendants of the Maloratsky and Pomrenze in the apartment of the Maloratsky, New York, June 14, 2021
Meeting of the descendants of the Maloratsky and Pomrenze in the apartment of the Maloratsky, New York, June 14, 2021
Leo Maloratsky, Haya Pomrenze, Tema Maloratsky, Jonathan Pomrenze, Anna Maloratsky with her daughter Dalia
Second cousins Haya Pomrenze and brother Leo Maloratsky
Avrum (Abracham) Morduchovich Maloratsky
Abraham Maloratsky
Wife Rifka Ivonsky
Son Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky, Birth Year (Estimated) 1894, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Marriage 20 Feb 1917 Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, Age 23
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky, Age 21, Birth Year (Estimated) 1896 г., Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Spouse's Father's Name Isidor, Spouse's Mother's Name
Rose Schael, children: Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (b.1917 г.) , Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (b.1926 г.)
CITING THIS RECORD
"New York, New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1940," database, Family Search (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9V : accessed 14 February 2016), Abraham in entry for Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky, 20 Feb 1917; citing Marriage, Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, New York City Municipal Archives, New York; FHL microfilm 1,614,657.
https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
Wife Rifka Ivonsky
Son Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky, Birth Year (Estimated) 1894, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Marriage 20 Feb 1917 Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, Age 23
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky, Age 21, Birth Year (Estimated) 1896 г., Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Spouse's Father's Name Isidor, Spouse's Mother's Name
Rose Schael, children: Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (b.1917 г.) , Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (b.1926 г.)
CITING THIS RECORD
"New York, New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1940," database, Family Search (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9V : accessed 14 February 2016), Abraham in entry for Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky, 20 Feb 1917; citing Marriage, Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, New York City Municipal Archives, New York; FHL microfilm 1,614,657.
https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9J:
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
mentioned in the record of Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky
Name Harry Maloratsky
Event Type Marriage
Event Date 20 Feb 1917
Event Place Manhattan, New York, New York, United States
Gender Male
Age 23
Marital Status Single
Race White
Birth Year (Estimated) 1894
Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Father's Name Abracham
Mother's Name Rifka Ivonsky
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky
Spouse's Gender Female
Spouse's Age 21
Spouse's Marital Status Single
Spouse's Race White
Spouse's Birth Year (Estimated) 1896
Spouse's Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Spouse's Father's Name Isidor
Spouse's Mother's Name Rose Schael
children:
Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (1859-?), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926-1990)
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9J:
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
mentioned in the record of Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky
Name Harry Maloratsky
Event Type Marriage
Event Date 20 Feb 1917
Event Place Manhattan, New York, New York, United States
Gender Male
Age 23
Marital Status Single
Race White
Birth Year (Estimated) 1894
Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Father's Name Abracham
Mother's Name Rifka Ivonsky
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky
Spouse's Gender Female
Spouse's Age 21
Spouse's Marital Status Single
Spouse's Race White
Spouse's Birth Year (Estimated) 1896
Spouse's Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Spouse's Father's Name Isidor
Spouse's Mother's Name Rose Schael
children:
Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (1859-?), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926-1990)
According to the "First General Population Census of the Russian Empire of 1897" in Malin, the family of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky was (see below) from the "master" of Avrum Morduchovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 38 years old (b.1859), the wives of these Rivka at the time of the census of 36 years (b.1861), the son of Morduch Avrumovich at the time of the 17th census (b.1880), the son of Mikhel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 13 years (b.1884), the son of Zusya Avrumovich at the time of the census of 8 years (b.1889), the son of Yudko Avrumovich at the time of the census of 4 years (b.1893), the son of Rachmiel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 3 years (b.1894) daughter of Chava Avramovna at the time of the census of 9 years (b.1888), daughter Chaika Avramovna at the time of the census of 2 years (b.1895). Avrum Morduchovich was engaged in the trade in petty goods*). |
*) Trade activities have traditionally been considered a kind of professional specialization of Eastern European Jews. Jewish boys after completing their studies in heder, chose one of two "states" - "devote themselves to trade or a scientist in the field." Of course, this view of Jewish studies is not true due to extreme simplification, since there were many artisans, hired workers, etc. Modern researchers also agree that during the period under review it was petty trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; in addition, in the Jewish environment there was a certain number of rich merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the census of 1897, trade accounted for 38.65% of the self-employed Jewish population, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all employed in trade. *)
Second brother Avrum Maloratsky, who left Malin, settled with his family in New York. Leo Maloratsky and his cousin Efim Zakon found the grave of the son of Avrum - Samuel in the New York Jewish cemetery (see below). After immigration to America, family members changed their names: Avrum - Abracham, Morduch - Max; Zisel - Samuel, Sam; Mihel - Michel, Rahmiel - Harry, Judko - Judah, Chava - Eva, Chaika - Ida. The 7th generation of Avrum Maloratsky changed his surname Maloratsky to Mallor.
Diagram of generations 6 - 7 of Avrum (Abracham) Maloratsky
(Khaim Maloratsky's cousin, father of our grand-father Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky)
1890 - 1930
Amendments: Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky b.1880; Zisel (Sam, Samuel) b.1889 или 1891 (?); d.1931 in NY, NY
Abraham Maloratsky
WikiTree
Birth: 1859 - Russia
Father: Mordechai Maloratsky
Wife: Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Children: Chava Eva Maloratsky, Chalka Ida Maloratsky, Rachmiel Harry Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel Sam Malaretsky, Michel Maloratsky, Mordche Max Maloratsky
Family of Chava Maloratsky, see https://www.wikitree.com/genealogy/Maloratsky-Descendants-1
From the above diagram of the family of Abraham Maloratsky, it follows that some of his descendants in the 7th generation changed their surname: Maloratsky to Mаllor: - grandson of Abraham, son of Zisel (Samuel) Maloratsky - Max Mallor; - the grandson of Abraham, the son of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky - Solomon Mallor; - the grandson of Abraham, another son of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky - David Mallor.
In Malin, as follows from the table below, Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky had the right to vote in the Kiev Provincial Duma, as he had real estate valued at 200 rubles. The number of Malin voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 amounted to no more than 1000 people. (with the number of inhabitants of raspberry more than 6000 people).
Abraham Maloratsky
WikiTree
Birth: 1859 - Russia
Father: Mordechai Maloratsky
Wife: Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Children: Chava Eva Maloratsky, Chalka Ida Maloratsky, Rachmiel Harry Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel Sam Malaretsky, Michel Maloratsky, Mordche Max Maloratsky
Family of Chava Maloratsky, see https://www.wikitree.com/genealogy/Maloratsky-Descendants-1
From the above diagram of the family of Abraham Maloratsky, it follows that some of his descendants in the 7th generation changed their surname: Maloratsky to Mаllor: - grandson of Abraham, son of Zisel (Samuel) Maloratsky - Max Mallor; - the grandson of Abraham, the son of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky - Solomon Mallor; - the grandson of Abraham, another son of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky - David Mallor.
In Malin, as follows from the table below, Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky had the right to vote in the Kiev Provincial Duma, as he had real estate valued at 200 rubles. The number of Malin voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 amounted to no more than 1000 people. (with the number of inhabitants of raspberry more than 6000 people).
The census form of the family of Abraham Morduchovich Maloratsky:
File: ДАЖО 552-3-29. 1891. Посімейні списки Малинського єврейського товариства Радомисльського повіту.pdf :
This list allowed us to correct the previously given data of the Avrum Maloratsky family:
Family Composition:
old data: new data:
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky b.1859 ............................................ ..........Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky b.1858
his wife Etya Rivka b. 1859.................................................. ................................Esther Rivka Gershevna b.1860
his sons: his sons:
Morduh b.1872 ............................................... ................................................. ..........Morduch b.1874
Michel b. 1884 ................................................... ................................................. .......Mikhel b.1879
Zisel b.1889 .............................................. ................................................. .................Zus b. 1886
Judas b.1890...................................... ...........................................................................Yudin b.1887
Rahmael b.1894
his daughters: his daughters:
Chava b.1888 .............................................. ................................................. .................. Chava b.1880
Haika b.1895
Family Composition:
old data: new data:
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky b.1859 ............................................ ..........Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky b.1858
his wife Etya Rivka b. 1859.................................................. ................................Esther Rivka Gershevna b.1860
his sons: his sons:
Morduh b.1872 ............................................... ................................................. ..........Morduch b.1874
Michel b. 1884 ................................................... ................................................. .......Mikhel b.1879
Zisel b.1889 .............................................. ................................................. .................Zus b. 1886
Judas b.1890...................................... ...........................................................................Yudin b.1887
Rahmael b.1894
his daughters: his daughters:
Chava b.1888 .............................................. ................................................. .................. Chava b.1880
Haika b.1895
Mordhe (Мах) Avrumovich Maloratsky
(son of Abraham and Etya Rivka Maloratsky)
Mordche (Max) Maloratsky (1879 - 1945) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-8 Mordche (Max)
Born 1879 (1880) in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malarаtsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Husband of Liebe Maloritzke
Father of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David Mallor*) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Abraham Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky
Died 21 Oct 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
(son of Abraham and Etya Rivka Maloratsky)
Mordche (Max) Maloratsky (1879 - 1945) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-8 Mordche (Max)
Born 1879 (1880) in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malarаtsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Husband of Liebe Maloritzke
Father of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David Mallor*) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Abraham Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky
Died 21 Oct 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Etia Rivka (1860-1951) Mordechai (Max) Liebe (Libby) Lena Family of Max Maloratsky
Maloratsky (1880-1945) Divorska (1883-1947) Left to right. Rebecca (Rifka) Ivonsky
(Max's mother), Ida Maloratsky,
Max Maloratsky and Liebe Dvorsky
(Max's wife). We don't know who are
the two the chidren, it could be David's
older sisters Molly & Rose
https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~
United States Census, 1940
Name Max Maloratsky
Event Type Census
Event Date 1940
Event Place Assembly District 1, Manhattan, New York City, New York, New York, United States
Sex Male
Age 57
Marital Status Married
Relationship to Head of Household Head
Birthplace Russia
Birth Year (Estimated) 1883
Maloratsky (1880-1945) Divorska (1883-1947) Left to right. Rebecca (Rifka) Ivonsky
(Max's mother), Ida Maloratsky,
Max Maloratsky and Liebe Dvorsky
(Max's wife). We don't know who are
the two the chidren, it could be David's
older sisters Molly & Rose
https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~
United States Census, 1940
Name Max Maloratsky
Event Type Census
Event Date 1940
Event Place Assembly District 1, Manhattan, New York City, New York, New York, United States
Sex Male
Age 57
Marital Status Married
Relationship to Head of Household Head
Birthplace Russia
Birth Year (Estimated) 1883
Max Maloratsky
23 Suffolk St., NY NY*)
Birth Year: 1880
Birthplace: Russia
Occupation: Peddler**)
Max Maloratsky 224 18 th Ave, NJ Roe & Conover Wrought and Cast Iron Pipe Fittings and Valves 206 210 Frelinghuysen Ave. Newark, N.J. Bussiness Directory 1914 г.
and
Harness Mfrs. and Dealers
https://books.google.com/books?id=86JIAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1606&lpg=PA1606&dq=Aaron+Maloratsky&source=bl&ots=btmn6RoV_V&sig=MY9tv87EFcMulNh9Kt2au6hyD3s&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiG9P7yu9bcAhWU8oMKHe-nBG0Q6AEwDXoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=Aaron%20Maloratsky&f=false
*) Suffolk Street is located on the Lower East Side. The bulk of immigrants who arrived in New York in the late 19th and early 20th centuries settled in the tenement houses of the Lower East Side, while in New York's Lower East Side, which is about 4.5 square meters. km. in 1915 there were 350 thousand Jews. They were distinguished by a low level of housing construction (often these were real slums), an unsanitary condition, and a high level of crime. They lived here in overcrowded apartment buildings - dark, stuffy and dirty.
**) the second most important sphere of employment (after sewing) of new immigrants was small-scale trade, including in distribution (in contrast to peddling (peddler) of the mid-19th century, it was carried out mainly within one city or even a district). The clients of the small traders were almost exclusively residents of the Jewish quarters. The pedlers were engaged in small retail trade on the streets, where they spent 5-6 hours selling clothes, shoes, hats, cosmetics, small household items of good quality at quite low prices. Many of them later managed to become store owners and climb the social ladder.
Illustrations: Typical Lower East Side Residence and Small Retail Trade of Jewish Immigrants
Liebe (Libby, Lena) Maloritzke (Divorska) (wife of Max Maloratsky)
PASSANGER RECORD:
- First Name : Liebe
- Last Name : Maloritzke
- Nationality : Russia, Hebrew
- Last Place of Residence : Malin, Russia
- Date of Arrival : August 25th, 1913
- Age at Arrival : 35y
- Gender : Female
- Marital Status : Married
- Ship of Travel : Noordam
- Port of Departure : Rotterdam, Holland
- Manifest Line Number : 0008
Libby Maloratsky Wife Russia
Rebecca Maloratsky Mother F78 Russia
Benjamin Altman Son-in-law M28 New York
Rebecca Altman Daughter F25 New York
Sondra Altman Granddaughter F3 New York
Children of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky and Libi Devorska
List of our ancestors (children of Mordechai) from Malin who arrived in Ellis Island (USA):
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~&collection_id=1368704&offset=60 :
First name Last name Event Date Age Departure Port Gender Marital Ship Name
______________________________________________________________________________________
Liebe Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 35y Rotterdam Female M Noordam
Masie Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 11y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
David Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 10y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Ruchel Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 8y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Salmon Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 6y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Basie Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 2y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
Manie Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 4y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1. David Maloritzke (Mallor)
PASSENGER REPORT:
- First Name : David
- Last Name : Maloritzke
- Nationality : Russia, Hebrew
- Last Place of Residence : Malin, Russia
- Date of Arrival : August 25th, 1913
- Age at Arrival : 10y
- Gender : Male
- Marital Status : Single
- Ship of Travel : Noordam
- Port of Departure : Rotterdam, Holland
- Manifest Line Number : 0010
https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMallor~
David Mallor
United States Census, 1940
Event Place Assembly District 2, Brooklyn, New York City, Kings, New York, United States
Gender Male
Age 34
Marital Status Married
Race White
Relationship to Head of Household
Birthplace Russia
Birth Year (Estimated)1906
Last Place of Residence Same Place
Pauline Mallor Wife F31 New York
Donna Mallor Daughter F6 New York
Corinne Mallor Daughter F4 New York
Сертификат о бракосочетании David Mallor и Pauline Cohen David (Mallor) MALORATSKY (1905–1973) BIRTH 6/OCT/1905 • Kiev, Ukraine DEATH 1/OCT/1973 • Far Rockaway, NY Pauline Cohen (1906–1963) BIRTH 11/MAY/1906 • Brooklyn, NY DEATH 5/MAY/1963 • New York, NY |
David (Mallor) Maloratsky (1905 - 1973) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-13
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
Interesting information about the family of Abraham - the uncle of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky
(obtained from archival materials on the First General Census of the Population Malin 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00504 Year 1897. Year 1897.
First General Population Census
Kiev Province, Radomysl District, metro Malin, Markman's house, apartment number 2
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname, name, patronymic, Sex, How recorded How much Single, Estate, Is Here Is Here Where Is Vero Native Literacy Occupation, craft,
M have been years married, married born register lives language a b
F head? or age? widow or rank, if not if not if not knowledge where
your family? or divorced? where where where read. was taught
namely namely namely ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky m households. 38 female . broom here here is Judah Heb. yes home Merchant petty. goods
Avrum by Heb.
Morduchovich
2. Maloratsky wife 36 deputies . broom here here is Judah. Heb. no with her husband
Etlya
Rivkah
3. Maloratsky son 17 broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home with my father
Morduh
Avrumovich
4. Maloratsky son 13 broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home with my father
Michel
Avrumovich
5. Maloratsky son 8 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Zus
Avrumovich
6. Maloratsky m son 4 bersch. here here is Judah. Heb. under father
Yudko
Avrumovich
7. Maloratsky m son 3 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. under father
Reichman
Avrumovich
8. Maloratsky w daughter 9 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Hava
Avrumovna
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-
Comments: A comparison with the above chart for Abraham shows some (minor) discrepancies:
in the Census: in the diagram:
Avrum Abraham
wife Etlya Rivka b: 1861. Etya Rivka b: 1859.
son Morduch b: 1880 Mordechai b: 1879 (or 1883)
son Michel Michel
son Zus Zisel
son Yudko b: 1893 Yuta b: 1890
son Reichman Rashmiel
Unspecified daughter Hayka b: 1895
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We are the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the village of Malin. The parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were gathered by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... of our town, two people were elected by sentence from each house of prayer to participate in these reliable and trustworthy elections, namely, Leizor-Muni Morduhovich Moruhovsky and Burke Iosifovich Dukler ... This verdict was signed by the commoners: ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Comments: In 1895 Avrum Maloratsky (great-great-uncle Lev Maloratsky) with his family was still in Malin and immigrated with his family to America after 22 years, February 20, 1917
According to the "First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897" (see the above-listed "Census List") in Malin, the family of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky consisted of the "owner" Avrum Morduhovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 38 years old (b: 1859), the wife of These Rivki on census moment is 36 years old (b: 1861), son of Morduch Avrumovich at the time of the census is 17 years old (b: 1880), son of Michel Avrumovich at the time of the census is 13 years old (b: 1884), son of Zus Avrumovich at the time of census 8 years old (b: 1889), the son of Yudko Avrumovich at the time of the 4 census (b: 1893), the son of Rachmiel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 3 years (b: 1894) the daughter of Chava Avrumovna at the time The census is 9 years old (b: 1888), the daughters of Hayka Avrumovna at the time of the census are 2 years old (r: 1895).
Avrum Morduchovich was engaged in trade in small goods. *)
*) Trading activity has traditionally been considered a kind of professional specialization for Eastern European Jews. The Jewish boys, after graduating from the heder school, chose one of two “states” - “devote themselves to trade or to the academic field”. Of course, such a view of Jewish studies is not true due to extreme simplification, since there were many Jews among the Jews, artisans, employees, etc. Modern scholars also agree that during the period under consideration it was precisely small-scale trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; besides, in the Jewish environment there were a number of wealthy merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the 1897 census, 38.65% of the Jewish amateur population was engaged in trade, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all those employed in trade.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the district of Malin parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were gathered by members of the religious government in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... The town was elected by sentence to two people from each house of prayer to participate in these elections of trustworthy, trustworthy, namely, Leizor-Mune Moruhovich of Moruhovsky and Be ka Iosifovicha Duklera ..., This sentence was signed burgers ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Avrum Maloratsky, who left Malin on February 20, 1917, settled with his family in New York.
After immigration to America, family members changed their names: Avrum-Abracham, Morduch-Max, Zus-Samuel, Sam,
Michel-Michel, Rahmiel-Harry, Yudko-Judah, Hava-Eva, Hayk-Ida. The 7th generation of Avrum Maloratsky also changed his last name: Maloratsky to Mellor *).
*) Mellor (born Mallor) - English surname of Dutch origin.
For many immigrants, entry into American reality began with a change of personal names and surnames. Some chose names in English manners to make them easier to pronounce and assimilate, others to get closer to Native Americans (Maloratsky on the Mallor), and others to speed up their integration.
Descendants of Avrum Maloratsky
Rashmiel (Harry) Avrumovich Maloratsky
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky, Birth Year (Estimated) 1894, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Marriage 20 Feb 1917 Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, Age 23
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky, Age 21, Birth Year (Estimated) 1896, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Spouse's Mother's Name
Rose Schael, children: Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (b: 1917), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (b: 1926)
Source: https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
CITING THIS RECORD
"New York, New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1940," database, Family Search (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9V: accessed 14 February 2016), Abraham in entry for Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky, 20 Feb 1917; citing Marriage, Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, New York City Municipal Archives, New York; FHL microfilm 1,614,657.
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9J:
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky
Name Harry Maloratsky
Event type marriage
Event Date 20 Feb 1917
Event Place Manhattan, New York, New York, United States
Gender Male
Age 23
Marital Status Single
Race white
Birth Year (Estimated) 1894
Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Father's Name Abraham
Mother's Name Rifka Ivonsky
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky
Spouse's Gender Female
Spouse's Age 21
Spouse's Marital Status Single
Spouse's race white
Spouse's Birth Year (Estimated) 1896
Spouse's Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Spouse's Father's Name Isidor
Spouse's Mother's Name Rose Schael
children:
Abracham (Al) Maloratsky (1917-2006 гг.), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926-1990 гг.)
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky (1917-2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
US census 1940
(https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~)
Information
NameTitles and Terms Gender Age . Marital Status Race Relationship to Head of Household . BirthplaceBirth Year (Estimated) Occupation Last Place of Residence
Harry Maloratsky Male 45 Married White Head Russia 1895 Floor finish Same House
Eva Maloratsky Female . 42 . Married . White . Wife Russia 1898 Same House
Abe Maloratsky Male . 22 . Single . White . Son New York 1918 worker Metal factory . Same House
Julius Maloratsky Male 13 Single White Son New York 1927 Same House
(obtained from archival materials on the First General Census of the Population Malin 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00504 Year 1897. Year 1897.
First General Population Census
Kiev Province, Radomysl District, metro Malin, Markman's house, apartment number 2
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname, name, patronymic, Sex, How recorded How much Single, Estate, Is Here Is Here Where Is Vero Native Literacy Occupation, craft,
M have been years married, married born register lives language a b
F head? or age? widow or rank, if not if not if not knowledge where
your family? or divorced? where where where read. was taught
namely namely namely ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky m households. 38 female . broom here here is Judah Heb. yes home Merchant petty. goods
Avrum by Heb.
Morduchovich
2. Maloratsky wife 36 deputies . broom here here is Judah. Heb. no with her husband
Etlya
Rivkah
3. Maloratsky son 17 broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home with my father
Morduh
Avrumovich
4. Maloratsky son 13 broom here here is Judah. Heb. yes at home with my father
Michel
Avrumovich
5. Maloratsky son 8 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Zus
Avrumovich
6. Maloratsky m son 4 bersch. here here is Judah. Heb. under father
Yudko
Avrumovich
7. Maloratsky m son 3 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. under father
Reichman
Avrumovich
8. Maloratsky w daughter 9 broom. here here is Judah. Heb. no with father
Hava
Avrumovna
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-
Comments: A comparison with the above chart for Abraham shows some (minor) discrepancies:
in the Census: in the diagram:
Avrum Abraham
wife Etlya Rivka b: 1861. Etya Rivka b: 1859.
son Morduch b: 1880 Mordechai b: 1879 (or 1883)
son Michel Michel
son Zus Zisel
son Yudko b: 1893 Yuta b: 1890
son Reichman Rashmiel
Unspecified daughter Hayka b: 1895
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We are the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the village of Malin. The parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were gathered by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... of our town, two people were elected by sentence from each house of prayer to participate in these reliable and trustworthy elections, namely, Leizor-Muni Morduhovich Moruhovsky and Burke Iosifovich Dukler ... This verdict was signed by the commoners: ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Comments: In 1895 Avrum Maloratsky (great-great-uncle Lev Maloratsky) with his family was still in Malin and immigrated with his family to America after 22 years, February 20, 1917
According to the "First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897" (see the above-listed "Census List") in Malin, the family of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky consisted of the "owner" Avrum Morduhovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 38 years old (b: 1859), the wife of These Rivki on census moment is 36 years old (b: 1861), son of Morduch Avrumovich at the time of the census is 17 years old (b: 1880), son of Michel Avrumovich at the time of the census is 13 years old (b: 1884), son of Zus Avrumovich at the time of census 8 years old (b: 1889), the son of Yudko Avrumovich at the time of the 4 census (b: 1893), the son of Rachmiel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 3 years (b: 1894) the daughter of Chava Avrumovna at the time The census is 9 years old (b: 1888), the daughters of Hayka Avrumovna at the time of the census are 2 years old (r: 1895).
Avrum Morduchovich was engaged in trade in small goods. *)
*) Trading activity has traditionally been considered a kind of professional specialization for Eastern European Jews. The Jewish boys, after graduating from the heder school, chose one of two “states” - “devote themselves to trade or to the academic field”. Of course, such a view of Jewish studies is not true due to extreme simplification, since there were many Jews among the Jews, artisans, employees, etc. Modern scholars also agree that during the period under consideration it was precisely small-scale trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; besides, in the Jewish environment there were a number of wealthy merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the 1897 census, 38.65% of the Jewish amateur population was engaged in trade, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all those employed in trade.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the district of Malin parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were gathered by members of the religious government in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... The town was elected by sentence to two people from each house of prayer to participate in these elections of trustworthy, trustworthy, namely, Leizor-Mune Moruhovich of Moruhovsky and Be ka Iosifovicha Duklera ..., This sentence was signed burgers ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Avrum Maloratsky, who left Malin on February 20, 1917, settled with his family in New York.
After immigration to America, family members changed their names: Avrum-Abracham, Morduch-Max, Zus-Samuel, Sam,
Michel-Michel, Rahmiel-Harry, Yudko-Judah, Hava-Eva, Hayk-Ida. The 7th generation of Avrum Maloratsky also changed his last name: Maloratsky to Mellor *).
*) Mellor (born Mallor) - English surname of Dutch origin.
For many immigrants, entry into American reality began with a change of personal names and surnames. Some chose names in English manners to make them easier to pronounce and assimilate, others to get closer to Native Americans (Maloratsky on the Mallor), and others to speed up their integration.
Descendants of Avrum Maloratsky
Rashmiel (Harry) Avrumovich Maloratsky
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky, Birth Year (Estimated) 1894, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Marriage 20 Feb 1917 Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, Age 23
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky, Age 21, Birth Year (Estimated) 1896, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Spouse's Mother's Name
Rose Schael, children: Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (b: 1917), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (b: 1926)
Source: https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
CITING THIS RECORD
"New York, New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1940," database, Family Search (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9V: accessed 14 February 2016), Abraham in entry for Harry Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky, 20 Feb 1917; citing Marriage, Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, New York City Municipal Archives, New York; FHL microfilm 1,614,657.
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24QK-H9J:
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Maloratsky and Eva Piotetsky
Name Harry Maloratsky
Event type marriage
Event Date 20 Feb 1917
Event Place Manhattan, New York, New York, United States
Gender Male
Age 23
Marital Status Single
Race white
Birth Year (Estimated) 1894
Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Father's Name Abraham
Mother's Name Rifka Ivonsky
Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky
Spouse's Gender Female
Spouse's Age 21
Spouse's Marital Status Single
Spouse's race white
Spouse's Birth Year (Estimated) 1896
Spouse's Birthplace Kiev, Russia
Spouse's Father's Name Isidor
Spouse's Mother's Name Rose Schael
children:
Abracham (Al) Maloratsky (1917-2006 гг.), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926-1990 гг.)
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky (1917-2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
US census 1940
(https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~)
Information
NameTitles and Terms Gender Age . Marital Status Race Relationship to Head of Household . BirthplaceBirth Year (Estimated) Occupation Last Place of Residence
Harry Maloratsky Male 45 Married White Head Russia 1895 Floor finish Same House
Eva Maloratsky Female . 42 . Married . White . Wife Russia 1898 Same House
Abe Maloratsky Male . 22 . Single . White . Son New York 1918 worker Metal factory . Same House
Julius Maloratsky Male 13 Single White Son New York 1927 Same House
The Harry Maloratsky Registration Card # 366
(cousin of Mark Maloratsky), from which follows additional information:
(cousin of Mark Maloratsky), from which follows additional information:
Place of residence: 28 Ruffork St., NY
Date of birth: June 1894 in Malin, Russia
Occupation: truck driver
Weight: average
Height: average
Eye color: brown
Hair color: black
Date of birth: June 1894 in Malin, Russia
Occupation: truck driver
Weight: average
Height: average
Eye color: brown
Hair color: black
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky (1917-2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
AL (Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky)
Mallor BIRTH 18 Dec 1917 DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88) BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA PLOT Garden of Veterans MEMORIAL ID100026539 · View Source https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/100026539 |
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky with his family moved from Malin to America in February 1917. In the same year, the first child was born in his family - a son, who was named Abraham. Obviously, by the time of birth, the grandfather of the newborn had already died and, according to Jewish tradition, his name was given to the first grandson. From here, one can indirectly determine the date of death of Abraham Maloratsky (grandfather): between February and December 1917.
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990 гг.) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990 гг.) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
Zus (Zisel, Samuel) Avrumovich Maloratsky
Zisel (Sam) Maloratsky (1892 - 1931) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Malaretsky-1
Born 1892 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brothers of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Died on Jan 19, 1931 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, USA
Lev Maloratsky and his cousin Yefim Zakon found the grave of the son of Abrum - Samuel (Samuel, Zisel) Maloratsky at the New York Jewish cemetery.
Zisel (Sam) Maloratsky (1892 - 1931) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Malaretsky-1
Born 1892 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brothers of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Died on Jan 19, 1931 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, USA
Lev Maloratsky and his cousin Yefim Zakon found the grave of the son of Abrum - Samuel (Samuel, Zisel) Maloratsky at the New York Jewish cemetery.
Meeting of generations:
Leo Maloratsky (b.1939, 8th generation) at the grave of the son of Abraham - Zisel (Sam, Samuel) Maloratsky (1891-1931), (6th generation in the above chart), Mount Zion Cemetery, NY:
Leo Maloratsky (b.1939, 8th generation) at the grave of the son of Abraham - Zisel (Sam, Samuel) Maloratsky (1891-1931), (6th generation in the above chart), Mount Zion Cemetery, NY:
The gravestone says in Hebrew: "Meshullim Zuse*), son of Abraham from the priestly family". Howard Levin
*)Maloratsky Meshilim-Zus
http://ukrfamily.com.ua/index.php/tsgiak-ukrainy/fondy-uchrezhdenij-religioznogo-kulta/ravvinaty/fond-1164-kievskij-ravvinat/familii-iz-metricheskikh-knig-kievskogo-ravvinata Some surnames from the parish registers of the Kiev Rabbinate 1164 fund:
*)Maloratsky Meshilim-Zus
http://ukrfamily.com.ua/index.php/tsgiak-ukrainy/fondy-uchrezhdenij-religioznogo-kulta/ravvinaty/fond-1164-kievskij-ravvinat/familii-iz-metricheskikh-knig-kievskogo-ravvinata Some surnames from the parish registers of the Kiev Rabbinate 1164 fund:
Closest relatives of Abraham Maloratsky:
Samuel's wife - Fanny, son - Max Mallor (1919-1982 гг.), son's wife - Susan Moskowitz (1924-2009 гг.)
Below is a related relationship between Leo Maloratsky and Zisel (Samuel) Maloratsky:
Below is a related relationship between Leo Maloratsky and Zisel (Samuel) Maloratsky:
Samuel Maloratsky's descendants residing in the US:
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K5NY-Y7R
Caren J Etengoff
Residence Date 13 Nov 2000
Residence Place: East Amherst, New York, United States
Birth Date: 10 Sep 1952
Address: 217 Halston Pkwy East Amherst, New York 14051
Perry W Mallor
Residence Date: 25 Aug 2003-01 Jan 2009
Residence Place: Coconut Creek 33066, Florida, United States
Birth Date: 02 Jul 1956
Address: 1202 Bahama Bnd Apt A1 Coconut Creek, Florida 33066
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K5NY-Y7R
Caren J Etengoff
Residence Date 13 Nov 2000
Residence Place: East Amherst, New York, United States
Birth Date: 10 Sep 1952
Address: 217 Halston Pkwy East Amherst, New York 14051
Perry W Mallor
Residence Date: 25 Aug 2003-01 Jan 2009
Residence Place: Coconut Creek 33066, Florida, United States
Birth Date: 02 Jul 1956
Address: 1202 Bahama Bnd Apt A1 Coconut Creek, Florida 33066
Chava Maloratsky (1888 - 1945) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-1 (см. вышеприведенную диаграмму для Абрахама Малорацкого)
Chava (Eva) Maloratsky
Born 10 Jul 1888 in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Sister of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malaretsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Wife of Morris Friedman — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS
Mother of Abraham Friedman, Betty Friedman, Bessie Friedman and Max Friedman
Died 10 Apr 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Biography
Chava (Eva) Maloratsky.
Born 10 Jul 1888. Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine.
Died 10 apr 1945. New York City, New York, USA.
Buried Springfield Gardens, Queens County, New York, USA.
Event: Arrival Dec 1913. New York, New York, USA.
Naturalization as a Citizen: Certificate of Derivative Citizenship. 21 Mar 1936. New York, New York, USA.
Chava (Eva) Maloratsky
Born 10 Jul 1888 in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Sister of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malaretsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Wife of Morris Friedman — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS
Mother of Abraham Friedman, Betty Friedman, Bessie Friedman and Max Friedman
Died 10 Apr 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Biography
Chava (Eva) Maloratsky.
Born 10 Jul 1888. Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine.
Died 10 apr 1945. New York City, New York, USA.
Buried Springfield Gardens, Queens County, New York, USA.
Event: Arrival Dec 1913. New York, New York, USA.
Naturalization as a Citizen: Certificate of Derivative Citizenship. 21 Mar 1936. New York, New York, USA.
Mordche (Max) Maloratsky (1879 - 1945) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-8 Mordche (Max)
Maloratsky
Born 1879 in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malarаtsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Husband of Liebe Maloritzke — married
Father of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Abraham Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky
Died 21 Oct 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Maloratsky
Born 1879 in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malarаtsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Husband of Liebe Maloritzke — married
Father of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Abraham Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky
Died 21 Oct 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Max Maloratsky
23 Suffolk St., NY NY*)
Birth Year: 1880
Birthplace: Russia
Occupation: Peddler**)
23 Suffolk St., NY NY*)
Birth Year: 1880
Birthplace: Russia
Occupation: Peddler**)
*) Suffolk Street is located in the Lower East Side. The bulk of immigrants who arrived in New York in the late 19th and early 20th centuries settled in tenement houses on the Lower East Side. At that time, in the New York area of the Lower East Side, whose area is about 4.5 square meters. km. in 1915 there were 350,000 Jews. They were distinguished by a low level of housing construction (often they were real slums), unsanitary conditions, and a high crime rate. Here they lived in overcrowded apartment buildings - dark stuffy and dirty.
**) the second most important area of employment (after sewing) for new immigrants was petty trade, including peddling (unlike peddling (peddler) of the mid-19th century, it was carried out mainly within the same city or even district). The customers of small merchants were almost exclusively residents of the Jewish quarters. Pedlers were engaged in small retail trade on the streets, where they spent 5-6 hours selling clothes, shoes, hats, cosmetics, small household items of good quality at quite low prices. Many of them later managed to become shop owners and climb the social ladder.
Illustrations: Typical Lower East Side Residence and Small-Scale Retailing by Jewish Immigrants
https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~%20%2Bbirth_place%3ARussia~
United States Census, 1940
Name Max Maloratsky
Event type census
Event Date 1940
Event Place Assembly District 1, Manhattan, New York City, New York, New York, United States
Sex Male
Age 57
Marital Status Married
Relationship to Head of Household Head
Birthplace Russia (more precisely Malin)
Birth Year (Estimated) 1883
United States Census, 1940
Name Max Maloratsky
Event type census
Event Date 1940
Event Place Assembly District 1, Manhattan, New York City, New York, New York, United States
Sex Male
Age 57
Marital Status Married
Relationship to Head of Household Head
Birthplace Russia (more precisely Malin)
Birth Year (Estimated) 1883
Death Date: 13 Aug 1950
Cemetery: Montefiore Cemetery
Burial or Cremation Place: Springfield Gardens, Queens County, New York, United States of America
URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem...
Cemetery: Montefiore Cemetery
Burial or Cremation Place: Springfield Gardens, Queens County, New York, United States of America
URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem...
Family of Max Maloratsky
Closest relatives of Morduchai (Max) Maloratsky
Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky (1904 - 2007) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-15
Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 2 Apr 1904 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
[spouse(s) unknown]
[children unknown]
Died 15 Aug 2007 in Sunrise, Broward, Florida, USA
Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 2 Apr 1904 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
[spouse(s) unknown]
[children unknown]
Died 15 Aug 2007 in Sunrise, Broward, Florida, USA
Name: Solomon Malortsky Race: White Age: 34 Birth Date: 2 Apr 1906 Birth Place: Russia Residence Place: Utica, Oneida, New York Registration Date:16 Oct 1940 Registration Place: Utica, Oneida, New York, USA Employer: David Leventhal Weight: 175 Complexion: Light Eye Color: Brown Hair Color: Brown Height: 5-8. Next of Kin: Sophie L. Malortsky Household Members: NameRelationship Solomon Malortsky Sophie L. Malortsky Wife |
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-69044942-3-517129/solomon-sol-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees?s=739317191
Naturalization: "naturalized through his father Max Maloratsky" per wife Sophie nee Lastman's own Naturalization record May 7 1919 New York
Marriage: Marriage to: <Private> Mar 16 1932 Bronx, New York, USA
Move : per Utica NY City Directory and US Naturalization record for Sophie 1939 135 Washington St,, Utica NY w/wife Sophie
Occupation: "Junk Peddlar" 1939 in Utica NY as per City Directory.
Sophie Maloratsky (born Lastman) (1889-1953) Wife of Salomon (Mallor) Maloratskyhttps://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-69044942-3-502412/sophie-maloratsky-born-lastman-in-myheritage-family-trees?s=739317191
Former name: Szprynca
Birth DOB on masthead shows 1889 but since a "spinster" on arrival, may have adjusted age for youth? Mar 15 1895 Lublin, Poland
Immigration: via (port) Havre, France (ship) SS LaTouraineJan 14 1921 Poland to Ellis Island, NY
Marriage: Marriage to: <Private>Mar 16 1932 Bronx, New York, USA
Death: DOD is taken from gravestone; DOB is somewhat questionableJan 23 1953 New York, USA
Burial Mount Lebanon Cemetery, Glendale NY.
Naturalization: "naturalized through his father Max Maloratsky" per wife Sophie nee Lastman's own Naturalization record May 7 1919 New York
Marriage: Marriage to: <Private> Mar 16 1932 Bronx, New York, USA
Move : per Utica NY City Directory and US Naturalization record for Sophie 1939 135 Washington St,, Utica NY w/wife Sophie
Occupation: "Junk Peddlar" 1939 in Utica NY as per City Directory.
Sophie Maloratsky (born Lastman) (1889-1953) Wife of Salomon (Mallor) Maloratskyhttps://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-69044942-3-502412/sophie-maloratsky-born-lastman-in-myheritage-family-trees?s=739317191
Former name: Szprynca
Birth DOB on masthead shows 1889 but since a "spinster" on arrival, may have adjusted age for youth? Mar 15 1895 Lublin, Poland
Immigration: via (port) Havre, France (ship) SS LaTouraineJan 14 1921 Poland to Ellis Island, NY
Marriage: Marriage to: <Private>Mar 16 1932 Bronx, New York, USA
Death: DOD is taken from gravestone; DOB is somewhat questionableJan 23 1953 New York, USA
Burial Mount Lebanon Cemetery, Glendale NY.
Name: Cyrelle Maloratsky (дочь Софии Малорацкой (Ластман))
Birth: July 14 1933 New York, NY USA Named after Grandmother Cyrla Ruchla (then Celia) Lastman (born Belostotzki?) Family members Parents: Solomon (Sol ) Maloratsky 1906 - ? Sophie Maloratsky (born Lastman) 1895 - 1953 An interesting detail: The ancestors of Sofia Lastman and her daughter are from the Polish town of Bialystok, Grodno district, from where Veitseli came - Leo Maloratsky's maternal relatives. |
David (Mallor) Maloratsky (1905 - 1973) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-13
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
CERTIFICATE OF MARIGE (New York, 26 January 1928)
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
CERTIFICATE OF MARIGE (New York, 26 January 1928)
David (Mallor) Maloratsky (1905 - 1973) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-13
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
David (Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 6 Oct 1905 in Malin
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 1 Oct 1973 in Rockaway, Queens County, New York, USA
Twins Abraham and Rebecca Maloratsky:
3. Abraham Maloratsky
Abraham Maloratsky (1914 - 1914) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-10
Abraham Maloratsky
Born 4 Jul 1914 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Brother of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky
[spouse(s) unknown]
[children unknown]
Died Nov 1914 in New York City, New York, USA
4. Rebecca Maloratsky
Rebecca Maloratsky (1914 - 1992) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-9
Rebecca Maloratsky
Born 4 Jul 1914 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Wife of Benjamin Altman — married
Died 14 Mar 1992 in Delray Beach, Palm Beach, Florida, USA
Bess MALORATSKY (1911–1992)
BIRTH 8/JUN/1911 • Kiev, Ukraine
DEATH 26/DEC/1992 • Voorhees, NJ
Bess Dwyer (Maloratsky) with Reese and Terry
Bess Maloratsky (1911 - 1992) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-11
Bess Maloratsky
Born 8 Jun 1911 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 26 Dec 1992 in Voorhees, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
Bess Maloratsky
Born 8 Jun 1911 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 26 Dec 1992 in Voorhees, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
Minnie Maloratsky (1907 - 1986) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-12
Minnie Maloratsky
Born 5 Dec 1907 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died Jan 1986 in Queens County, New York, USA
Minnie Maloratsky
Born 5 Dec 1907 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died Jan 1986 in Queens County, New York, USA
Molly Maloratsky (1903 - 1970) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-16
Molly Maloratsky
Born 10 Mar 1903 in Kiev, Russia
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 5 May 1970 in Stanford, Connecticut, USA
Molly Maloratsky
Born 10 Mar 1903 in Kiev, Russia
ANCESTORS
Daughter of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky and Liebe Maloritzke
Sister of Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David (Mallor) Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Rebecca Maloratsky and Abraham Maloratsky
Died 5 May 1970 in Stanford, Connecticut, USA
Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky (1895 - 1972) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-5
Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Born 12 Feb 1895 in Ukraine
ANCESTORS
Son of Abraham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malaretsky and Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky
Husband of Eva Peotetsky — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
Father of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky and Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Died 6 Feb 1972 in New York City, New York, USA
Closest relatives of Rachmiel Maloratsky
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky (1917 - 2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
[children unknown]
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish — married
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
[children unknown]
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (1926 - 1990) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-17
Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky
Born 30 Jun 1926 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS
Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Abraham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky
Husband of Violet Cherish — married
Died 7 Nov 1990 in Peekskill, Westchester, New York, USA
Joseph (Iosif) Maloratsky
(brother of Abraham and Chaim)
The diagram of the generations 6 - 7 of Joseph Maloratsky
1890 - 1930
Ios Maloratsky and Rivka Malka Chaimovna Ushirenkova (from the town of Malin) and their children
Synagogue record of those born in Korostyshev in 1877:
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0 %BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE Metric book of the synagogue of m. Korostishiv. 1877. People // TsDIAK. F. 663. Op. 1. Ref. 32. Page 33 #59
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PART 1 ABOUT BORN
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Who committed Date and month Year Father's names Who was born
rite of circumcision of birth and circumcision of birth and mother
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
59 Moshko Birth 1877 Iosya Mordkovich son Mordko
Gorodetsky September 3 Maloratsky
Circumcision Mother Rivka Malka
September 10 Chaskelevna Ushirenkova
from m. Malin
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PART 1 ABOUT BORN
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Who committed Date and month Year Father's names Who was born
rite of circumcision of birth and circumcision of birth and mother
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
59 Moshko Birth 1877 Iosya Mordkovich son Mordko
Gorodetsky September 3 Maloratsky
Circumcision Mother Rivka Malka
September 10 Chaskelevna Ushirenkova
from m. Malin
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai (Motel) (Max) MALORATSKY (1877–1956) (son of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 15/JAN/1877 • Radomyshl, Russia, DEATH 18/JAN/1956 • New Jersey
He married Kayla (Clara) Budilowsky in 1894 in Ukraine. They had five children in 11 years. He died on January 18, 1956, in New Jersey at the age of 79.
Прибыл в Америку в 1906 г. Residence: 1910 • Newark Ward 14, Essex, New Jersey, USA
BIRTH 15/JAN/1877 • Radomyshl, Russia, DEATH 18/JAN/1956 • New Jersey
He married Kayla (Clara) Budilowsky in 1894 in Ukraine. They had five children in 11 years. He died on January 18, 1956, in New Jersey at the age of 79.
Прибыл в Америку в 1906 г. Residence: 1910 • Newark Ward 14, Essex, New Jersey, USA
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-460379151-1-500863/max-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Max Maloratsky Birth 1879 Occupation Harness Occupation Harnessmaker Occupation Clerk, Peddler Residence Avenue, Newark, New Jersey, USA Between 1911 and 1913 Residence 247 Livingston, Newark, New Jersey, USA Circa 1917 Residence Res Inquire Ditto Or Same, Newark, New Jersey, USA 1923 Residence Res 123 Brunswick, Newark, New Jersey, USA 1924 Residence 87 Waverly Avenue, Newark, New Jersey, USA 1925 Residence 249 Broome, Newark, New Jersey, USA Between 1926 and 1928 Residence152 Livingston, Newark, New Jersey, USA Between 1931 and 1943 Marriage to: Clara Maloratsky Between 1936 and 1938 Residence Age 77, Newark, New Jersey, USA1957 Death Jan 18 1956 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, United States |
Name: Max Maloratsky
Also known as Mordachai Gender: Male Birth: 1879 Death: Jan 18 1956 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, United States Immigration: 1906 Wife: Clara Maloratsky (born Arie) Daughter: Rose Ruchel Freilich (born Maloratsky) (информацию см. далее) Source Click here to view record on FamilySearch https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-40001-1602048385/max-maloratsky-in-familysearch-family-tree?s=739317191 |
From this census sheet it follows that the son of Max Maloratsky Karl immigrated to America in 1910 (4 years after his father).
U.S., World War II Draft Registration Card, 1942
U.S., World War II Draft Registration Card, 1942
From this registration card follows: 1. Motel (Max) MALORATSKY was born on January 15, 1877 in Radomysl, Russia, not in Ukraine. However, these data do not correspond to the above synagogue record about Moshka, who was born in Korostyshev in 1877. It is obvious that Mordechai indicated Radomysl, since Korostyshev was part of the Radomysl district. The date of birth (January 15, 1877) also does not coincide with the date of the single entry (September 3, 1877) 2. Location: 82 Fairview Ave. Newark, Essex NJ
In the 7th paragraph of the registration card, Mrs. Mary Schecter - daughter of Motel (Max) MALORATSKY, wife of Isadore Schecter.
In the 7th paragraph of the registration card, Mrs. Mary Schecter - daughter of Motel (Max) MALORATSKY, wife of Isadore Schecter.
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=60525&h=138663797&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=1411
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=1411&h=937239&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=60525 Name: Max Maloratsky Death Date: 18 Jan 1956 (77 лет) Cemetery: Grove Street Hebrew Cemetery Burial or Cremation Place:Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States of America Has Bio?:N Hebrew name: Mordechai ben (son of) Yosef ha Cohen Age 77 Beloved father Spouse: Clara Maloratsky Children: Rose Davidson URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem... |
The palms on the monument, which are folded in a special gesture of blessing (velvet - kohanim), are carved on the tombstone of a high-ranking religious dignitary - kohen. This symbol indicates that the Maloratskys were cohens. There is a complex social hierarchy within the Jewish community, including social statuses acquired by birth. The latter included the class of kohens (kogans), who traced their genealogy from Abraham (Aaron) and were priests. They had a high social status, and on their gravestones one can see images of two hands with specially folded fingers (two each). This is nothing more than a sign of ritual blessing. Another such group is made up of the Levites, the descendants of the genus Levi. Traditionally, they help in worship and, in particular, bring a jug of water to the kohen for the ritual washing of hands. Therefore, on their gravestones you can see the image of the same jug. Even if the Jewish surname does not look like the original "cohen" (as in the case of the Maloratskys), it may be related to him. A learned talmudist or a simple tailor or merchant could turn out to be a Cohen or a Levite in exile, but each of them was known for this status in his community. And most of them, when Jews received surnames, took for themselves precisely those surnames that directly indicated their Koenite or Levitical origin. In exile, the Jewish communities carefully kept track of who they had - an Israelite, who was a Levite, and who was a Kohen - so that when the Messiah came and the Jerusalem temple was rebuilt, they would know who to perform the corresponding duties. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_levit
"ALL of the Maloratsky men that I knew were Kohanim, including my wife's father and grandfather and many cousins". Howard Levin
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-657337531-1-516278/clara-maloratsky-born-arie-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Clara Maloratsky (born Arie)
Birth 1874
Death Feb 18 1942 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, United States
Family members
Husband Max Maloratsky 1879 - 1956
Daughter Rose Ruchel Freilich (born Maloratsky) 1893 - 1969
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-657337531-1-516278/clara-maloratsky-born-arie-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Clara Maloratsky (born Arie)
Birth 1874
Death Feb 18 1942 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, United States
Family members
Husband Max Maloratsky 1879 - 1956
Daughter Rose Ruchel Freilich (born Maloratsky) 1893 - 1969
Spouse: Clara Maloratsky
Children: Rose Davidson URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem... Spouse: Kayla (Clara) Budilowsky (1874–1942) (spouse of Mordechai (Motel) (Max) MALORATSKY) BIRTH ABT. 1874 • Ukraine DEATH 18/FEB/1942 • New Jersey Residence 1930 • Residence: Newark, Essex, New Jersey, USA https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?viewrecord=1&r=an&db=FindAGraveUS&indiv=try&h=138663906 |
Clara Maloratsky
BIRTH unknown DEATH 18 Feb 1942 BURIAL Grove Street Hebrew Cemetery Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, USA PLOT Plot R Row 01 #10 MEMORIAL ID 173266114 · View Source Children: Rose Davidson Rose Maloratsky Davidson URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem... BIRTH unknown DEATH 3 Dec 1969 Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, USA BURIAL Mount Hebron Cemetery Flushing, Queens County, New York, USA MEMORIAL ID 77472262 · View Source |
Children: Kalman (Carl) Maloratsky (1894-1966), Chatjkel Maloratsky (1897-1970), Joseph Maloratsky (1898-1963), Mary Maloratsky (1903-1979), Abraham Maloratsky (1906-1963): Chatzkel (Hymie MALLOR) MALORATSKY (1897–1970) (son of Motel (Max) MALORATSKY) BIRTH 20/SEP/1896 • Malin, Ukraine DEATH APR/1970 Montclair, NJ Sarah Katz (1898–1972) (wife of Chatzkel (Hymie MALLOR) MALORATSKY) BIRTH ABT. 1898 • Ovruch (Ovritch), Ukraine DEATH 1972 • Scotch Plains, NJ Хаскель (Chatjkel) Мордухович Малорацкий (Maloratzky) (1897-1970) эмигрировал из Радомысля (?) в Америку 11 июня 1912 г. (см. Passenger Record): |
Samuel (MALLOR) MALORATSKY and Dorothy Davis. Samuel (MALLOR) MALORATSKY
2020 г.
2020 г.
Samuel (MALLOR) MALORATSKY (1919–2020) (son of Chatzkel MALORATSKY) BIRTH 10/DEC/1919 • Newark, NJ DEATH Living
Dorothy Davis (1922–2013) (wife of Samuel (MALLOR) MALORATSKY) BIRTH 15/APR/1922 • Newark, NJ DEATH 31/DEC/2013 • Bloomington, IN.
In Memory of Samuel Mallor
Samuel Mallor, 101, died on March 2 of old age. He was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1919, the son of Russian immigrants, Hyman and Sarah Maloratsky (later Mallor). As a young man, he worked in his father’s small grocery store and attended night school at New York University. He graduated from NYU and joined the U.S. Army in 1941. He served in England, France, Belgium, and Germany during World War II, landing with is company on Utah Beach on D-Day plus 30. Shortly after landing in France, he was promoted to the rank of Captain.
When the war ended, Sam returned to Newark. At a dance he attended at a Catskills resort, he met Dorothy Davis, the most beautiful girl he had ever seen. According to Sam, this was the luckiest day of his life. He and Dot soon married. They were quite a team—they created a happy home for their three children, moving from Newark to Westfield, New Jersey. It was here that Sam built a successful career as an industrial real estate broker and appraiser.
After retirement, Sam and Dot spent the warm weather months in Bloomington and cold weather months in Florida, spending time with grandchildren. As they got older, they spent more of the year in Bloomington and ultimately became full-time residents. When Dot died in 2013, Sam moved to Meadowood Retirement Community, where he made many new friends. He was a member of Congregation Beth Shalom.
Sam had a wonderful sense of humor but will be remembered most for being an empathetic and attentive listener. He loved learning everyone’s story, rarely telling his own unless asked. His own was a life of devotion to his family with unbelievable love for his wife and children and delight in being a grandfather and great-grandfather. He loved music, especially opera, and reading challenging non-fiction. His compassion for and generosity to other people was abundant. He was always curious about learning new things and persistent in trying to find a solution to any problem.
Sam was preceded in death by his wife, parents, a brother, and almost everyone he grew up with. He is survived by his three children, Andrew Mallor (Jane), Jane McBride (Patrick), and Amy Mallor, his younger brother Julius, five grandchildren, Jessie Mallor, Kate Mallor (Jeremy Bernstein), Emily Mallor, Brandon McBride and Michael McBride, and two great grandsons, Lior and Lev Bernstein.
A memorial service will be held when travel and gathering are safe. The family requests that in lieu of flowers, donations be made to IU Health Hospice or Hoosier Hills Food Bank. https://thefuneralchapel.net/book-of-memories/4556400/Mallor-Samuel/obit.php?&printable=true
Samuel Mallor, aged 101, died March 2 of old age. He was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1919 to Russian immigrants Hyman and Sarah Maloratsky (later Mallor). As a young man, he worked in his father's small grocery store and attended night school at New York University. He graduated from New York University and joined the US Army in 1941. He served in England, France, Belgium, and Germany during World War II, landing with his company on Utah Beach on D-30. Shortly after landing in France, he was promoted to the rank of captain. When the war ended, Sam returned to Newark. At a dance he attended at the Catskills, he met Dorothy Davis, the most beautiful girl he had ever seen. According to Sam, it was the happiest day of his life. He and Dot soon got married. They were a real team - they created a happy home for their three children, moving from Newark to Westfield, New Jersey. It was here that Sam built a successful career as an industrial real estate broker and appraiser. After retiring, Sam and Dot spent the warm months in Bloomington and the cold months in Florida, spending time with their grandchildren. As they grew older, they spent over a year in Bloomington and eventually became permanent residents. When Dot died in 2013, Sam moved to the Meadowwood retirement community, where he made many new friends. He was a member of the Beth Shalom congregation. Sam had a great sense of humor, but he is best remembered for being an empathetic and attentive listener. He loved to get everyone's story, rarely telling his own unless asked. His own life was devoted to the family with incredible love for his wife and children and the joy of being a grandfather and great-grandfather. He loved music, especially opera, and read interesting non-fiction literature. His compassion and generosity to others were in abundance. He was always curious to learn something new and persistently tried to find a solution to any problem. Sam suffered the death of his wife, parents, brother and almost everyone with whom he grew up. He is survived by three children, Andrew Mallor (Jane), Jane McBride (Patrick) and Amy Mallor, his younger brother Julius, five grandchildren, Jesse Mallor, Keith Mallor (Jeremy Bernstein), Emily Mallor, Brandon McBride and Michael McBride. and two great-grandchildren, Lior and Lev Bernstein. A memorial service will be held when travel and gatherings are safe. The family is requesting that instead of flowers, donations be made to the IU Health Hospice or the Hoosier Hills Food Bank.
Duvid Iosifovich Maloratsky (1879-1922)
son of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka Khaskelevna (?)
Duvid Iosifovich Maloratsky was brutally murdered during a Jewish pogrom in the town of Fastov in August 1919: File:DAKO R-3050-1-447. 1922. Brief information about the pogroms in the Kyiv province.pdf
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/%D0%94%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%9E_%D0%A0-3050-1-447._1922._%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.pdf
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/%D0%94%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%9E_%D0%A0-3050-1-447._1922._%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.pdf
The Fastov pogrom took place in September 1919. From this document it follows that Duvid was engaged in the lumber industry, as well as his years of life: 1882 / 83-1919 *)
*) The List of the Dead contains Duvid's age (40) when he died. Most likely, this figure is approximate, because. the age of the rest of the dead in the List is a multiple of 5 years. Based on the dates of birth of Joseph's other children and from the date of birth Joseph (b. 1903) (son of Duvid), it can be assumed that the date of birth of Duvid was 1882 or 1883. In this case, Duvid's age at the time of death was not 40 years old, but 36 or 37 years old.
*) The List of the Dead contains Duvid's age (40) when he died. Most likely, this figure is approximate, because. the age of the rest of the dead in the List is a multiple of 5 years. Based on the dates of birth of Joseph's other children and from the date of birth Joseph (b. 1903) (son of Duvid), it can be assumed that the date of birth of Duvid was 1882 or 1883. In this case, Duvid's age at the time of death was not 40 years old, but 36 or 37 years old.
Fragment of the Pedigree of Duvid Iosifovich Maloratsky:
Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky 1822 - ~1871
... Ruchlya Maloratskaya b.1822
... Joseph Mordukhovich Maloratsky ~ 1855-1894
... Rivka Malka Molly Shernko ? ?
... Mordechai Iosifovich Maloratsky 1876-1859
... Kayla Maloratskaya 1876-1939
... Zlata Iosifovna b.1880
... Chaika Iosifovna b.1881
... Duvid Iosifovich Maloratsky 1882/83-1919
... Joseph Duvidovich Maloratsky b. 1903, m. Fastov
... Viktor Iosifovich Maloratsky b.1944
...Natalia Maloratskaya
... Anatoly Viktorovich Maloratsky
...Natalya Avdeycheva
... Ena Iosifovna Maloratskaya
...Mikhail Guzovsky
... Beila Iosifovna Kek (Maloratskaya) 1891-1982
...Simon Keck 1885-1945
... Mikhoel Iosifovich Maloratsky 1893-1977
...Fani Maloratskaya (Finkel) 1883-1963
...Rochelle Iosifovna Freilikh (Maloratskaya) 1896-1968
...David Freilich 1885-1945
Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky 1822 - ~1871
... Ruchlya Maloratskaya b.1822
... Joseph Mordukhovich Maloratsky ~ 1855-1894
... Rivka Malka Molly Shernko ? ?
... Mordechai Iosifovich Maloratsky 1876-1859
... Kayla Maloratskaya 1876-1939
... Zlata Iosifovna b.1880
... Chaika Iosifovna b.1881
... Duvid Iosifovich Maloratsky 1882/83-1919
... Joseph Duvidovich Maloratsky b. 1903, m. Fastov
... Viktor Iosifovich Maloratsky b.1944
...Natalia Maloratskaya
... Anatoly Viktorovich Maloratsky
...Natalya Avdeycheva
... Ena Iosifovna Maloratskaya
...Mikhail Guzovsky
... Beila Iosifovna Kek (Maloratskaya) 1891-1982
...Simon Keck 1885-1945
... Mikhoel Iosifovich Maloratsky 1893-1977
...Fani Maloratskaya (Finkel) 1883-1963
...Rochelle Iosifovna Freilikh (Maloratskaya) 1896-1968
...David Freilich 1885-1945
Michoyl (Harry) MALORATSKY (1893–1977) (son of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 15/JUL/1893 • Ukraine
DEATH 25/MAR/1977 • Miami, FL
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?viewrecord=1&r=an&db=NewJerseyNats&indiv=try&h=53611Name: Harry Maloratsky
Petition Age:30
Record Type:Petition
Birth Date: 15 Jul 1893
Birth Place: Sarira, Russia
Arrival Date: 18 Apr 1910
Arrival Place: New York
Petition Date: 20 Feb 1924
Petition Place: Newark, Essex, New Jersey, USA
Spouse: Fannie Maloratsky
Petition Number: 6407
Fanny Finkel (1883–1963) (spouse of Michoyl (Harry) MALORATSKY)
BIRTH ABT. 1883 • Volhynia Gubernia, Russia
DEATH 30/JUN/1963 • Brooklyn, NY
Bayla MALORATSKY (1891–1982) (daughter of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 1891 • Ksaverov, Russia; DEATH 16/AUG/1982 • Kiev, Russia
Simeon (Shlomo) Kek (1885–1945) (spouse of Bayla MALORATSKY)
BIRTH 1885 • ?DEATH 19/OCT/1945 • Zhitomer, Ukraine
Michael Kek (1919–1995) (son of Bayla and Simeon Kek) BIRTH 2/SEP/1919 • Olevsk, Ukraine DEATH 1995 • Ukraine
Liza Veinbrandt (1924–1963) (spouse of Michael Kek) BIRTH 1924 • Olevsk, UkraineDEATH 1963 • Rovno, Ukraine
Alexandra Bulatova (1922–2008) (second spouse of Michael Kek) BIRTH 1922 • Korino, Tver Oblast, Russia DEATH 2008 • Kharkiv, Ukraine
Ruchel (Rose) MALORATSKY (1896-1969) (daughter of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 3/Dec/1896 Savorov, Russia
DEATH 3 Dec 1969 Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States of America
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-657337531-1-506561/rose-ruchel-freilich-born-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Rose Ruchel Freilich (born Maloratsky)
Birth Dec 25 1893 Savaro, Russia
Immigration 1908
Naturalization Petition New York, USA
Arrival June 11 1912 Ew York, NY
Marriage Marriage to: David Isaac Freilich 1914 New Jersey, United States
Residence Newark, 7 ward, 3 district, Essex, New Jersey, United States1915
Marriage Marriage to: David Isaac Freilich Jan 14 1919 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, USA
Census 1920 Essex, New Jersey, USA
Residence Newark Ward 3, Essex, New Jersey, United States1920
Residence Manhattan (Districts 0001-0250), New York, New York, United States1930
Residence Same Place - 1715 Longfellow Avenue, Bronx, New York, USA1935
Census 1940 1715 Longfellow Avenue, Bronx, New York, USA
Residence Assembly District 5, Bronx, New York City, Bronx, New York, United States1940
Death Dec 3 1969 Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, USA
Burial Queens, New York, United States
Burial Flushing, Queens County, New York, USA
BIRTH 15/JUL/1893 • Ukraine
DEATH 25/MAR/1977 • Miami, FL
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?viewrecord=1&r=an&db=NewJerseyNats&indiv=try&h=53611Name: Harry Maloratsky
Petition Age:30
Record Type:Petition
Birth Date: 15 Jul 1893
Birth Place: Sarira, Russia
Arrival Date: 18 Apr 1910
Arrival Place: New York
Petition Date: 20 Feb 1924
Petition Place: Newark, Essex, New Jersey, USA
Spouse: Fannie Maloratsky
Petition Number: 6407
Fanny Finkel (1883–1963) (spouse of Michoyl (Harry) MALORATSKY)
BIRTH ABT. 1883 • Volhynia Gubernia, Russia
DEATH 30/JUN/1963 • Brooklyn, NY
Bayla MALORATSKY (1891–1982) (daughter of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 1891 • Ksaverov, Russia; DEATH 16/AUG/1982 • Kiev, Russia
Simeon (Shlomo) Kek (1885–1945) (spouse of Bayla MALORATSKY)
BIRTH 1885 • ?DEATH 19/OCT/1945 • Zhitomer, Ukraine
Michael Kek (1919–1995) (son of Bayla and Simeon Kek) BIRTH 2/SEP/1919 • Olevsk, Ukraine DEATH 1995 • Ukraine
Liza Veinbrandt (1924–1963) (spouse of Michael Kek) BIRTH 1924 • Olevsk, UkraineDEATH 1963 • Rovno, Ukraine
Alexandra Bulatova (1922–2008) (second spouse of Michael Kek) BIRTH 1922 • Korino, Tver Oblast, Russia DEATH 2008 • Kharkiv, Ukraine
Ruchel (Rose) MALORATSKY (1896-1969) (daughter of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna)
BIRTH 3/Dec/1896 Savorov, Russia
DEATH 3 Dec 1969 Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States of America
https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-657337531-1-506561/rose-ruchel-freilich-born-maloratsky-in-myheritage-family-trees
Name Rose Ruchel Freilich (born Maloratsky)
Birth Dec 25 1893 Savaro, Russia
Immigration 1908
Naturalization Petition New York, USA
Arrival June 11 1912 Ew York, NY
Marriage Marriage to: David Isaac Freilich 1914 New Jersey, United States
Residence Newark, 7 ward, 3 district, Essex, New Jersey, United States1915
Marriage Marriage to: David Isaac Freilich Jan 14 1919 Newark, Essex, New Jersey, USA
Census 1920 Essex, New Jersey, USA
Residence Newark Ward 3, Essex, New Jersey, United States1920
Residence Manhattan (Districts 0001-0250), New York, New York, United States1930
Residence Same Place - 1715 Longfellow Avenue, Bronx, New York, USA1935
Census 1940 1715 Longfellow Avenue, Bronx, New York, USA
Residence Assembly District 5, Bronx, New York City, Bronx, New York, United States1940
Death Dec 3 1969 Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, USA
Burial Queens, New York, United States
Burial Flushing, Queens County, New York, USA
David Freilich (1893-1951) (spouse of Ruchel (Rose) MALORATSKY)
BIRTH 28/May/1893 Doliner, Galicia, Austria DEATH 18/Oct/1951 Newark, NY |
Ruchel 'rose' Freilich (born Maloratsky)
Birth: Dec 25 1893 - Savaro, Russia Death: Dec 3 1969 - Worcester, Massachusetts Father: (Private) Maloratsky Husband: David Isaac Freilich Children: Joseph Freilich, Susan Sadie Moskowitz (born Freilich), (Private) Fealkoff (born Freilich) |
Information from Howard Levin: "Fanny Finkel married Jacob Helfand in 1910. The had two daughters, Ida Helfand (Maloratsky) (born 12 July 1911) (see next photo) and Yetta Helfand, (born 1 April 1913). Jacob Helfand died on December 30 1912, while Fanny was already pregnant with Yetta. Fannie married Michoyl (Harry) MALORATSKY in 1913. They had 4 children together. Harry raised Yetta's two daughters as his own, but I do not know if he legally adopted them. They were always considered part of the family".
Ida Gelfand (Maloratsky) and Morris Land
From the above diagram of the family of Ios Maloratsky, it follows that some of his descendants in the 7th generation changed their surname: Maloratsky to Mallor (see Appendix 8 to Chapter 3 of Part 4):
- grandson of Joseph, son of Mordechai (Max) (Samuel) Maloratsky - Khatskel Mallor;
- grandson of Joseph, son of Mikhel (Harry) Maloratsky - Humon Mallor;
- grandson of Joseph, another son of Mikhel (Harry) Maloratsky - Abraham Mallor.
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=75&query=%2Bgivenname%3AMordche~%20%2Bsurname%3AMaloradzki~&collection_id=1368704:
Mordche Maloradzki*) New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island) Given Name Mordche Surname Maloradzki Last Place of Residence Radomysl*) Event Date 01 Feb 1907 Age 28y*) Nationality Russia, Hebrew Departure Port Hamburg Arrival Port New York Gender Male Marital Status M Ship Name Pennsylvania
Mordche Maloradzki*) New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island) Given Name Mordche Surname Maloradzki Last Place of Residence Radomysl*) Event Date 01 Feb 1907 Age 28y*) Nationality Russia, Hebrew Departure Port Hamburg Arrival Port New York Gender Male Marital Status M Ship Name Pennsylvania
*) From the above synagogue document it follows that Mordko Maloratsky was born in Korostyshev, Radomysl district in 1877, therefore, at the time of his arrival in America (1907) he was 30 years old.
Information about Joseph Maloratsky, his wife Rivka Mike (Molly) and their newborn son Mordko (Mordechaj (Motel)):
The metric book of the synagogue m. Korostyshiv. 1877. Народження // ЦДІАК. Ф. 663. Оп. 1. Спр. 32. Page 33 #59
Metro Book of the Korostyshiv Synagogue. 1877. Birth // TsDIAK. F. 663. Op. 1. Sp. 32. Page 33 # 59
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ЧАСТЬ 1 О РОДИВШИХСЯ
PART 1 ABOUT BORN
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Кто совершил Число и месяц Год Имена отца Кто родился
обряд обрезания рождения и обрезания рождения и матери
Who made Date and month Year of born Father's and Who was born
circumcision birth and circumcision mother's names
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
59 Мошко Рождение 1877 Иось Мордкович сын Мордко
Городецкий 3 ноября Малорацкий
Обрезание Мать Ривка Малка
10 ноября Хаскелевна
Уширенкова
из м. Малин
59 Moshko birth November 3 1877 Joseph Mordkovich son Mordko
Gorodecki circumcision November 10 Maloratsky
Mother Rivka Malka
Haskelevna
Ushirenkova
from shtetl Malin
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Metro Book of the Korostyshiv Synagogue. 1877. Birth // TsDIAK. F. 663. Op. 1. Sp. 32. Page 33 # 59
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ЧАСТЬ 1 О РОДИВШИХСЯ
PART 1 ABOUT BORN
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Кто совершил Число и месяц Год Имена отца Кто родился
обряд обрезания рождения и обрезания рождения и матери
Who made Date and month Year of born Father's and Who was born
circumcision birth and circumcision mother's names
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
59 Мошко Рождение 1877 Иось Мордкович сын Мордко
Городецкий 3 ноября Малорацкий
Обрезание Мать Ривка Малка
10 ноября Хаскелевна
Уширенкова
из м. Малин
59 Moshko birth November 3 1877 Joseph Mordkovich son Mordko
Gorodecki circumcision November 10 Maloratsky
Mother Rivka Malka
Haskelevna
Ushirenkova
from shtetl Malin
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It follows from the above diagram of the genus Ioseph Maloratsky that some of his descendants in the 7th generation changed their last name: Maloratsky to Mallor: - grandson of Joseph, son of Mordechai (Max) (Samuel) Maloratsky - Chatzkel Mallor; - the grandson of Joseph, the son of Michel (Harry) of Maloratsky - Hyman Mallor; - the grandson of Joseph, another son of Michel (Harry) Maloratsky - Abraham Mallor.
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=75&query=%2Bgivenname%3AMordche~%20%2Bsurname%3AMaloradzki~&collection_id=1368704:
Mordche Maloradzki
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Given Name Mordche
Surname Maloradzki (Comment: original name Maloratsky)
Last Place of Residence Radomysl (Comment: Mordechai apparently recorded himself as a resident of Radomysl, although he lived in Malin Radomysl Uyezd)
Event Date 01 Feb 1907
Age 28y (Comment: Mordechai was 28 years old in his year of arrival in America (1907), hence he was born in 1879 or 1880)
Nationality Russia, Hebrew
Departure Port Hamburg
Arrival Port New York
Gender Male
Marital Status M
Ship Name Pennsylvania
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JJJD-P4Q
Rachel (Rose) Maloratsky (Freilich) and her family
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=75&query=%2Bgivenname%3AMordche~%20%2Bsurname%3AMaloradzki~&collection_id=1368704:
Mordche Maloradzki
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Given Name Mordche
Surname Maloradzki (Comment: original name Maloratsky)
Last Place of Residence Radomysl (Comment: Mordechai apparently recorded himself as a resident of Radomysl, although he lived in Malin Radomysl Uyezd)
Event Date 01 Feb 1907
Age 28y (Comment: Mordechai was 28 years old in his year of arrival in America (1907), hence he was born in 1879 or 1880)
Nationality Russia, Hebrew
Departure Port Hamburg
Arrival Port New York
Gender Male
Marital Status M
Ship Name Pennsylvania
https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JJJD-P4Q
Rachel (Rose) Maloratsky (Freilich) and her family
Rachel (Rose) Maloratzky
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Given Name Rochel
Surname Maloratzky
Last Place of Residence Malin, Russia
Event Date 04 Jul 1910
Age 4
Nationality Russia - Hebrew
Departure Port Libau, Latvia
Arrival Port New York
Gender Female
Marital Status S
Ship Name Lituania
Children of Rachel Maloratsky (1896-1969):
JOSEPH FREILICH Joseph Freilich, 90 (1914-2005), of 6037 Point Regal Circle, Delray Beach, formerly of Worcester, MA, died on Saturday, June 25 at home. His wife of 65 years, Edith (Salitsky) Freilich (1913-2001) died in 2001. He leaves two sons, Arnold Freilich and his wife Sandy of Lake Worth, FL and Stuart Freilich and his wife Phyllis of Worcester; a daughter, Phyllis, wife of Melvin Levey of Lake Worth, FL; a brother, Bennie Freilich of Pembroke Pines, FL; two sisters, Mollie, wife of Mark Wessler of Delray Beach, FL and Ann, wife of Irvin Fealkoff of Fort Lauderdale, FL; eight grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren. He was predeceased by his sister, Susan Moskowitz of West Orange, NJ. He was born in Newark, New Jersey, a son of David and Rose (Malorotsky) Freilich and had lived in Worcester for many years moving to Lake Worth many years ago. He was the founder and owner of Universal Metal Corp. of Worcester and was its president for many years before retiring many years ago. He was a member of Yeshiva Achei Timimim as well as a longtime member of the Beth Israel Synagogue. He was a past president of Probus Club and was a founder and past Chancellor Commander of Benjamin Cordoza Lodge of the Knights of Pythias in New York City as well as a member of the Damascus Lodge of Knights of Pythias in Worcester. He was a member of Level Lodge of Masons, Worcester Lodge #600 of B'Nai Brith, the Jewish Healthcare Center as well as being an active member in many charitable organizations throughout the years. Funeral services were held on Wednesday, June 29 in Perlman Funeral Home in Worcester, MA. Memorial contributions may be made to Yeshiva Achei Timimim, 22 Newton Ave., Worcester, MA 01602. (HowardLewin42 on 29 Mar 2019)
(submitted by greg dawson)
MOLLY FREILICH (1903-1970) daughter of David and Rose (Maloratsky) Freilich, wife of Aaron Jacobson (1897-1983), children:
Alvin Jacobson (1922-2011), 82, of Coventry, beloved husband of Karen (Jorgensen) Jacobson passed away peacefully with his wife by his side Sunday, (October 23, 2011). He was born March 10, 1929 in Worcester, MA, the son of the late Aaron and Mollie (Mallor) Jacobson. He served in the United States Marines during World War II. He was a huge fan of the UConn Womens Basketball Team. He loved animals and enjoyed boating and dining out with his wife. He was a family man that enjoyed family reunions. Besides his wife of 41 years, he is survived by his sons, Lenny Jacobson and his wife, Beth of Watertown, CT and Matthew Jacobson and his wife, Julie of Westford, MA; his daughters, Ellen (Jacobson) Martin and her husband, Michael of Watertown, CT and Mollie (Jacobson) Quinn and her husband, Don; his brother, Larry Jacobson of Los Angeles, CA, 12 grandchildren; and numerous well-loved nieces, nephews, cousins, and friends. He was predeceased by his brother, Ishier Jacobson and his sister, Frances (Jacobson) Schultz.
Relatives and friends are welcome to join the family from 1-3 p.m. on Thursday, (October 27, 2011) at the Coventry-Pietras Funeral Home 2665 Boston Tpke. (rt. 44) Coventry, CT 06238. Military Honors will follow at 3 p.m. at the funeral home. For online condolences please visit: www.pietrasfuneralhome.com .
Kalman (Carl) Maloratsky (grandson of Joseph Maloratsky, son of Max Maloratsky)
river 1894
Work in America:
Bussiness Directory 1914, LAKE HOPATCONG ICE Co., NJ
and
Coal and Wood Dealers LURICH C.C. and Co (agents)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NameTitles and Terms Gender Age . Marital Status Race Relationship to Head of Household Birth Year (Estimated) Birthplace Immigration Year . Father's Birthplace . Mother's Birthplace . Sheet Letter
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Max Maloratsky Male 30 Married White Head 1880 Russia 1906 Russia Russia A11
Carl Maloratsky Male 16 Single . White . Son 1894
New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island)
Given Name Rochel
Surname Maloratzky
Last Place of Residence Malin, Russia
Event Date 04 Jul 1910
Age 4
Nationality Russia - Hebrew
Departure Port Libau, Latvia
Arrival Port New York
Gender Female
Marital Status S
Ship Name Lituania
Children of Rachel Maloratsky (1896-1969):
JOSEPH FREILICH Joseph Freilich, 90 (1914-2005), of 6037 Point Regal Circle, Delray Beach, formerly of Worcester, MA, died on Saturday, June 25 at home. His wife of 65 years, Edith (Salitsky) Freilich (1913-2001) died in 2001. He leaves two sons, Arnold Freilich and his wife Sandy of Lake Worth, FL and Stuart Freilich and his wife Phyllis of Worcester; a daughter, Phyllis, wife of Melvin Levey of Lake Worth, FL; a brother, Bennie Freilich of Pembroke Pines, FL; two sisters, Mollie, wife of Mark Wessler of Delray Beach, FL and Ann, wife of Irvin Fealkoff of Fort Lauderdale, FL; eight grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren. He was predeceased by his sister, Susan Moskowitz of West Orange, NJ. He was born in Newark, New Jersey, a son of David and Rose (Malorotsky) Freilich and had lived in Worcester for many years moving to Lake Worth many years ago. He was the founder and owner of Universal Metal Corp. of Worcester and was its president for many years before retiring many years ago. He was a member of Yeshiva Achei Timimim as well as a longtime member of the Beth Israel Synagogue. He was a past president of Probus Club and was a founder and past Chancellor Commander of Benjamin Cordoza Lodge of the Knights of Pythias in New York City as well as a member of the Damascus Lodge of Knights of Pythias in Worcester. He was a member of Level Lodge of Masons, Worcester Lodge #600 of B'Nai Brith, the Jewish Healthcare Center as well as being an active member in many charitable organizations throughout the years. Funeral services were held on Wednesday, June 29 in Perlman Funeral Home in Worcester, MA. Memorial contributions may be made to Yeshiva Achei Timimim, 22 Newton Ave., Worcester, MA 01602. (HowardLewin42 on 29 Mar 2019)
(submitted by greg dawson)
MOLLY FREILICH (1903-1970) daughter of David and Rose (Maloratsky) Freilich, wife of Aaron Jacobson (1897-1983), children:
Alvin Jacobson (1922-2011), 82, of Coventry, beloved husband of Karen (Jorgensen) Jacobson passed away peacefully with his wife by his side Sunday, (October 23, 2011). He was born March 10, 1929 in Worcester, MA, the son of the late Aaron and Mollie (Mallor) Jacobson. He served in the United States Marines during World War II. He was a huge fan of the UConn Womens Basketball Team. He loved animals and enjoyed boating and dining out with his wife. He was a family man that enjoyed family reunions. Besides his wife of 41 years, he is survived by his sons, Lenny Jacobson and his wife, Beth of Watertown, CT and Matthew Jacobson and his wife, Julie of Westford, MA; his daughters, Ellen (Jacobson) Martin and her husband, Michael of Watertown, CT and Mollie (Jacobson) Quinn and her husband, Don; his brother, Larry Jacobson of Los Angeles, CA, 12 grandchildren; and numerous well-loved nieces, nephews, cousins, and friends. He was predeceased by his brother, Ishier Jacobson and his sister, Frances (Jacobson) Schultz.
Relatives and friends are welcome to join the family from 1-3 p.m. on Thursday, (October 27, 2011) at the Coventry-Pietras Funeral Home 2665 Boston Tpke. (rt. 44) Coventry, CT 06238. Military Honors will follow at 3 p.m. at the funeral home. For online condolences please visit: www.pietrasfuneralhome.com .
Kalman (Carl) Maloratsky (grandson of Joseph Maloratsky, son of Max Maloratsky)
river 1894
Work in America:
Bussiness Directory 1914, LAKE HOPATCONG ICE Co., NJ
and
Coal and Wood Dealers LURICH C.C. and Co (agents)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NameTitles and Terms Gender Age . Marital Status Race Relationship to Head of Household Birth Year (Estimated) Birthplace Immigration Year . Father's Birthplace . Mother's Birthplace . Sheet Letter
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Max Maloratsky Male 30 Married White Head 1880 Russia 1906 Russia Russia A11
Carl Maloratsky Male 16 Single . White . Son 1894
Registration card of Karl (Kalman) Maloratsky
Natan Maloratsky (сын Джозефа, внук Мотеля Малорацкого) (1920 - 1960)
https://www.geni.com/people/Nathan-Maloratsky/6000000017843087601
Wife: Ethel Rose Maloratsky (Kaczer) (1922 - 2000) https://www.geni.com/people/Ethel-Maloratsky/6000000017842961274
Children: Barry Michael Maloratsky and Leonard Steven Maloratsky
Barry Michael Maloratsky (son of Natan Maloratsky) (1946-1973)
https://www.geni.com/people/Barry-Maloratsky/6000000017904539893
https://www.geni.com/people/Nathan-Maloratsky/6000000017843087601
Wife: Ethel Rose Maloratsky (Kaczer) (1922 - 2000) https://www.geni.com/people/Ethel-Maloratsky/6000000017842961274
Children: Barry Michael Maloratsky and Leonard Steven Maloratsky
Barry Michael Maloratsky (son of Natan Maloratsky) (1946-1973)
https://www.geni.com/people/Barry-Maloratsky/6000000017904539893
The palms on the monument, which are folded in a special gesture of blessing (birhat-kokhanim), are carved on the tombstone of a high-ranking religious dignitary - kohen. This symbol indicates that the Maloratskys were Cohen. There is a complex social hierarchy within the Jewish community, incl. social statuses received by birth. The latter included the class of cohens (kogans), who traced their genealogy from Abraham (Aaron) and were priests. Therefore, on their graves, you can see the image of that very jug. Even if the Jewish surname is not similar to the original "cohen" (as is the case with the Maloratskys), it may have something to do with it. A Cohen or a Levite in exile could be either a learned Talmudist or a simple tailor or merchant, but each of them was known for this status in his community. And most of them, when Jews received surnames, took for themselves exactly those surnames that directly indicated their Cohen or Levitic origin.зthem was known for this status in their community. And most of them, when Jews received surnames, took for themselves exactly those surnames that directly indicated their Cohen or Levitic Origins In exile, Jewish communities carefully monitored who was Israelite, who was Levite, and who was Cohen, so that when the Messiah came and the Temple of Jerusalem was rebuilt, they knew who to fulfill their respective responsibilities. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_leviti
|
Maloratsky Keil (Kaula, Klara) 36 (b.1876)
Maloratsky Chatskel (Humie) 15 (b.1897)
Maloratsky Jossel (Joseph) 16 (b.1896)
Maloratsky Abram 6 (b.1906)
Maloratsky Mere (Mary) 7 (b.1905)
Maloratsky Rachel ?
Maloratsky Chatskel (Humie) 15 (b.1897)
Maloratsky Jossel (Joseph) 16 (b.1896)
Maloratsky Abram 6 (b.1906)
Maloratsky Mere (Mary) 7 (b.1905)
Maloratsky Rachel ?
Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky
son of Morduch Avrumovich (b.1846), grandson of Avrum Chaimovich (b.1810)
The following is an archive document of the Zhytomyr Archive of 1892 (found by Ilya Goldfarb): the marriage of Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky for 22 years (1870), the Radomysl tradesman with Chaya Rivka Iosifovna Gulman, Zhytomyr bourgeois, 18 years (1874) .
son of Morduch Avrumovich (b.1846), grandson of Avrum Chaimovich (b.1810)
The following is an archive document of the Zhytomyr Archive of 1892 (found by Ilya Goldfarb): the marriage of Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky for 22 years (1870), the Radomysl tradesman with Chaya Rivka Iosifovna Gulman, Zhytomyr bourgeois, 18 years (1874) .
The following is an archive document of the Zhytomyr Archive (found by Ilya Goldfarb): Leya Aronovna Maloratsky, a Radomysl burgher, who in 1916 married Yuda-Leib Yonovich Kigel. At this time, Lee was 20 years old, i.e. she was born in 1896
Leia Maloratsky is the daughter of Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky and Chaya Rivka Iosifovna Maloratsky (Gulman).
Leia Maloratsky is the daughter of Aron Morduchovich Maloratsky and Chaya Rivka Iosifovna Maloratsky (Gulman).
Migration of Maloratsky (generations 1-6)
It is interesting to note that the three brothers Chaim, Abraham and Joseph named their sons by the same name Mordechai in honor of their father Mordechai (b.1822) (4th generation): the son of Chaim - Mordechai (Mark) - our grandfather; son of Abraham - Mordechai (Max) (b.1879) and son of Joseph - Mordechai (Motel) (b.1880). Of course, this is due to the fact that Jews have an ancient custom to call children names of deceased relatives - father, mother, grandmother, etc. This is based on the precept of the Torah, which states that the names of the dead should not be erased from the memory of the people of Israel. But the fact that all three brothers called sons the same name, obviously, speaks about the identity of their father (grandfather).
Four generations later (from the 5th to the 8th generation) the descendants of the brothers Khaim and Joseph Maloratsky found each other and met in Kfar Sava (Israel) where their families live. We must say that the probability of such an event is a fraction of a percent! This will be discussed in more detail at the end of this part and in Part 2 of Chapter 1.
THE HISTORICAL PERIOD OF 5 -7 GENERATIONS OF MALORATSKY The middle of the 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century
http://www.xliby.ru/istorija/evrei_v_rossii_samye_vlijatelnye_i_bogatye/p5.php
The 19th century was the century of the emergence of a new class among the Jews of Russia - the class of artisans. There were several prerequisites for this. First: throughout the history of the Jewish people, the craft (the acquisition of craft and devotion to it) had not only financial but also religious meaning. Talmudic literature indicates that occupation by craft restrains a person from the temptation to take away his neighbor's property. In addition, it protects from all those vices that appear in a person due to idleness. The approach to various professions was also religious. The second and objectively the main reason for the conversion of Jews to craft production, of course, is legislative: if earlier Jews engaged in handicrafts solely as an additional earnings for shinkatstvo (шинкарство, rus.), now the laws prohibit them from leasing drinking establishments. There is a problem of finding new ways of extracting food. Many Jews already have experience in various crafts and now, against the background of the general economic prosperity in the country, they join the ranks of small producers. To encourage Jews to undergo such re-qualification, the authorities give future artisans the right to live in cities outside the Pale of Settlement (though, limited time). There is a redistribution of class affiliation of the Jews: if earlier (after the Catherine's estate reform) they referred themselves to the petty bourgeois, now they are striving to join the merchants class, since the burghers were forbidden to live in the internal provinces. However, for quite some time Jews can live in the Great Russian provinces exceptionally temporarily, on special passports. By the end of the 19th century tailors (25.6%), shoemakers (14.4%) and carpenters (6%) prevailed among the Jews. Also, barbers, fabric dyers, bakers and butchers often met. According to EEI, 93% of all Jewish craftsmen lived within the Pale of Settlement, where they accounted for about 80% of the total number of artisans. By the end of the 19th century. In Russia there was a class of Jewish craftsmen who, together with their families, lived both in the provinces of the Pale of Settlement and in the inner provinces of the empire. The pogroms broke out simultaneously in the most diverse towns and took place under the same scenario: a crowd of drunken golodrans (голодранцы, rus.) came to the railway, they were first given vodka in taverns, and then they were led to the pre-arranged addresses of Jewish houses. Local residents, making sure that the authorities are not going to prevent pogroms in any way, gladly joined them. Living in villages was forbidden to Jews, so many were forced to live in small towns, disappearing from morning to evening in the surrounding villages. So worked tanners, glaziers, plasterers and representatives of other hired trades. Even before the assassination of Alexander II, the Russian press began to accuse the Jews of seducing Russian citizens with revolutionary ideas and cosmopolitanism. At the same time, the following data were published in the journal Novoye Vremya: Jews convicted of participation in the revolutionary movement were 7% of all convicts, and in Russia only 3%. However, all these figures and arguments only paved the way for a wave of hatred that was stirred up by the assassination of Tsar Alexander II on March 1, 1881. The pogroms broke out simultaneously in the most diverse towns and took place according to the same scenario: a crowd of drunken golodrans arrived at the railway, Taverns, and then conducted on the case at the pre-known addresses of Jewish homes. Local residents, making sure that the authorities are not going to prevent pogroms in any way, gladly joined them. For many Russian Jews, 1881 was a turning point: some went into exile, others were increasingly inclined to revolutionary ideas. As far as we know, there were no last among Maloratsky. About the victims of the pogroms among our kind will be discussed further. By 1897 there were 7.5 million Jews in the world. On the territory of the Russian Empire lived about 5.25 million Jews, of whom 3.837 million lived in European Russia. 105 thousand Jews lived in the Caucasus, Siberia and Central Asia. Jews accounted for more than 50% of the urban population of Lithuania and Belarus. In the cities of Ukraine lived: Russian - 35.5%, Jews - 30%, Ukrainians - 27%. 43.6% of Jews were small artisans, 14.4% - tailors and seamstresses, 6.6% - carpenters, 3.1% - locksmiths, the rest were engaged in trade and other forms of services or did not have certain classes. In one way or another, Russian language was owned by 24.6% of Jews. Another important fact in the history of the Jews of pre-revolutionary Russia is the appearance of the so-called "Protocols of the Elders of Zion" (Протоколы сионских мудрецов, rus.), which allegedly revealed the world conspiracy of Jews against humanity. True, an investigation was conducted that showed that the "Protocols" was a fake, as reported to Emperor Nicholas II by Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin. However, the tsar did not hurry to stop another wave of pogroms that swept the country. The most bloody was a pogrom in Chisinau, where 49 Jews were killed. Pogromists have achieved: 1903 was the year of mass emigration of Jews from Russia. Many of the Maloratsky at this time left Russia (see below). The indignation of the world community forced the government to soften its attitude towards the Jews. And in 1903 in the Pale of Settlement included another 158 settlements, previously banned for residence. Further, the eviction of Jews from the 50-verst border zone was stopped (this restriction existed since the middle of the 19th century), and a new Charter on Passports was adopted, expanding the list of professions whose representatives could settle outside the Pale of Settlement. In this more or less favorable legislative climate (although anti-Semitic in fact) Jews lived right up to the revolution, which radically changed both the economic and political life in the country. At the beginning of 1917, about 5 million Jews lived in Russia, which was approximately 4% of the country's population. Most of them lived in cities and towns of the former Pale of Settlement and was engaged in small-scale trade and private business. With the power of the Bolsheviks, the Jews did not immediately have a relationship: the government took a course toward the destruction of private enterprise, in which the majority of the Jewish population of the country was employed. It is important to note here that the notorious participation of many Jews in the revolutionary movement has, on the one hand, profound causes, on the other, it is not quite correctly interpreted. Basically, the Jews seen in the revolutionary movement were assimilated Jews who renounced their origins and religion in the name of the ideas of the revolution. The bourgeoisie, the Jewish public, was categorically opposed to Bolshevism and was happy to finance various speeches of Whites. However, both the Bolsheviks and the white Jews did not like, though for different reasons. Therefore, the civil war turned into a real catastrophe for them: almost 100,000 people were killed as a result of the pogroms. The Bolsheviks guessed from the unpunished bloodshed of the Jews that they had been placed in their own homes. It was a very sensible decision: the Jews were nice allies - they had money that they were willing to share in exchange for protection from pogroms. In addition, the Jews were enterprising and well educated. Therefore, by 1919 those who had not left Russia had accepted the side of the victorious government. The further relationship between the Jews and the Soviet authorities was quite contradictory.
On the one hand, there is already no Pale of Settlement, Jews have the right to study and work on an equal footing with other citizens, toiled at Soviet enterprises, went to Soviet theaters, taught at Soviet universities. On the other hand, it is one of the most persecuted groups of the Soviet population during all 70 years of Soviet power. In addition to the repressions, camps and executions that the Jews went through together with other residents of the USSR, many other tests have fallen on their shoulders. The families of the Maloratsky-Vinitsky directly touched these tests (JDC agents, the doctors' case, the enemies of the people) (see further in Chapter 2).
So, we investigated in detail seven generations of the Maloratsky family. The cumulative influence of seven generations of ancestors in the Avestan (авестийская, rus.) astrological tradition was called the "genoscope", which differs significantly from the individual horoscope, since it represents a cliche of life situations and events that are surely realized in a person's life, if he does not show his personal individual qualities, and will simply "go with the flow." The individual fate of our descendants will largely depend on the genoscope - the collective karma of the ancestors. Each of us will unconsciously be inclined towards the development of ancestors, who exert the greatest influence on him, it will not be easy for him to show his own individuality.
Later in Chapter 1, Part 2, the materials of all the descendants of Chaim Maloratsky (brother of Abracham and Joseph Maloratsky) will be presented.
Male gender MALORATSKY
5. Our ancestors in Malin
Since 1881, a wave of pogroms swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms and extreme poverty in which most Jews lived in Russia, mass emigration began, primarily to the United States. 1905 - 1910 years - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia. Over these five years, more than half a million Jews have come to the country. 1919 - а wave of pogroms was instigated in Ukraine and Poland, inspired by Ukrainе, Polish and White armies and Cossacks. More than five hundred Jewish settlements were damaged and thousands of Jews were killed.
Ellis Island is an island in the harbor of New York was the gateway to millions of immigrants in the United States, as an immigration inspection station from 1892 to 1954. The main port of entry to Ellis Island was admitting 12 million arrivals from 1892 to 1954. While many remained in the region, others dispersed throughout America, more than 10 million leaving the nearby terminal of the Central Railway Station of New Jersey. Immigrants were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States. Here, the Russian Jew had to defend his right of entry. Immigration officials conducted a thorough medical examination, looked into the soul and wallet, asked in detail about the relatives and intentions. If the arriving person suffered from infectious diseases (tuberculosis, trachoma), his shipping company provided a return journey. Immigrants did not accidentally call Ellis Island "island of tears", as every day here played out human tragedies and people's lives were broken. The past immigration control entered a new life.
From the newspaper "Russkoe slovo", March 4 (February 19), 1906: "NEW YORK, February 17 (March 2). Today, 2000 Russian emigrants arrived on the steamer "Pennsylvania". This is the highest, observed so far, the number of daytime the arrival of emigrants. Over the past year, more than 150,000 Jewish immigrants arrived here, 60,000 of whom settled in New York".
April 1907 was a busy time for officials on Ellis Island. During this historic month of US immigration, the port of New York received 197 ships and more than a quarter of a million passengers from around the world. Most of these visitors were immigrants intent on creating a new life in America. The busy day ever registered at Ellis Island Immigrant Processing was on April 17, 1907. On that day, officials processed 11,747 arrivals compared to a typical day with only 5,000 arrivals.
The Approximately every second American now has in his genealogical tree at least one person who came to the US through this island!
A list of our ancestors from Malin*) arriving in Ellis Island (USA):
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~&collection_id=1368704&offset=60 :
First name Last name Event Date Age Departure Port Gender Marital Ship Name
Rashmiel Maloretzki 18 Sept 1911 8y Rotterdam Male S Potsdam
Liebe Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 35y Rotterdam Female M Noordam
Masie Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 11y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
David Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 10y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Ruchel Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 8y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Salmon Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 6y Rotterdam Male S Noordam
Basie**) Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 2y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
Manie***) Maloritzke 25 Aug 1913 4y Rotterdam Female S Noordam
Liebe Maloratzky 04 Jul 1910 32 Libau, Latvia Female M Lituania
Meier Maloratzky 04 Jul 1910 7y Libau, Latvia Male S Lituania
Rochel Maloratzky 04 Jul 1910 4y Libau, Latvia Female S Lituania
Salmon Maloratzky 04 Jul 1910 3y Libau, Latvia Male S Lituania
Mane Maloratzky 04 Jul 1910 11m Libau, Latvia Female S Lituania
*) The probability that these are our ancestors Maloratsky is very large, because according to the census of 1897 in Malin (from which they were born) lived only 2,547 Jews and only a small fraction were Maloratsky. The list of Jews from Malin, compiled by E.Kamenir (see below) includes about 250 names, so it can be assumed that the Maloratsky among them were no more than 50 people.
In the mid-19th century in Malin, there were 130 households with 1038 inhabitants. Maloratsky in Malin emerged from the village of Malaya Racha, where in 1765 there were 7 souls, in 1773 - 4, in 1778 - 7, in 1784 - 6, in 1789 - 4, in 1791 - 8 (see earlier).
It is certain that Rashmiel Maloritzke (Maloratsky) (see the above chart for Abracham Maloratsky) is the son of Abracham and the cousin of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky; Rashmiel (Harry) was born in 1894 in Malin, died February 6, 1972 in Brooklyn, New York; his wife Eva Petetska was born in 1897 in Malin, died April 26, 1954 in Brooklyn, New York.
It is certain that
Rashmiel Maloritzke (Maloratsky) (see the diagram above for Abracham Maloratsky) is the son of Abraham and the cousin of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky; Rashmiel (Harry) was born in 1894 in Malin, died February 6, 1972 in Brooklyn (New York); his wife Eva Petetskaya was born in 1897 in Malin, died April 26, 1954 in Brooklyn (New York).
According to the US census in 1925:
http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1925NYStateCensus&gss=angsd&new=1&rank=1&msT=1&gsln=MALORATSKY&gsln_x=0&msrpn__ftp=Ukraine&msrpn=5233&msrpn_PInfo=3%7c0%7c1652381%7c0%7c5233%7c0%7c0%7c0%7c0%7c0%7c0%7c&MSAV=0&uidh=000&gl=&gst=&hc=50
All New York, State Census, 1940 results for Maloratsky (см. ниже)
Name Birth Year Residence Place Place ov Birth
Ray Maloratsky abt 1860 city, New York Russia
May Maloratsky abt 1881 city, New York Russia
Libby Maloratsky abt 1882 city, New York Russia
David Maloratsky abt 1906 city, New York
Sol Maloratsky abt 1908 city, New York
Minnie Maloratsky***) abt 1909 city, New York
Bessie Maloratsky**) abt 1912 city, New York
Rebecca Maloratsky abt 1914 city, New York
Bessie Maloratsky https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
New York, State Census, 1925
Name: Bessie Maloratsky
Event Type: Census
Event Date: 1925
Event Place: New York, A.D. 02, E.D. 05, New York, New York, United States
Gender: Female
Age: 13
Nationality: Russia
Race: White
Relationship to Head of Household: Daughter
Birth Year (Estimated): 1912
Years in United States: 13
Minnie Maloratsky https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
New York, State Census, 1925
Name: Minnie Maloratsky
Event Type: Census
Event Date: 1925
Event Place: New York, A.D. 02, E.D. 05, New York, New York, United States
Gender: Female
Age: 16
Nationality: Russia
Race: White
Relationship to Head of Household: Daughter
Birth Year (Estimated): 1909
Years in United States: 13
In the table below, the Maloratsky family is singled out:
NAME RELATION Age Place of Birth Year of
immigration
Maloratsky, Joseph head 31 Russia 1912
Maloratsky, Jetta wife 28 Russia 1914
Maloratsky, Walton son 18 New York
Maloratsky, Molly daughter 8 New York
Maloratsky, Alex son 5 New York
Maloratskys, who came to America in the early 20th century, acquired various variants of surnames*): Maloratsky, Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Mallor.
*) many people entered America without a passport. They bought a ticket and went through the entrance control just by calling their name. In this case, the name and surname was recorded, as its American official heard and understood.
Background: 1897 - there were about five million Jews living in Russia, despite the almost immigrant emigration since 1881. In some cities, the Jewish population was predominant or large. For example, 80% of Jews in Berdichev, 76% in Belostok, 52% in Minsk, 45% in Vilnius and 35% in Odessa. In total for the years 1881-1912, 1 million 889 thousand Jews emigrated from Russia, 84% of them in the USA, 8.5% - in England, 2.2% - in Canada. During this period, Russian Jews accounted for about 4% of the population of the Russian Empire, but they accounted for 70% of all Jewish emigration to the United States.
The number of Jewish immigrants from 1897 to 1914, as long as the German war did not close the border, is estimated in different ways. According to the Jewish Statistical Society for 1917, since 1897, 938 thousand people left Russia, that is 24% of the Jewish population recorded in the 1897 census - one in four. According to the data in the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia, from 1881 to 1914, Jewish emigration from the Russian Empire (together with the Kingdom of Poland) amounted to 1 million 980 thousand people; the vast majority of emigrants - about 80% - went to the United States.
To give up the settled life, which grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived, and only "brave people" who could see the prospect outside the native shtetl (place) could start "chasing a crane in the sky" ("в погоню за журавлем в небе", rus.). "In America, people do not live, in America people are saved," Sholem Aleichem wrote, who in 1914 finally landed in New York. And, as it was difficult, Jews from Russia took root overseas - until 1914, only 7% of those who had left returned. http://magazines.russ.ru/znamia/2013/4/n8.html
*) many people entered America without a passport. They bought a ticket and went through the entrance control just by calling their name. In this case, the name and surname was recorded, as its American official heard and understood.
Background: 1897 - there were about five million Jews living in Russia, despite the almost immigrant emigration since 1881. In some cities, the Jewish population was predominant or large. For example, 80% of Jews in Berdichev, 76% in Belostok, 52% in Minsk, 45% in Vilnius and 35% in Odessa. In total for the years 1881-1912, 1 million 889 thousand Jews emigrated from Russia, 84% of them in the USA, 8.5% - in England, 2.2% - in Canada. During this period, Russian Jews accounted for about 4% of the population of the Russian Empire, but they accounted for 70% of all Jewish emigration to the United States.
The number of Jewish immigrants from 1897 to 1914, as long as the German war did not close the border, is estimated in different ways. According to the Jewish Statistical Society for 1917, since 1897, 938 thousand people left Russia, that is 24% of the Jewish population recorded in the 1897 census - one in four. According to the data in the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia, from 1881 to 1914, Jewish emigration from the Russian Empire (together with the Kingdom of Poland) amounted to 1 million 980 thousand people; the vast majority of emigrants - about 80% - went to the United States.
To give up the settled life, which grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived, and only "brave people" who could see the prospect outside the native shtetl (place) could start "chasing a crane in the sky" ("в погоню за журавлем в небе", rus.). "In America, people do not live, in America people are saved," Sholem Aleichem wrote, who in 1914 finally landed in New York. And, as it was difficult, Jews from Russia took root overseas - until 1914, only 7% of those who had left returned. http://magazines.russ.ru/znamia/2013/4/n8.html
New Year's card dedicated to the immigration of Russian Jews to America
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The way of emigrants to America lay, as a rule, through Brody*) and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia in Hamburg and Bremen. From here began a two-week voyage that turned into a total nightmare due to seasickness, unsanitary conditions, poor food and rudeness of the crew and stewards. However, all the sorrows receded into the background when a "land of hope" arose on the horizon. Immigrants were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States. Here the Russian Jew had to defend his right to enter. *) Located near the Austrian border with Russia, Brody served until the First World War as a temporary haven and transit point for many thousands of Russian Jews who had emigrated to America. From here began a two-week voyage in overcrowded, stuffy compartments for class IV passengers, turning into a real nightmare due to seasickness, unsanitary conditions, poor food and rude stewards. The shipping companies, receiving huge profits from flights from Europe to America, did not care much for those to whom they promised through their numerous agents on both sides of the Atlantic a comfortable and fast journey. |
DEJAVU
(After almost 120 years, the descendants of the Maloratsky visited the place where their ancestors stayed)
(After almost 120 years, the descendants of the Maloratsky visited the place where their ancestors stayed)
Fragment from the newspaper of 1914:
Jewish emigration
The Jewish Emigration Society in Kiev (I. T. O.) hereby brings to the attention of all of its representatives and the Jewish emigrating masses that travel to Canada is now cheaper through him: through Bremen, Hamburg, Antwerp and Rotterdam, each with 57 rubles person, and from Libavu - 62 rubles. It is also now cheaper (70 rubles) to travel to New York and Boston via Libavu with a transfer to English steamers. All the details about the trip to all ports and countries can be found verbally or in writing in the board of the company in Kiev (M. Blagoveshchenskaya 44, apt. 15).
The Jewish Emigration Society in Kiev (I. T. O.) hereby brings to the attention of all of its representatives and the Jewish emigrating masses that travel to Canada is now cheaper through him: through Bremen, Hamburg, Antwerp and Rotterdam, each with 57 rubles person, and from Libavu - 62 rubles. It is also now cheaper (70 rubles) to travel to New York and Boston via Libavu with a transfer to English steamers. All the details about the trip to all ports and countries can be found verbally or in writing in the board of the company in Kiev (M. Blagoveshchenskaya 44, apt. 15).
The list of our ancestors Maloratsky, who arrived in America in the early 20th century.
First name Changed Year Place Date Date and Place
of Maloratsky name birth name of the birth of the arrival of death
Rashmiel Maloretzki 1893 Malin, Russia 18 Sept 1911
Liebe Maloritzke (1913) 1878 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Maloratsky (1925)
Masie Maloritzke (1913) 1902 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Maloratsky (1925)
David Maloritzke (1913) 1903 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Maloratsky (1925)
Rochel Maloritzke (1913) 1905 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Maloratsky (1925)
Salmon Maloritzke (1913) 1907 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Maloratsky (1925)
Basie (1913) Maloritzke (1913) 1912 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Bessie (1925)**) Maloratsky (1925)
Manie (1913) Maloritzke (1913) 1909 Malin, Russia 25 Aug. 1913
Minnie (1925)***) Maloratsky (1925)
Two dates: 1913 is registered at the time of arrival; 1925 according to the American census in 1925
Liebe Maloratzky 1878 Malin, Russia 04 July 1910
Meier Maloratzky 1903 Malin, Russia 04 July 1910
Rochel****) Maloratzky 1906 Malin, Russia 04 July 1910
Salmon Maloratzky 1907 Malin, Russia 04 July 1910
Mane Maloratzky 1909 Malin, Russia 04 July 1910
Mordechai (Motel) 1879 Malin, Russia 01 Feb 1907 New Jersey
(Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky's cоusin (grand-father of Leo Maloratsky), son of Josef Maloratsky (5th generation).
Clara Maloratsky 01 Feb 1907 1939
(Mordechai's wife) (Bodilovsky) New Jersey
Mary Shehter 1903 Malin, Russia 01 Feb 1907 1979
(Mordechai's daughter) (Maloratsky) New Jersey
Kalman (Carl) 1894 Russia 1966
Newark, NJ
Chatjkel Maloratzky 1896 Lawary, Russia 11 June 1911y 1970
Montclair, NJ
Jossel Maloratzky 1898 Lawary, Russia 11 June 1911y 1963
Mary 1903 Ukraine 1979
Elizabeth, NJ
Abraham Maloratzky 1906 Lawary, Russia 11 June 1911y 1963
Brooklyn, NY
Nere Maloratzky 1905 Lawary, Russia 11 June 1911y
Roshel Maloratzky 1893 Lawary, Russia 11 June 1911y
Zlata 1880 Ukraine
Chayka 1881 Ukraine
Michel (Harry) 1893 Ukraine 1977
Miami, FL
Abraham 1917 1999
West Palm Beach, FL
Rachel (Rose) 1896 Kiev, Ukraine 1969
Worcestor, MA
Mordechai (Max) 1880 Malin, Ukraine 1945
NY, NY
Mollie 1903 Kiev, Ukraine 1970
Stamford, CT
Solomon Mallor 1904 Ukraine 1968
Flushing, NY
Rose 1905 Ukraine 1915
NY, NY
David Mallor 1905 Ukraine 1973
Far Rockaway, NY
Minnie 1907 Ukraine 1986
Queens, NY
Bess 1911 Ukraine 1992
Voornees, NJ
Michel 1884 Malin, Russia
Chava (Eva) 1888 Malin, Russia 1945
NY, NY
Zisel (Sam) 1889 Malin, Russia 1924
Max Mallor 1919 Ukraine 1982
Coconut Creek, FL
Judah 1890 Malin, Russia
Chaika (Ida) 1895 Malin, Russia
Abracham 1859 Malin, Russia 20 Feb 1917 1950
(uncle of Mordechai (Mark)-grand-father of Leo Maloratsky) Parksville, NY
Rifka Maloratsky (Ivonsky) 1859 Malin, Russia 20 Feb 1917 1950
(Abraham's wife) Parksville, NY
Harry (Rashmiel) 1894 Malin, Russia 20 Feb 1917 1972
(Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky's cоusin, grand-father of Leo Maloratsky) Brooklyn, NY
Eva Maloratsky (Piotetsky) 1896 Malin, Russia 20 Feb 1917 1954
(Harry's wife) Brooklyn, NY
It is interesting to trace the approximate chronology and dynamics of the Maloratsky move from Malin to America (according to the available data).
In total from 1859 to 1913 (for 54 years) Malin left 36 Maloratsky.
From 1859 to 1909 (for 50 years) left 22 people, i.e. on average one for 2-3 years.
From 1910 to 1913 (4 years) left fourteen, i.e. more than 3 per year! *)
*) 1905 - 1910 years - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia after the terrible war of pogroms that have gone through the entire Pale of Settlement.
In total from 1859 to 1913 (for 54 years) Malin left 36 Maloratsky.
From 1859 to 1909 (for 50 years) left 22 people, i.e. on average one for 2-3 years.
From 1910 to 1913 (4 years) left fourteen, i.e. more than 3 per year! *)
*) 1905 - 1910 years - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia after the terrible war of pogroms that have gone through the entire Pale of Settlement.
The first wave of mass emigration began after the pogroms of 1881-82, the next was caused by the expulsion of Jews from Moscow. The peak came in 1905-1907, after a terrible war of pogroms that passed through the entire Pale of Settlement (черта оседлости, rus.) and not only along it. In 1905, 92 thousands Jews left Russia, in 1906 - 125 thousands. Before the First World War almost two million Jews left the empire, more than one and a half from them came to America. For emigration, an American entry visa was not required, but only a ticket for the transatlantic steamship (шифскарта)*), a foreign passport and exemption from conscription were needed. Those who could not get the required documents crossed the border illegally. Most of the artisans left, as well as those who were at home shy of manual labor, but were ready to "stain their hands" in their new homeland, being away from their native township community, in general those who from the first day, without knowing the language, could start working . The intelligentsia - doctors and lawyers - rarely left, they felt less oppression and need in Russia and had few chances to retain their status in the United States. After 1905, many revolutionaries left for America: some escaped the repression of the Stolypin regime, others became disenchanted with the revolution, seeing that it was not equality, but pogroms that brought Jews to equality. The First World War closed the option of emigration, but abolished the Pale of Settlement. The flight and eviction of the war period splashed up to half a million Jews into inner Russia. In the 1920s and 1930s, the migration in this direction continued and even intensified.
*) шифскарта – document on the right of travel of an expatriate from Russia to America
Founded in New York in 1904 by immigrants from Radomysl, Ukraine, as the Radomysler Unterstitzung Verein. Changed name to present title and incorporated in 1910. Activities included relief work after World War I and World War II. Used cemeteries of Mt. Zion and Beth Israel.
The cemetery "Mount Zion" was created by the Jewish community and has existed for over a hundred years. The first burial took place on May 5, 1893. To date, more than 210,000 burials have been made. Address 59-63 54th Avenue Maspeth, NY 11378 (detailed information is given later in this part of the Pedigree).
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RADOMYSLER BEN SOC
Entrance to the site 41R of the burial of the Jews of Radomysl of the older generation. |
RADOMYSLER YOUNG MENS
Entrance to the site at 34R of the burial place of young people from Radomysl. |
In the early 20 century, many Jews left Radomysl and emigrated to other countries. In 1904, Radomysl's brotherhood in the United States created the charitable organization "Radomysler unterzitsung vereyn".
In the early 20 century, many Jews left Radomysl and emigrated to other countries. In 1904, Radomysl's brotherhood in the United States created the charitable organization "Radomysler unterzitsung vereyn".
Resettlement of Maloratsky from Malaya Racha to Malin (1827-1835)
Maloratsky's moved from the village of Malaya Racha to Malin in connection with the following circumstances.
Perhaps this coincided with the published Regulation of 1804, "The Norm on eviction from the countryside". The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages. In this regard, the third Jewish Committee recommended stopping the persecution and eviction of the Jewish tavern-keepers (шинкарей, rus.) and rural tenants, and instead find a way to make them less profitable for the wine trade, so that they themselves would like to go to the city. The state ignored the important role of Jews in the rural economy, focusing on the need for establishing an administrative order and ensuring a clear correspondence between the formal status of Jews, who were then assigned to urban estates, and their real way of life. December 2, 1827, decrees were published on the eviction of Jews from the countryside in the Grodno province and from Kiev for two years (for various reasons, the execution of the second decree was postponed until February 1835). In 1830, Jews were deported from the villages of the Kiev province. After the exodus of our Maloratsky ancestors from Malаya Racha around 1830, they most likely ended up in Malin, where at that time there was a significant influx of Jewish population (from 147 Jews in 1790 to 1064 Jews (40% of the total population ) in 1847). We do not have the demographic statistics of 1830, but we can assume from the demographic statistics below that at that time there were more than 500 Jews in Malin. During this time, Malin turned from the town of Radomysl district of the Kiev province in 1797, to the volost center of the Radomysl district in 1861.
A significant increase in the Jewish population from agricultural areas after 1830, was associated with decrees on the eviction of Jews from rural areas. By the end of the 19th century. In Malin there were 2547 Jews (1897), among whom our ancestors Maloratsky were аbout 50. These statistics are based on the documents of the Immigration Services of America, which fix the data of the Maloratsky immigrants who left Malin In the late 19th - early 20th century. Thus, Maloratsky, who left Malaya Racha in the amount of about 20 people in 1830, grew up in Malin to 50 people. In the late 19th century, and in the early 20th century. Almost all have left for America (these statistics will be refined as more information is received from archives and other sources).
The map above shows that Radomysl, which at that time was a significant Jewish community, is located much closer to Malaya Racha than Malin. A legitimate question arises, why did our ancestors, however, find themselves mainly in Malin, and not in Radomysl? We can assume that the reason for this was the difficult situation for Jews in Radomysl. At that time in Radomysl a number of Jewish pogroms took place. In 1826 a police officer from Radomysl reported to the Kiev military governor that "Jewish ritual murders" were perpetrated on the personal orders of Mordechai Tversky, the son of the founder of the Chernobyl Tzaddik dynasty. In 1830 four Jews from Starokonstantinov were brought to trial for their murder of a seven-year-old boy with the purpose of using his blood for baking matzo, the process continued until 1836. http://inquisitor.com.ua/index.php/stati-saitu/ 78-dva-naroda-v-zhizni-ukrainy-nemtsy-i-evre
In 1839 in Radomysl, the barber A. Lazebnik was arrested because he "cut Nechiporenko's girl's throat and collected blood in a basin." Surprisingly, all these cases ended in an excuse for the defendants, and rumors of Jewish crimes were still circulating in Ukraine.
Malin
General information
Malin is a city of regional importance in the Zhitomir region of Ukraine, the administrative center of the Malin district. Malin is the historical center of the Zhitomir region, located on the Irsha River, not far from the Kiev-Kovel-Warsaw highway. On the map of the 19th century. Malin is located on the border of the lands of the Kiev and Volyn provinces. Malin until 1937 belonged to the Kiev province. To the Zhitomir region. It was carried only in 1937. "The Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron. - S.-Pb .: Brockhaus-Efron 1890-1907": Malin mst. Kiev Gubernia, Radomyslsky u. yard. 300, people 2760. Pravoslav. church, Roman-Catholiv church, almshouse, school, synagogue and 2 evr. prayer homes, hospital.
History
According to one version of the historians, the name of the city comes from the name of the Drevlyanite prince Mala, about which there are written testimonies dated 10-12 centuries. After all, at the root of the city's name is clearly traced the name of the Drevlyansky prince of - the legendary personality of the times of Kiev Russia. Especially often he is mentioned in the chronicle stories about the uprising of the Drevlyans against the Kiev prince Igor in 945. However, there are new hypotheses regarding the origin of the name Malin. Prince Mala refused to pay a double tribute to Igor. The same Mala, with whom (like with other Drevlyanes) insidiously wound up Olga. And if you take into account that the Drevlyanes, the border tribe, hesitated between the power of Kiev and the Khazars and, probably, at least from time to time entered the Khazar empire. The chronicler testifies that in 945 prince Igor and his retinue went to collect tribute from the Drevlyans who lived in the places of the present Korosten and Malin ... Having collected a considerable tribute and returning to Kiev, prince Igor decided to take a new tribute. The greed and arbitrariness of the Kiev prince outraged the Drevlyans. Under the leadership of their prince Mala, they attacked and killed Igor and all who were with him. This was probably the first popular uprising against the predatory policies of the princes. For the death of Prince Igor Princess Olga cruelly avenged the Drevlyans and their prince.
In the composition of Rech (Реч, rus.). In 1569, after the conclusion of the Union of Lublin, Malin joined the Rech Pospolita. The nobility ruthlessly exploited the local population. In the first half of the 17th century. Malin belongs to Countess Krasitsky. Later, the Malin estate passed to Princess Radziwill and her heirs. In 1648 the inhabitants of the city rebelled against the rulers, joined the peasant - Cossack militia of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malin remained part of Poland and was under its authority until 1793. Thus, the ancestors of the Maloratsky family from the town of Malin lived practically the entire 18th century. In the territory of the Rech Pospolita.
As part of the Russian Empire. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, the Malin lands became part of Russia. In 1797, Malin was the town of the Radomysl district of the Kiev province. In the mid-19th century. In Malin, there were 130 households with 1038 inhabitants. In the city there operated an iron foundry, two mills, trade was developing. After the reform of 1861 and the abolition of serfdom in Malin, industry began to develop. In 1866 Malin became a volost center.
Origin of the name of the city of Malin
Some scholars believe that the name of the city comes from the daughter of Mala Drevlyansky, Malusha, who was enslaved by princess Olga and, thanks to her nobility, gained an important position as a housekeeper at the Kiev court. The princess of Drevlyane, Olga's son, Svyatoslav, fell in love in Malusha, and later a son was born, in the future prince Vladimir of Kiev. Malin served as an outpost on the eastern borders of the Drevlyan land. That is why he was attacked during the punitive campaign of Olga. In Malin to this day, the legend that the city was founded by Maly Drevlyansky is surprising, which is not surprising, for these names are clearly interrelated, and the city lies undoubtedly on the territory of the Drevlyanska land. He clearly served as an outpost on the far approaches to Korosten, completing the Olevsk and Ovruch system (in the chronicle Ovruch is called "Vruchy") from a third party. And the basis of "small" in the name of the city says that it could not be founded after the reign of Mala. The custom of the monarch to give his name to the important city, his name is known from antiquity in many nations. This custom is widely known in Russia. In accordance with this rule, the meaning of the name Malin was taken as "a fortress built by Mala". However, this is not so. Although the fact that Malin bears the name Mala seemed obvious, this is contradicted by the form of the city's name. This refers to the use of the formant "in", not "ov". Formant "in" in the Russian language is productive, when the basis is either a woman's name, or a man's name ending in "a" or "я" and leaning like a woman. So, from the male names of Ilya, Nikita, Dobrynya the names Ilyin, Nikitin, Dobrynin (and not Ilyov, Nikitov, Dobrynev) were made. On the contrary, from the male names ending in the consonant, for example Ivan, Peter, Stepan, the names Ivanov, Petrov, Stepanov, and not Ivanin, Petrin, Stepanin were produced. In accordance with this simple rule of Russian onomastics, the city, named for Prince Mal, should have been called Malov. However, it is called Malin. So who is he named then? The clue here is obvious, in that it, although it seems, was laid by Mal, but is named after the princess or princess Mala. But we do not know such princesses or princesses. Who is she? We know her well. This is Malusha! Malin is named after her! *)
Malusha? No, Mala! Historian Prozorovsky dated her probable birth between 940 and 944 years. This is just the eve of the 945 uprising. And the birth of the prince's daughter is an excellent and quite plausible occasion for the city's laying in her honor (of course, in a place important for Mal strategically and politically suitable for him). Another version: As a result of one of the successful campaigns against the Khazars, part of their possessions left Kiev, including among others the town of Lyubech (now in the Chernigov region, Ukraine). "The Tale of Bygone Years" (referring to 960) calls one of the residents of Lyubech, a Jew, calling him Malk Lyubechanin. He was honored in the chronicles because of his children. There were two of them: the daughter of Malka and the son of Tovy. Apparently, the father gave them a good education for those times, and so Olga took them to the service to the court. Malka she made a housekeeper and a gracious lord responsible for the distribution of alms, and Tovy assigned a tutor to her son first and then to her grandson. At the same time she renamed them. Malka received a caressing name - Malusha, and with Tovy she removed the "tracing-paper", that is, translated his name, having semantic meaning, into Russian: Tovy comes from the Hebrew "tov" - a kind one, and Olga turned Tovy into Dobrynia (the name that survived only in the surname - Dobrynins). The name Malusha is a Russian derivative of the Hebrew ("Hebrew") words "Malka", "Melekh", "Malek", as well as the word "Princess" from the word "Prince"). The post that Malusha occupied under princess Olga, the housekeeper (and according to one of the chronicle lists, the gracious girl), undoubtedly demanded literacy, and at that time a literate Slavic woman was a rarity, and even among the representatives of the highest estates (which is unlikely could correspond to those duties that performed under the Grand Duke's court of Malusha), even among the Jews, even at that time the ability to read and count was not a curiosity. According to Dahl: "The key is m.," housekeeper-w., who walks in the keys, the minister, the manager of the provisions in the house, the cellar, and sometimes the drinks. ". I.I. Sreznevsky believes that the mention of Malusha in one of the lists as "gracious" indicates, perhaps, that she knew the distribution of alms in the name of the princess. Whatever the case, Malusha's responsibilities at the court of the Grand Duchess demanded first of all literacy, which indicated the education received in childhood, as well as Olga's trust. Father of Malusha and Dobrynia was a certain Malk from the town of Lyubech, one of the oldest Russian cities, located 202 versts (215.5 km) from Kiev and 50 versts (about 53 km) from Chernigov and originally paid a tribute to the Khazars, and in 882 year captured by Prince Oleg (Now Lubech is the district center of the Chernigov region of Ukraine). Since Malk is a Jewish name, and the case took place in pre-Christian Russia, this Malka should be considered either a Jew or a Khazarin-Judaist. http://www.belousenko.com/books/dudakov/dudakov_paradoksy.htm
What were the destinies of Malka Lyubechanin's children? Svyatoslav fell in love in Malusha and married her. The youngest son of their marriage was Vladimir. Dobrynia displayed a military talent, and he became a commander of Svyatoslav, played an outstanding role in the victorious battles with the Khazars. Subsequently, already under Vladimir, he was appointed prince posadnik (viceroy) in Novgorod and at the behest of Vladimir baptized Novgorod. The Baptist of Russia, St. Vladimir, Krasnoe Solyshko, himself called himself that because he was hated more in Russia than anyone else, especially for violent baptism. And now, it would seem, a paradoxical situation in Russian religious history: Vladimir's baptism in Kiev took place, whose mother Malusha was Jewish, and in Novgorod his mother's uncle, his uncle. But not for this act Dobrynya got into Russian folklore, but for his "military feats." Svyatoslav was killed on the Dnieper rapids pechenegami - on the tip of the traitors of people who are close to him. He never went to the Volga. And it is unlikely that he could have dragged him, for thousands of versts, to reach the boats of his glorious squad for the impenetrable distance. It was in 965 that the great Khazar state on the Volga was destroyed by Muslims - Guz, - and not by some kind of squad of Rus from the remote city of Kiev, which numbered only a population of twenty thousand.
Comic sketch:
В Третьяковской галерее
На стенах одни евреи. А из "Трех богатырей" Левый*) тоже был еврей. Хаим, Абрахам, Иосиф - Калька трех богатырей. Имена их гордо носит, Каждый помнящий еврей**). In the Tretyakov Gallerei On the walls are some evrei. And from the "Three Bogatyrei" Left *) was also a evrei. Khaim, Abracham, Iosif - Copy of three bogatyrei. Their names are proud, Every remembering evrei **). |
Historical parallels
Three heroes Three brothers Maloratsky Aliosha Popovich ............................................. ...Abracham Dobrynya Nikitich ............................................. .Iosif Ilya Muromiets ................................................ ... Khaim Aliosha and Dobrynia had a passion for adventures ......................... ............... ............................Abram and Iosif went from Malin to America Ilya Muromets 33 years old was sitting on the stove ..........Khaim was 33 years old in Malin Dobryni's nationality is Jewish Son of Malka Lyubechanin .................................... ..............Nationality of the three brothers - Jews Dobrynya lived in a city named after Malin in honor of his sister Malusha ............................... Brothers were born and lived in Malin Ilya Muromiets is the representative of the peasant class ............................ ... ........................Khaim the great-grandson of Mordechai Shlomovich, containing a peasant tavern in village of Malaya Racha |
Comments: *) "Left" is Dobrynia Nikitich, the former Tovy Malkovich!
The first known verse-chastushka is added by the second verse about our ancestors.
**) evrei (jews) have an ancient custom of calling children names of deceased relatives. This is based on the precept of the Torah, which states that the names of the dead should not be erased from the memory of the people of Israel. Our ancestors followed this custom from generation to generation (see Pedigree):
Abracham MALORATSKY: 1795, 1810, 1859, 1894, 1906, 1914, 1917.
Iosif MALORATSKY: 1817, 1894, 1898, 1914.
Khaim MALORATSKY: 1791, 1847.
Here's what the genealogical tree of Dobrynia Nikitich (Tobiy Malkovich) looks like htтtp://fanisovich.livejournal.com/595935.html:
Olga ----- Igor Malk Lyubechanin
their son: his children (sister and brother):
Svyatoslav -------------- Malusha ........ Dobrynya ----- Nastasya
their son: their son:
Vladimir Saint Constantin
Jaroslav Ostromir ------ Feofan
Izyaslav Vyshata
Jan ----------- Putiata
reverend Barlaam
http://saba6.livejournal.com/4015.html
The closest to the understanding of the historical processes that took place in Ancient Rus, came Velemir Khlebnikov. From his early poem "The Granddaughter of Malusha" (written, apparently, about 1907, but published in 1913), it appears that the poet sees the origins of Russian statehood in a combination of three forces - paganism, Khazar Judaism and Christianity. Moreover, it is possible that Khlebnikov did not rule out the possibility of the Jewish origin of Malusha, since one of the heroes of the poem Khazar Kagan (oaccording Khlebnikov "khan") is "jew Khaim," closely related to the plot of the granddaughter of "slave" Malusha, Vladimir's dauhter, in a wonderful way transformed from an old man into a young Jew. Strictly adhering in her work chronicles, the Soviet writer V. Panova writes: "Believe, fools, that our Olga will go for their Mala! Olga for Mala, how could this be? And that's enough for him to put his head on his dead head ... Where's Mal? And the graves can not be found ... ", and further:" Among the servants was the girl Malusha. Together with her brother Dobryneia she was captured in infancy, both grew up on Olga's court. Hardly having entered into courage, Svyatoslav has got used to that, that night to Malusha. Olga tried to persuade ...: "Why did Malusha, what did you find in Malusha? Chernavka and Chernavka ". It is interesting to describe the appearance of Malusha. The dictionary of Dal interprets the word "chernavka" as a woman or a girl "with a swarthy face and black hair". Whatever one may say, this type is very far from the Slavonian standard before the Mongolian epoch. The fact that the mother of Grand Duke Vladimir was Jewish or Khazarian was not something out of the ordinary. In 695, deposed from the throne by the Byzantium emperor Justinian-II Rinotmet, not only found a refuge in the Khazars, but also married the daughter of the khazar Kagan. During the reign of the emperors - "iconoclasts" in Byzantium, one of them - Constantine V (741-775) - married the khazaraian Irina, also the daughter of the Kagan. Their son from 775 to 780 occupied the imperial throne under the name of Lev IV Khazar. It should be noted that under the rule of these emperors, the life of the Jews was not endangered, and they could freely profess the faith of their ancestors. Later a similar story occurred in Bulgaria, where Tsar John Alexander, who ruled from 1330, married a beautiful Jewish woman from Tarnovo named Sarah, after baptism became known as Theodora and received the title of "a new queen of queen". Their son, John Shishman, in the days of his stay on the throne throne, kindly accepted the expelled from Hungary in 1360 and settled in Nikopol, Pleven and Vidin Jews. Thus, as we see, in countries to which Kievan Rus was obliged by the adoption of Christianity and cultural patronage, the Judaism of brides, was not an obstacle to the marriages of crowned individuals. There is a feeling of a taboo imposed on literary creativity.
So, the descendants of prince Vladimir with great, perhaps, historical certainty can be called not "Rurikovichi", but "Malkovichi".
Some historians associate the name of the city of Malin with the name of the Drevlyanite prince Mala. However, in the Galician (the second state language of Ireland, referring to the Celtic language group), the toponym "Malin" means "rock". It is likely that these are echoes of the times of Trypillian culture, when the territory of the present Malin was inhabited by Cimmerians, whom many historians associate with the ancestors of the Celts. Version versions, however the official history of Malin totals more than 1100 years - the same as the history of Zhitomir. Some scholars believe that the city was built by prince Mal, or rather, by his direct pointer. Although this issue is very controversial, since in the present-day Malin, in its southeastern part, remains of an ancient settlement dating back to the 8th and 9th centuries are still preserved - as a fortress to protect the boundaries of the tribe of the Drevlyans. And it happened long before the appearance of Prince Mal at the historical stage.
In the late 9 century, near the fortification on the bank of the Irsha river an open settlement appeared, which in the middle of the 10th century was destroyed, presumably princess Olga, whose squad was going to Istokeni to deal with the defiant Drevlyane and incidentally burned Malin. However, soon the settlement was restored and continued to perform its functions as fortresses - until the 13th century when the hordes of Khan Batyi came to Malin. During numerous excavations on the site of the Malin fortification, archaeologists have found a lot of evidence that the fortress was taken by the Mongols and burnt. The tips of Mongolian arrows, other weapons, as well as not Russian at all, were found. The Mongols left, and the fortress rose again from the ashes. Initially, Malin was a part of the Kiev principality, and from the beginning of the 14th century. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Around the fortress grew a posad, which gradually grew through the colonization of surrounding lands by peasants.
Continuation of a story
In 1866 the city became the center of the volost. In the same year 1866 the mother of the famous ethnographer and traveler Nikolai Nikolaevich Miklukho-Maklai, Ekaterina Semenovna Miklukha, bought a farm in Malin. The very same scientist came to Malin twice: in 1886 and in 1887. It was in Malin, another friend of Nikolai Nikolaevich, the famous scientist A. Korzukhin, who painted a portrait of Miklukho-Maclai. From Malin, Miklukho-Maklai traveled to the countryside, where he studied the way of life and traditions of the peasants. In 1866 the city became the center of the volost. However, the real impetus for the development of industry Malin received in the after the abolition of serfdom, that is, in 1861. In 1871, the now-famous paper mill was launched here, and by the end of the 19th century, in Malin worked four smithies, two furniture workshops, a steam mill, a brick factory, and in 1902 near Malin was laid a branch of the railway Kiev-Kovel. Soviet power was established in Malin in January 1918. However, in February the Germans entered the city and the Bolsheviks went underground. In the area of the city, two guerrilla detachments of the Reds operated - Drapia and Chernov-Mirutenko, which was a rarity for the then territory of the Zhitomir region. Malin became one of the centers of the Bolshevik underground in the Kiev region, which at that time included the city. It was in Malin that the underground printing press worked. The Red Partisans "put their hand" to the liberation of Malin from the Petlyuraites in 1919. And in 1920, near Malin, fighting began with Polish troops. And here Arkady Golikov himself, best known as writer Arkady Gaidar, showed himself best. The 7th Infantry Division, headed by him, smashed the Poles with one swift blow and captured Malin. The Polish troops were thrown far beyond the Zhitomir region. Now they talk a lot about the atrocities of Gaidar himself, that he loved to torture and shoot prisoners with his own hands. However, there is no evidence that Arkady Petrovich demonstrated his sadistic tendencies in Malin.
Emil Kamenir http://kamenir.haifainfo.ru/?p=120
Various encyclopedic sources state that “... according to the salary books of 1801 in the Radomysl district there were 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jews; 939 Christian burghers, 1474 Jews. According to the revision of 1847, there were “Jewish societies” in the county: Radomyslskoe — 2734 souls, Korostyshevskoye — 2657, Malinskoe — 1064. There were 300 yards in Malin, and 2760 souls lived consisted of 1,064 souls. In the town there were an Orthodox church, a church, a synagogue, 2 Jewish prayer houses, a hospital, a poorhouse, a school. According to the first census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897, 4256 inhabitants lived in Malin, among them 2547 Jews. ”
Surely, Malin was an ordinary Jewish shtetl of the Pale of Settlement, and, not the largest in the county, and he would have disappeared in history, as many other Shtetles had disappeared. But in the second half of the 19th century in Russia began the rapid development of industry, which gave impetus to industrialization and Malin. A manufactory, a pig-iron factory, a paper mill directly on the r. Irsha (tributary r. Teterev). Naturally, for this, besides free people with an inquisitive head and skilled hands, capital was required. Apparently, this is all there. The successful location of the town by the river, the construction of the paper mill and the Kiev-Kovel railway, which included it in its network, gave Malin a direction of industrial development. At the first census of the population of the Russian Empire, neither Malin nor Korosten were listed even among the county centers. And Radomysl, yes. Even at the end of the 7th century there were only 7 yards in Malin and the heirs of Mr. Dmitry Yelets ruled here. Every year, each peasant's yard had to pay them to file five gold. In 1768, the Haydamak Bondarenko detachment, in which there were many Malin guys and young men, hungry for freedom and will, "walked" on the Malin lands. In 1790, here, in Malin, there were already about 400 people - residents of these places. Under the rule of Poland, Malin was until 1793. After the reunification of Ukraine with Russia, Malin became part of the Radomysl district of the Kiev region. From the end of the 18th century Raspberries were already owned by other feudal lords. Among them, Princess Radziwill was particularly brutal. In 1810, the peasants raised an uprising, but it was soon put down. Many participants were publicly mercilessly beaten by batogs. But despite this, the peasants continued to protest against the willfulness and cruelty of the gentry, the Polish gentlemen. Until the mid 19th century The population of Malin consisted of peasants, craftsmen and artisans. In the mid 40s there were 226 yards, as well as a makeshift iron foundry and two mills. Every year fairs were held in this village, to which goods were brought from the whole region in the amount of 2,400 silver rubles and sold all this with a profit of 1,800 rubles. The main goods in this trade were horses, oxen, cows, goats, pigs, as well as bread, potatoes, salt, manufactory, rawhide and tanned leather, tar, small handicrafts and various products of iron, iron and wood. After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the number of courtyards in Malin was significantly reduced, since the residents of Malin, having received their freedom, went to other lands. In the mid-60s, there were only 130 courtyards and 1038 people left ...
Malin paper mill was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. produced about 1,500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, the factory also produced wrapping paper. In 1871, the Radomysl merchant of the second guild, Aloizy Ivanovich Seber, a former Austrian national, created the "Partnership of the Malin Paper Mill". In addition to Sebir, it included: retired staff captain Doppelmair GG, brothers landowners Lyashkovichi and Kiev merchant of the first guild, VI. Gladin. The population in these years consisted mainly of the bare population - poor peasants, ruined by the Polish panes, single handicraftsmen, various artisans, and immigrants from the northern provinces of Russia. It was a gratuitous labor force, and around there were large forests, peatlands and even richest sources of raw materials - homespun canvas rags among the population, both in the village of Malin and in all the surrounding villages throughout the district for many, many miles around. And, finally, the most important element - the water resources of the Irshi River - all this contributed to the foundation of paper production here, in Malin. The founders of the partnership developed the Charter for the content and development of a paper mill. This Charter was sent to the Minister of Finance for approval. June 27, 1873 the Charter was reviewed and approved by the emperor of Russia. As soon as the Charter was approved, the head of the company, Seber AI, for technical management. invited several foreign experts to Malin. The first paper machine was issued from Austria. Two steam engines, with a capacity of 85 horsepower and two rag-cooking boilers, were installed. The number of workers at that time did not exceed 100 person. The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since almost no one in Russia produced it. Orders for the Malin "filigran" fell from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main products at the factory, they began to produce tipping and wrapping paper. In the year the factory produced 14-15 thousand pounds of paper. And the products of the Malin factory were of very good quality. Malin master craftsmen became famous throughout Russia and even beyond its borders. Already in 1872, that is, a year after the foundation of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in Vienna at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and an award. Malin tissue paper was notable for its cleanliness and ease, and soon it was more than once awarded the highest (awards at international and All-Russian exhibitions: in Brussels –1906, in Rostov-on-Don - 1909, in Edinet - 1911 (
A.A.Nesterenko. The development of industry in Ukraine "v. 2. K.1962). According to the census of 1897, there were 10906 residents in Radomysl, of which 7502 are Jews. Of the county settlements with at least 500 people, Jews are represented in the largest percentage in Malin - 4256 among them 2547 Jews. In the middle of the 19th century in Malin there were 130 households, in which 1038 inhabitants lived, and at the same time the industry was well developed: in the city there were two mills, as well as a iron foundry, not to mention development of trade. In 1866, the city became the center of the parish.
8-9 centuries. - The fortified Slovenian fortification of the Drevlyan Union.
1136 - Malin, donated to the Church of the Tithes.
12th c. - Malin is a part of the Kiev land.
1445 - The first written mention of Malin and his tomonyms.
1471 - Malin belonged to the Ukrainian gentry family Nemirichev. The village of Malin became part of the Lithuanian Grand Duchy.
1545 - Volost center of the Ovrutsky district.
1569 - Malin joined the Rech Pospolitaya - according to the Lublin Agreement.
1571 - Malin became the property of the family of D. Yelets.
1648 - Included in the Kiev regiment of the Zaporozhye Army. 40 yards. On the eve of the liberation war of the Ukrainian people under the leadership of Bogdan Khmelnitsky.
1667 - Malin remains in the gentry of Poland. After the signing of the Andrusov Truce.
1691 - The place belonged to M. Yeltsya. 7-9 yards. During the military operations, the town suffered considerable destruction.
MALORATSKY FROM MALIN: .................................................. .............................1st generation: Shlomo (The end of the 17th century - the
beginning of the 18th century)
19th century - Malin received the Magdeburg Law. Belonged to princess Krasitsky.
1784 - Was under the rule of Gnat Kordysh, Zemsky clerk Vinnytsky - 400 people ........................ 2nd generation: Mordechai Shlomovich (1757 - 1833).
1793 - Joined the Russian Empire, as a result of the second partition of Poland - 500 people ..... .......3rd generation: Khaim Maloratsky
(1791 – 1833)
Avrum Maloratsky
(1795 – 1818)
Moshko Maloratsky
(1780 - ?)
Sura (Mosko's wife)
(1781 - ?)
Shlomo Maloratsky
(1780 - ?)
Pesia (Slomo's wife) (1781 - ?)
1797 - Malin became the seat of the Radomyslsky district of the Kiev province.
1847 - In Malin, 300 households, 2760 inhabitants. Malin Jewish society consists of 1,064 souls.
There are: an Orthodox church, a church, an almshouse, a school, a synagogue,
2 Jewish prayer houses and a hospital.
The beginning of 19 centure - The mestechko belonged to Princess Radziwill - 268 yards ...............4th generation:
Chana (Shlomo's daughter)
(1793 - ?)
Avrum Maloratsky
(1808 - ?)
Itsko Maloratsky
1855 - Malin goes to the power of princess S.O. Shcherbatova - 130 households - 1,038 people. (1812 - ?)
1861 - Malin became the volost center of the Radomysl district - 1864 people, Jews 749 Mordechai Malotatsky
(1822 - ?) 1872 - The place was under the authority of Miklukho-Maklai Feiga Maloratskaya
(1832 - ?) Ginach Maloratsky
(1826-?)
1876 - 2726 people - 286 households
5th generation: Abracham Maloratsky
(? - ?)
Khaya Civiya Maloratskaya
(1833 - ?) Shmul Maloratsky (1846 - ?) Chaim Maloratsky
(1847 -?)
Iosif Maloratsky (? - 1894)
1877 - 2,625 people. 289 households - 125 houses
The population consisted of 33 representatives of the privileged classes, 1488 townspeople, 1104 peasants
6-ое поколение: Tcipa Maloratskaya
(1876 - ?)
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky
(? - 1942)
Mishel Maloratsky
(р: 1884 - ?) Hersh Maloratsky
(1885 - ?)
Chava (Eva) Maloratskaya
(1888 - ?)
Sisel (Sam) Maloratsky
(1891 - 1931)
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
(1894 - 1972)
Judie Maloratskaya
(1890 - ?)
Chaika (Ida) (Maloratskaya)
(1895 - ?)
1897 - 2547 Jews, total 4,256 people.
1900 - 3360 people. - 383 households.
1902 - Near the Malin, the Kiev-Kovel railway was laid, which contributed to the further industrial development of the city.
1911-1912 - 3689 people - 613 yards 1923 - The district center of the Kiev province - 7426 people. The district included Chernobyl, Khabin, Ivankov, Rozvazhev, Korostishev and Radomysl districts. 30% of the population was employed in agriculture. 30% - in the industry.
1924 - Malin entered the Korosten district of the Kiev province -7595 people. 57.7% - Jews, 37.1% - Ukrainians, 32.4% - engaged in agriculture, 14.2% - employees, 30% - workers.
1925 - Received the status of the urban settlement - 8816 people.
1932 - Malin village council turned into a city government - 5582 people.
1936 - 23% were working - 9,879 people.
1937 - Malin became the regional center of the newly-formed Zhitomir region.
1938 - Malin is classified as a city of regional subordination.
1939 - Population - 11, 3 thousand people.
Rapid progress was in the development of Malin. From a small village, which belonged to different owners in different years, a small town grew up. At the time of the formation of the county, there were up to 500 inhabitants. Since 1866, Malin has become the center of the same volost. The development of the city contributed to the development of the city in 1900-1903. The Kiev-Kovel railway, which passed nearby. And in 1913 in Malin already lived for four thousand inhabitants (some sources at the beginning of 1917 lead in Malina seven thousand inhabitants). Since 1923 the city has become a district center. And the best prospects for Malin (given at least the same railway) made it in 1923-1924. Center of the district (although the status of the town of Malin was granted only in 1938).
Before the Second World War, more than 11,000 Jews lived in Malin. Now there are only 35-37 Jews living there! In Malina, in addition to a paper mill, at the beginning of the 20th century, there were two further workshops of bent furniture, leather production, brick and breweries, as well as a windmill and four smithies. http://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
Maloratsky in Malin, most likely, were engaged in trade, tanning business and forging production (see earlier Avrum Maloratsky - blacksmith).
Before the Second World War, more than 11,000 Jews lived in Malin. Now there are only 35-37 Jews living there!
.
In Malin, except for the paper mill, at the beginning of the 20th century. there were two more workshops for curved furniture, leather-making, brick and brewery, as well as a windmill and four forges. http://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
Maloratskys in Malin, most likely, were engaged in trade, leather business and forge production (see earlier Avrum Maloratsky-blacksmith).
http://kamenir.meximas.com/httpkamenir-haifainfo-rumalincitypeopl/
http://kamenir.meximas.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/new4.jpg
A handbook on state-public administration, religion and economics in the Volyn, Kiev and Podolsk provinces - "The whole South-Western Territory" (published in the first, ed.: Comrade Fish LM and Vol'sov P.Ye. , Kiev, 1913, 1177 pp.) Reportedly (see photo):
http://kamenir.meximas.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/new4.jpg
A handbook on state-public administration, religion and economics in the Volyn, Kiev and Podolsk provinces - "The whole South-Western Territory" (published in the first, ed.: Comrade Fish LM and Vol'sov P.Ye. , Kiev, 1913, 1177 pp.) Reportedly (see photo):
This list contains A.Radomyslsky (meat trade). Perhaps it is Abram Radomyslsky, who is the heir of the Moshkо Morduchovich Radomyslsky (son of Mordechai Shlomovich Maloratsky), who had a son Abramko (b.1803), who had a son Mordechai (b.1829) (see Revision tales of Malin 1834) , # 103 on p.596).
Our ancestors from Malin, relationship with which is documented *)
Our first ancestors in Malin
The relocation of our ancestors from Malaya Racha to Malin was associated with the following circumstances. In 1804 in Russia a document was issued entitled "The norm on the eviction of Jews from the countryside". The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. Below is a document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) regulating this eviction to Malin:
Our first ancestors in Malin
The relocation of our ancestors from Malaya Racha to Malin was associated with the following circumstances. In 1804 in Russia a document was issued entitled "The norm on the eviction of Jews from the countryside". The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. Below is a document (found by Ilya Goldfarb) regulating this eviction to Malin:
Shlomo Morduhovich (1777-1812), mentioned in this document, was the son of our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich (1st generation) (1753-1815). As noted above, Mordechai with his son Moshko (1780 - 1832) kept a tavern in the Malaya Racha. In the above-mentioned document on the resettlement of Shlomo Morduchovich to Malin, the “Dubovitskaya Tavern” is indicated, which obviously means a place (“Dubovik”) near Malaya Racha (see the above map). In the REVIZKIE SKAZKI 18 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district, the Malin was recorded under # 19 Shlomo Morduchovich and under # 46 Moshko Morduchovich with the surname Radomysl *, while their father Mordechai Shlomovich and his other heirs (Khaim and Avrum), who moved from Malaya Racha to Radomysl, were listed in Revizskie skazki under the name of Maloratsky. Here you can make various assumptions, one of which is related to the original (at the time of residence in Malaya Racha) belonging to Shlomo and Moshko Radomysl Kagal. The period of resettlement of our ancestors coincided with the time of assigning names to the Jews of the Russian Empire. And so it happened that members of the same family took different names for themselves: Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife and two younger sons who moved to Radomysl took the name Maloratsky, and two older sons Shlomo and Moshko who moved to Malin took the name Radomyslsky. As can be seen from the following reprint of Revizskie skazki, the only heir of Shlomo Morduchovich died at the age of 9 years and on it the lineage of Shlomo ended. As for Moshko Morduchovich, his son Abramko probably continued our family under the surname Radomyslsky (see the above diagram of the Moshko branch).
*) In the "Revizskie Skazki of 1815, December 7th day of the Kiev province of Radomysl district, the town of Malin"
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/1816_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 8F_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B5% D0% B2_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE_% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0.pdf
on page 173 there is an entry:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender According to the latest revision Now the face Wife and children
consisted after it
arrived
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
# commoners years years
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46 Moshko Morduchovich Moshko Morduchovich's
Radomyslsky 25 29 died in 1832. wife Sura b.1816.
son of Abramko b.1800. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19 Shlomo Morduchovich 35 39 died in 1812 Shlomo Mordukhovich
Radomyslsky's
son Khaim (1802-1813)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/1816_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 8F_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B5% D0% B2_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE_% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0.pdf
on page 173 there is an entry:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families Male Gender According to the latest revision Now the face Wife and children
consisted after it
arrived
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
# commoners years years
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46 Moshko Morduchovich Moshko Morduchovich's
Radomyslsky 25 29 died in 1832. wife Sura b.1816.
son of Abramko b.1800. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19 Shlomo Morduchovich 35 39 died in 1812 Shlomo Mordukhovich
Radomyslsky's
son Khaim (1802-1813)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Immigration of Maloratsky from Malin to America
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name, Patronymic Years of life Degree of kinship Date of arrival Place of residence in America
---------------------------
Occupation _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai (Motel) Iosifovich 1879 -? cousin 01/02/1907 NJ
Mark Maloratsky
Clara Bodilovskaya 1876 - 1939 wife of the Motel Iosifovich 01/02/1907 NJ
Meri Morduchovna 1903 - 1979 daughter of a Motel Iosifovich 01/02/1907 NJ
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Liebe (female) 1878 -? 07/04/1910
Meer 1903 -? 07/04/1910
Rochelle 1906 -? 07/04/1910
Solomon 1907 -? 07/04/1910
Manya 1909 -? 07/04/1910
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rashmiel (Harry) Avrumovich 1894 - 1972 son of Abraham Morduchovich 09/18/1911 28 Ruffork St.,
Mark Maloratsky's cousin. Brooklyne, NY
------------
floor treatment
truck driver
Eva Piotetsky 1898 - 1954 Rashmiel Avrumovich's wife 09/18/1911 28 Ruffork St.,
Brooklyne, NY
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Leib 1878 -? 08/25/1913
Macy 1902 -? 08/25/1913
David 1903-? 08/25/1913
Rochelle 1905 -? 08/25/1913
Solomon 1907 -? 08/25/1913
Mini 1909 -? 08/25/1913
Besi 1912 - ? 08/25/1913
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abracham (Avrum) Morduhovich 1859 -? Uncle of Mark Maloratsky 02/02/1917 Parksville, NY
Etia Rivka Iwonskaya 1859 - 1950 Abraham Morduchovich's wife 02.20.1917 Parksville, NY
Rebecca Maloratskaya 1842 -? mother of Abraham Morduchovich 02.20.1917
Mordechai (Max) Avrumovich 1880 - 1945 son of Abraham Morduchovich 02.20.1917 23 Suffolh St.,
NY, NY
-----------
production
ice cream in the company
"Frozen products"
Liba Devorska 1882 - 1947 wife of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 23 Suffolh St., NY, NY
Kalman (Karl) Morduchovich 1894 - 1966 son of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Newark, NJ
-------------------------
LAKE HOPATCONG ICE Co., NJ
and Coal and Wood Dealers LURICH C.C.
and Co (agents)
Molly Morduchovich 1903 - 1970 son of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Stanford, CT
Solomon Morduchovich 1904 - 1968 son of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Sunrise, Broward, FL
David Morduchovich 1905 - 1973 son of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Rockaway,
Queens County, NY
Mini Morduchovna 1907 - 1986 daughter of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Queens, NY
Bess Morduchovna 1911 - 1992 daughter of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Voorhees, Somerset, NJ
Rebeca Morduchovna 1914-1992 daughter of Max Avrumovich 02.20.1917 Delray Beach,
Palm Beach, FL
Michael Avrumovich 1884 -? son of Abracham Morduchovich 02.20.1917
Yudko Avrumovich 1890 -? son of Abracham Morduchovich 02.20.1917
Chava (Eva) Avrumovna 1888 - 1945 daughter of Abracham Morduchovich 02.20.1917 NYC, NY
Chayka Avrumovna 1895 -? daughter of Abraham Morduchovich 02.20.1917
Zisel (Sam) Avrumovich 1889 - 1931 son of Abracham Morduchovich 02.20.1917 Brooklyn, NY
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Etya Maloratsky 1862 -? 1920
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total: 34 (thirty-four) Maloratskys who immigrated from Malin to America from 1907 to 1920. A number of immigrants were not included in this list due to insufficient data, for example, when they arrived in America. To clarify the kinship of all those listed in this list can be found in the Maloratsky diagram given at the beginning of this Chapter 1.
Maloratsky. Places of residence
Khaim Morduchovich Maloratsky (1847 -?)
Relationship: great-grandfather of Lev Maloratsky
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Occupation in Malin: grocery trade.
Rusha Frida Maloratsky (r.1850), wife of Khaim Morduchovich
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Abracham (Avrum) Morduhovich Maloratsky (1859 - 1950)
Relationship: Uncle Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich - Grandpa Lev Maloratsky
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Occupation: trade in small goods
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
He died in 1950, Parksville, NY, USA.
Etya Rivka Maloratsky (Ivonskaya) (1859 - 1950)
Relationship: wife of Abraham Morduchovich
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Rebecca Maloratsky (1842 - after 1940)
Relationship: mother of Abraham Morduchovich
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich Maloratsky (? - 1941)
Relationship: grandfather of Lev Maloratsky
Moved from Malin to Radomysl in ~ 1890
Occupation in Radomysl: leather production
He died in 1941 in Tashkent, USSR.
Mordechai (Max) Avrumovich Maloratsky (1883 - 1945)
Relationship: son of Abraham and Rivka; great-uncle of Lev Maloratsky
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Occupation in the USA: ice cream production in the company "Frozen Products"
He died on October 21, 1945 in NY, NY, USA.
Liba Maloratsky (Devorska) (1882 - 1947)
Relationship: Mordechai's wife
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917
Michel Avoramovich Maloratsky (1884 -?)
Relationship: son of Abraham and Rivka
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Yudko Avrumovich Maloratsky (1894 -?)
Relationship: son of Abraham and Rivka
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Chava Avrumovna Maloratsky (1888 - 1945)
Relationship: Daughter of Abraham and Rivka
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Died April 10, 1945 NY, NY, USA
Chaya Avrumovna Maloratsky (1895 -?)
Relationship: Daughter of Abraham and Rivka
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
Zissel (Sam) Avrumovich Maloratsky (1889 - 1931)
Relationship: Great-uncle of Lev Maloratsky
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on February 20, 1917.
He died on January 19, 1931 in Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Rashmiel (Harry) Avrumovich Maloratsky (1894 - 1972)
Relationship: Great-uncle of Lev Maloratsky
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Immigrated to the USA on September 18, 1911.
Occupation in the USA: floor treatment, truck driver
He died on February 6, 1972 in Brooklyne, NY, USA.
Eva Maloratsky (Piotetskaya) (1898 - 1954)
Relationship: Rashmiel's wife
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
She immigrated to the USA on September 18, 1911.
She died on April 26, 1954 in Brooklyne, NY, USA.
Mordechai (Motel) Iosifovich Maloratsky (1879 -?)
Relationship: cousin Morduchaya (Mark) Maloratsky - grandfather of Leo Maloratsky
Immigrated to the USA on February 1, 1907.
Died in NJ, USA.
Clara Maloratsky (Bodilovskaya) (? - 1939)
Relationship: Mordechai's wife
Immigrated to the USA: February 1, 1907
Died in 1939, NJ, USA.
Mery Morduchovna Maloratsky (1903 - 1979)
Relationship: daughter of Mordechai and Clara
Immigrated to the USA on February 1, 1907.
Died in 1979, NJ, USA.
Hershko Haimovich Maloratsky (1885 -?)
Relationship: the son of Chaim and Rusha.
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Tsipa Khaimovka Maloratsky (1876 -?)
Relationship: daughter of Chaim and Rusha
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Occupation: an employee at the Malin paper mill.
Chava Haimovna Maloratsky (1881 -?)
Relationship: daughter of Khaim and Rusha
Place of residence: Kiev province, Radomysl district, Malin market town, Markman's house, apartment number 2
Occupation: female worker at Malin paper factory.
*) In addition to the above-mentioned Maloratsky, documented by relatives in the cited archival materials, there are data on other Maloratsky who lived in
m. Malin; they have family ties with those indicated in this list, since the Maloratsky are descended from a single family from Malaya Racha.
The national composition of the inhabitants of Malin
Number of documents:
Source: statistics for 1765-1791: "Censuses of the Jewish population in the south-western province for the years 1763-1791." http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
History status Malin:
1793 - Malin became part of the Russian Empire, as a result of the second partition of Poland
1797 - Malin became a town in the Radomysl district of the Kiev province
1861 - Malin became the parish center of Radomysl district
1923 - Malin - the district center of the Kiev province
1925 - Malin received the status of an urban-type settlement
1937 - Malin became the district center of the newly formed Zhytomyr region
1938 - Malin gained city status.
Population of Jews in Malin:
1765 - 5 Jews
1775 - 28 Jews
1778 - 34 еврея
1784 - 64 Jews
1789 - 73 Jews*)
1790 - 147 Jews
1847 - 1064 Jews (40%)
1861 - 749 Jews
1897 - 2547 Jews (60%)
1940 - более 4000 Jews
1950 - 1000 Jews
Continuously for two centuries, Jews were a huge and integral part of the population of Malin. Even during the Second World War, they remained in Malin and were exterminated in Shcherbovoy Yar. Only silent tombstones and encyclopedic publications testify to the presence of Jews in Malin.
*) List of Jews in the Zhitomir Volost of the Kiev Province on October 25, 1789.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mestechko Malin:
Occupation man women children children
before 1 year after 1 year
son daughter son daughter total total total
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Homeowners 22 23 2 3 6 5
merchants 3 3 1 1 37 36 73 elderly people
tavern 1 1 1
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir Volost of the Kiev Province. February 28, 1765 Malin - 5 Jews
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir Volost of the Kiev Province, produced in October 1775 Malin - 28 Jews
Census of Jews in Kiev and Zhitomir volost of the Kiev Province. May 1, 1778 Malin - 34 Jews
http://kamenir.meximas.com/httpkamenir-haifainfo-rumalincitypeopl/%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC/:
Outcome of a century
In the Russian Empire, of which Ukraine was a part, the approach of the 20th century was marked by Jewish pogroms and the beginning of the exodus of Jews from the country. Acceleration of this gave the First World War. The direction is the USA, Europe, Eretz Israel. In the years of the civil war that broke out after the October revolution, people were not spared, especially Jews. Having seized power, the Communists turned the country into a concentration camp, backed up by the most brutal repressions that actually became the social genocide of the peoples of the country. After attacking the USSR, the Germans in all the occupied territories staged a genocide of Jews. Malin (Zhitomir region) was no exception. He, too, is marked by places of mass extermination of Jews: a chair factory and Shcherbov Yar. After the end of the war, not all the Jews who left Malin came back. Many remained on the battlefield, in the graves in the places where they found shelter during the war, a lot of wandered around the expanses of the USSR. In the post-war years, at the end of the school, Jewish youth basically left Malin. According to the USSR census of 1959, only one thousand Jews lived in the former Jewish shtetl. The outcome of the Jews from Malin was completed in the early 90's, when the Iron Curtain collapsed and the USSR collapsed. Evidence of the Jewish presence in the city left the desolate old Jewish cemetery, supported by donations. The more "young" cemetery is executed in the spirit of Soviet internationalism - a granite triptych in Shcherbov Yar - a sign of the first mass execution of Jews in the territory of a stool factory reported by the Sovinformbureau. The names, placed in the memory list, according to different testimonies belonging to the Jews living in the city, are arranged in alphabetical order. Surnames are drawn from own memoirs, from extensive memoirs of Zhanna Factorovich, from words of the responded Boris Landa and Lyudmila Paljanovoj; from the lists of Jews who perished from genocide under German occupation (underlined); from the book of the historian Vladimir Studinsky; from school photos; from Ineta and grave tombstones. Naturally, the list does not pretend to be complete, because basically all sources reflect the post-war period, it does not pretend to be historiographical accuracy in enumeration and grammar writing. The entry in the list does not cancel the possibility that some of the surnames could have been from the Malin people of another nationality. Based on the above, only 250 names are recorded in the list. Surely, these names more reflect the Jewish population, which fell into the 1959 census.
List
Ainhort, Babichenko, Bazarsky, Baitman, Barabol-Tarlo, Barengolts, Beloborodko, Belokrinitsky, Bendersky, Berkovich, Berman, Bernadsky (Bernatsky), Birimbaum, Bluevstein, Boim, Bolyachevsky, Botvinkin, Braverman, Bryman, Bronfel, Brusilovsky, Budilovsky, Buchman, Weinberg, Weinerman, Weissband, Weissblat, Vitebsk, Voloshin, Vorsovsky, Voskoboinik, Galperin, Galitsky, Gamarnik, Garbar (Garber), Geikhman (Geifman), Gelfand, Guerenroth, Gilburd, Gilman, Glazman (Glozman), Glazov, Golubchik, Goldenberg, Goldman, Gorenstein, Gorodetsky, Hoffmann (Gohman), Greipel, Greenpeace, Hurwitz, Davidovich, Daen, Doctorovich, Donskoy, Dorman, Dorfman, Dubinsky, Dudkin, Dybner, Dykhne, Zharovsky, Zhuzhman Zack, Law, Zampolsky, Zaft, Zevelev, Zeldich, Zingerman, Zinder, Zubovsky, Zubok Kagan, Kagansky, Kalinsky, Kaminar, Kamenir (Kaminer), Kaminker, Kaplan, Karasevich, Karpman (Kartman), Katz, Katsman, Kerner, Keselman, Kilstein, Kipnis, Kislyuk, Knizhnik, Kogan, Komarovsky, Koretsky, King, Korostyshevsky, Kotlyar, Kotovets, Krapivka, Krasnopolsky, Krinitsky, Kupnevich, Kuts, Kuchenok, Kucher, Kushnir, Landa, Lanzman, Lerman, Lieberman, Lipovsky, Litvak, Litvin, Lithuanian, Lishansky, Lumel, Lushin, Malinsky, Malkis, Maloratsky, Margulis (Morgulis), Massover, Mezheritsky, Meidel, Milinevsky (Melenevsky, Milenevsky, Melinevsky) Menaker, Milman, Minsky, Miral, Morghovsky, Moroz, Mos Viceroy, Nachman, Nacht, Nepomnyashchiy Oberfeld, Obukhov, Ovetsky, Ovrutsky, Olevsky, Ostrovsky, Orlov, Pekarnik, Perepechai, Pekker, Pinzavetskiy, Pinsk, Cook, Podolsky, Polonsky, Portman, Potashnik, Potievsky, The Postman, Purets, Putilov, Pyatetskiy Rabinovich, Rappoport, Ryder, Reznik, Reidman, Reitman, Rosenthal, Rosenfeld, Rosenstein, Rozman, Roitblat, Roitman *, Rudnitsky, Rusanovsky, Rutman, Sagalov, Sapozhnikov, Rural, Servetnik, Skverchak, Skuratovsky, Slavinsky, Slobodetsky, Slonevsky, Slutsky, Smertenko, Smirnov, Smolyansky, Sochi, Spivak, Stolyar, Strakovsky, Talsky, Tarlo, Tverskoy, Teplyakov, Trakhtenberg, Trilinsky, Turchinsky, Usherenko, Fabrikant, Faigon, Faktorovich, Feldman, Fetman, Freiman, Friedland, Friedman, Fuksman, Futerman Khabinsky, Khisheshman, Khodakovsky (Khodokovsky), Khodarkovsky, (Khodorkovsky), Tchaikovsky, Chepovetsky, Chernyakhovsky, Shapiro, Shekhtmeister, Shekhtman, Shimanovsky, Shirman, Shklover, Shlemper, Shlensky, Shlimovich, Shlyakhtich, Schneiderman, Shoikhet, Schreiber, Shteinberg, Shulman, Shusman, Shusterman, Shukhin, Epelbaum, Yuditsky, Yampolsky, Yaroslavsky.
*) http://myshtetl.org/zhitomirskaja/malin.html In Malin, Golda Lishanskaya was born, who became known as Rachel Yanait Ben-Zvi - Zionist leader, one of the founders of the Poalei Zion branch in Kiev. Rachel Yanayit represented the Malin community at the 7th Zionist congress in Basel, which was held in 1905. The wife of Yitzhak Ben-Zvi - the second President of the State of Israel and the only one in history, re-elected to this post 2 more times. Sister Rachel Yanait Ben-Zvi, Batya Lishanskaya, was also born in Malin. Subsequently, she became a famous sculptor in Israel.
Nekotoryye obshchiye priznaki ryada familiy
Obrashchayet na sebya raznoobraziye familiy v privedennom vyshe spiske zhiteley Malina. Posle trokh peredelov Pol'shi (1772, 1793, 1795 gg.) yeyo chasti otoshli Avstro-Vengerskoy imperii, Prusskomu korolevstvu, Rossiyskoy imperii. V rezul'tate etikh peredelov Rossiyskaya imperiya v znachitel'noy stepeni popolnilas' yevreyami, chto nashlo otrazheniye v konstruktsiyakh ikh familiy. V sootvetstvii s ney vydeleny 4 gruppy familiy. Pervaya gruppa - familii s okonchaniyem –s(ts)kiy, v neyo voshlo 75 familiy (kursiv). Forumy po obrazovaniyu familiy schitayut, chto familii s okonchaniyem –s(ts)kiy eto familii ashkenaziyskikh yevreyev, berushchiye nachalo s pol'skoy territorii. Iz etoy gruppy 37 familiy postroyeny na geograficheskikh nazvaniyakh mest prozhivaniya. Nazovom tol'ko punkty raspolozhennyye v Malinskoy okruge: Bazar, Belaya Krinitsa, Brusilov, Budilovka, Gamarnya, Voloshino, Vorsovka, Kalina, Korostyshev, Krapivka, Krinitsa, Lutsk, Malaya Racha, Malin, Mezherechka, Meleni, Obukhovichi, Ovruch, Olevsk, Penizevichi, Potiyevka, Rudnya, Skuraty, Khabno, Khodaki (Khodoki), Khodory, Chernyakhov, Chopovichi. Ves'ma veroyatno, chto eti nazvaniya legli v osnovu familiy Bazarskiy, Belokrinitskiy, Brusilovskiy, Budilovskiy, Gamarnik, Voloshin i t.d. Vtoraya gruppa — familii s okonchaniyem –man, v neyo voshlo 45 familiy.
The end of the mana is characteristic of German and Ashkenazi Jewish surnames. It is believed that these names originate in Prussia, and the end of the man can be translated - man. However, it should be emphasized that such a translation corresponds to the spelling of this word in the Yiddish transcription - מאַן. In German, a person is written - mann, and man is translated “someone”. Hence, there is such a possible reconstruction of the surname record. To the clerk's question: “Wer bist du” (who you are), the answer to Yiddish follows: איך זינגער מאַן (singing person). But it did not occur to the writer to recognize a Jew as a man like himself. Here also wrote man (someone). So it turned out - someone singing. The third group is the surnames of two German words. This group contains 30 surnames. In this group, the Ashkenazi surnames are built on the combination of two German words, for example, Aingort, Barengolz, Weissblat, Gelfand, Kilstein, Oberfeld, Rosenthal, Trachtenberg, etc. Such surnames are most often met in Austria.
http://kamenir.meximas.com/httpkamenir-haifainfo-rumalincitypeopl/
http://kamenir.meximas.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/new4.jpg
A handbook on state-public administration, religion and economics in the Volyn, Kiev and Podolsk provinces - "The whole South-Western Territory" (published in the first, ed.: Comrade Fish LM and Vol'sov P.Ye. , Kiev, 1913, 1177 pp.) Reportedly (see photo)
Census of Jews in the Zhitomir Volost of the Kiev Province. February 28, 1765 Malin - 5 Jews Census of Jews in the Zhitomir Volost of the Kiev Province, produced in October 1775 Malin - 28 Jews Census of Jews in Kiev and Zhitomir volost of the Kiev Province. May 1, 1778 Malin - 34 Jews.
Additional surnames of the inhabitants of Malin, found by Oleg Sagalov in "Revizsky tales from 1851 April of the 20th day of the Kiev province of Radomyslsky uyezd, a place of the Malin of the Jewish community".
Here, in particular, on sheet No. 223 in Box No. 26, it is said that Ruvim Boruchovich Sagalov (perhaps our relative) was omitted from the last revision under No. 146 of 1851 April of the 20th day of the Kiev province of Radomyslsky uyezd, the town of Malin of the Jewish Society . Yankel Zalmonovich Sagalov, his son Boruch Boruch's son Leiba. |
One more missed last name: "A sheet of testimony" about a resident of Malin Mordechai Kaganovsky, who was from Brusilov, where our Kaganovsky relatives lived (see further in the section "The Kaganovsky Family"). http://yvng.yadvashem.org/nameDetails.html?itemId=6708632&language=ru |
Our ancestors from the town of Malin.
Our ancestors lived in the town of Malin (according to the list there are more than 50 people):
Avrum MALORATSKY b: 1808
Itzko MALORATSKY b: 1812
Mordechai MALORATSKY b: 1822
Ginach MALORATSKY b: 1826
Feiga MALORATSKY (daughter of Chaim and Meryem) b: 1832
Abracham (Avrum) MALORATSKY b: 1859
Etya Rivka MALORATSKY (wife of Abraham) b: 1861
Avrum Morduchovich MALORATSKY b: 1871
Morduchai (Max) MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1880
Shlomo RADOMYSLSKY (son of Mordechai Shlomovich) b: 1880
Michel MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1884
Zus MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1889
Moshko RADOMYSLSKY (son of Mordechai Shlomovich) b: 1787
Yudko MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1893
Rashmiel MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1894
Chava MALORATSKY (their daughter) b: 1888)
Khaim MALORATSKY b: 1847
Rusha Frida MALORATSKY (wife of Chaim) b: 1850
Shaya Zivia MALORATSKY
Iosif MALORATSKY b: 1898
Tsipa MALORATSKY (daughter of Chaim) b: 1876
Chava MALORATSKY(daughter of Chaim) b: 1881
Hershko MALORATSKY (son of Chaim) b: 1885
Liba MALORATSKY b: 1882
Mordechai MALORATSKY b: 1879
Clara MALORATSKY (wife of Mordechai)
Mary MALORATSKY (their daughter)
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1880
Mordekhai MALORATSKY b: 1883
Michel MALORATSKY b: 1884
Zisel (Samuel) MALORATSKY b: 1889
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1890
Rashmiel (Harry) MALORATSKY b: 1894
Eva MALORATSKY (wife of Rashmiel) b: 1897
Abracham MALORATSKY b: 1894
Chayka MALORATSKY b: 1895
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY b: 1881
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1890
Hayka (Ida) MALORATSKY b: 1895
Zisel (Sam) MALORATSKY b: 1889
Manya MALORATSKY b: 1899
Mesi MALORATSKY b: 1902
David MALORATSKY b: 1903
Mary MALORATSKY b: 1903
Mioli MALORATSKY b: 1903
Meyer MALORATSKY b: 1903
Solomon MALORATSKY b: 1904
Rose MALORATSKY b: 1905
Rashel MALORATSKY b: 1905
Solomon MALORATSKY b: 1907
Manya MALORATSKY b: 1909
Rashmiel MALORATSKY b: 1911
Basia MALORATSKY b: 1911
Max MALORATSKY b: 1919
Abracham MELLOR b: 1917
Julius (Jeri) MALORATSKY b: 1926
Our ancestors from the town of Malin.
Our ancestors lived in the town of Malin (according to the list there are more than 50 people):
Avrum MALORATSKY b: 1808
Itzko MALORATSKY b: 1812
Mordechai MALORATSKY b: 1822
Ginach MALORATSKY b: 1826
Feiga MALORATSKY (daughter of Chaim and Meryem) b: 1832
Abracham (Avrum) MALORATSKY b: 1859
Etya Rivka MALORATSKY (wife of Abraham) b: 1861
Avrum Morduchovich MALORATSKY b: 1871
Morduchai (Max) MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1880
Shlomo RADOMYSLSKY (son of Mordechai Shlomovich) b: 1880
Michel MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1884
Zus MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1889
Moshko RADOMYSLSKY (son of Mordechai Shlomovich) b: 1787
Yudko MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1893
Rashmiel MALORATSKY (their son) b: 1894
Chava MALORATSKY (their daughter) b: 1888)
Khaim MALORATSKY b: 1847
Rusha Frida MALORATSKY (wife of Chaim) b: 1850
Shaya Zivia MALORATSKY
Iosif MALORATSKY b: 1898
Tsipa MALORATSKY (daughter of Chaim) b: 1876
Chava MALORATSKY(daughter of Chaim) b: 1881
Hershko MALORATSKY (son of Chaim) b: 1885
Liba MALORATSKY b: 1882
Mordechai MALORATSKY b: 1879
Clara MALORATSKY (wife of Mordechai)
Mary MALORATSKY (their daughter)
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1880
Mordekhai MALORATSKY b: 1883
Michel MALORATSKY b: 1884
Zisel (Samuel) MALORATSKY b: 1889
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1890
Rashmiel (Harry) MALORATSKY b: 1894
Eva MALORATSKY (wife of Rashmiel) b: 1897
Abracham MALORATSKY b: 1894
Chayka MALORATSKY b: 1895
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY b: 1881
Judy MALORATSKY b: 1890
Hayka (Ida) MALORATSKY b: 1895
Zisel (Sam) MALORATSKY b: 1889
Manya MALORATSKY b: 1899
Mesi MALORATSKY b: 1902
David MALORATSKY b: 1903
Mary MALORATSKY b: 1903
Mioli MALORATSKY b: 1903
Meyer MALORATSKY b: 1903
Solomon MALORATSKY b: 1904
Rose MALORATSKY b: 1905
Rashel MALORATSKY b: 1905
Solomon MALORATSKY b: 1907
Manya MALORATSKY b: 1909
Rashmiel MALORATSKY b: 1911
Basia MALORATSKY b: 1911
Max MALORATSKY b: 1919
Abracham MELLOR b: 1917
Julius (Jeri) MALORATSKY b: 1926
Interesting information about the family of Khaim - the father of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky
(Obtained from archive materials on the First General Population Census of Malin in 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
(Obtained from archive materials on the First General Population Census of Malin in 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fund 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00547 Year 1897.
First general population census
Kiev province, Radomysl district, town Malin, street? Markman's house, apartment №2
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Surname Name Patronymic Sex As Recorded How Much Single, Estate . Is here Is here Where Veroispovedanie . Native Literacy Occupation, Craft, Fishery
h-husband Accounted for married . Married State was born registered . usually language . a . b The main thing, i.е.
w-Wives. Head or gender? Widow or the title and if and if the living knowledge knows where that which provide
of economy Or divorced? Not here Not here If not here reeding studied Means of subsistence
your family? where where here where
exactly? exactly exactly
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky h master 50 married мещанин here here here jew heb. yes home a grocery merchant. goods
Khaim
Morduchovich
2. Maloratskaya w wife 47 married мещaанка Kiev. Gub., here here jew heb. not close to husband
Risya Radom. Uezd
m.Ivankov
3. Maloratsky m son 12 мещaнка here here . here jew heb not close to father
Gershko
Khaimovich
4. Maloratskaya w daughter 21 мещaнка here here here jew heb. not working on the paper factory
Tsipa
Khaimovna
5. Maloratskaya w daughter 16 мещaнка here here here jew heb. not working on the paper factory
Chava
Khaimovna
First general population census
Kiev province, Radomysl district, town Malin, street? Markman's house, apartment №2
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Surname Name Patronymic Sex As Recorded How Much Single, Estate . Is here Is here Where Veroispovedanie . Native Literacy Occupation, Craft, Fishery
h-husband Accounted for married . Married State was born registered . usually language . a . b The main thing, i.е.
w-Wives. Head or gender? Widow or the title and if and if the living knowledge knows where that which provide
of economy Or divorced? Not here Not here If not here reeding studied Means of subsistence
your family? where where here where
exactly? exactly exactly
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Maloratsky h master 50 married мещанин here here here jew heb. yes home a grocery merchant. goods
Khaim
Morduchovich
2. Maloratskaya w wife 47 married мещaанка Kiev. Gub., here here jew heb. not close to husband
Risya Radom. Uezd
m.Ivankov
3. Maloratsky m son 12 мещaнка here here . here jew heb not close to father
Gershko
Khaimovich
4. Maloratskaya w daughter 21 мещaнка here here here jew heb. not working on the paper factory
Tsipa
Khaimovna
5. Maloratskaya w daughter 16 мещaнка here here here jew heb. not working on the paper factory
Chava
Khaimovna
From the Census follows:
1. Date of birth of Chaim - 1847, his wife Risya Freyna - 1850, their son Hershko - in 1885, their daughter Tsipa - in 1876, the second daughter of Chava - in 1881.
The absence of our second grandfather, Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, is due to the fact that at the time of the Census of the inhabitants of Malin in 1897, he lived in Radomysl with his family.
2. Occupation: Chaim was a grocery trader; his two daughters worked at the Malinskaya Paper Mill *).
*) The Malinskaya Paper Mill was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. Produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper.
Interesting information about the family of Abraham - the uncle of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (obtained from archive materials on the First General Population Census of Malin in 1897, found by Oleg Sagalov):
Fund 384 Inventory 9 Case 260 Frame 00547 Year 1897.
First general population census
Kiev province, Radomysl district, town Malin, street? Markman's house, apartment №2
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Surname Name Patronymic Sex As Recorded How Much Single, Estate . Is here Is here Where Veroispovedanie . Native Literacy Occupation, Craft, Fishery
h-husband Accounted for married . Married State was born registered . usually language . a . b The main thing, i.е.
w-Wives. Head or gender? Widow or the title and if and if the living knowledge knows where that which provide
of economy Or divorced? not here Not here If not here reeding studied мeans of subsistence
your family? where where here where
exactly? exactly exactly
1. Maloratsky h master 38 married мещaнин here here here jew heb. yes дома Merchant of small goods
Avrum по евр.
Morduchovich
2. Maloratskaya w . wife 36 married мещанка here here here jew heb. not close to husband
|tlya
Rivka
3. Maloratskaya м сынъ 17 мещaнка здесь здесь здесь jew heb. yes дома close to father
Morduch
Avrumovich
4. Maloratsky м сынъ 13 мещaнин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. yes дома close to father
Michel
Avrumovich
5. Maloratsky м сынъ 8 мещaнин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. not close to father
Zus
Avrumovich
6. Maloratsky м сынъ 4 мещанин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. close to father
Yudko
Avrumovich
7. Maloratsky м сынъ 3 мещанин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. close to father
Raichman
Avrumovich
8. Maloratskaya ж дочь 9 мещанка здесь здесь здесь jew heb. нет close to father
Chava
Avrumovna
First general population census
Kiev province, Radomysl district, town Malin, street? Markman's house, apartment №2
№ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Surname Name Patronymic Sex As Recorded How Much Single, Estate . Is here Is here Where Veroispovedanie . Native Literacy Occupation, Craft, Fishery
h-husband Accounted for married . Married State was born registered . usually language . a . b The main thing, i.е.
w-Wives. Head or gender? Widow or the title and if and if the living knowledge knows where that which provide
of economy Or divorced? not here Not here If not here reeding studied мeans of subsistence
your family? where where here where
exactly? exactly exactly
1. Maloratsky h master 38 married мещaнин here here here jew heb. yes дома Merchant of small goods
Avrum по евр.
Morduchovich
2. Maloratskaya w . wife 36 married мещанка here here here jew heb. not close to husband
|tlya
Rivka
3. Maloratskaya м сынъ 17 мещaнка здесь здесь здесь jew heb. yes дома close to father
Morduch
Avrumovich
4. Maloratsky м сынъ 13 мещaнин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. yes дома close to father
Michel
Avrumovich
5. Maloratsky м сынъ 8 мещaнин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. not close to father
Zus
Avrumovich
6. Maloratsky м сынъ 4 мещанин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. close to father
Yudko
Avrumovich
7. Maloratsky м сынъ 3 мещанин здесь здесь здесь jew heb. close to father
Raichman
Avrumovich
8. Maloratskaya ж дочь 9 мещанка здесь здесь здесь jew heb. нет close to father
Chava
Avrumovna
Comments. Comparison with the above diagram for Abraham shows some (minor) discrepancies:
In the Census: In the Diagram:
Avrum Abracham
wife Etlya Rivka b.1861 Etia Rivka b. 1859
son Morduch b.1880 Mordechai b.1879
son Michel Mishel
son Zus Zisel
son Yudko b.1893 Yuda b.1890
son Raichman Rashmiel
не указана daughter Chaika b.1895
As will be shown in the list below, the family of Abracham in 1917 emigrated from Malin to America.
Our ancestors from Malin.
In the city of Malin lived our ancestors (on the list more than 50 people):
Shlomo MALORATSKY b.1790
Avrum MALORATSKY b.1808
Itcko MALORATSKY b.1812
Mordechai MALORATSKY b.1822
Ginach MALORATSKY b.1826
Feiga MALORATSKY b.1832
Abracham(Avrum) MALORATSKY b.1859
Etlya Rivka (Abracham's wife) MALORATSKAYA b.1861
Mordechai (Motel) MALORATSKY (их сын) b.1880
Michel MALORATSKY(их сын) b.1884
Zus MALORATSKY (их сын) b.1889
Yudko MALORATSKY (их сын) b.1893
Raichman MALORATSKY (их сын) b.1894
Chava МАЛОРАЦКАЯ (их дочь) b.1888
Khaim MALORATSKY b.1847
Risya Freina MALORATSKAYA (Chaim's wife) b.1850
Shaya Tsiviya MALORATSKAYA
Joseph MALORATSKY b.1898
Tcipa MALORATSKAYA (дочь Хаима) b.1876
Chava MALORATSKAYA (дочь Хаима) b.1878
Gershko MALORATSKY (сын Хаима) b.1885
Libi MALORATSKAYA b.1882
Mordechai MALORATSKY b. 1879
Clara MALORATSKAYA (жена Мордехая)
Meri MALORATSKAYA (их дочь)
Judie MALORATSKAYA b.1880
Mordechai MALORATSKY b.1883
Mishel MALORATSKY b.1884
Zisel (Samuel) MALORATSKY b.1889
Judie MALORATSKAYA b.1890
Rashmiel (Harry) MALORATSKY b.1894
Eva MALORATSKAYA (жена Рашмиэля) b.1897
Abracham MALORATSKY b.1894
Chaika MALORATSKAYA b.1895
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKAYA b.1881
Judie MALORATSKAYA b.1890
Chaika (Ida) MALORATSKAYA b.1895
Zisel (Sam) MALORATSKY b.1889
Manya MALORATSKAYA b.1899
Mesi MALORATSKAYA b.1902
David MALORATSKY b.1903
Meri MALORATSKAYA b: 1903
Mioli MALORATSKAYA b.1903
Meier MALORATSKY b.1903
Solomon MALORATSKY b.1904
Roza MALORATSKAYA b.1905
Rashel MALORATSKAYA b.1905
Solomon MALORATSKY b.1907
Manya MALORATSKAYA b.1909
Rashmiel MALORATSKY b.1911
Basya MALORATSKAYA b.1911
Max MALORATSKY b.1919
Abracham Mellor b.1917
Yulius (Jerry) MALORATSKY b.1926
Maloratsky, who arrived to America from Malin
Name, Surname Place of birth Date of arrival Year of birth Sex
in America
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Liebe Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1877 F
Masie Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1902 F
David Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1903 M
Ruchel Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1905 F
Salmon Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1907 M
Manie Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1909 F
Basie Maloritzke Malin 25 Aug 1913 1911 F
Liebe Maloratzky Malin 04 Jul 1910 1878 M
Meier Maloratzky Malin 04 Jul 1910 1903 M
Salmon Maloratzky Malin 04 Jul 1910 1907 M
Mane Maloratzky Malin 04 Jul 1910 1910 M
Rochel Maloratzky Malin 25 Aug 1913 1911 F
Rachmiel Maloretzki Malin 18 Sep 1911 1893 M
Chatjkel Maloratzky Malin 11 Jun 1912 1897 M
Abracham Maloratsky Malin 20 Feb 1917 1859 M
Rifka Maloratskaya Malin 20 Feb 1917 1859 F
Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky Malin 20 Feb 1917 1889 M
Eva Maloratskaya Malin 20 Feb 1917 1896 F
Abracham Maloratsky Malin 20 Feb 1917 1917 M
Julius Maloratsky 1926 M
Samuel Maloratsky Malin 1890 M
Fanny Maloratskaya Malin F
Max Mallor Malin 1919 M
Mordhe Maloradzki Malin 1907 1879 M
Mary Maloratskaya Malin 1903 F
Mollie Maloratskaya Kiev 1903 F
Judah Maloratsky Malin 1890 F
Chaika Maloratskaya Malin 1895 F
Chava Maloratskaya Malin 1888 F
Clara Maloratskay Malin
Libby Maloratsky Malin 1882 F
Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky Malin 1883 F
Michel Maloratsky Malin 1884 M
List in Russian with indication of year of birth and year of arrival from Malin to America:
Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky
Abracham Maloratsky
Rivka Ivotskaya (жена Абрахама)
Rashmiel Abramovich Maloratsky (Abracham's and Rivka's son), b.1894
Eva Maloratskaya (Piteckaya) (Rashmiel's wife), b.1896
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1917.
Leib Maloratsky b.1878
Meisi Maloratskaya b.1912
David Maloratsky b.1903
Rashel Maloratskaya b.1905
Solomon Maloratsky b.1907
Manya Maloratskaya b.1909
Basya Maloratskaya b.1911
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1913
Etya Maloratskaya b.1862
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1920
Basya Maloratskaya b.1912
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1925
Rashmiel Maloratsky b.1893
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1911
Mishel Maloratsky b.1884
Chava Maloratskaya b.1888
Zisel Maloratsky b.1889 г.
Yuda Maloratskaya b.1890
Chaika Maloratskaya b.1895
Mordechai Maloratsky b.1879
Clara Maloratskaya (wife of Mordechai)
Mari Maloratskaya (their daughter) b.1903
Immigrated from Malin to America in 1907
All the ancestors of the Maloratsky family (1731-1850) are buried in the Malin cemetery (see photo below), which Isaac Babel described in the "Cavalry army diary of 1920"
(http://lib.ru/PROZA/BABEL/journal.txt):
"The Jewish cemetery behind Malin, for hundreds of years, the stones fell down, almost all one form, oval from above, the cemetery was overgrown with grass, it saw Khmelnitsky, now Budyonny, The unfortunate Jewish population, everything repeats itself, now this story - Poles - Cossacks - Jews - repeats itself with striking accuracy, new - communism "*). The old Jewish cemetery in Malin is over 200 years old, there they stopped burying in the early 30s (see photo below). Then they opened a new Jewish cemetery, which continues to this day, where women are buried separately (to the left of the entrance), men - separately (right). The remaining Malian Jews (under 40) are convinced that this is the only way. In the old cemetery this is not !? "
*) from Babel: "And everywhere cruelty, and everywhere the Jews." ... Rabbis were killed. "" The Jewish cemetery behind Malin, for hundreds of years, the stones fell ... the cemetery was overgrown with grass, it saw Khmelnitsky, now Budenny, unfortunate Jewish population, Now this story - Polish-Cossack Jews - repeats with striking accuracy, new - communism. " "... Everyone says they are fighting for the truth, and everyone is robbing." "To live is disgusting, murderer, unbearable, meanness and crime." "We go with the military commissar along the line, we beg to not cut the prisoners ... I did not look at faces, pin or shoot, corpses are covered with bodies, they undress one, shoot others, moans, screams, rales ..." "... We destroy, we go like a whirlwind, like lava , Everyone is hated, life flies, I'm on a big, never-ending memorial service ... something I'm crushed down, the sad thoughtlessness of my life. " Jews: "... Poles, then Cossacks rummaged ..." "Hatred towards Poles is unanimous. They plundered, tormented, the pharmacist with red-hot iron to the body, needles under their nails, pulled out their hair for shooting at a Polish officer-idiocy. " "The Jews are asking to help not to be ruined, to take food and goods ... The shoemaker was waiting for the Soviet power - he sees the cannibals and robbers ... The organized robbery of the paper shop, the host in tears, is tearing everything away ... There will be a robbery of the city at night - everyone knows it." The Jews in the hands of the Poles: "The pogrom ... the bare, barely breathing old prophet, the chopped old woman, the child with chopped off fingers, many barely breathe, the fetid smell of blood, everything is upside down, chaos, mother over the slaughtered son, the old woman curled up, four people in One hut, dirt, blood under a black beard, so in the blood and lie. " The Jews in the hands of the Bolsheviks: "The main thing is that our people walk indifferently and pogublivayut where possible, rip off the severed. Hatred is the same, the Cossacks are the same, the cruelty is the same, the armies are different, what nonsense. Life of places. There is no escape. Everyone is ruined ... " "At night we were robbed, in the synagogue they threw Torah scrolls and took velvet sacks for saddles. The orderly of the military commissariat examines tephilia, wants to take the straps. " The diary laments: "What a powerful and charming life of the nation here was. The fate of the Jews. " And: "I'm a stranger." And again: "... not my own, I'm alone, we go further ... they take [robbing] 5 minutes after the arrival, some women fight, lament, weep unbearably, hard from the incessant horrors ... [I] tore the Polonica from the hands of the peasant's son". He does it mechanically, without regrets. " When you look at a photo of an ancient synagogue and unique images (see below a photo of a Jewish cemetery) and a ligature on gravestones, then before you stand pictures of textbooks and manuscripts on the history of the ancient world. Before the war, no less than 4,000 Jews lived in Malin. There were synagogues and a cemetery in the town. After the war, there were two cemeteries - old and new, but no synagogue. And it could not be otherwise, because the difference between the beginning of the Jewish presence in Malin for more than two centuries. But the situation with this cemetery is already "Satan" - it more corresponds to the notion: "the site on which there used to be a cemetery". If the "Satan" stela look like a carved art, then in this cemetery the gravestones and steles are smooth, made in the form of ordinary figures (http://evreiskiy.kiev.ua/spasti-ostatki-nasledija-evrejjskikh-10176.html). Now the residential area has already come close to this site. According to the USSR census in 1959, 1,200 Jews lived in Malin. After the end of the Cold War, the Malin Jews, like most of the Jews of the USSR, flew to different continents and countries. Now in the Malin community there are less than 40. They ensure the maintenance of the Jewish cemetery and monument to the victims of Nazism in the purity and order. The departed each year collect money to care for the graves of their ancestors and relatives.
List of inhabited places of the Kiev province
Edition of the Kiev Provincial Statistical Committee Kiev, 1900
M. Malin There are 383 households in it, 3360 people of both sexes, of them men - 1710 and women - 1650. The main occupation of the inhabitants is farming and trade. The distance from the county town to the town is 33 versts, from the nearest steamer station - 90 versts. The steamer station is called Chernobyl. Telegraph and postal (zemsky) stations are located in the m. In the place *) there are 8506 acres of land, of which 5,503 dessiatines belong to the landlords and 51 tithes to the church. And peasants - 2822 tenths. The place belongs to Ekaterina Semenovna Miklucho-Maklyi. The farm on the estate is managed by Vasily Ivanovich Kovalenko. The farm is conducted by the landlord and peasants in a three-field system.In the town there are: 1 Orthodox church, 1 Roman Catholic church, 1 Jewish synagogue, 1 one-class ministerial school, 1 cigarette-making factory belonging to the Highest approved partnership; The factory employs 270 workers, 150 of them men and 120 women; 250 local people, and 20 people from Warsaw province. The director is Alexander Martinovich Jakobson; 1 mill driven by water and steam, 1 windmill, 4 smithies and 1 tannery. In the town there are bazaars on the 1st and 15th of each month, and the fairs on February 2, September 26 and October 26. The fire truck consists of 8 barrels, 1 pump and 10 criminals. By January 1, 1900, the food reserve capital is 3943 rubles. 79 kop. In the town there are: 1 reception room, 1 hospice, 1 doctor, 1 paramedic, 1 pharmacy and 3 inns.
https://books.google.com/booksid=DVRAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR43&lpg=PR43&dq=%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0&source=bl&ots=ZxghiwFTXG&sig=
*) In principle, there is no exact definition of the place. The population of the township ranged from 1,000 to 20,000 people. The place could represent a town and a village. For the Jewish population, the place was such a form of existence in which they felt at home, and not in exile among strangers and, at times, hostile people, as was the case in large cities in the diaspora, where Jews were a minority.
Old Malin
in which our ancestors lived (about 50 people) (graphics by Ilya Goldfarb)
PHOTO OF THE OLD TOWN. THE CENTER OF THE CITY IN 1918 SO LOOKED THE CENTRAL AREA OF THE CITY ... FROM ALL BUILDINGS BEFORE 1980 THE FARM WHITE STONE BUILDING WAS WHERE THE EDITORIAL AND PRINCIPLES OF THE CITY HAVE BEEN, WHERE THE BUILDING HAS BEEN CUT ... DROP. IN THE SQUARE OF THE SQUARE - A TWO-STORAGE BUILDING OF A FIRE PART WITH A HIGH CALCASION ... THIS TWO-STOREY HOUSE IS WORTH AND NOW ... IT IS NECESSARY AND NOW - NOW MALIN TAX INSPECTION (until 1994 MUSICAL SCHOOL)
Malin Fair *) on the main square of the city. The white building has survived to this day and serves as a fire station; wooden buildings are not preserved.
*) Every year in Malin, fairs were held, on which goods from all over the country were taken in the amount of 2400 rubles in silver and all this (profit) was sold for 1800 rubles. The main commodity in this trade was horses, oxen, cows, goats, pigs, as well as bread, potatoes, salt, manufactory, rawhide and dressed leather, tar, small handicrafts and various articles of cast iron, iron and wood ... After the peasant The reform of 1861 in Malin accelerated the development of industry. Leather and distilleries were built ... Bazaars were held weekly, and the fairs began to be held five times a year, and not once, as before ... The fairs in Malin were arranged after the 1st day on Monday and after the 15th day on Wednesday. "There are bazaars in the town on the 1st and 15th of each month, and the fairs on February 2, September 26 and October 26." https://books.google.com/books?id=DVRAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR43&lpg=PR43&dq=%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0 % B0% D1% 8F +% D0% A0% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B0 & source = bl & ots = ZxghiwFTXG & sig = vq- The Jews managed to ensure that the fairs were never held on a Saturday or on a Jewish holiday. A weak Jewish minority actually dictated the timing of holding trades to the vast majority of other peoples. The presence of the market was the defining characteristic of the shtetl, and on the market day peasants flocked to the place early in the morning. Hundreds of carts arrived, the Jews surrounded them to buy products sold by the peasants.
"The market (market square) in the towns was not only a source of earnings for traders, artisans and intermediaries, but also a place where a meeting was held with a gentile peasant - alien and often hostile to the world ... The village and the town had different, sometimes difficult-to-compatible ethnographic Features. ... Even when relations with neighbors were friendly, the Jews of the town constantly had a fear (reinforced by the memory of past disasters) of an unexpected pogrom. Usually the pogrom started on the market square, and then it was thrown on houses and synagogues ".
http://berkovich-zametki.com/2009/Starina/Nomer2/Bejzer1.php
*) Every year in Malin, fairs were held, on which goods from all over the country were taken in the amount of 2400 rubles in silver and all this (profit) was sold for 1800 rubles. The main commodity in this trade was horses, oxen, cows, goats, pigs, as well as bread, potatoes, salt, manufactory, rawhide and dressed leather, tar, small handicrafts and various articles of cast iron, iron and wood ... After the peasant The reform of 1861 in Malin accelerated the development of industry. Leather and distilleries were built ... Bazaars were held weekly, and the fairs began to be held five times a year, and not once, as before ... The fairs in Malin were arranged after the 1st day on Monday and after the 15th day on Wednesday. "There are bazaars in the town on the 1st and 15th of each month, and the fairs on February 2, September 26 and October 26." https://books.google.com/books?id=DVRAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR43&lpg=PR43&dq=%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0 % B0% D1% 8F +% D0% A0% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B0 & source = bl & ots = ZxghiwFTXG & sig = vq- The Jews managed to ensure that the fairs were never held on a Saturday or on a Jewish holiday. A weak Jewish minority actually dictated the timing of holding trades to the vast majority of other peoples. The presence of the market was the defining characteristic of the shtetl, and on the market day peasants flocked to the place early in the morning. Hundreds of carts arrived, the Jews surrounded them to buy products sold by the peasants.
"The market (market square) in the towns was not only a source of earnings for traders, artisans and intermediaries, but also a place where a meeting was held with a gentile peasant - alien and often hostile to the world ... The village and the town had different, sometimes difficult-to-compatible ethnographic Features. ... Even when relations with neighbors were friendly, the Jews of the town constantly had a fear (reinforced by the memory of past disasters) of an unexpected pogrom. Usually the pogrom started on the market square, and then it was thrown on houses and synagogues ".
http://berkovich-zametki.com/2009/Starina/Nomer2/Bejzer1.php
On the instructions of the Radomysl district committee of the RKPb, in the spring of 1918 a large partisan detachment was established in the Malin district. He was led by I.I. Drapy and I.A. Chernov-Mirutenko. The Malin partisans successfully conducted a number of military operations. June 19, 1918, he defeated the considerable forces of the Germans, as well as the punitive detachment of the hetmans and occupied the station and the village of Chepovichi, seized 30 guns, 40 machine guns and many other military equipment. Soviet power was established in Malin in January 1918. However, in February the Germans entered the city and the Bolsheviks went underground. In the area of the city, two guerrilla detachments of the Reds operated - Drapy and Chernov-Mirutenko, which was a rarity for the then territory of the Zhitomir region.
Malin became one of the centers of the Bolshevik underground in the Kiev region, which at that time included the city. It was in Malin that the underground printing press worked. The red partisans "put their hand" to the liberation of Malin from the Petlyuraites in 1919. And in 1920, near Malin, fighting with Polish troops began to boil. And here Arkady Golikov himself, best known as writer Arkady Gaidar, showed himself best. The 7th Infantry Division, headed by him, smashed the Poles with one swift blow and captured Malin. The Polish troops were thrown far beyond the Zhitomir region. Now they talk a lot about the atrocities of Gaidar himself, that he loved to torture and shoot prisoners with his own hands. However, there is no evidence that Arkady Petrovich demonstrated his sadistic tendencies in Malin.
Malin became one of the centers of the Bolshevik underground in the Kiev region, which at that time included the city. It was in Malin that the underground printing press worked. The red partisans "put their hand" to the liberation of Malin from the Petlyuraites in 1919. And in 1920, near Malin, fighting with Polish troops began to boil. And here Arkady Golikov himself, best known as writer Arkady Gaidar, showed himself best. The 7th Infantry Division, headed by him, smashed the Poles with one swift blow and captured Malin. The Polish troops were thrown far beyond the Zhitomir region. Now they talk a lot about the atrocities of Gaidar himself, that he loved to torture and shoot prisoners with his own hands. However, there is no evidence that Arkady Petrovich demonstrated his sadistic tendencies in Malin.
Malin, 1918. The group of Red Partisans under the leadership of com. Chernov and Strokovsky are against the Germans and Hetman.
Jewish cemetery. Here our ancestors Maloratsky are buried "The Jewish cemetery behind Malin, hundreds of years, the stones fell, almost all one form, oval from above, the cemetery was overgrown with grass, it saw Khmelnitsky, now Budenny, the unfortunate Jewish population, everything repeats, now it's the history - Poles - Cossacks - Jews - with an astounding Accuracy, new - communism (I. Babel, "Cavalry army Diary of 1920"). The Old Bail-Hamed Synagogue in Malin http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6112/6284748257_586af43ab1.jpg
A big event in the life of the Jewish community of Malin was the construction of a stone synagogue in the town. On the one hand, this testified to the level of economic growth and community welfare - the construction of a synagogue required special expenses. On the other hand, stonework could protect the synagogue during frequent fires. Prior to the appearance of the synagogue in Malin, there were two Jewish houses of worship, which were actually synagogues and were officially registered. The number of places of worship was limited. If there were 30 Jewish houses in the town, one could count on one synagogue or prayer school, the second was allowed, if there were 80 houses, etc. This suggests that before the construction of the synagogue in Malin there were at least 200 Jewish houses. According to the revision of 1847, in the city of Malin there were 300 households, residents of 2,760, of whom there were 1,064 Jews. |
Malin, 1918. A group of red partisans under the command of Comm. Chernova and Drapia disarm the Petlyura Military Comenzon
Monument in the Jewish cemetery (described by I. Babel)
|
But, in what deplorable condition is now the Malin Jewish cemetery:
Cemeteries and Selected Condition Information
http://heritageabroad.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/survey_ukraine_2005.pdf
Commission Oblast(Region) Town Oldest Walls/Gates Markers/Signs Approximate Current Use
Survey Stone Number of
Number Gravestones
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
UA05460103 Zhitomirska Malyn 1908 No wall or gate No sign or marker 101 to 500 Jewish cemetery
UA05460101 Zhitomirska Malyn n/a No wall or gate No sign or marker 0 Jewish cemetery, agricultural
UA05460102 Zhitomirska Malyn 1939 Continuous fence, No sign or marker 501 to 5000 Bus station
gate with no loc
Mikluho-Maklay farm-house
Address: Malin, with. Gamarnya, Mikluho-Maklay St., 1-10 Former home of princess Scherbakova Year of shooting in 1929 http://www.etoretro.ru/city2797.htm
Not far from the town of Malin there was a small estate, bought in 1873 by the mother of Miklouho-Maklay Ekaterina Semenovna. In Malin, the family of the traveler’s elder brother, Sergey Nikolaevich Miklukhi, who held the position of magistrate, constantly lived. Nikolai Nikolayevich Miklukho-Maklai (Mikluho-Maklay) was born in Novgorod Province into the family of railway engineer N.I. Miklukha, a railway engineer, builder of the Nikolaev Railway and first head of the Moscow Railway Station. His father, Nikolay Ilyich Miklukh, was born in 1818 in Starodub, Chernihiv province. Great-grandfather, Zaporizhzhya Kozak Stepan Miklukha was given a noble title for heroism in the assault on Ochakov (during the Russian-Turkish war). Mother, Ekaterina Semenovna, nee Becker, is a Polka by nationality. Until now, among the residents of the Starodub village there are carriers of the names Miklukha, Miklukhin. The second part of the famous traveler's last name was added later, after his expeditions to Australia. The majority of the inhabitants of Malina of that time were peasant-Ukrainians - the recent serfs who had the status of temporarily obliged: having received small plots during the reform, they used the manor's land for a fixed fee and natural duties. Several quarters in Malin were inhabited by Jews, forming a kind of community. *) The calendar of the Jews, as is known, is moon-sunny. In ancient times, the beginning of the new month was determined simply - according to the testimony of two witnesses. 2 Jews saw the full moon, ran quickly to the court - Beit Din, and reported: the moon, full, hangs, shines. If the witnesses inspired confidence, the judges ruled: today - Rosh Chodesh, the first day of the month. And they sent messengers to all parts of the country to bring this good news to all residents. But after the scattering of Jews around the world, this became difficult. A runner from Jerusalem to Zhmerynka could bring a proclamation of the beginning of a new month a little late. For months 5-6. Therefore, in the 4th century, the head of the Jewish court, Rabbi Hillel II, developed a system by which dates were calculated on the basis of mathematics and astronomical knowledge. Here, too, everything was not easy. The lunar calendar does not coincide with the solar, according to which the seasons are determined, and after all, Pesach must necessarily come in the spring. Therefore, an additional month is periodically added to the lunar year so that it can “catch up” with the sun. There are 7 such leap years in a 19-year cycle. But in fact, despite the theoretical possibility of long-term planning, the Jewish calendar is made only 1 year in advance, starting from the current year. This makes it possible to accurately compare the dates of the Jewish and ordinary, civil calendar. http://myshtetl.org/zhitomirskaja/narodychi.html
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Monument to Ekaterina Semenovna Miklukha at the Malin cemetery
The Malin belonged to Ekaterina Semyonovna Mikluho-Maklay. The farm in the estate was run by the manager Vasily Ivanovich Kovalenko Monument to Mikluho-Maklay in Malin, 1986. http://www.zhitomir.info/news_19172.html
The history of establishing this monument was not an easy one. They did not dare to set up a ready sculpture for a long time, because it turned out that the friend of the Papuans was ... a nobleman. Our ancestors, who lived in Malin from 1885 to 1902, were associated with Rabbi Nahum Waisblatt * (see photo). At this time in the town of Malin, Radomysl Uyezd had 300 households, 2,760 inhabitants, of whom Jews were 1,064 souls. In Malin there was a synagogue, 2 Jewish prayer houses and a Jewish hospital.
*)http://www.aej.org.ua/History/817.html "Nahum Waisblat excelled, thanks to his outstanding abilities and diligence: he learned to be a rabbi and received this post in the small town of Malin near Kiev. Nahum Waisblat was born in 1864 in the Narodichi, and since childhood he was a very weak and sickly child, so he could not even attend the usual cheder. He was taken to various local tzaddik ("righteous") and, according to family tradition, he was helped by the Chernobyl tzadik, who predicted his health, prosperity and great success. As mentioned above, Nachum was really very successful, and soon acquired a great authority in Malin, thanks to brilliant sermons in the synagogue, wise and fair decisions on diners, good teaching in a yeshiva and exemplary charity. He invited his younger brother, after his father's death, to his home in Malin, arranged for study in his yeshiva, and provided an opportunity to earn some private lessons. Sam Nahum during this period worked hard, using his brilliant mathematical abilities to create his "eternal calendar", which would combine "solar" and "lunar" calendars, would take into account religious and secular holidays. The calendar was created by 1890. It was possible to determine any date in the past, present and future. A sample of the calendar was sent to Petersburg to the Government and found a positive response from the Imperial Court. In order to implement the calendar on the market, support of influential persons was required. Rav Nahum turned for help to Sholom-Aleichem, who acquired great popularity in the Jewish environment in those years. Family legend claims that when Nahum first turned to an outstanding Jewish writer, he decided to test his mathematical abilities and invited him to solve the puzzle problem, which he spent three days. But Rabbi Nahum, after listening to the condition of the task, puzzled the writer himself, finding a solution immediately, immediately. Since then, distrust has disappeared and friendship with the writer has lasted for many years. The protection of Sholom Aleichem contributed to the realization of the "Eternal Calendar", but undoubtedly it affected when in 1902, when the vacancy of the Chief Rabbi in Kiev appeared, she was offered, and of course, enthusiastically accepted, by the Rabbi from Malin Nahum Waisblat ... He Died in 1925 at the age of 60. " |
5 hryvnia 2016 - "LONG RED MALIN" (OLD MALIN)
Obverse: In the center - a roll of banknote paper, which depicts a paper mill, founded in the second half of the XIX century; On top - stylized paper bird; On the left - the Small State Emblem of Ukraine, the inscription Ukraine, nominal 5 / Hryvnia, the year of coinage of the coin 2016 and the logo of the Banknote Mint of the National Bank of Ukraine (right). Reverse: Reverse: in the center of the cut of the old tree, which symbolizes the Drevlyane lands, a stylized ancient city is depicted, to the right and to the left of the inscription "DAVNIY MALIN". |
Malinsky Savings and Loan Association (Kiev province). Society for mutual insurance in case of death of members.
Statute of the Republic of mutual insurance in case of death of members of Malin S & T. - Radomysl: Type. E.I.Zaezdnyi 1910. - 14 p. facilities
expenditure
storage
allowance Ust-U27 / 124
Statute of the Republic of mutual insurance in case of death of members of Malin S & T. - Radomysl: Type. E.I.Zaezdnyi 1910. - 14 p. facilities
expenditure
storage
allowance Ust-U27 / 124
Places of residence and work of our ancestors in Malin
(from archival documents)
Surname, Name, Patronymic Place of residence Place of work
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maloratsky
Chaim Morduchovich Malin, Markman's house, apt. 2 Trade in grocery goods
Tsipa Chaimovna The worker Malin paper mill
Chava Chaimovna The worker Malin paper mill
Avrum Morduchovich
At one time he worked as a blacksmith in Zubrovka village, Korostishevsky district
Kaganovsky Borned in Brusilov, lived in Malin Reznik
Mordechai In 1941, together with his wife, he was burned alive by the fascists
Religious life of our ancestors in Malin
According to the revision of 1847, in the city of Malin there were 300 households, residents of 2,760, of whom there were 1,064 Jews. There was a synagogue and 2 Jewish prayer houses in Malin. The life of the town without a prayer house was impossible. Attitude to tradition, observance of the commandments and regulations of the Torah, the generation of Jews absorbed with mother's milk. The authority of the sacred books was indisputable, the Jews were looking for an answer to exciting questions. The Torah gave an idea of the world, explained the patterns of life, showed the place of the Jews as a people in world civilization and its relationship with God. In the school of prayer it was possible to gather only for the performance of the rites of faith and prayer, to store items related to the Jewish worship, and metric books. The right to use the place in the synagogue could be purchased for a certain fee, appointed by the community. If there were 30 Jewish houses in the town, one could count on one synagogue or prayer school, the second was allowed, if there were 80 houses, etc. This suggests that before the construction of the synagogue in Malin there were at least 200 Jewish houses. In 1895 there were 3 prayer houses in Malin: "The Great Prayer School, standing near the Bale-Hamedrish Synagogue" (see photo earlier), "The Prayer House at the Gdal Tversky House", "Ben Medrosh Prayer School".
About Chaim Maloratsky (great-grandfather of Lev Maloratsky)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.63
The list is the faces of the Jews of the parishioners of the Great Prayer School near the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish Compiled in January 1895:
We below described the Kiev province of Radomysl district Jews, residents of Malina. The parishioners of the above prayer house were collected by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds in cash of the parishioners of this school who have the general right to vote ... an election is made in Radomysl to elect a county state rabbi, to which the county authorities demand that two people be elected from our county borough from every house of worship to participate in the add-elections. That is why they unanimously sentenced two trustworthy trustworthy people from among our parishioners, namely Leiser Mun Moruhovich Moruhovsky and Berko Iosifovich Dukler, on whom we are obliged to appear on the 26th of February this year to participate in such elections according to their opinion and that they are legitimately in charge of arguing and reject we will not, this sentence is signed by ours and for witnessing and sending to where it should be, we have the honor to introduce the petty bourgeois:
.......................................
3. Maloratsky Chaim (signature)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.71-72
The verdict of the Hebrews of the Malin Big Prayer School, consisting at the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish of 1895 February:
We, the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the district of m. Malin. The parishioners of the Big Prayer School gathered this number of members of the religious board to the said school in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners ... ............. The verdict was signed by the commoners:
..............................
Khaim Maloratsky (signature)
.....................
(40 people in total)
Note: Chaim Maloratsky - the father of Mark Maloratsky), great-grandfather of Leo Maloratsky.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We are the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the village of Malin. The parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were assembled by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... of our town, two people were elected by sentence from each house of prayer to participate in these reliable and trustworthy elections, namely, Leizor-Muni Morduhovich Moruhovsky and ERKA Iosifovicha Duklera ..., This sentence was signed burgers ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Comments: In 1895 Avrum Maloratsky (great-great-uncle Lev Maloratsky) with his family was still in Malin and immigrated with his family to America after 22 years, February 20, 1917
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
List of parishioners of the Ben Medrosh prayer school, 1894:
.....................................
59. Srul Kagansky
........................................
Note: Srul Kagansky is the great-grandfather of Lev Maloratsky.
For the Jews of Malin and the entire Zhytomyr region, freedom of religion began to gradually disappear in Soviet times. So, 50 km from Malin in Korosten in 1926, the Rabbi Conference was held.
According to the revision of 1847, in the city of Malin there were 300 households, residents of 2,760, of whom there were 1,064 Jews. There was a synagogue and 2 Jewish prayer houses in Malin. The life of the town without a prayer house was impossible. Attitude to tradition, observance of the commandments and regulations of the Torah, the generation of Jews absorbed with mother's milk. The authority of the sacred books was indisputable, the Jews were looking for an answer to exciting questions. The Torah gave an idea of the world, explained the patterns of life, showed the place of the Jews as a people in world civilization and its relationship with God. In the school of prayer it was possible to gather only for the performance of the rites of faith and prayer, to store items related to the Jewish worship, and metric books. The right to use the place in the synagogue could be purchased for a certain fee, appointed by the community. If there were 30 Jewish houses in the town, one could count on one synagogue or prayer school, the second was allowed, if there were 80 houses, etc. This suggests that before the construction of the synagogue in Malin there were at least 200 Jewish houses. In 1895 there were 3 prayer houses in Malin: "The Great Prayer School, standing near the Bale-Hamedrish Synagogue" (see photo earlier), "The Prayer House at the Gdal Tversky House", "Ben Medrosh Prayer School".
About Chaim Maloratsky (great-grandfather of Lev Maloratsky)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.63
The list is the faces of the Jews of the parishioners of the Great Prayer School near the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish Compiled in January 1895:
We below described the Kiev province of Radomysl district Jews, residents of Malina. The parishioners of the above prayer house were collected by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds in cash of the parishioners of this school who have the general right to vote ... an election is made in Radomysl to elect a county state rabbi, to which the county authorities demand that two people be elected from our county borough from every house of worship to participate in the add-elections. That is why they unanimously sentenced two trustworthy trustworthy people from among our parishioners, namely Leiser Mun Moruhovich Moruhovsky and Berko Iosifovich Dukler, on whom we are obliged to appear on the 26th of February this year to participate in such elections according to their opinion and that they are legitimately in charge of arguing and reject we will not, this sentence is signed by ours and for witnessing and sending to where it should be, we have the honor to introduce the petty bourgeois:
.......................................
3. Maloratsky Chaim (signature)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
p.71-72
The verdict of the Hebrews of the Malin Big Prayer School, consisting at the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish of 1895 February:
We, the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the district of m. Malin. The parishioners of the Big Prayer School gathered this number of members of the religious board to the said school in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners ... ............. The verdict was signed by the commoners:
..............................
Khaim Maloratsky (signature)
.....................
(40 people in total)
Note: Chaim Maloratsky - the father of Mark Maloratsky), great-grandfather of Leo Maloratsky.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
pp.63-64 The sentence of the Jews of the prayer house of February 1895, which is located at the house of Gdal of Tver:
We are the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd in the village of Malin. The parishioners of the aforementioned prayer house were assembled by members of the religious board in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners of this school ... of our town, two people were elected by sentence from each house of prayer to participate in these reliable and trustworthy elections, namely, Leizor-Muni Morduhovich Moruhovsky and ERKA Iosifovicha Duklera ..., This sentence was signed burgers ...
Avrum Maloratsky (signature)
.................................................. . total 29 people
Comments: In 1895 Avrum Maloratsky (great-great-uncle Lev Maloratsky) with his family was still in Malin and immigrated with his family to America after 22 years, February 20, 1917
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
List of parishioners of the Ben Medrosh prayer school, 1894:
.....................................
59. Srul Kagansky
........................................
Note: Srul Kagansky is the great-grandfather of Lev Maloratsky.
For the Jews of Malin and the entire Zhytomyr region, freedom of religion began to gradually disappear in Soviet times. So, 50 km from Malin in Korosten in 1926, the Rabbi Conference was held.
In 1926, on the initiative of S. Kipnis and with the permission of the Soviet authorities, the Rabbinic Conference was held in Korosten, in which 50 rabbis from different regions of the USSR participated. The conference decided to unite the Jewish religious communities to counter the threat of assimilation; was elected executive committee. Immediately after the conference, Kipnis was arrested, and the committee was actually dissolved.
At the end of the 19th century, the 6th GENERATION OF OUR ANCESTORS WAS RIDING FROM MALIN TO RADOMYSL
Obviously, the first Maloratsky, who moved from Malin to Radomysl, was our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky from Malin, who married Chana Kaganskaya, born in 1874 in Radomysl. (The Kagansky family will be described in detail later in this Part)
Our ancestors from Radomysl
REFERENCE: Radomysl - district city of the Kiev province. on a steep hill, limited floatable p. Grouse and flowing into it p. Myka and Sukharna. Residents (1897) 11154, including 5441 mzhch. and 5713 women. Jews make up 67% of the population. Right churches 3, cath. Church, synagogues and Heb. schools of prayer 8. In the Trinity Church, the former cathedral Greek-Uniate metropolitans, many old icons, church clothes, utensils and books. Houses 135 stone and 1186 wooden; non-residential buildings 694 trees. Craftsmen (1895) 1059, factories and plants (1896) 13, with 108 workers and production at 252930 rubles. Three mills (161330 rub.), 5 tanner head. (76600 rub.), 2 savings banks. Encyclopedic dictionary Brockhaus and Efron.
There are two versions of the origin of the name Radomysl. According to one of them Radomysl translated means "joyful thought" (радость мысли, rus), on another - the city is named after an unknown hero, by his last name.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2004-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&updated-max=2005-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&max-results=9
There are enough legends about the origin of this name. The most common of them, first introduced in 1852 in the description of the province of Kiev Funduklei, tells that the inhabitants of the destroyed by the Horde hordes of Mieschesk-Mykhorod gathered to "council" to decide how to live on. Therefore, in order to protect themselves further from the predatory attacks of invaders and conquerors, they decided to settle on the left bank of Miki, better sheltered from the enemies. Therefore, the "joyful thought" about the creation of a new settlement on a more convenient place and the "council of the townspeople, as they thought", gave rise to Radomysl. There are enough legends about the origin of this name. The most common of them, first introduced in 1852 in the description of the province of Kiev Funduklei, tells that the inhabitants of the destroyed by the Horde hordes of Mieschesk-Mykhorod gathered to "council" to decide how to live on. Therefore, in order to protect themselves further from the predatory attacks of invaders and conquerors, they decided to settle on the left bank of Miki, better sheltered from the enemies. Therefore, the "joyful thought" about the creation of a new settlement on a more convenient place and the "council of the townspeople, as they thought", gave rise to Radomysl.
"Radomyslsky (according to Mother Apfelbaum) Evsey-Hershko Aronovich, who later in his younger years became Zinoviev. "... in connection with Zinoviev (and this is a pseudonym) I had to somehow hear an interesting version about the renaming of Radomysl, whose name appeared in 1946 as" w "instead of" c. "When I asked about the reasons for this replacement of the old resident of the city, He pointedly said: "Stalin ordered," he said, "it was like this: December 26, 1943 Radomysl was among the other settlements of Zhytomyr was freed from the Nazis." Sovinformburo reported on how it was supposed to. Hearing the message, Joseph Vissarionovich was very indignant: "How?" Why have not they been renamed? After all, the "leader of the peoples" could not even imagine that there is a city whose name, albeit indirectly, but points to the shot oppositionist. Therefore, we changed this "inconvenient" letter. Of course, the story is legendary and anecdotal and reminds us of the tsar's finger attached to the ruler, from which the plan, and then in reality, remained on the Moscow-Petersburg railroad. "Zarya Polissya, July 8, 1994.
But in reality Radomysl became in 1946 Radomyshl for another reason. When, after World War II, the USSR and Poland found out relations by way of expulsions and resettlements of Ukrainians and Poles, they also led to "historical identity" and toponym, "liberating" it from allusions to the Polish past.
From the memoirs of our relative Maya Kaganskaya *) http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya#Glossary: "My mother and father (Kagansky) relatives came from Radomysl, most of the population of Radomysl were Jews. In the center of the city there were municipal buildings and a market. The Jews lived in the central part of Radomysl. As in all other cities, Jews were mostly artisans and traders. In the city there was a large beautiful synagogue and several prayer houses. My ancestors were religious Jews professing Hasidism **). This is a widespread religious movement in Bessarabia. My maternal great-great-grandfathers, whose name I do not remember, were Hasidim. They lived in Radomysl and their children, who were born in this city, also became Hasidim. "
*) Maya Kaganskaya's second cousin Leo Malaratsky (see below).
**) In the late 19th century, the Hasidic court in Radomysl founded Avrom-Jehoshua-Geshel Tver (? -1919). In 1914, the dynasty was continued by his son Hanokh-Genh (1886-1971, Jerusalem).
There are two versions of the origin of the name Radomysl. According to one of them Radomysl translated means "joyful thought" (радость мысли, rus), on another - the city is named after an unknown hero, by his last name.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2004-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&updated-max=2005-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&max-results=9
There are enough legends about the origin of this name. The most common of them, first introduced in 1852 in the description of the province of Kiev Funduklei, tells that the inhabitants of the destroyed by the Horde hordes of Mieschesk-Mykhorod gathered to "council" to decide how to live on. Therefore, in order to protect themselves further from the predatory attacks of invaders and conquerors, they decided to settle on the left bank of Miki, better sheltered from the enemies. Therefore, the "joyful thought" about the creation of a new settlement on a more convenient place and the "council of the townspeople, as they thought", gave rise to Radomysl. There are enough legends about the origin of this name. The most common of them, first introduced in 1852 in the description of the province of Kiev Funduklei, tells that the inhabitants of the destroyed by the Horde hordes of Mieschesk-Mykhorod gathered to "council" to decide how to live on. Therefore, in order to protect themselves further from the predatory attacks of invaders and conquerors, they decided to settle on the left bank of Miki, better sheltered from the enemies. Therefore, the "joyful thought" about the creation of a new settlement on a more convenient place and the "council of the townspeople, as they thought", gave rise to Radomysl.
"Radomyslsky (according to Mother Apfelbaum) Evsey-Hershko Aronovich, who later in his younger years became Zinoviev. "... in connection with Zinoviev (and this is a pseudonym) I had to somehow hear an interesting version about the renaming of Radomysl, whose name appeared in 1946 as" w "instead of" c. "When I asked about the reasons for this replacement of the old resident of the city, He pointedly said: "Stalin ordered," he said, "it was like this: December 26, 1943 Radomysl was among the other settlements of Zhytomyr was freed from the Nazis." Sovinformburo reported on how it was supposed to. Hearing the message, Joseph Vissarionovich was very indignant: "How?" Why have not they been renamed? After all, the "leader of the peoples" could not even imagine that there is a city whose name, albeit indirectly, but points to the shot oppositionist. Therefore, we changed this "inconvenient" letter. Of course, the story is legendary and anecdotal and reminds us of the tsar's finger attached to the ruler, from which the plan, and then in reality, remained on the Moscow-Petersburg railroad. "Zarya Polissya, July 8, 1994.
But in reality Radomysl became in 1946 Radomyshl for another reason. When, after World War II, the USSR and Poland found out relations by way of expulsions and resettlements of Ukrainians and Poles, they also led to "historical identity" and toponym, "liberating" it from allusions to the Polish past.
From the memoirs of our relative Maya Kaganskaya *) http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya#Glossary: "My mother and father (Kagansky) relatives came from Radomysl, most of the population of Radomysl were Jews. In the center of the city there were municipal buildings and a market. The Jews lived in the central part of Radomysl. As in all other cities, Jews were mostly artisans and traders. In the city there was a large beautiful synagogue and several prayer houses. My ancestors were religious Jews professing Hasidism **). This is a widespread religious movement in Bessarabia. My maternal great-great-grandfathers, whose name I do not remember, were Hasidim. They lived in Radomysl and their children, who were born in this city, also became Hasidim. "
*) Maya Kaganskaya's second cousin Leo Malaratsky (see below).
**) In the late 19th century, the Hasidic court in Radomysl founded Avrom-Jehoshua-Geshel Tver (? -1919). In 1914, the dynasty was continued by his son Hanokh-Genh (1886-1971, Jerusalem).
https://books.google.com/books?id=DVRAAQAAMAAJ&pg
The Hasidic movement began almost a century after the Khmelnytsky region, possibly under the impression of traditions that the old people told the future tzadiks ("the righteous"), who by themselves gathered communities around themselves in old age. The first of these was Israel bin Eliezer, aka Baal Shem Tov (“Prince of Good Name”), who roamed Jewish communities for many years, then went to the mountains (for lack of Tibet, to the Carpathians) like any Buddha for 7 years, from where descended sage and healer. The essence of Hasidism is now misunderstood: if nowadays these black-bearded people seem to be an apotheosis of orthodoxy to the uninitiated, then in the 18th century. on the contrary, it was something like “Jewish Protestantism” (there were quite a few such waves in the 3,000-year history of Judaism), where personal emotional knowledge of God was put at the forefront — hence, all these Hasidic tales and dances. In addition, Hasidism implied optimism and humanism - for the same Shem Tov, there were no hopeless positions and no more people. And also in Hasidism, the authority of the tzadik was extremely important, around which the “court” was formed, which eventually turned into its own branch. http://www.morethanonelife.com/
"According to the abolition of the Uniate Metropolis in 1795, Radomysl entered the state administration and, with the establishment of the Kiev province, entered the city as a city in 1797. As mentioned above, the city of Radomysl is 98 versts from the provincial town, 49 versts away from the provincial town, from the nearest railroad station, which carries the name "Zhitomir", 98 versts from the steamboat station Kiev. There are: 1 postal and telegraph office and postal zemstvo station in the city. There are 11271 people of both sexes in the city, of them men-5304 and women-5967. The total number of inhabitants included: the Orthodox-3167, the Catholic-94, the Lutheran-11 and the Jewish-7999. The city owns 2,773 dessiatines of 1590 sozh. Land, from them 701 acres of 2204 soot. Arable land, 186 desyatinas 965 sazh.-snykosnoy, -1400 desiatinas 1130 sazh.-pod losom, 64 tenths. 2176 soot-up roads, 57 tenths. 1047 soot-up under the rivers, lakes and ponds, 35 dessiatines. 250 soot. Under bushes and bushes, 2 dessiatines of 1200 s.zh.-rise of pastures and areas. The city occupies a space of 2915 square. Versts that in translation for tithes will be 286 acres of 11 soot. In the city there are 986 houses, of them stone-51, wooden-936; of uninhabited buildings there are 615, of them stone-9, wooden-606 of the educational institutions in the city are: two-class city school for both sexes; A two-year parochial school for both sexes, with a craft class with it; school of female labor; the primary Jewish school; Jewish school "Talmud-torah; and one heder. In the city there are: the cathedral churches-1, the parish churches-1, the Roman Catholic chapel-1, the Jewish synagogues-1, the prayer houses-7. The city is quartered by the escort team and is controlled by the local Military Chief. "
The following review, including the description of Radomysl at the end of the 18th century, was found by Ilya Goldfarb:
The Hasidic movement began almost a century after the Khmelnytsky region, possibly under the impression of traditions that the old people told the future tzadiks ("the righteous"), who by themselves gathered communities around themselves in old age. The first of these was Israel bin Eliezer, aka Baal Shem Tov (“Prince of Good Name”), who roamed Jewish communities for many years, then went to the mountains (for lack of Tibet, to the Carpathians) like any Buddha for 7 years, from where descended sage and healer. The essence of Hasidism is now misunderstood: if nowadays these black-bearded people seem to be an apotheosis of orthodoxy to the uninitiated, then in the 18th century. on the contrary, it was something like “Jewish Protestantism” (there were quite a few such waves in the 3,000-year history of Judaism), where personal emotional knowledge of God was put at the forefront — hence, all these Hasidic tales and dances. In addition, Hasidism implied optimism and humanism - for the same Shem Tov, there were no hopeless positions and no more people. And also in Hasidism, the authority of the tzadik was extremely important, around which the “court” was formed, which eventually turned into its own branch. http://www.morethanonelife.com/
"According to the abolition of the Uniate Metropolis in 1795, Radomysl entered the state administration and, with the establishment of the Kiev province, entered the city as a city in 1797. As mentioned above, the city of Radomysl is 98 versts from the provincial town, 49 versts away from the provincial town, from the nearest railroad station, which carries the name "Zhitomir", 98 versts from the steamboat station Kiev. There are: 1 postal and telegraph office and postal zemstvo station in the city. There are 11271 people of both sexes in the city, of them men-5304 and women-5967. The total number of inhabitants included: the Orthodox-3167, the Catholic-94, the Lutheran-11 and the Jewish-7999. The city owns 2,773 dessiatines of 1590 sozh. Land, from them 701 acres of 2204 soot. Arable land, 186 desyatinas 965 sazh.-snykosnoy, -1400 desiatinas 1130 sazh.-pod losom, 64 tenths. 2176 soot-up roads, 57 tenths. 1047 soot-up under the rivers, lakes and ponds, 35 dessiatines. 250 soot. Under bushes and bushes, 2 dessiatines of 1200 s.zh.-rise of pastures and areas. The city occupies a space of 2915 square. Versts that in translation for tithes will be 286 acres of 11 soot. In the city there are 986 houses, of them stone-51, wooden-936; of uninhabited buildings there are 615, of them stone-9, wooden-606 of the educational institutions in the city are: two-class city school for both sexes; A two-year parochial school for both sexes, with a craft class with it; school of female labor; the primary Jewish school; Jewish school "Talmud-torah; and one heder. In the city there are: the cathedral churches-1, the parish churches-1, the Roman Catholic chapel-1, the Jewish synagogues-1, the prayer houses-7. The city is quartered by the escort team and is controlled by the local Military Chief. "
The following review, including the description of Radomysl at the end of the 18th century, was found by Ilya Goldfarb:
Each county is divided into mills:
Radomysl county:
1. Brusilov
2. Korostyshev
3. m. Malin
4. m. Ivankov
5. m. Chernobl
It should be noted that our ancestors lived in Radomysl, Malin, Korostishev, Brusilov.
The city of Radomysl and our ancestors
1. History
2. Radomysl: business people of 1913
3. Our ancestors from Radomysl
1. History
The emblem of the city looks rather mysterious (see photo below): on the shield under the double-headed eagle there is a triple of flying pigeons bearing flaming straw in their beaks. That is, there is an episode from the life of the ancient Korosten, which the princess Olga of Kiev at one time burned with the help of these same pigeons. The question arises by itself: what does the story of Korosten have to Radomysl? Hard to say. Although, according to one version, the Radomysl castle was used as the main military camp of the Kiev squadron, from where the main march of Princess Olga to Iskorosten began. Radomysl is one of the oldest cities in Ukraine. The territory of Radomysl, according to archaeological research, was inhabited by people even 30 - 35 thousand years ago. The remains of the early Slavonic settlement on the territory of the city were discovered by archaeologists and date back to the 6th-7th centuries. The first known written references to Radomysl are found in the Ipatiev Chronicle of 1150. There it is mentioned under the name Mychesk (probably by the name of one of the rivers flowing through the river Radomysl - Myka). Originally, but it is unknown from what time, Radomysl occupied a different place - between Myka and Teterev - and was called Mykgorod. When in the old city the inhabitants became cramped, and then it was impossible to distribute it, because the neighborhoods were low-lying and therefore filled with spring floods - then the people assembled a rainbow or council, and decided to lay a new city on the high banks, calling it Radomysl. The convenience of the location of the new city attracted almost all residents from the old city, turning into an empty fort site, on which there are still several houses left. Before the annexation of the western provinces to the empire, this city with a significant number of villages belonging to its district was the property of the Uniate Metropolitans. Because of this, the city of Radomysl was not like other local cities, a free or privileged city and did not use the Magdeburg law. By the abolition of the Uniat Metropolia in 1795, Radomysl entered the state department and, in the establishment of the Kiev Gubernia in 1797, became part of the county town. Three "Radomyshl whales" that helped the city to rise and grow stronger. Ask any of the residents what ancient names are still preserved in the urban neighborhoods, and they will certainly answer: Mykhorod, Rudnya and Papyrnia. Today Mykorod is called the suburb of Radomysl. A few centuries ago it was a small village, inheriting its name from the glorious Myshesk, or Myk-city. The chronicler tells how in 1150, under the pressure of Vladimir Galitsky, the Kiev prince Izyaslav Mstislavich retreated from this city. Rooted Mocheans paid off from the prince-Galician in silver, and in considerable quantity, as the women had to take off even their own jewelry. However, in the annals we are talking about a populated and inhabited city, and its history begins much earlier. The first traces of the homo sapiens here belong to the late Paleolithic period (35-30 thousand years ago). Since the 16th century Mechesk is mentioned as Radomysl, and since 1946 it has acquired its modern name Radomysl. Radomysl (from the 16th c.), And even earlier - Michesk (or Mikhorod) by the name of the same name river. There are two versions of the origin of this name. According to one of them Radomysl in translation means "joyful thought", on another - the city is named after an unknown hero, by his last name. In general, Radomysl had the most direct relation to Kiev. In the 16th century. The city, which was then a small town, was a part of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. And the first industrial enterprise was founded here by monks: in the 17th century, Archimandrite Pletenetsky built here a shop for the production of paper. And since 1795 Radomysl became a district town of Volyn province (which was then called the Volyn province) (http://forum.svrt.ru/index.php?showtopic=2522&st=40).
Radomysl is one of the oldest cities in Ukraine. The territory of Radomysl, according to archaeological research, was inhabited by people even 30 - 35 thousand years ago. The remains of the early Slavonic settlement on the territory of the city were discovered by archaeologists and date back to the 6th-7th centuries.
Since 1795 - county town of Volyn province.
Since 1797 - the county town of the Kiev province.
As of 1.1.1941, the population of Radomysl was about 9,500 people, mostly Jews. On August 8 and 9, 1941, about 6,500 inhabitants of the city of Jewish nationality were massacred in two ditches in the forest by fascists, the body of the victims of the Holocaust was later reburied in a mass grave in a city cemetery. Only many years after the war, the city's population reached the pre-war level.
Radomysl is a district town of the Kiev Gubernia. On a steep hill, bounded by a rafting river Teterevom and flowing into it r. Myka and Sukharna. Before the city was on another place, between the river Myka and Teterev. In the 17th century and the 18th century, Radomysl was a small place; its importance has increased since 1746, when it became the seat of the Uniate Kiev Metropolitans. In the spring of 1768, the Zaporozhian Maxim Zaliznyak formed a detachment and moved south, thundering the landed estates and completely eliminating Poles and Jews. The localities of the southern Kiev region were captured by rebels, the number of which grew every day, because peasants were enthusiastically going to the Haidamaks. In addition to the main detachment of Haidamaks Zaliznyak, in the summer of 1768 there were many other groups, including the Haidamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko in the Radomysl district. In 1795 the Uniate Metropolitanate of Kiev was destroyed, and Radomysl. It was made by the county town of Volyn Gubernia, and from 1797 - by the Kiev one. Inhabitants (1897) 11154, including 5441 men and 5713 women. The new status raised Radomysl to the level of Zhitomir, Cherkassy, Rivne, Lutsk, Poltava and other cities that have now become not just regional, but also major economic and cultural centers. Jews constitute 67% of the population. Orthodox churches 3, the Catholic church, synagogues and Jewish prayer schools 8. In the Trinity Church, the former cathedral Greco-Uniate Metropolitans, there are many ancient icons, church garments, utensils and books. The houses are 135 stone and 1186 wooden; non-residential buildings 694 wooden, city men's and women's school with a prep school; primary School. Hospitals are urban and Jewish. A bookstore with a library for reading. Initially Radomysl was called Myk-city and Mochek (now called the neighboring village). Mentioned in the annals for the first time in 1150 on the occasion of retreat led. Book. Kiev Izyaslav to Vladimir Galitsky, who took Myszek. The last time about Myshek was mentioned at the end of the 14th century. With the increase in the number of inhabitants, the residents of Moczyn moved the city to another place where it now stands and named it Radomysl. From 1746 until the accession of the region to Russia Radomysl was the property of the Uniate Metropolitans. In 1795 Radomysl, it was appointed a county town of Volyn Gubernia, and in 1797 it was transferred to Kiev. By 1797 it was considered to be 1,829 souls of philistines, including 1,424 Jews.
From 1729 to 1795 Radomysl was one of the centers of the Greek Catholic Church. Here was the permanent residence of the Kiev Greek-Catholic metropolitans, founded by Afanasy Sheptytsky (1686-1746). After the third partition of Rzeczpospolita, in 1795, Radomysl moved to the Russian Empire. The city received its own coat of arms and began to develop economically - a brewery was established, guns began to be cast, the city duma, the court, the police were erected, a fire brigade and a hospital were set up, and the construction of the St. Nicholas Church was started, which was started under Greek Catholic Kiev Metropolitans. Of the 11,200 inhabitants of Radomysl in 1897, more than a third were Jews. They built synagogues, new establishments of trade and services, food, as well as industrial enterprises. The first school and the first theater in the city were also built by Jews. In the late 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century, Radomysl is going through an industrial revolution. Mail and telegraph begin to operate, roads and bridges, a water tower, a cloth factory, a brewery are being built. In 1902, a mill was built on the ruined walls of the Lavra papyrni, where flour was produced for the whole city and the county. In total, before the revolutionary events of 1917, about two dozen industrial enterprises operated in Radomysl. Male and female gymnasiums were opened. For the spiritual needs of the citizens there were two Orthodox churches, a synagogue, six Jewish prayer houses. The descendants of the Germans who moved to Radomysl in the 17th century. To work at a paper mill, prayed in a Lutheran church. There was also a church in the city, built with the money of princess Cecilia Radziwill. The Radomysl district had a "non-standard" form and resembled two interconnected quadrangles ("northern" and "southern"). Radomysl itself was located in the southern part near the "corner of the connection" and was almost equidistant from Kiev and Zhitomir. In any case, the city received good starting opportunities and successfully implemented them. Thus, its population grew from 1793 to 1913 eight times and reached 15,000 people. Gradually gaining power and economic complex - not without reason Radomysl was considered one of the most promising cities in the region. http://antikvar.ua/publications/ourtime/695-2016-10-12-12-43-11.html
The Jewish pogroms in Radomysl were not on an empty spot - "stuffing the muzzle of the Jews" - they had very "serious background", from purely economic to Jewish-religious. Here are some examples:
In 1826 a police officer from Radomysl reported to the Kiev military governor that "Jewish ritual murders" were perpetrated on the personal orders of Mordechai Tversky, the son of the founder of the Chernobyl Tzaddik dynasty. In 1830 four Jews from Starokonstantinov were brought to trial for the murder of a seven-year-old boy with the purpose of using his blood for baking matzo, the process continued until 1836. http://inquisitor.com.ua/index.php/stati-saitu/78-dva-naroda-v-zhizni-ukrainy-nemtsy-i-evre
In 1839 in Radomysl, the barber A. Lazebnik was arrested because he "cut Nechiporenko's girl's throat and collected blood in a basin." Surprisingly, all these cases ended in an excuse for the defendants, and rumors of Jewish crimes were still circulating in Ukraine.
In Russia, according to the census of 1897, 33.5% of its Jewish population lived in 1522 townships. About 40% of their inhabitants were engaged in trade and mediation, and 35-40% were artisans. The In the late 19th century. The structure of the Kiev province included 12 counties, 40 mills and 203 volosts; Populated areas - 10 968, of which 12 cities and 109 towns.
No. District City, metro area²
1 Berdichevsky Berdichev (77 823 people) 2 953.9172 490 (1889)
2 Vasilkovsky Vasilkov (17,794 people) 3 961,7263 261 (1889)
3 Zvenigorodsky Zvenigorodka (13,127 people) 2 893,8236 280 (1889)
4 Kanevsky Kanev (9 135 people) 2 868.6242 229 (1892)
5 Kievsky Kiev (188 488 people) 4 958,0452 904 (1894)
6 Lipovets Lipovets (8 968 people) 2 540.6210 946 (1894)
7 Radomyslsky Radomysl (11,154 people) 8,429.0319,016 (1897)
8 Skvirsky Skvira (16 265 people) 3 270,1265 538 (1897)
9 Tarashchansky Tarascha (11 452 people) 2 934.3246 023 (1897)
10 Umansky Uman (28 628 people) 3 774,2322 638 (1897)
11 Cherkasy Cherkasy (29 619 people) 3 163,0308 420 (1897)
12 Chigirinsky Chigirin (17,480 people) 2,876,7239,001 (1900)
Territorial divisions and places of residence of our ancestors:
Province: Kiev County: Radomysl City:
Radomysl ..................................... Kagansky, Maloratsky, Sagalov, Kaganovsky
Malin .............................................Maloratsky
Korostishev .............................. Kagansky
Brusilov ......................................... Kaganovsky
Fastov ............................................ Sagalov, Maloratsky
Rzhyschev ...................................... Kagansky
Malaya Racha ..................................Maloratsky
Zabore .......................................... ..Maloratsky
Jewish researchers attribute the foundations of the Jewish community in Radomysl to the 18th century. In 1797 there were already 1424 Jews (80 percent of the population). The first written references to the representatives of the Jewish nation in Radomysl date back to 1750 in connection with the robbery of the Haidamaks, who attacked the metropolitan town, local "tenant-tenants". In the 19th century, the number of Jews in Radomysl was constantly growing. In 1847, there were already 2732 of them, 1864 - 2808, 1887 - 3260, 1897 - 7502, 1900 - 7999.
It is clear that as the largest national community, the Jews had a significant impact on the development of the city. Of the 11,200 inhabitants of Radomysl in 1897, more than a third were Jews. In the encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron (1897) it is stated that in the district town of Radomysl in the Kiev province "Jews constitute 67% of the population." They built synagogues, new establishments of trade and services, food, as well as industrial enterprises. The first school and the first theater in the city were also built by Jews. In the late 19th century - at the beginning of the 20th century, Radomysl is experiencing an industrial revolution. Mail and telegraph begin to operate, roads and bridges, a water tower, a cloth factory, a brewery are being built. According to the 1801 books in Radomysl and its county, the Christian merchants - 14; Jewish merchants - 6; Christ-burghers - 939; Jews-philistines - 1474. According to the revision of 1847, the following "Jewish societies" existed in the county: Radomysl - in the number of 2,734 souls; Rozhevsk - 257; Brusilov - 2884; Korostishev - 2657; Malin - 1064; Khabensk - 901; Ivanovo - 642; Gornostaypol - 366; Chernobyl - 3482. According to the census of 1897, there are 315,000 people in the county, among them 41,506 Jews; including in Radomysl 10,906, of which 7502 are Jews. Of the county settlements, of which at least 500 are inhabited, the Jews are represented in the highest percentage in the following: Beaver - 633 inhabitants, among them 208 Hebrews; Brusilov - 6703 and 3575; Varovici - 1158 and 334; Gornostaypol - 3286 and 1888; Dityatkovskaya (paper factory) - 1326 and 227; Zaleshane - 855 and 102; the debris is 510 and 505; Ivankov - 3037 and 1577; Boars -986 and 135; Korostishev - 7863 and 4160; Malin - 4256 and 2547; Roger - 2065 and 610; Sidorovichi - 758 and 137; Skuratov - 1690 and 189; Terekhi - 682 and 72, Habno - 2719 and 1721; Chernobyl - 9351 and 5526; the Chopovichi - 6654 and 919. In the 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century - the county town of the Kiev Gubernia. In 1797, there were 1424 Jews in Radomysl (56.4%), in 1847 - 2734, in 1859 - 3626, in 1887 - 4658, in 1897 - 7502 (69%), in 1900 - 7,999 (71%), in 1906 - 10,211, in 1910 - 10,450 (69.6%), in 1920 - 5122, in 1923 - 5,257, in 1926 - 4637, in 1939 - 2348 (20.1%), in 1989 - 49 Jews (0.3%). Jews lived in Radomysl from the 16th century. At the time of "Khmelnitchina" Radomysl was ruined; the Jewish population suffered. In the 1 st floor, 18th centure again there is information about the Jews in Radomysl. In 1750, a detachment of Haidamaks plundered the house of a Jewish tenant. In 1754, Radomysl was again defeated; Jewish shops burned, 4 Jews were killed. In 1801 there were six merchants among the Jews of Radomysl. In 1839, the hairdresser A. Lazebnik was accused of killing a Christian girl for ritual purposes. The case ended with the acquittal of the defendant. In 1845 there were seven synagogues in Radomysl. Among the Jews there were 94 merchants. Jews were trading in wood and wool. In 1856, in Radomysl there were 4 heders, in 1873 - a one-class Jewish school. In 1900 there was: an elementary Jewish school, a Jewish school of "Talmudtor" and one heder. Since 1878, the rabbi in Radomysl was Mordhe-Isroel Beregovsky (? -1900), since 1900 - his son Borukh-Bentsion (1867-?). In 1890 - the beginning 1900-ies, the official rabbi in Radomysl was Sender Yakovlevich Grinshpun. In 1892, a Jewish hospital operated (head - Zweifel); there were 8 synagogues. In the end of 19th century, the Hasidic court in Radomysl founded Avrom-Jehoshua-Geshel Tver (? -1919). In 1914 the dynasty was continued by his son Hanokh-Genh (1886-171, Jerusalem). In 1899, in Radomysl there were 3 bookshops with Jewish books. In 1900, the Jews owned 2 printing houses. in 1902-1904 in Radomysl the organization of the Bund arose. In 1905, its members organized a strike in Radomysl. In the early 20 century, many Jews of Radomysl went to other countries. In 1904, a philanthropy was organized in the USA by fellow countrymen. Society "Radomysler Untersicung Verde". In 1908 in Radomysl worked "Society for the care of children of poor Jews." In 1910, there were Talmud-torah, 3 male and 2 female Jewish schools, 12 synagogues, a society for the benefit of poor Jews, Radomysl, there was a Jewish cemetery. In 1912, a Jewish loan and savings partnership operated in Radomysl. Jews owned most of the shops, shops and prom. Industrial enterprises in Radomysl. In 1914 the official rabbi in Radomysl was Tzemach Tzedek's grandson Aron-Mendl Nohum-Zalmanovich Shneerson (1886-?) - owner and director of the Jewish educational institution. In November 1918, a revolution began in Germany, William II was overthrown, and with him came the end of the power of Hetman P. Skoropadsky. Skoropadsky fled, Petliura's troops entered Kiev, the Red Army again moved to Ukraine to annex it to Russia, and terrible times began for the Jews. In 1919, Ukraine became a gigantic battlefield, which simultaneously fought each other - sometimes in unexpected combinations - the regular parts of independent Ukraine, the regiments of the Red Army, the detachments of N. Makhno, the peasant rebels led by their atamans and the Volunteer Army of General A Denikin. Summary data on the pogroms of the period 1917-1920. Kiev gubernia was covered with pogroms (the Berdychiv district - 5 pogroms, the Kiev district - 6 pogroms, Radomysl district - 41 pogroms, Radomysl district with a part of Zhitomir county of Volyn province - 62 pogroms, Skvirsky district - 27 pogroms, Tarashcha district - 16 pogroms, Uman district - 11 pogroms, Cherkassy and Chigirinsky counties -20 pogroms). Total-187 pogroms. The Red Army in 1919 was about ten times larger than the size of the White armies; nevertheless, the Reds accounted for much less Jewish pogrom that year - 106, and the killed - 725, than for the Whites, - 213 pogroms and 5,235 dead. But most of all grief was brought to the Jews by the troops of the Directory - Petliurists, soldiers of the army of independent Ukraine. They accounted for 439 pogroms and almost 17,000 killed - more than on the account of various gangs, also mainly from the Ukrainians: 307 pogroms and 4,615 killed 29. Similar data, but taken from independent sources, also leads Solzhenitsyn: the total number of pogroms - up to 900, 40% of them produced by Petliurists, 25% by Batkas and Atamans, 17% by Denikin and only 8.5% by Reds. Feb. 18 and on March 12-13, 1919, there were pogroms in Radomysl, arranged by parts of the Directory, on March 23-31 - gangs of Ataman Sokolovsky. In May 1919, the Sokolovsky gangs organized another pogrom in Radomysl, during which about 400 Jews were killed, several thousand Jews fled the city. Early in the morning, when the population was still sleeping, the gang of the ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered over Jewish apartments and began killing and robbing. The population caught unexpectedly had no chance to escape anywhere, and in this way over 400 people of different sexes and ages from old men to babies were slaughtered within a few hours. Among the dead was our relative Meer Kagansky is brother Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya) (see below information about the Kagansky family). It should be noted that Radomysl was subjected to repeated pogroms. The last massacre finally disorganized the population, which in panic terror began to scatter in different directions towards the nearest major cities. The total number of refugees from Radomysl reaches 10,000 people.
The population of the city in 1923 was 12,300 people, in 1931 - 12,900 people. By nationality, the city's population in 1931 was divided as follows:
• Jews - 47.7%;
• Ukrainians - 45.7%;
• Russians - 2.25%;
• Germans - 1.58%;
• Poles - 1.26%;
• Czechs - 0.4%;
Others - 1.4%.
In the mid-1920's, in Radomysl there were six synagogues; in 1928 about 80 children were trained in the heder, in 1926 Rabbi B.-B. Beregovsky participated in the congress of rabbis in Korosten. In the 1930s, a synagogue was closed in Radomysl, in the late 1930s - a Jewish school.
The Jewish community of Radomysl was established in the 18th century. In 1797 it numbered 1,424 (80% of the total population), in 1847 it numbered 2,734, and it increased to 7,502 (67%) in 1897. In 1910, Radomysl had Talmud-Torah and five Jewish schools. The district of Radomysl included the communities of Chernobyl (5,526), Korostyshev (4,160), Brusilov (3,575), Malin (2,547) and others. The entire region was influenced by the teaching of the hasidic rabbis of Chernobyl. In the early 19th century, Radomysl had tanneries and flour-mills, and exported timber, corn and mushrooms. http://www.horenstein.org/genealogy/horenstein_radomysl.html
Radomysl and Malin during the Civil War
1917
From March 1917 to January 1918, power in the Radomysl region belonged to the Central Rada, which was headed by the county UCR commissar G. Karbovsky. Ukrainian authorities paid considerable attention to the food issue and the maintenance of order. The situation was aggravated by the war of Soviet Russia against the Ukrainian People’s Republic since December 1917.
April May. An organization of the RSDLP was established in Malin, which took part in the conference of the RSDLP of the North-Western Territory on July 10-12. At this time in the organization, there were 60 people.
The middle of 1917. In Radomysl, the center of the Poalei Zion party was formed, which united more affluent strata of the Jewish population. At its head in Radomysl, the factory owner Upstein (founded by him in 1915, was the tannery became the largest in the region). After the February Revolution of 1917, the centers of the Bund (chairman of Slutsk) and Poalei Zion had significant representation in the city and county governments. Therefore, it was not by chance that the Bolshevik ideologues later recognized that Radomysl in the middle of 1917 was “not a fully proletarian city”, and yet some Jewish workers joined the Bolshevik communist organization, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917. According to 1923 Radomysl city communist organization consisted of 75 members and candidates of the party, 31 of them were Jewish by nationality. Quite a few Jews entered the Council of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies formed in May 1917. The civil war that broke out as a result of the October 1917 coup and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime put Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a noticeable reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing from the arbitrariness of the new government.
December 3rd. The Regional Congress of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (All-Ukrainian Conference of Bolshevik Organizations) was held in Kiev with the participation of representatives from 12 cities. The congress was attended by only 54 delegates, of which 47 representatives were represented with a decisive vote and with a deliberative vote - 7. The city of Radomysl delegated our ancestor Sagalov to the meeting, who represented the Radomysl Bolshevik organization in the amount of 120 people. The meeting formed the Provisional All-Ukrainian Committee of the Workers' Communist Party and decided to elect delegates to the congress.
1918
January. The Bolsheviks proclaim Soviet power in Radomysl, whose executive committee was headed by V.Yadolov.
January. Soviet power was established in Malin. However, in February the Germans entered the city and the Bolsheviks went underground. In the area of the city there were two partisan detachments of the Reds - Drapia and Chernova-Mirutenko, which was rare for the then territory of the Zhytomyr region.
Beginning of 1918. Soviet power was established in Malin.
February 1918 German invaders invaded Malin and established a tough and brutal regime.
The end of February. German troops enter Radomysl, which, according to the agreement of the UPR, help to liberate Ukraine from the Bolshevik invasion. The activities of the UNR are being restored in the city, and again not for long.
From March to December. Kiev and Radomysl were occupied by the Germans.
April 29th. Dissatisfied with the Central Rada, the German command is dispersing the UPR, replacing Hetman Skoropadsky with the government. The struggle against the Kaiser troops, hetmans, led by various political forces, the Bolsheviks headed by G. Vlasenko, and the peasant alliance headed by O. Mizernitsky are spreading.
Spring 1918 On the instructions of the Radomyshl district committee of the RKPb, in the spring of 1918 a large partisan detachment was created in the Malinsky district. He was headed by I.I. Drapiy and I.A. Chernov-Mirutenko.
June 19. The Malinsky partisans successfully conducted a series of military operations: they defeated significant German forces, as well as a punitive squad of Hetmans and occupied the station and the village of Chepovichi, captured 30 guns, 40 machine guns and a lot of other military equipment. Malin became one of the centers of the Bolshevik underground in the Kiev region. It was in Malin that the underground printing house worked. Red partisans "had a hand" to the liberation of Raspberries from the Petliurists in 1919
November 14th A general uprising led by the Directorate, led by S. Petlyura and Vinnichenko. G. Naumenko, his assistant Y. Mordalevich, who pay considerable attention to restoring order and education, become the district commissar in Radomysl district.
1919
The beginning of February. Radomysl and Malin were occupied by the Bolsheviks, but did not have time to properly restore the work of the Soviets, as they were beaten out on February 24 by Sokolovsky troops.
February. Malinsky partisans destroyed a large detachment of Petliurists and captured the Malin station. A few days later they disarmed Petlyura commandant's office
February 16 - 18. The first anti-Jewish pogrom in Radomysl. The gang was led by ataman Dmitry Sokolovsky with the support of Semyon Petlyura and the Ukrainian national army. 44 people were killed.
The end of February. Dm Sokolovsky managed to knock out the Bolsheviks from Radomysl for 6 days and establish his Ataman's power, the Radomyshl Rebel Republic of Sokolovsky, which included the county center Radomysl.
Early March. In connection with the retreat of the UNR forces under the onslaught of the superior Soviet forces on March 2, the Red troops again captured Radomysl and move to Zhytomyr.
March 8. Sokolovsky squad again captures Radomysl. The Bolsheviks are suffering heavy losses, this is aggravated by a mass uprising in April against the Bolshevik policy of "war communism."
March 11 - 13. The second pogrom in Radomysl, hosted by Dm. Sokolovsky. The pogrom lasted 3 days. 33 people were killed and many were injured.
The end of March. The troops of the Red Division under the command of Shchors freed Malin from the Petliurists. Immediately, a local revkom committee was created, and after a few days, the volost committee, chaired by I.I. Drapyi, the former commander of the partisan detachment, and the secretary, V.I.Kanyuk, became chairman.
April 7th. Radomysl is occupied by significant forces of the Red Army, led by the Bolshevik Commissioner Skrypnyk.
April 24th. Radomysl from 3 sides under the threat of Sokolovsky's gangs. It was only on May 9 that a consolidated company was sent to Radomysl from Kiev to liquidate Sokolovsky, which, together with the Radomysl guard company, successfully completed the mission.
25th of April. At night in Gorbula (Radomysl district) detachments of Dm. Sokolovsky broke the Bolsheviks.
Mid May. Dm Sokolovsky knocked out the Red garrison from Radomysl.
May 23-25. The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. On May 23, early in the morning, when the population was still asleep, a gang of ataman Sokolovsky broke into the city, scattered around Jewish apartments and began to kill and rob. Taken aback, the population was not able to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age from old people to babies were killed. They killed them with rifles and cuts, dragged them away from the attics of their victims, pulled them out of the cellars. Before the execution, the bandits forced the Jews to sing "Ukraine has not yet died ...". From the newspaper "Izvestia Volgubrevkoma # 35 dated 06/01/1919:" The pogrom of Sokolovsky in Radomysl - more than 1000 corpses are lying on the Jewish cemetery. "Among those killed was our relative Meer Kagansky, Khan's brother Kagansky (Maloratskaya). His wife Pesya stayed with the three children of Malka, Jacob (16 years old) and younger Oma (4 years old). This massacre completely disorganized the population, which, in panic, began to scatter in different directions towards the nearest major cities. The total number of refugees from Radomysl reached 10,000 (ten thousand ) person*)
*) According to the census, the Jewish population of Radomysl in 1910 was 10450, that is, 69.6% of the population of the city. Up to the moment of the pogrom, 14 thousand Jews lived in the city. Thus, as a result of the pogroms, about 10% of the Jewish population of Radomysl was destroyed, and almost all Jews left the city after the last pogrom. In 1920, the population was 5122 people, that is, not all Jews returned to Radomysl.
May 25th The rebels for a short time again seize the city, leading fierce battles. In the county, special detachments of the Cheka are rampant, in August the leaders of the insurgents D. Sokolovsky, Paly and Vinyavsky, who were in the village of Gorbulev, were killed.
July 31st. In a report to the political editor of July 31, 1919, it was reported that, first of all, the enterprises nationalized in the city: the Kriger and Kogan iron foundries, the Apstein leather factory, the Brenstein, Khandros and Dudkin leather factories.
8 August. For 7 millinovs the Cheka was “bribed” by a traitor (Sokolovsky’s native godfather), who killed Dm in the premises of the Gubilivsk gymnasium at night. Sokolovsky.
August 15. After Dmitry, the Republic of Sokolovsky was headed by his brother Vasily Sokolovsky. He managed to reassemble a rebel detachment, with which he captured Radomysl and cut out a garrison and all representatives of Soviet power in the city (about 500 people).
Summer autumn. The fierce battles in the Malinsky district continued throughout the summer and fall of 1919. The Denikovtsy attacked from the north, and the Petliurists from the west. The 44th division under the command of Shchors acted in this area, and after his death - under the command of Dubov.
September 17th Soviet troops enter into Radomysl. The work of the Revolutionary Committee and its departments is being restored.
October. “Together with other“ red ”units, the Kotovsky group participated in the battle with Petliurists for Tsybulev, in a raid on Zhytomyr and Malin, in the capture of the suburbs of Kiev, in battles for the capital
1920
A division under the command of A. Golikov, better known as writer Arkady Gaidar, entered Radomysl. At the same time, one of the last battles of the civil war took place near Radomysl. Gaidar's division clashed with the cavalry of the Poles. In a bloody battle, the latter suffered a defeat and retreated to Malin. The 7th Infantry Division headed by him smashed the Poles with one swift blow and captured Malin. Polish troops were driven back far beyond the Zhytomyr region. Now they talk a lot about the atrocities of Gaidar himself, that he loved to torture and shoot prisoners with his own hands. However, there is no evidence that in Malin Arkady Petrovich showed his sadistic inclinations.
The beginning of 1920. Jews began to return to Radomysl.
25th of April. Troops led by Marshal Pilsudski launched an offensive against Ukraine. Worthy resistance they did not have. Started the Soviet-Polish war. Radomysl was occupied by the troops of the Third Polish Army. Last but not least, this happened due to the underestimation by the High Command of the importance of the Western Front and the frivolous attitude to the Polish war. As a result, Radomysl, Malin and others were left by the Red Army for a week.
26 April. Radomysl was occupied by the Poles.
April 27th. Polish troops occupied Malin.
the 6th of May. The Poles took Kiev.
In the middle of May. It was possible to stop their progress.
At the beginning of June. Parts of the Western and South-Western fronts of the Red Army went over to the offensive and returned the lost positions. June 12, they entered Kiev. The rebel committee, headed by Y. Mordalevich, continues the fight against the Bolsheviks.
The second half of June. The 14th Cavalry Division of the legendary hero of the Civil War, A.Ya. Parkhomenko, and the 131st Tarashchansky Brigade, freed Malin from the forces of Pan-Polish Poland and established Soviet power there.
1921
November. The last desperate attempt of the UPR units led by Y. Tyutyunnik was made to liberate Ukraine and create an independent state. These events affected the county, but ended heroically and tragically under the town of Bazar, where the remains of rebels who did not submit (359 people) were shot. On this, the mad whirlwind of the civil war stopped with the assertion of Soviet power.
In 1921 - 1922 The population of the county suffered from terrible misfortune — an artificial famine that the Bolsheviks introduced to pacify rebellious Ukraine. In this they are actively helped by the red troops, commanded by G. Kotovsky.
And our ancestors survived all this horror !!!
Bloody 1919 in Radomysl
Anti-Jewish pogroms in Radomysl
February 16 - 18, 1919 The first anti-Jewish pogrom in Radomysl. The gang was led by ataman Dmitry Sokolovsky with the support of Semyon Petlyura and the Ukrainian national army. 44 people were killed.
March 11 - 13, 1919. The second pogrom in Radomysl, organized by Dm. Sokolovsky. The pogrom lasted 3 days. 33 people were killed and many were injured.
May 23 - 25, 1919. The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. Early on the morning of May 23, when the population was still asleep, a gang of ataman Sokolovskiy burst into the city, scattered around Jewish apartments and began to kill and rob. Taken aback, the population was not able to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age from old people to babies were killed. From the newspaper "Izvestia Volgubrevkoma # 35 dated 06/01/1919:" The pogrom of Sokolovsky in Radomysl - more than 1000 corpses are lying on the Jewish cemetery. "Among those killed was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of Chana Kagansky (Maloratsky) “The Kagansky family”).
Anti-Jewish pogroms in Radomysl
February 16 - 18, 1919 The first anti-Jewish pogrom in Radomysl. The gang was led by ataman Dmitry Sokolovsky with the support of Semyon Petlyura and the Ukrainian national army. 44 people were killed.
March 11 - 13, 1919. The second pogrom in Radomysl, organized by Dm. Sokolovsky. The pogrom lasted 3 days. 33 people were killed and many were injured.
May 23 - 25, 1919. The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. Early on the morning of May 23, when the population was still asleep, a gang of ataman Sokolovskiy burst into the city, scattered around Jewish apartments and began to kill and rob. Taken aback, the population was not able to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age from old people to babies were killed. From the newspaper "Izvestia Volgubrevkoma # 35 dated 06/01/1919:" The pogrom of Sokolovsky in Radomysl - more than 1000 corpses are lying on the Jewish cemetery. "Among those killed was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of Chana Kagansky (Maloratsky) “The Kagansky family”).
Meer Kagansky, 1912
(1870 - 1919)
His wife Pesya stayed with three children Malka, Yakov (16 years old) and Oma younger (4 years old) (see the section "Kagansky family" in this Part 1 of Chapter 1).
(1870 - 1919)
His wife Pesya stayed with three children Malka, Yakov (16 years old) and Oma younger (4 years old) (see the section "Kagansky family" in this Part 1 of Chapter 1).
The county town Radomysl of the Kiev province of the early XX century The abbots of St. Nicholas Cathedral: Archpriest Peter Ivanovich Robachkovsky, priest Konstantin Vladimirovich Sluchevsky. Radomysl city government, City mayor Feodosiy Konstantinovich Grincevich Members: Yosif Ivanovich Ignatyuk, Andrei Mikhailovich Chubenko, Secretary Ivan Danilovich Schwab, accountant Adam Viktorovich Kulchitsky, Chief of staff Gregory Titovich Boychenko, Branmeister of the fire brigade Vladimir Antonovich Domashevich, City forest ranger Ivan Baturin, Sanitary doctor Julius Stanislavovich Grodetsky. Uyezd Zemstvo Board. Chairman of the Board - Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich-Barsky. Members: Konstantin Molchanovsky, Pavel Vasilievich Ulsky, Andrei Ivanovich Rebrik; Secretary Ivan Ivanovich Pavlovsky, Zemsky engineer Stanislav Mikhaylovich Mikhailo, Agronomist Viktor Nikolaevich Veselozerov. Radomysl city duma: Vowels: Moshko Abramovich Averbukh, Vasily Grigorovich Bogdanov, Grigory Titovich Boychenko, Roman Romanovich Verzhbitsky, Nikita Ivanovich Voytsehovsky, Grigory Nikodimovich Garbarev, Terenty Andreyevich Grebelnikov, Feodosy Konstantinovich Grincevich, Iosif Ivanovich Ignatyuk, Fedor Dmitrev Kosyuk, Adam Viktorovich Kulchitsky, Semyon Vasilievich Los, Josif Josifovich Marcus, Lev Petrovich Murashko, Trofim Stepanovich Parkhomenko, Vasily Romanovich Podkovinsky, Makari Antonovich Rovinsky, Andrei Mikhailovich Chubenko. Meshchanskaya council. Chairman - Mitrofan Mikhailovich Chubenko. Members: Joseph Avramovich Sagalov (our ancestor, see below), Grigory Stepanovich Levchenko. The town school of Radomysl. Full-time supervisor - Nikita Iovich Finitsky, The scribe - Pyotr Ivanovich Robakovsky, Priest - Leonid Vekentyevich Zagorovsky. Teachers: Vasily Ivanovich Kulikovsky, Pavel Timofeevich Chernyak, Alexander Yevseyevich Olenir, Sozont Vasilyevich Sokolovsky, Mikhail Venediktovich Tarasyuk, Adelia Nikolayevna Sokolovskaya, Elena Maksimovna Melnichukova, Raisa Kulikovskaya, Alexander Ivanovich Strotsky, Sofia Alexandrovna Verlikovskaya; Doctor Julius Stanislavovich Grodetsky, Dentist Aron Borisovich Kochan. Radomyslsky two-year state Jewish school in Radomysl. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. Radomyslsky district military leader of Radomysl. Radomysl district military chief - Colonel Vasily Nikolaevich Bogdanov. Clerk - Prokofy Nikolayevich Ivanov. Radomyslsky district military service in the city of Radomysl. The chairman of the presence, the leader of the presence, the leader of the uyezd nobility - Baron Viktor Viktorovich Ungern-Shterenberg. Members presence: the county military chief, a member of the zemstvo board - Nikolai Vasilievich Ulsky. Clerk - Kosma Yakovlevich Gorbach. Local Committee of the Russian Red Cross Society, Radomysl. The chairman of the committee is the Radomysl district governor of the nobility - Baron Viktor Viktorovich Ungern-Shterenberg. The comrade of the chairman, a member of the Kiev district court - Aleksey Nikolaevich Polyansky. The treasurer of the committee is Kosma Yakovlevich Gorbach. Clerk - Nikolai Osipovich Berezovsky. Members of the Board: Protopriest Peter Ivanovich Robakovsky, Karp Fedorovich Grigoriev, Vasily Grigorievich Bogdanov, Roman Romanovich Verzhbitsky. Commercial and industrial establishments Tannery Geraria Naftulovich Gorenshtein, the Kiev merchant of the first guild; Managing director - philistine Frome Yuzefovich Katz Steam flour mill Moshki Avramov Averbukh, Radomyslsky merchant, Mill manager Mikhel Srulevich Cesis; The steam mill, the mongrel Morbuch Moshkova Zinder and rented by the philistine Ludwig Gotlibov Hasek; The head of the tenant is Hasek; Printing house, nobleman Zakharya Napoleonovich Kozlovsky; The printing house, which belonged to the merchant brother Aizik Liberalovich Mazhbitsu; Printing house, burgher Emo Josiphovich of the Arrival; Carpentry workshop, the philistine Iosi Mirow Podgorny; Iconostasis workshop belonging to the philistine Ivan Mikhailovich Karbovsky; With her 1 worker; Workshop bent furniture, philistine Shmul Avramovich Goldfarb; Steam oviposition, Austrian citizen Dan Danilov Stakhovsky; The manager is the owner of Stakhovsky; By using the factory, the philistine Todris Gdaelev Dudkin; The head is the owner of Dudkin himself; The candy factory, the burgher Moshki Yosev Goldman, the head is the owner himself. Sources: "List of inhabited places of the Kiev province" in 1900, stored in the National Historical Library of Kiev. http://town-and-people.livejournal.com |
From the collection "All Russia for 1902": |
Radomysl demographics of the late 18th century
“Perepisi yevreyskago naseleníya v" yugo-zapadnom" kraye. za 1765-1791”
http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf : “The census of the Jewish population in the south-western region. for 1765-1791. (found Ilya Goldfarb) http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf: Census of Jews in Zhytomyr parish, Kiev Voivodship for 1765 Kagal Radomyselsky shower City Radomysl 117 The census of Jews in the Zhytomyr parish, Kiev Voivodeship for 1775 Kagal Radomyselsky shower houses City Radomysl 20 90 Census of Jews in Zhytomyr parish, Kiev Voivodship for 1778 Kagal Radomyselsky shower houses City Radomysl 18 93 Census of Jews in Zhytomyr parish, Kiev Voivodship for 1784 Kagal Radomyselsky shower houses City Radomysl 42 140 |
The first Maloratskys who settled in Radomysl
In 1795, a government decree was issued, according to which all Jews living in villages were assigned to cities, and then Jews were expelled from villages. Alexander I, who ascended the throne in 1801, seemed to want to solve the Jewish question in the best possible way. But one of the clauses of the "Regulations on the device of the Jews of 1804" condemned them to ruin, to wander, to lose all means of livelihood. This is a clause prohibiting Jews from living in rural areas from holding taverns and inns to rent something. About a quarter of a million Jews lived in the countryside at that time, and these people suddenly lost everything. From January 1, 1808, "no one in any village or village can have any rentals, shreds, taverns and inns ... and even live in them. "
As a result, the shinkar business of Mordechai Shlomovich Maloratsky and his son Moshko, which existed in Malaya Racha approximately from 1775 to 1810, came to an end. Around 1808-1810 Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife, Genya, and two sons, Chaim and Avrum, moved from Malaya Racha to Radomysl (see the above documents *)). These four founders of our kind were the first of the Maloratskys to be in Radomysl. Two other sons of Mordechai, Shlomo and Moshko, moved to Malin. Then, in Radomysl, Chaim and Avrum had families:
Chaim Mordukhovich (1791 - 1833); wife Meryem (1790 - 1829), second wife Dina; children: Ginach (b.1826) (adopted the Christian faith in 1842), Itzko (b.1814) (was recruited at the age of 17), Avrum (b.1810), Mordechai ( b.1822) (is the direct ancestor of our Maloratsky branch) (named after the grandfather of Mordechai Shlomovich), Feiga (b.1832 from the second marriage). Chaim lived with his father in Malaya Racha until 1808. He was without last name, and then moved with his father from Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky. Avrum Mordukhovich (1795 - 1818) (Avrum was named after his great-grandfather who died by that time - Abram); wife Ita (b.1796); son Shmul (b.1816); daughter of Chaya Tsivia (b.1812); Avrum was without last name, and then in 1808 he moved with his father from Malaya Rachi in Radomysl and acquired the name Maloratsky.
*) "List of Jews of Radomysl Povet by villages and villages inhabiting, renting taverns, taverns, inns, and other establishments for selling wine related. St. in which year they should move from their place of residence to the City of Radomysl and of other This Povet town. January 16th day of 1808 was composed. " (see below).
Chronological Table of direct relatives of Lev Maloratsky, who lived in Radomysl:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name, patronymic, last name Degree Years of life Year of appearance Reason Year
Kinship in Radomysl departure departure
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai Shlomovich Maloratsky 1753-1815 1805 death 1815
Genya Maloratskaya wife of Mordechai 1760-1814 1805
Khaim Morduchovich Maloratsky son of Mordechai 1790-1833 1805 death 1833
Maryam Maloratsky first wife of Khaim 1795-1822 death 1822
Dina Maloratsky second wife of Khaim 1814 - ?
Mordechai Khaimovich Maloratsky son of Khaim 1822 - ?
Rukhlya Maloratsky wife of Mordechai 1822 - ?
Khaim Morduchovich Maloratsky son of Mordechai 1847 -? moving to Malin
Rysya Maloratsky wife of Khaim 1850 - ? moving to Malin
Mordechai (Mark) Khaimovich Maloratsky . son of Khaim ? - 1942 ~ 1874 moving to Kiev ~ 1828
German Markovich Maloratsky son of Mordechai 1910 - 1941 1910 moving to Kiev ~ 1828
father of Lev Maloratsky
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The first general population census of the Russian Empire was conducted in 1987, and since that time no population audits have been conducted in Russia. The census was carried out as of January 28, 1897 under the leadership of the well-known Russian geographer and the statistics of P.P. Semenov-Tian-Shansky. To collect information on the population, census forms were used, which included: name (instead of last name, name, patronymic, you can call a nickname, and instead of one name - several), marital status, relationship to the head of the economy, gender, age, estate, religion, place of birth , place of residence, place of residence, native language, literacy, occupation, physical disabilities.
According to the "First General Population Census of the Russian Empire of 1897", in the Radomysl district of the Kiev province there were 158,912 men, 160,104 women, both sexes 319,016, including in Radomysl 11.094. As will be shown below, in 1897 there were 7,502 Jews in Radomysl, i.e. 69% of the city's population.
Stunning statistics:
The Jewish population of Radomysl:
1765 - 117
1775 - 90*)
1778 - 93
1784 - 147
1789 - 204
1791 - 300
After the second partition of Poland - January 23, 1793 and the third section - October 24, 1795:
1797 - 1424 (80%)
1801 - 1474 (65%)
1848 - 2803 (1337 man, 1466 wom.)**)
1864 - 1808
1887 - 3260
1897 - 7502 (69%)
1900 - 7999 (71%)
1910 - 10 450 (69,6%)
1913 - 41501 (42%)
1926 - 4637 (36%)***)
1934 - 5300 (47.7 %)****)
1939 - 2348 (20,1%)
1970 - 50
1989 - 55 (0,3%)
2001 - 13
2015 ~ 10
According to the general census carried out in the Russian Empire in 1797, there were 1,829 inhabitants in Radomysl, of whom 1,424 were Jews. And already in 1801, 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jewish merchants, 939 Christian burghers, 1474 Jewish citizens lived in the city. The proportion of the Jewish population in Radomysl gradually increased, although for Jews under tsarizm conditions these were difficult times.
The population of the city in 1931 was 12,900 people. By nationality, the population of the city in 1931 was divided as follows:
Jews, 47.7%; Ukrainians - 45.7%; Russians - 2.25%; Germans - 1.58%; Poles - 1.26%; Czechs - 0.4%; others - 1.4%.
Comments on the changes in the Jewish population in Radomysl:
*) The decrease in the number of Jews in 1775 compared with 1765 is obviously due to the fact that in the spring of 1768 the Zaporozhian Maxim Zaliznyak formed the Haidamak detachment and moved to the south, smashing the landlord estates and completely destroying Poles and Jews. In addition to the main detachment of the Haidamaks of Zaliznyak, in the summer of 1768 there were many other groups, including the Haidamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko in the Radomysl district.
**) The doubling of the Jewish population from 1801 to 1848 is due to the fact that in 1804 the document "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" was published. The decree of October 19, 1807, contained a relatively detailed plan for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages:
A document of the time of 1808 regulating the said "eviction of Jews from rural areas" (https://pra.in.ua):
List of Jews of the Radomyslsky Povet in villages and villages living, renting shinki, taverns, inns and other establishments for selling wine related. The exponent in which year, who of them should move from the place of their stay in the city of Radomysl and other things of this city of the town. January 16, 1808 was composed |
***) The civil war that broke out as a result of the October coup in 1917, and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime, put Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a marked reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing the tyranny of the new government. The sharp decrease in the number of Jews in 1926 (4.637) compared with 1913 (41.501) is primarily due to the pogroms in Radomysl in 1919, learned by the gangs of Ataman Sokolovsky and others.
In 1926, there were 4,637 Jews in the city (36 percent of the total population).
****) However, already in 1934, the report of the Radomysl City Council testifies to the growth of the Jewish stratum in the city to 5.3 thousand (47.7%). Obviously, rural Jews moved to the city, who were saved from forced collectivization and associated repression and the famine of 1932-1933.
During the period of the German-fascist occupation of the city, the Jews who remained in Radomysl were exterminated by the invaders. In August 1941, about 1,500 Jews were shot in the tract near the Kuzmich farm and in the ravine near the river Cherchi.
Sources:
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/
Statistics for 1765-1791 years: "Census of the Jewish population in the south-western region for 1763-1791." http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf Http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
"The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897"
https://books.google.com/booksid=VMYbDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT498&lpg=PT498&dq=гайдамаки+в+Радомысле&source=bl&ots=UxlvR7Bg3C&sig=uGdf_nbteMngGQsi8DVDJcW
Percentage ratio of Jews of Radomysl to the general population by years:
______________________________________________________________________
years: 1797 1801 1897 1900 1910 1913 1926 1934 1939 1989
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% ratio: 80 65 69 71 69.6 42 36 47.7 20.1 0.3
__________________________________________________________________________
This table clearly illustrates the historical processes that directly affected the Jews of Radomysl, and, in particular, our ancestors. The decline in the number of Jews in 1926 compared with 1910 is due to the most severe Jewish pogroms (especially in 1919) and the immigration of Jews to America and Palestine. These events, which directly touched our ancestors, are described in this Chapter. In 1926, the city had 4.637 Jews (36% of the total population). However, already in 1934, the report of the Radomysl City Council testifies to the growth of the Jewish stratum in the city to 5,300 people. (47.7%). Obviously, rural Jews moved to the city, who were saved from forced collectivization and associated repression and the famine of 1932-1933. The prevailing was the representation of Jews in the city council, elected in 1931. Of the 76 members of the city council, there were 47 Jews. However, as a result of repression, this representation has undergone changes during its term of office. Therefore, the composition of the city council changed by more than 3/4. The Holocaust during the war years was the cause of a sharp decrease in the number of Jews (see 1989 and 1939).
According to the 1989 census, there were only 55 Jews in the Radomysl district, mainly in Radomysl. Subsequently, the number was further reduced, because only in the last five years of the 20th century. 36 inhabitants of the region left for permanent residence in Israel. Therefore, according to the 2001 census, only 13 Jews were registered in the district. It is interesting that Jewish researchers attributed the decline of the city in the Soviet period to the reduction of the Jewish population in it. Given the economic crisis and the stagnation of the economy of the region on the border of the second and third millennia, arguments against such an assertion are difficult to find.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
Newspaper "Zorya Polissya", 13 herbalists, 17 chernivnya, 15 lipnja 2000 "National Menshini Pravoberejnoy Ukrainy: історія і сучасність". Materily of the International Science and Education Conference. Naukovy zbirnik "Velika Volyn" - volume 18. Zhitomir: Wolin, 1998 - from. 66-68. - ISBN 966-7390-56-X
Газета «Зоря Полісся», 13 травня, 17 червня, 15 липня 2000 р. «Національні меншини Правобережної України: історія і сучасність». Матеріали Міжнародної науково-краєзнавчої конференції. Науковий збірник «Велика Волинь» - т. 18 . Житомир : Волинь, 1998 р. - с. 66-68 . - ISBN 966-7390-56-X
"Census of the Jewish population in the south-western province for the years 1763-1791" (materials found by Ilya Goldfarb)
http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
Census of Jews in Zhitomir parish, Kiev Voivodship
25 October 1789 _________________________________________________________ Place man wom. child. adult child. minor total ________ ___________ son daugh. son daugh. ________________________________________________________ местечко Radomysl: homeowners 17 17 6 5 3 10 merchants 7 8 2 3 2 4 artisans 11 11 4 2 2 5 204 shinkari*) 3 3 1 1 employees 13 12 factory owners 1 1 maid 1 1 ________________________________________________________ *) most likely, it was the family of Shloma (the 1st generation of Maloratsky) |
Census of Jews in Zhitomir parish, Kiev Voivodship
1791 __________________________________________________________ Place man wom. children total ___________ son daugh. местечко Radomysl 88 96 66 50 300 __________________________________________________________________ |
Reference: The main problem in the field of taxation of Jews in the early 19th century. Was concealing from the censuses. This problem was inherited by Russia from Poland: there during the census conducted in 1768 on the eve of the introduction of the general tax, 16,689 Jews were counted, while before the beginning of the census it was estimated that about 200 thousand 718 were living in their country, and the census of 1788 (even taking into account the fact that it was conducted in the territory, which decreased because of the first section), a result of 308516 people was obtained. The problem of concealment from censuses, and therefore taxes, was relevant to the entire taxable population of the Russian Empire, but the Jews had not only utilitarian but also religious reasons for concealment from accounting. The rabbis argued that in the Old Testament times the Jewish people, who agreed to be recounted, were punished with plague.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
List of Jewish families of Radomysl in 1818 *)
Abramovich (3), Alpern (5), Banchschik (5), Baranovsky (7), Baranopol (3), Beizal (6), Belorussian (14), Belokrenitsky (10), Belotkolsky (4), Belotserkonsky (2), Benzan (6), Berezin (3), Berezansky (6), Berezsky (3), Berestonsky (2), Berno Abramovich (b / f) (6), Birygrin (1), Grateful (5), Large (6) , Borschevsky (5), Bransit (4), Bransky (3), Brodniy (3), Brusilovsky (2), Budilovsky (7), Budnitsky (6), Burstein (5), Bybylolsky (3), Biloprofitsky (3) , Weinstein (1), Vekslyar (2), Weshtl (1), Vidiborsky (9), Viltenskaya (7), Wilshper (4), Vinetsky (1), Virlootsky (5), Water Carrier (6), Vorsovetsky (2) , Vygo ny (2), Vyshevitsky (1), Geiner (3), Galper (2), Garbar (2), Giserman (3), Gliklich (1), Goldinsky (12), Gorbigonsky (4), Gorbulensky (6), Gorodetsky (4), Greenberg (4), Gutnik (11), Degtyar (3), Dranitsky (5), Droshay (3), Friends (4), Dubensky (4), Dudkin (4), Angelica (5), Zhitnik (3), Zabolotsky (8), Zayezdny (9), Zaytsen (7), Zakon (3), Zabolotsky (6), Zubon (6), Zanopol (3), Zapodnin (4), Zarubinsky (1), Zubok (4), Kazzhe (1), Kalervitsky (4), Kamaron (4), Kanapolsky (1), Karabachinsky (2), Katz (4), Kachpiransky (2), Kobrin (4), Kozhennik (5), Komarovsky (2), Konson (5), Korostshinsky (5), Kotlyar (8), K Tonsky (2), Kotchinsky (2), Koshelyonsky (3), Krasatnitsky (3), Krikun (2), Krinitsky (6), Kripun (2), Kruchenetsky (3), Kudlin (2), Kushnir (2), Kutsy (2), Shopkeeper (2), Lightin (10), Leipeev (2), Lepionsky (1), Lisichna (2), Litvinchuk (2), Litinsky (4), Litpin (2), Lyakholetsky (4), Mazur (4), Makaronsky (2), Maloratsky (4), Matusionich (3), Moldansky (3), Minalaisky (7), Manapolsky (3), Manarinsky (3), Mednin (5), Melninol (4), Medninal (3), Mednipon (5), Meidel (8), Metelnin (4), Minchin (4), Mininsky (4), Modilensky (4), Modinsky (7), Moldansky (7), Morogonsky (12), Morochnin (3), Mostony (12), Muchnik (5), Above mountain (6), Napan (7), Naroditsky (7), Narodnichny (3), Nakhshin (3), Insufficient (4), Nolin (3), Obvozchin (1), Oprutsky (4), Oftsipenko (2), Often (4), Renospin (2), Piliponetsky (8), Pinsky (2), Pichpironsky (2), Carpenter (2), Podgorsky (7), Podgorny (4), Polony (10), Poltshun (4), Tailor (4), Potashnik (4), Potyensky (7), Pribludnik (2), Priitsky (4), Proparny (4), Pulnik (3), Rabinovich (9), Ratsky (4), Horny (3), Rogopon (4), Radomyslsky (7), Reitzen (1), Rapoport (18), Resnick (11), Reisintal (6), Hornomy (1), Rozhensky (2), Rudnitsky (12), Rudy (3), Rusaponsky (9), Salogubenko (6), Sandler (5), Sapozhni (3), Svidensky (3), Semdun (6), Slipak (3), Slipchitsky (5), Slobodsky (3), Sluzhdenny (2), Spivak (12), Spidtolsky (3), Stanetsky (6), Starodinsky (5), Starogoletsky (5), Starosteletsky (4), Starubinsky (4), Stembarch (2), Stanetsky (4), Stolnitsky (2), Stopan (4), Studenitsky (4), Stupnitsky (3), Tabachnik (3), Topoletsky (8), Torchinsky (10), Torchinsky (9), Trachtenberg (8), Rabinovich (4), Torchinsky (2), Fabricant (3), Factor (3), Fastichansky (8), Fastopsky (5), Furman (4), Futorinsky (6), Khodoronsky (4), Tsesarsky (17), Chaykonsky (6), Chevilensky (2), Chernihonsky (2), Chernobyl (3), Chernyavs cue (4), Cherpony (6), Choponetsky (7), Chudinsky (5), Shilyar (2), Shkoyvsky (1), Schoolboy (3), Shpentor (12), Spit (4), Shtenberg (13), Elgort (24), Elter (4), Yuronsky (3), Yablochnik (1), Yaromoy (3), Yaropon (3)
Total: 224 families, 1082 Jews.
From the above list it follows that before 1818 in Radomysl were our ancestors of Maloratskys, Radomyslskys, Zakons and Spivaki.
Our ancestors Sagalovs, Kagansky and Kaganovsky appeared in Radomysl later, as will be discussed in this Part 1 of Chapter 1.
*) This list is compiled on the basis of Radomysl fairy tales in 1816 and 1818 and does not include a number of last names (approximately 10%), which could not be accurately reproduced.
If, according to the data of the fifth revision of 1795, Jews were referred to as merchants or petty bourgeois, then, beginning with the sixth revision of 1811 (ie, the first revision after 1804), they are distributed in the revision tales according to four states: in 1811, in the empire, not counting women, there were 4814 merchants, 113511 burghers, 208 manufacturers, 21195 craftsmen, 13,925 farmers. In the first half of the 19th century. Small trade was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; moreover, in the Jewish environment there was a certain number of rich merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
One of the main occupations of Polish Jews in the late 18th century was trading. Jews controlled three quarters of exports and one-tenth of imports. Numerous Jewish merchants appeared in the cities. Among our ancestors merchants were:
Yos Chaskelevich Sagalov (1789 - after 1850) - merchant of the 3rd guild,
Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811-1848) - a merchant of the 3rd guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna (1820-1818) - a merchant,
Hershka Meerovich Sagalov (1832-1908) - merchant of the 2nd Guild in St. Petersburg **),
Aron Leibovich Sagalov - merchant of the 2nd Guild in St. Petersburg *),
Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-?) Radomysl, M. Chernobyl, merchant,
Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky (~ 1840-?), Radomysl, merchant.
*) "Jews are trade people, not philanthropists, and the commercial mindset always seeks to find all sorts of means to earn money by meeting existing or emerging demand," Nikolai Leskov. "Jews in Russia" https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/15f2704261b159cc?projector=1
**) The decree of December 23, 1791, was finally established: for all merchants of the 1st and 2nd guild, by virtue of Art. 104 and 110 of the City Regulation the right to conduct wholesale trade throughout the territory of the empire. The Senate motivated this by the fact that, since Jews bear state obligations, even in a double amount, they have the right to receive benefits from trade on a par with Russians, and therefore they can send Jewish clerks with goods. http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
After the guild reform in 1775, the merchants were divided into three guilds according to the size of the declared capital. The minimum size of the declared capital increased
Table: capital required for entry into the guild:
Years 1775 1785 1794 1807
The first guild, rubles 10 000 10 000 16 000 50 000
The second guild, rubles 1 000 5 000 8 000 20 000
Third guild, rubles 500 1 000 2 000 8 000
At this time in Poland there were many Jewish artisans - tailors, shoemakers, furriers, jewelers, carpenters, masons, tanners, blacksmiths. Many Jewish craft organizations were established; almost all the towns had Jewish shops. In 1815, about 200 thousand Jews lived in the Kingdom of Poland, and in 1831, according to the audit reports - about 430 thousand. The main occupations of the Jewish population were shirk, tenantry, trade and craft. Jews played a significant role in the development of industry and trade in Poland.
According to this table, "The state of the cities of the Russian Empire ... 1842 ...", in Radomysl there were 2 merchants of the 1st guild and 22 merchants of the 3rd guild, and 6 years later in 1848 the number of merchants of the 3rd guild increased to 35 (see the table below).
The most interesting statistics are: The total number of inhabitants of Radomysl in 1842 was 4505 people, and the Jews in 1848 were 2803 (see below), i.e. about 60%; There were 7 factories and factories, 22 workers on them.
Merchants of the 1st guild *) Radomysl (1908) http://rusgenealogy.clan.su/publ/1-1-0-43:
Gorinstein G.N.
Gorinstein S.N.
The merchant of the first guild of the Jews could diligently overlook the Pale, pogroms and murders. Could give his son to the gymnasium, at the same time, however, paying for the training of another student - not of Jewish nationality.
The most interesting are the following statistics:
The total number of inhabitants of Radomysl in 1842 was 4505 people, and in 1848 Jews were 2803 (see below), i.e. about 60%;
there were 7 factories and plants; there were 22 workers in them.
Dramatic changes in Radomysl occurred by 1848, almost 50 years after 1791:
https://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01003862813#?
And these are the changes that occurred in Radomysl for 65 years from 1848 to 1913:
“The whole South-Western Territory” (ed. 1st, ed. -L: tv W.F.M. and P.E.Volsov, Kiev, 1913, 1177 pages
http://elib.nplu.org/view.html?&id=7492:
Merchants of the 1st guild *) Radomysl (1908) http://rusgenealogy.clan.su/publ/1-1-0-43:
Gorinstein G.N.
Gorinstein S.N.
The merchant of the first guild of the Jews could diligently overlook the Pale, pogroms and murders. Could give his son to the gymnasium, at the same time, however, paying for the training of another student - not of Jewish nationality.
The most interesting are the following statistics:
The total number of inhabitants of Radomysl in 1842 was 4505 people, and in 1848 Jews were 2803 (see below), i.e. about 60%;
there were 7 factories and plants; there were 22 workers in them.
Dramatic changes in Radomysl occurred by 1848, almost 50 years after 1791:
https://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01003862813#?
And these are the changes that occurred in Radomysl for 65 years from 1848 to 1913:
“The whole South-Western Territory” (ed. 1st, ed. -L: tv W.F.M. and P.E.Volsov, Kiev, 1913, 1177 pages
http://elib.nplu.org/view.html?&id=7492:
Radomysl - Orthodox 247.317; Judea 41.501; PK 14.801; Lut. 6.495; Art. 4.729 Total: 315.629; sweat nobles 2.974; persons rural 218.101; burgher 89.885
Striking changes in Radomysl occurred by 1848, almost 50 years after 1791:
Striking changes in Radomysl occurred by 1848, almost 50 years after 1791:
And these are the changes that happened in Radomysl in 65 years from 1848 to 1913:
"The entire South-Western Territory" (published in the first, ed.: L.M. Fisch and P.E. Vol'sov, Kiev, 1913, 1177 pages)
http://elib.nplu.org/view.html?&id=7492:
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Information from the site
Vitaly Buryak
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/
In Radomysl, Jews lived since the 16th century. During the Khmelnitsky robbery, the Jewish population was exterminated. After this, the Jews began to settle in Radomysl only in the first part of the 18th century. In 1750 the detachment of the Gaydamaks searched the house of the Jewish tenant. In 1754, in Radomysl after the robbery, Jewish shops were burned and four Jews were killed.
Информация с сайта
Vitaly Buryak
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/
After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Radomysl was transferred to Russia and became the uyezd center of Volyn (1795), and then Kiev (1797-1925) provinces.
According to the general population census conducted in Russia in 1797, there were 1829 inhabitants in Radomysl, out of them 1424 Jews, аnd already in 1801 in the city lived 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jewish merchants, 939 Christian-philistines, 1474 Jewish townspeople.
In 1839, the hairdresser A. Lazebnik was accused of killing a Christian girl for ritual purposes. The court ended with the defendant's acquittal. In Radomysl in 1845, there were seven synagogues. Among the Jews there were 94 merchants. Jews traded wood and wool. In Radomysl in 1878, the rabbi was Mordhe - (? -1900) Isroel Beregovsky, from 1900 - his son, Baruch-Bentsion (1867 -?). In 1890 - the beginning of the official rabbi of the 1900s was Sender Yakovlevich Grinshpun. In 1892, there was a Jewish hospital (the head of the hospital was Zweifel), 8 synagogues operated. In the late 19th century. The Hasidic court was founded by Avrom-Yehoshua-Geshel Tverskoy (? -1919). In 1914, the dynasty was continued by his son Enoch-Geneh (1886-1971, Jerusalem). In 1899, there were three bookstores with Jewish books. In 1900, the Jews owned 2 printing houses. In 1900, the city had one house of tolerance, in which four women were engaged in prostitution. In 1904, Radomysl's brotherhood in the United States created the charitable organization "Radomysler unterzitsung vereyn". In 1908 in Radomysl worked "Society for the care of a child of poor Jews." In 1910, there were the Talmud Torah, 3 male and 2 female secondary schools, 12 synagogues, a society for helping poor Jews, a Jewish cemetery. In 1912, there was a Jewish Savings and Loan Society.The Jews owned a large number of shops and industrial enterprises. There were 161 Jewish artisans out of a total of 198. In the years 1902-1904, the Bund organizations appeared. In the early 20 century, many Jews left Radomysl and emigrated to other countries. In 1914, the official rabbi was the grandson of Tsemakh Tzedek Aron-Mendel Nokhum - Zalmanovich Shneerson (1886 -?). He was the owner and director of the Jewish school. Pogroms in Radomysl: February 18, 1919 and March 12-13, 1919, organized by the military units Directory, March 23-31, 1919 - Sokolovsky gang. In May 1919 the Sokolovsky gang organized another pogrom in Radomysl, during which about 400 Jews were killed and several thousand fled to other towns and settlements.
In one of these pogroms our ancestor Meer Kagansky was killed. Many refugees arrived in Kiev, with them fourteen orphaned children, each of whom lost both parents in the massacre. All day people showered them with presents. In 1920, six synagogues operated in Radomysl. In 1928 there were about 80 pupils in the heder. In 1926, the rabbi of Radomysl B.Beregovsky participated in the congress of rabbis in Korosten. In the 1930s, the synagogue was closed there. In the late 1930s, Jewish schools were closed. In 1926 there were 4637 Jews in Radomysl (36 percent of the total population) in 1939 their number was reduced to 2348 (20 percent of the total population).
Vitaly Buryak
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/
In Radomysl, Jews lived since the 16th century. During the Khmelnitsky robbery, the Jewish population was exterminated. After this, the Jews began to settle in Radomysl only in the first part of the 18th century. In 1750 the detachment of the Gaydamaks searched the house of the Jewish tenant. In 1754, in Radomysl after the robbery, Jewish shops were burned and four Jews were killed.
Информация с сайта
Vitaly Buryak
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/
After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Radomysl was transferred to Russia and became the uyezd center of Volyn (1795), and then Kiev (1797-1925) provinces.
According to the general population census conducted in Russia in 1797, there were 1829 inhabitants in Radomysl, out of them 1424 Jews, аnd already in 1801 in the city lived 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jewish merchants, 939 Christian-philistines, 1474 Jewish townspeople.
In 1839, the hairdresser A. Lazebnik was accused of killing a Christian girl for ritual purposes. The court ended with the defendant's acquittal. In Radomysl in 1845, there were seven synagogues. Among the Jews there were 94 merchants. Jews traded wood and wool. In Radomysl in 1878, the rabbi was Mordhe - (? -1900) Isroel Beregovsky, from 1900 - his son, Baruch-Bentsion (1867 -?). In 1890 - the beginning of the official rabbi of the 1900s was Sender Yakovlevich Grinshpun. In 1892, there was a Jewish hospital (the head of the hospital was Zweifel), 8 synagogues operated. In the late 19th century. The Hasidic court was founded by Avrom-Yehoshua-Geshel Tverskoy (? -1919). In 1914, the dynasty was continued by his son Enoch-Geneh (1886-1971, Jerusalem). In 1899, there were three bookstores with Jewish books. In 1900, the Jews owned 2 printing houses. In 1900, the city had one house of tolerance, in which four women were engaged in prostitution. In 1904, Radomysl's brotherhood in the United States created the charitable organization "Radomysler unterzitsung vereyn". In 1908 in Radomysl worked "Society for the care of a child of poor Jews." In 1910, there were the Talmud Torah, 3 male and 2 female secondary schools, 12 synagogues, a society for helping poor Jews, a Jewish cemetery. In 1912, there was a Jewish Savings and Loan Society.The Jews owned a large number of shops and industrial enterprises. There were 161 Jewish artisans out of a total of 198. In the years 1902-1904, the Bund organizations appeared. In the early 20 century, many Jews left Radomysl and emigrated to other countries. In 1914, the official rabbi was the grandson of Tsemakh Tzedek Aron-Mendel Nokhum - Zalmanovich Shneerson (1886 -?). He was the owner and director of the Jewish school. Pogroms in Radomysl: February 18, 1919 and March 12-13, 1919, organized by the military units Directory, March 23-31, 1919 - Sokolovsky gang. In May 1919 the Sokolovsky gang organized another pogrom in Radomysl, during which about 400 Jews were killed and several thousand fled to other towns and settlements.
In one of these pogroms our ancestor Meer Kagansky was killed. Many refugees arrived in Kiev, with them fourteen orphaned children, each of whom lost both parents in the massacre. All day people showered them with presents. In 1920, six synagogues operated in Radomysl. In 1928 there were about 80 pupils in the heder. In 1926, the rabbi of Radomysl B.Beregovsky participated in the congress of rabbis in Korosten. In the 1930s, the synagogue was closed there. In the late 1930s, Jewish schools were closed. In 1926 there were 4637 Jews in Radomysl (36 percent of the total population) in 1939 their number was reduced to 2348 (20 percent of the total population).
Here is what, for example, was reported in the newspaper "Kievlyanin" on April 18, 1880: "The fire in Radomysl. A terrible disaster struck the city. On April 14, at 11 o'clock in the afternoon, a shed of the Jew of the tailor Peisi Yasnogorodsky was lit up and for 2:00 it was not two blocks of the city. With a strong wind, then passed into a hurricane, the fire with terrible speed swept two quarters and destroyed everything to the ground. No salvation could be expected, especially in the absence of a fire brigade and tools. What can make some seven or eight firefighters in the fire, which covered for half an hour a space of 10 or more thousand square fathoms. Here it was possible only one thing: sauve qui peut (save what you can - fr.). "Exactly one year later on April 22, 1881 the situation repeated. In Radomysl, a great fire broke out at midnight, again. This time, the shops in the Trade Square were damaged, as well as 36 wooden and 2 stone houses, 24 temporary booths. As it was noted in the official communication, the fire started from the trade shop of Vinensky, which was locked at 10 pm. Goods from other shops managed to be taken out. Unfortunately, these were not isolated cases, which caused significant damage and losses to people. In 1888 in Radomysl, the well-known composer and musician Pyotr Tchaikovsky made a charity concert, the collected money from which was donated to the aid of the fire victims. This concert was given in the building of the male gymnasium (see below).
|
Source: "All of Russia for 1895"
Rabbi Mordechai Israel Tversky, son of Rabbi Abraham Joshua Radomysl Heskel of Tver. Both were killed during the pogrom in May 1919. At the end of the 19th century, At the Hasidic court was founded Avrom - Yehoshua - Geshel Tversky (? -1919). In 1914, the dynasty was continued by his son Enoch - Geneh (1886-1971, Jerusalem) http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/ In 1878, the rabbi was Mordhe - (? -1900) Isroel Beregovsky, since 1900 - his son, Baruch - Benzion (1867 -?). In 1890 - the beginning of the official rabbi of the 1900s in the were Sender Yakovlevich Grinshpun. In 1892 there was a Jewish hospital (Head of the hospital - Zweifel), there were 1 synagogue and 6 Jewish prayer houses. The grave of Barry Tversky. Represented people Radomysl, who buried him http://radomyshl.lk.net/btfaces.html Only recently, at the Radomysl kirkut (Jewish cemetery), the burial of the holy tzadik and righteous Abraham Eoshua Tverskoy, grandson of the Rebbe Nachman, the brotherhood of the Brazlavs, highly esteemed. Together with his son, he was shot in 1919. Here is buried the younger son of the founder of the Hasidic movement, the Chabad Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Lyad-Moshe. |
Very old map of Ukraine (1648). It's so old that the South is upstairs, and the North is below. On it you can find Radomysl
The old map of Radomysl
http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-29-27
"Кирп." - Brick factories, which in 1848 produced 50,000 bricks in the amount of 2,144 rubles.
"Кож." - Leather plants, which in 1848 had four with products worth 2.144 rubles.
"Кл." - Cemeteries. At the Jewish cemetery, located 1 km to the north-west of the city, about 3000 graves, mostly Jewish.
"Сук." - Cloth factory.
"Папирня" - the suburb of Radomysl, where there was a paper mill.
"Папирня" - house forester.
Photos of Radomysl
http://radomyshl.lk.net/index.html http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/tag/Радомишль
"These postcards were published by my great-grandfather E. Zaezdny in Radomysl, where Eli owned a printing house, sold books, paper and stationery, published a local newspaper, and ran a library." Radomyshl resident Alexander Pirogov had been collecting these postcards for the last 30 years. Me as a descendant of E.Zaezdny. I saw the postcards, restored them. Further you can see the images of Radomysl that were created about 100 years ago ... Eli Kislyuk " http://radomyshl.lk.net/postcards.html
Among the photographs below, there are postcards with the corresponding inscriptions on them.
Rivers and Bridges of Radomysl
Three bridges "at Radomysl across the river and its sleeves ... good wooden, high by 1 sazhen from the water": the first bridge across Mika with a length of 140 sozh. (Sazhen - 2.134 meters), the second - through the grouse with a length of 120 sazh., The third - through the sleeve of the Teteriv - 130 soot.
http ://radomyshl.blogspot.ru/2016/05/blog-post_25.html
http ://radomyshl.blogspot.ru/2016/05/blog-post_25.html
Wooden bathhouse on the Teterev river in Radomysl
(Photo from the funds of the Museum of Local Lore, M. Korostyshev) |
The Miuka River flowed along the modern channel of the Teterev and flowed into it about a kilometer under the current main bridge. From this it becomes clear why Radomysl is mentioned in historical documents as a city that is located on the left bank of Miuka, and not Teterev. The map shows that the beds of two rivers, even before the main point of confluence, were interconnected by a network of channels. A creek flows through them, which flows into a small second channel (sleeve) of the Teterevea in the south of Rudny (now the lakes system remains on this line). Now these settlements are part of Radomysl. On Rudnya, one big Rudnyanskaya street is distinguished. This is the oldest street, whose name is a derivative of the name of Rudnya ("mine" - a small enterprise for the smelting of iron).
https://vk.com/3httpsvk.comclub105414251 |
The Jewish community took care of the socio-cultural and spiritual development of its co-religionists. In the city there was a synagogue and 7 prayer houses. True, this region was influenced by the attitudes of the rabbi from Chernobyl. In Radomysl, Jewish educational institutions operated - the heder and the Talmud-Torah school. There was a Jewish hospital, there was a Jewish canteen, a bathhouse. Known was a chapel of Jewish musicians - klezmer under the leadership of N. Weinstein. There was a charitable society for the care of poor Jewish children (it was headed by I. Hoffman)*). Until now, there is a Jewish cemetery in the city. The three rivers are Myk, Sucharka and Teterev.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
*) "If you consider non-obligatory donations for public affairs of education and the blessing of creation to be considered as valor, then everyone knows that Jewish capitalists in Russian affairs are not the last in Russia. However, in our opinion, Jewish charity is of much greater importance the very same Jewry ... It is almost impossible to indicate another nationality, where his sympathy would be so great and active as in Jewry. " N. Leskov http://az.lib.ru/l/leskow_n_s/text_0142.shtml
.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
*) "If you consider non-obligatory donations for public affairs of education and the blessing of creation to be considered as valor, then everyone knows that Jewish capitalists in Russian affairs are not the last in Russia. However, in our opinion, Jewish charity is of much greater importance the very same Jewry ... It is almost impossible to indicate another nationality, where his sympathy would be so great and active as in Jewry. " N. Leskov http://az.lib.ru/l/leskow_n_s/text_0142.shtml
.
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/1372-oleksandr-pirogov-legendi-radomishlya.html
Full-time supervisor - Nikita Iovich Finitsky, a scribe - Peter Ivanovich Robakovsky, a priest - Leonid Vekentyevich Zagorovsky. Teachers: Vasily Ivanovich Kulikovsky, Pavel Timofeevich Chernyak, Alexander Yevseyevich Olenir, Sozont Vasilyevich Sokolovsky, Mikhail Venediktovich Tarasyuk, Adelia Nikolayevna Sokolovskaya, Elena Maksimovna Melnichukova, Raisa Kulikovskaya, Alexander Ivanovich Strotsky, Sofia Alexandrovna Verlikovskaya; doctor Julius Stanislavovich Grodetsky, dentist Aron Borisovich Kochan. http://www.radomyshl.com/news/1372-oleksandr-pirogov-legendi-radomishlya.html In 1903 a gymnasium was built (closed in November 1918), then two parochial schools, one on Rudna, and the other in the city, and a Jewish two-year school. *) Before the Jewish school was built, Jewish children often studied in schools called "heder", where melamed (teachers) taught children primary Jewish literacy. For that they paid 3 rubles a year for a certificate for the title of melamed. And often in the summer time from the open window children's voices came to the street, which chanted the alphabet: "Alef, beys, gimel, more ... Try, child, try!" *) Nathan Gerenstein (http: // гаринва.рф/tetrad_natana): "As an elected guardian of the school district, approved in the rank of guardian of the Radomysl 2-class Jewish school, he paid a fee for the right to teach 50 poor students annually." In 1803 there were 2 Jewish schools in the city. The earliest printed record of the Gorenstein family in Radomysl (Kiev province) was in 1851, when family members founded a tannery in the suburb of Rudnya. He became the largest tannery in the city. After the abolition of serfdom under the reform of 1861, Naftula Gorenstein became the first Jewish landowner in this area. It was included in 1882 as the owner of 1 tithe (1.09 gektars) of field land. In 1904, the Donkey / Joseph (son) Gorenshtein opened a cloth factory, where in 1912 there were 56 employees, and at the tannery in Rudna there were 63 employees. As of 1909, Yakov was the executive director of these enterprises and received the highest annual salary (6000 rubles). All of them were members of the board of directors, with the exception of Berko, they managed to build a sugar factory, while Berko ran a paper mill. Abraham, one of Naftula's sons, became a "merchant of the first guild," which meant, among other things, that he could travel anywhere in the Russian Empire-a rare privilege for the Jews. In 1910, he was listed as "The Honored Guardian" of the Jewish Primary School in Radomysle. By 1913, four other sons of Naftula (Berko, Evel, Gur-Arye and Rabbi Shmuel Cohen) owned a sawmill in the village Ottsutel and sold wood, owned a mill in the village of Varkovichi. By 1912, this factory had 56 employees, and at the leather factory in Rudnya there were 63 employees and was listed as belonging to the "heirs of Gur-Aryeh (son) Naftula Gorenstein. Members of the family Yakovu, son of Gur-Arye, Berko, Evel, Gur-Arye and Rabbi Shmuel Cohen, sons of Naftula and Iosel (Evel's son) also owned a sugar beet sugar factory in Shklov and a paper mill in Malin. When the Bolsheviks came to power, the state of Gorenstein was confiscated, and family members fled, mainly to Germany and Austria, and then emigrated again after the arrival of the Nazis. Those that survived have dispersed in many countries. Radomysl, the house of Gorenstein 1878, st. Prisutstvennaya str., 20
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The house of Gorenstein *). It was built in 1887. Private Jewish school. The school is one of the few buildings that have survived. Now in Gorenstein's house there is a city polyclinic.
Near the house of Gorenstein was a one-story building, where the Jewish school was located. The building was demolished in the early 80's of the 20th century. At this place is a two-story apartment house. Radomysl two-year state Jewish school in Radomysl. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. The son of Gorenstein Isaac was a close friend of our relative Abram Sagalov and was the chief accountant of the University of Kiev. In 1903 a Jewish two-grade school was opened in Radomysl. Before its construction Jewish children studied in the heder, where the melamedes (teachers) taught primary literacy **). It was from this house that in 1887 construction of the Prisutstvennaya Street began. The house is built in a certain architectural style with a staircase, a glass veranda with wide and narrow windows. He would have quite gone for the Art Nouveau style, if not for his peculiar taste and an attentive and original hand. It is worth saying that the house in the past was not whitened as of now, but painted in a light pink color. For better water repellence, blood and fats were mixed in the pain of animals. https://vk.com/3httpsvk.comclub105414251 According to the stories of local historian Radomysl Alexander Pirogov about the house of Gorenstein: "... In 1887, this house, like some others, was built by the merchant of the 1st Guild Gerar Naftulovich Gorenshtein. On long winter evenings guests gathered there to listen to music. The fireplace, lined with remarkable tiles with artistic miniatures, was lit. He was a real gem of a house ..." "The son of Gorenstein Isaac was a close friend of our ancestor Abram Sagalov and, in all likelihood, invited the Sagalov brothers to these evenings. And, perhaps, it was this fireplace that pushed Markus Sagalov (husband of Sofiya Maloratskaya) to build a tiled stove with a figured bas-relief of the musketeer (version of Ilya Goldfarb) in his Kiev apartment, in the wing of the house on 7/6 Streletskaya Street. **) It is not necessary to talk about the general literacy among the Jews of the town. Firstly, it was supposed to teach only boys, and secondly, literacy in the Jewish languages is not enough, which gave in a great life. The shift occurred with the introduction in mid-1874 of the law on universal military service (instead of recruiting), which placed the duration of the service in an inversely proportional dependence on the degree of secular education. The new military regulations established a service life of 6 years, with a grammar school certificate - 1.5 years, with a higher education - 6 months. Since that moment, Jewish boys have filled Russian schools, to which the authorities responded by introducing the infamous "percentage rate" (1886). But nothing could stop the young people's desire for education. The facade of the one-storey house of Gorenstein was decorated with stucco molding. A carved door, a figured wrought-iron canopy above the entrance, a forged fence:
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/07/blog-post_9.html
.. a lot of different stories and rumors spread about the school building, supposedly there was a building in one of the rooms, a sliding ceiling and a roof, from where the owners watched the starry sky, * and the floor in the hall was paved with gold chervontsami. True, one of the "miracles" of the Gorenstein house has survived to this day. We are talking about massive valves, equipped in the thickness of the walls, next to the window apertures, which, if necessary, tightly closed windows. Teachers, in particular, were able to arrange screening of film or film tapes, etc., in classrooms in broad daylight. *) This is according to the local historian Pirogov. Another version is also possible: the religious Jew Gorenstein built a sukkah in his house; On the Sukkot holiday each fall, the ceiling was dismantled, the bamboo was pushed aside and the room turned into a real sukkah; As the Jews supposed, the family of Gorenstein spent a whole week eating and sleeping under the stars and the eyes of the Creator; the autumn ritual was hidden from prying eyes, but, at the same time, it was carried out by all household members strictly according to the canons. |
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/07/blog-post_9.html
Some of their houses in Radomysl Gorenstein *) rented for hire. Buildings, however, all were wooden and "for ages" did not pull. Not without reason, only two have survived to this day. And people, it seems, were really prosperous. They built houses on the most prestigious streets of the city at that time, where the main city and county institutions are located: Aleksandrovskaya (Malaya Zhitomirskaya), Bolshoi Kiev (now Starokievskaya) - the visiting card of Radomysl. LIST OF THE 1ST GILDII KUPTSOV, INDUSTRIAL COMMUNITIES AND COMMERCIALS 1897 ALL RUSSIA RUSSIAN BOOK OF INDUSTRY, TRADE, AGRICULTURE AND ADMINISTRATION ADDRESS-CALENDAR OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE TOM THE SECOND PUBLISHED AS SUVORINA 1897 GORENSTEIN, Abr. Naftula. (Contact us in a row.), Kiev, Aleksandrovskaya st. GORENSTEIN, Zelman Naftul., Kievsk. City, Tarashchinskiy u., With. Luke. GORENSTEIN, Shmul Burke. (Grocery), city of Kiev, Bol. Vasylkivska Str. http://personalhistory.ru/papers/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B |
Another house of Gorenstein between Radomysl and the village of Malaya Racha (the home of the Maloratsky), 5.6 km from the village of Malaya Racha:
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*) Gorenstein is the owner of the cloth factory. In 1890, a factory was opened with a greatcoat type. At this point in 1903, Gorenstein built a cloth factory. The factory produced coarse-wool coats for mass sale, as well as blankets and overcoats for the military department. At that time it was a significant enterprise, where more than 120 workers worked. Reizen Gorenshtein, the owner of the cloth factory (Hasidka), helped the Kagansky family (Hasidim) *), arranging to the factory. The salary at the factory was about 40 rubles. in Week. The workers were provided with state apartments, and for the Hasidim children there was a kindergarten. Reisen Gorenstein took care of the Hasidim, they visited her, she fed them and gave them food and helped them to determine their children, marry them, if it's a girl, to marry if that's a guy.
From the memoirs of our relative **) Maya Kaganskaya, grandchildren of Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya):
http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya:
"My great-grandmother, Hava Steinberg, was born in 1860. She was called" Hawa de husidka "and became a widow when she was young. She had three children. She was under the tutelage of Reizen Gorenstein, Jewish women Hassidiki, the owner of the cloth factory, she was engaged in charity and provided food for the poor Hasidim and helped the girls to get married and young people to get a job.Reizel Gorenshtein played an important role in the life of our family, she supported Hava and helped her raise her children. Religious Jews, professing Their Hasidism is a widespread religious movement in Bessarabia. My maternal great-great-grandfathers, whose name I do not remember, were Hasidim. They lived in Radomysl with children who also became Hasidim. My grandfather Izroel and my grandmother Riva married in early 1900, they had a traditional Jewish wedding under the chuppa in the synagogue. The guardian of my great-grandmother, Reizl Gorenstein, paid all the wedding expenses, bought a dress and wedding gifts. She also arranged Izroel in her cloth factory. First he worked as an assistant, and then, after some training, became the head of the factory and got an apartment from the Reizel Gorenstein factory ... When grandfather got married and had to get a job, then this mistress Reizel Gorenshtein took him to her cloth factory, I remembered. She took it exactly, because they were Hasidim, and respected by such people, and it was necessary to help them, the family was not rich. She took him grandfather, then he passed some training, became a spinning wheel, and after a few years she made him manager. Did he have any education? There was not a special one. Religious? Heder, helpless. But he was a capable person, she made him manager. In his family, this is already my grandfather, had six children. They got a formal apartment from the factory, but earnings, I remember, I'm not sure exactly, but my grandfather used to say, there were 40 rubles a week. That is, not very much. But they were provided with an apartment. There was a garden, six children. "
The origin of Hasidism is related to the activities of its founder Besht (1698-1760) - a kabbalist and healer, who settled in 1740 in the town of Medzhibozh (Podillya, now Ukraine). The teachings of the Baal Shem Tov and his disciples are closely connected with Kabbalistic doctrines, mainly by Yitzhak Luria (1534-1572) and his school. It was from this source that they adopted the basic concepts, modifying them and making them accessible to ordinary people
*) Charity gmilus hasodim is one of the main precepts of the Jewish religion.
Maya Kaganskaya
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**) Family relationship between Maya Kaganskaya and Leo Malaratsky:
**) Family relationship between Maya Kaganskaya and Leo Malaratsky:
Streets of Radomysl
Map of Radomysl in 1913. City plan of Radomysl of the Kiev province, approved on April 21, 1826, St. Petersburg
In terms of attracting attention to a large size of up to five hectares of Trade (Bazaar) area. To imagine how it was, you need to remove the hotel, restaurant, part of the shopping center, a house with a pharmacy number 35, a home, a veteran pharmacy, a movie theater, a state administration building, a church and a fifth school house. That is, the Trade (Bazaar) Square replaced the castle, which went into oblivion. Gradually the area began to be built up and decreased to modern dimensions. Bazarny lane stretches down to the river.
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/4406-yake
In Radomysl, 5 annual fairs were held (on May 9 and 15, August 6, September 14 and December 6), where the main subject of trade is leather, forest products, etc.
The river Myka flowed along the modern bed of the Teterev and ran into it about a kilometer under the present main bridge. From this it becomes clear why in historical documents Radomysl is mentioned as a city that is located on the left bank of Myka, and not Teterev. It can be seen on the map that the channels of the two rivers, before the main point of confluence, were interconnected by a network of ducts. Through them flows a stream that flows into a small second channel (sleeve) of Teterev in the south of Rudna (now on this line there is a system of lakes). Now these settlements are part of Radomysl. The longest street of Radomysl was and is the Big Zhitomir, which ends at the mill. On Rudnya there is one big Rudnyanskaya street. This is the oldest street, the name of which is derived from the name Rudnya ("rudnya" - a small ironmaking enterprise).
https://vk.com/3httpsvk.comclub105414251
Places of residence, work and study of our ancestors in Radomysl
The merchant Michel Moshkovich Kagansky (b. ~ 1840), son of Moshko Kagansky (b. ~ 1820) and brother of Srul Kagansky (1845–1923) lived on Chernobyl Street (our great-grandfather, see the next section "6 8 Generation of the Kagansky family ").
On the Chernobyl street lived Meer Kagansky with his family; there he was killed by a gang of Sokolovsky during the Jewish pogrom.
On the M. Chernobyl street lived the merchant Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-?).
On Rusanovskaya Street in the house # 3 (near the synagogue) lived Srul Kagansky.
Our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky lived with him at the Bathing Street with his large family.
On the Prisutstvennaya street, in the house # 9, there was a townspeople council of Radomysl, of which our relative Iosif Abramovich Sagalov (1869–?) was a member.
On Prisutstvennaya street in the house # 6 there was a women's gymnasium in which Sofia, Klara and Manya Maloratsky (aunt of Lev Maloratsky) studied.
On Bolshaya Zhytomyr, 10, there was a Radomysl horse-postal station, of which in the second half of the 19th century. the merchant was an entrepreneur, our ancestor Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov.
After Small Civil War, an orphanage was located on Malaya Zhitomirskaya Street, # 52, where our relative Basya Vilensky (Kagansky) was the director, and our relatives Joseph and Ovsey Kaganovsky were pupils.
Merchant Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849 - 1923) (father of Srul Kagansky) lived on Malaya Zhitomirskaya Street, the house of Kagansky, ap.1a.
Iosif Sagalov lived and worked on Rusanovskaya Street (near Torgovaya Square).
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/4406-yake
In Radomysl, 5 annual fairs were held (on May 9 and 15, August 6, September 14 and December 6), where the main subject of trade is leather, forest products, etc.
The river Myka flowed along the modern bed of the Teterev and ran into it about a kilometer under the present main bridge. From this it becomes clear why in historical documents Radomysl is mentioned as a city that is located on the left bank of Myka, and not Teterev. It can be seen on the map that the channels of the two rivers, before the main point of confluence, were interconnected by a network of ducts. Through them flows a stream that flows into a small second channel (sleeve) of Teterev in the south of Rudna (now on this line there is a system of lakes). Now these settlements are part of Radomysl. The longest street of Radomysl was and is the Big Zhitomir, which ends at the mill. On Rudnya there is one big Rudnyanskaya street. This is the oldest street, the name of which is derived from the name Rudnya ("rudnya" - a small ironmaking enterprise).
https://vk.com/3httpsvk.comclub105414251
Places of residence, work and study of our ancestors in Radomysl
The merchant Michel Moshkovich Kagansky (b. ~ 1840), son of Moshko Kagansky (b. ~ 1820) and brother of Srul Kagansky (1845–1923) lived on Chernobyl Street (our great-grandfather, see the next section "6 8 Generation of the Kagansky family ").
On the Chernobyl street lived Meer Kagansky with his family; there he was killed by a gang of Sokolovsky during the Jewish pogrom.
On the M. Chernobyl street lived the merchant Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-?).
On Rusanovskaya Street in the house # 3 (near the synagogue) lived Srul Kagansky.
Our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky lived with him at the Bathing Street with his large family.
On the Prisutstvennaya street, in the house # 9, there was a townspeople council of Radomysl, of which our relative Iosif Abramovich Sagalov (1869–?) was a member.
On Prisutstvennaya street in the house # 6 there was a women's gymnasium in which Sofia, Klara and Manya Maloratsky (aunt of Lev Maloratsky) studied.
On Bolshaya Zhytomyr, 10, there was a Radomysl horse-postal station, of which in the second half of the 19th century. the merchant was an entrepreneur, our ancestor Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov.
After Small Civil War, an orphanage was located on Malaya Zhitomirskaya Street, # 52, where our relative Basya Vilensky (Kagansky) was the director, and our relatives Joseph and Ovsey Kaganovsky were pupils.
Merchant Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849 - 1923) (father of Srul Kagansky) lived on Malaya Zhitomirskaya Street, the house of Kagansky, ap.1a.
Iosif Sagalov lived and worked on Rusanovskaya Street (near Torgovaya Square).
Aleksandrovskaya Street. The building on the right - house of E.I. Zaezdny. This one-story rather large house was located on Aleksandrovskaya Street *). In the foreground the policeman with a group of children at the printing house of the card publisher E.J. Zaezdny.
*) At the beginning of the 20th century, when a monument to Alexander the Second was set up on the square - the liberator (photo below), the street opposite which he was - Malaya Zhitomirskaya, was named Alexandrovskaya. E.Y. Zaezdny was a friend of Manya and Rachil Maloratsky
Chernobilskaya street
Malaya Zhytomyrskaya street
Winter in Radomysl. House of the notary Grigoriev on the street. Malaya Zhytomyrskaya opposite the former district court. The courthouse is one of the nicest houses in the city. Mysterious and mysterious, decorated with cupids, plaster molding and several turrets. This mansion was built by Mr. Zelenko in the late 19th century. In the early 20 century, this house, acquired the owner of the Chudinsky key Roman Romanovich Verzhbitsky. He and his brother Emmanuel were among the wealthiest landowners in the Radomysl district. They owned thousands of acres of arable land and a forestry. |
Rusanovskaya street, 3-storey house on the left side at the end - synagogue (see also photo below). The synagogue was burned down in 1921. Near the synagogue was the house of Srul Kagan at number 3 (see the archival document below).
6th site
Rusanovskaya street ............................... 4. Kagansky Srul Monument to Alexander the Second Liberator on Alexander Street.
On his pedestal afterwards stood a monument to V.I.Lenin. If you restore historical names, then the street would have to be called Aleksandrovskaya, not Malaya Zhytomyrskaya. |
In the city from a small bazaar, a shattered street, called Kupalnaya, is smashed downstairs. Until 1993 it was called Volodarskaya. This street was called Jewish by the townspeople, although practically the entire central part of Radomysl was inhabited by Jews. Long ago this street was inhabited by the Jewish poor. They were small artisans. Opposite the bazaar in ancient times was a Jewish bathhouse. In Yiddish the street was called Budgas (bud - bath, gus - street). Mordechai Maloratsky (6th generation of Maloratsky) with his large family lived on Kupalnaya Street.
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/32373.html
Prisutstvennaya street is the most beautiful street of the city. Along the cobbled streets bordered with poplars, with sidewalks lined with decorative tiles, there are houses and buildings representing almost all the architectural styles of the early 20th century. Among them are the Zemstvo, the Women's Gymnasium, the printing house owned by Ele Yosiphovich Zaezdny, and the castle, the former residence of the Uniate Metropolitans (now school No. 5). On Prisutstvennaya Street in building No. 6, the Radomysl Uyezd Noble Assembly was located, in which our relative Sagalov Iosif Abramovich, was a member of the philistine council.
Hospital Street (now City Council), which housed a Jewish hospital.
Prisutstvennaya street is the most beautiful street of the city. Along the cobbled streets bordered with poplars, with sidewalks lined with decorative tiles, there are houses and buildings representing almost all the architectural styles of the early 20th century. Among them are the Zemstvo, the Women's Gymnasium, the printing house owned by Ele Yosiphovich Zaezdny, and the castle, the former residence of the Uniate Metropolitans (now school No. 5). On Prisutstvennaya Street in building No. 6, the Radomysl Uyezd Noble Assembly was located, in which our relative Sagalov Iosif Abramovich, was a member of the philistine council.
Hospital Street (now City Council), which housed a Jewish hospital.
The printing house owned by Ele Josiphovich Zaezdny.
In this printing house the cards - photographs - shown here were made. In the printing house of E.I. Zaezdny there were also printed brochures, notebooks and magazines for pupils and teachers of male and female gymnasiums, various advertising posters, as well as colored posters for performances and performances that were staged at the local theater "Express." Eight workers worked in the printing house. The owner was the owner of the printing house. In the printing house worked 8 people; the printing house was managed by the owner of the printing house, the philistine Elya Josifovich Zahdny. The printing house of E.J. Zaezdny is known to radomyshlyans as a "corner shop" (see the above photo). The building was demolished in the early 80-es of the last century. Alexander Pirogov for many decades was collected 22 types of postal cards Radomysl, published typographical way. All of them were published in the printing house, owned by Elya Iosifovichu Zajezdny. In the early 19th century, the owner of the photograph and photographer in the city was the nobleman Zakharii Napoleonovich Kozlovsky, who sold the photograph to Grzybovsky (V.Grzybovsky, his photograph existed, at least until 1928, ed.). Who was the photographer of these unique images could not be established. Just set the print run is almost impossible. There are kinds of black and white, and there are also colored ones. But this is not a color photograph. The invention in the late 19th century, phototypes, photoautolithography made it possible to publish high-quality color postcards. To do this, the printing industry required up to fourteen runs. On these postcards sometimes only the sky is depicted in seven colors. Such cards can be called a miracle of polygraph art. All postcards were published in the building, in which there was a printing house and a stationery store. On the reverse side of the postcards there was a place for correspondence. Alexander Pirogov In the center of the photo below: Elya Yosifovich Zayezdny and Lesya Zayezdnaya, nee Belorusets. Their children: Sophia, Aaron and Leiba are sitting. Ilya Kapelzon (Sofia's husband), Rosa and her husband Haskel Margovsky, Mendel and Bella are in the top row. Radomysl, 1927 http://radomyshl.lk.net/zayezdny.html |
Bolshaya Zhytomyr street
Bolshaya Zhytomyr Street appeared in Radomysl at the beginning of the 19th century. and was the beginning of the main road to Zhytomyr. The longest street of Radomysl was and is Big Zhytomyr, which ends at the mill. In the house number 10 on the street Big Zhitomir was Radomysl horse post station. In the second half of the 19th century. the equestrian station building, together with the adjacent premises, was bought by our ancestor merchant-entrepreneur Iosif Moraguhovich Sagalov *) and opened a transport “carrier” (horse) office here. Horse services were provided for public services **). Hiring them from Radomysl to Kiev was 10-12 rubles. in clear weather and 15-20 rubles. in bad weather, it was not less than 18 hours to go, and even day https://www.facebook.com/pg/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C-Radomy % C5% 9Bl % D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 81% D0% BB% D1% 8C-66015449085404042 / posts / **) The stage coach with a clear inscription on the side of the Feldenkrais was a huge biaxial crew on high wheels and consisted of several parts. On the high front, a driver was sitting with a long whip, with which he drove two pairs of triples of suited horses, pulling a bulky carriage. In it, behind the front end, there was a sprung carriage with glazed doors with the inscription: “Class I,” behind which were rich first-class passengers on leather sofas. Behind it was a separate, enclosed room with rows along the sides, with windows on the sides and doors at the back and the inscription: “Class II”. Here the travelers were sitting just like now in subway cars (only the passage was narrow). ІІІ class passengers sat in the open air in front and behind on metal seats. Standing was not allowed. The luggage was fixed on the spacious roof of the crew. The speed of movement was not discussed, although out of the blue and on descents the stage wheel rolled nevertheless faster than the peasant cart or the Chumatsk mud, which had been pulled by “twisted oxen”. Feldenkrais’s stagecoach, designed for twenty people, was considered a time achievement compared to previous crews. (According to Ilya Goldfarb on the site www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com) |
..This fragment of the diagram (on the left) of the Sagalov family illustrates the relation between I.M.Sagalov and the Maloratsky family. I.M.Sagalov was the father of Marcus (spouse of Sophia Maloratskaya) and Abram (spouse of Klara Maloratsky) (see Chapter 1, Part 1, "Genus Sagalovs" and Chapter 1, Part 2).
*) Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov (1867 - 1941), the son of a merchant of the 2 guilds, was recorded as a timber merchant according to the census of 1897, probably was associated with the tannery of his uncle Gershka Ovseevich, and later, haberdashery and production of hats for women in Radomysl. "Horses are allowed on art. Irsha and back at the cheapest prices: 50 kopecks each. for a place, and in a phaeton for 1 ruble. Special supply of 3 rubles. In addition, horses are sold all over the place at the cheapest prices. The office aims to be polite to the public, the office’s drivers are strictly ordered to treat passengers politely, to monitor their duties" (advertising from newspaper "Radomyshlyanin", January 1, 1914). |
On the photo from the postcard "Local government", Radomysl City water tower
City water pump; a water tower 40 meters in height was built by the Warsaw Society of Zelinsky in 1911. It was equipped with an observation deck, which has been constantly on duty with firefighters since. At present, this landmark of Radomysl is an informal symbol of the city. About the fire, they signaled by blows of the bell, as well as flags, at night - flashlights. In winter, with severe frosts hung on the tower, a red flag signaled to the townspeople that there would be no training in schools that day. Firefighters were also guided by a specific system of special signals.
City water pump; a water tower 40 meters in height was built by the Warsaw Society of Zelinsky in 1911. It was equipped with an observation deck, which has been constantly on duty with firefighters since. At present, this landmark of Radomysl is an informal symbol of the city. About the fire, they signaled by blows of the bell, as well as flags, at night - flashlights. In winter, with severe frosts hung on the tower, a red flag signaled to the townspeople that there would be no training in schools that day. Firefighters were also guided by a specific system of special signals.
The laying by the city of water supply networks allowed to equip fire hydrants for water intake in case of fire. Already in those days a tradition was born to attract firefighters to eliminate the consequences of natural disasters, search for drowned people, etc. In 1913, the City Council bought a house on the Cathedral Square from a Jew, where the fire brigade transferred. Here it was deployed until the end of the 20th century.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2016-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&updated-max=2017-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&max-results=20 The fire brigade, almost a century ago, lodged nearby - in the former house of the lawyer of Herzenstein - moved to a new depot on the city outskirts. The house in which the firemen lived, a few years later bought out the Radomysl businessmen and ... razed it to the ground. |
Radomysl, Prisutstvennaya str., 9
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/2152-aleksandr-pirogov-uezdnyy-gorod-radomysl-kievskoy-gubernii-nachala-hh-veka.html The county government built in 1906. From 1928 until now the city hospital. Architecture in the Art Nouveau style. Here there were places of presence - the Zemstvo Board, the Uyezd Duma and other authorities. It was here that the Radomysl Uyezd Noble Assembly was located. In the common people it was also called "Noble Club" or "Noble House". Participants of the meetings were representatives of the noble society of Radomyslsky Uyezd - local nobility, merchants, large and medium-sized landowners. Our relative Sagalov Iosif Abramovich was a member of the philistine government (see Part 2 of this Chapter). *). I.A. Sagalov was the uncle of the Sagalov brothers (Abram and Markus), married to the Maloratsky sisters (Clara and Sonia). The arrival and stay of the Kiev Governor of the Chief of Staff Nikolai Ioasafovich Sukovkin was reported by the county newspaper Radomyslianin No. 54, May 1914 (National Historical Library of St. Petersburg). "... Having received the report of the named persons, and bypassing all the office rooms, welcomed by all the staff of the staff, Mr. Governor proceeded to the philistine board, where he received a report and reports from the elder M.M. Chubenko and the member of the administration I.Sagalov ... " |
*) Alexander II, coming to power in 1855, already in 1856 ordered "to review all the existing decisions on the Jews for an agreement with the general forms of the merger of this people with the native inhabitants." Jews were given the opportunity to elect and be elected to local self-government bodies (zemstvos, city dumas). The urban status of 1870 provided that even in those cities where Jews constituted the overwhelming majority of the population, their number in city dumas and councils should not exceed one third of the total membership of these bodies; a Jew could not be a city head.
In this document: Sagalov Iosif Abramovich, member of the Meshchanskoye government of Radomysl *) Meshchanskoye government - class self-government of meshchanstvo in the Russian Empire. The gathering was convened by a middle-class elder or a petty-bourgeois government. The main purpose of the petty-bourgeois administration was to collect various taxes and fees from the petty bourgeoisie. Helping the needy was one of the important tasks of petty-bourgeois management. On the estate of the poorest urban population, schools, hospitals, dispensaries, almshouses, and workers' homes were created. From the same funds were issued different benefits: funerals, raising children, dowry to poor brides and so on. Our ancestors, for sure, studied in this Radomysl two-year state Jewish school **) (see photo and comments above). **) Radomysl two-year state Jewish school in Radomysl. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. Our ancestors Maloratsky, Kagansky, Sagalov could be treated in this Jewish hospital (see below) |
*) The affairs of the petty-bourgeois administration were managed by a comparatively small group of individuals. The middle-aged village elder was in the chair. The main purpose of the petty-bourgeois administration was to collect various taxes and fees from the petty bourgeoisie. Assistance to needy members was one of the important tasks of philistine management. The right of Jews to occupy the position of a member of the middle-class government: the number of Jews should not exceed one third. As can be seen from the list given, of the three members of the Radomysl philistine board, there was one Jew, I.A. Sagalov (the norm was fulfilled).
https://books.google.com/books?id=VcpxBgAAQBAJ&pg
"The laws of the Jews. A systematic review of the current statutes on Jews with explanations of the Government Senate and Central Governmental Regulations, Petrograd, 1915.
https://books.google.com/books?id=VcpxBgAAQBAJ&pg
"The laws of the Jews. A systematic review of the current statutes on Jews with explanations of the Government Senate and Central Governmental Regulations, Petrograd, 1915.
Jewish hospital on the street. City Council (formerly Hospital), now kindergarten number 6. Photo by V. Buryak. In 1892 the head of the hospital was Zweifel's doctor. http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/31112.html?thread=8840 On the photo below the building of the former gymnasium of the "cult" construction of Radomysl. In this mansion, in different years belonged to the philistines Zelenko and the nobles Verzhbitsky, musical evenings for the urban nobility were arranged. Probably, it was here in 1888 that Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky gave his charity concert to help the victims. |
The building of the women's gymnasium belonged to F.K. Grintsevich, was on Prisutstvennaya Street 3. http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/22900.html
Since 1912, the women's gymnasium was located in one of the buildings owned by the head of the City Duma Feodosy Konstantinovich Grincevich. He provided free of charge one of their homes to teach girls in the girls' gymnasium. Guardianship of the female gymnasium fell on F.K. Grintsevich, and the annual payment for maintenance took over the City Duma. In the photo on the right is another kind of this female gymnasium, apparently, with the second floor completed later. Now there is a children's music school (photos of the 1970s). In the photo you can see a well-known figure in Radomysl, a forged canopy above the entrance. The skill of local craftsmen can be estimated from the preserved forged fences in the old city cemetery and along the patterned canopies that still adorn the entrances of old houses and serve as a kind of visiting card of the city. http://antikvar.ua/publications/ourtime/695-2016-10-12-12-43-11.html Our ancestor Avrum Mordukhovich Maloratsky was engaged in blacksmithing. And, obviously, he was not the only Jewish smith, contrary to the existing myths that there were allegedly no metallurgists or smiths among the Jews. You can read about this on the website https://www.liveinternet.ru/users/rinarozen/post218927140/ and in the Appendix to this Chapter. |
Male gymnasium. One of several surviving buildings.
For the Jews to enter the Radomysl Gymnasium, a quota was set: they could be studied there by no more than 5 percent of the number of pupils of all nationalities. The male gymnasium was located on Boulevarnaya Street (now Shevchenko Street). |
Pupils and teachers Radomysl women's gymnasium. The women's gymnasium trained its students to live, eat, dress, meet any situation calmly, provide medical help, sing and dance, teaching them languages, music, etiquette and housekeeping.
Sonya Maloratskaya (presumably) sits on the floor on the extreme left. Next to her sits her sister Clara Maloratskaya, who was studying in a junior class. As will be indicated in the next Part 2 of this Chapter, the difference in the age of the sisters of Sonya and Clara was 2 years (Sonya was born in 1897, Clara in 1899), which corresponds to their classes at the gymnasium.
The students wore a uniform that differed in color in each class. Brown, more practical, put on the younger ones. In the second form, the form was dark blue. Then - blue, and for seniors - white. Radomysl women's gymnasium gave an opportunity to get an education for women of all faiths and financial status of their parents. In the first class, girls aged from 9 to 12 years were accepted, at the same time a set was made for all classes. Tuition fees were set at 60 rubles per year, not counting for each optional subject (new languages, gymnastics, dances).
In 1913, during the period of time - from September 3 to 12, inclusive, the pedagogical council decided: to take in the preparatory class 32 girls, who passed satisfactorily the admission tests. In the first class - 25 girls, in the second - 13 girls and in the third class - 21 girls. In total, 59 girls are accepted as pupils of the newly opened gymnasium. Female gymnasium in the city of Radomysl lasted 6 years: from 1913 to 1919.
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/22900.html
Sonya Maloratskaya (presumably) sits on the floor on the extreme left. Next to her sits her sister Clara Maloratskaya, who was studying in a junior class. As will be indicated in the next Part 2 of this Chapter, the difference in the age of the sisters of Sonya and Clara was 2 years (Sonya was born in 1897, Clara in 1899), which corresponds to their classes at the gymnasium.
The students wore a uniform that differed in color in each class. Brown, more practical, put on the younger ones. In the second form, the form was dark blue. Then - blue, and for seniors - white. Radomysl women's gymnasium gave an opportunity to get an education for women of all faiths and financial status of their parents. In the first class, girls aged from 9 to 12 years were accepted, at the same time a set was made for all classes. Tuition fees were set at 60 rubles per year, not counting for each optional subject (new languages, gymnastics, dances).
In 1913, during the period of time - from September 3 to 12, inclusive, the pedagogical council decided: to take in the preparatory class 32 girls, who passed satisfactorily the admission tests. In the first class - 25 girls, in the second - 13 girls and in the third class - 21 girls. In total, 59 girls are accepted as pupils of the newly opened gymnasium. Female gymnasium in the city of Radomysl lasted 6 years: from 1913 to 1919.
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/22900.html
Drugstore Matkovsky In 1897, the pharmacist Franz Kolenbach built the first pharmacy in Radomysl. His manager was Vladislav Matkovsky, a native of the village of Gorbulyov, Radomysl district. This house was preserved and is located along Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya Street, 23. After the sudden death of the owner, Vladislav Matkovsky became the sole owner of the pharmacy. In this house there was a pharmacy and a laboratory, the host lived with his family. On the other side of the house I finished building, an elongated building, where the factory for the production of Seltzer water was located. Near the house down the slope, landed a special vegetable garden with medicinal herbs. The work of the pharmacist of that time can rightly be regarded as an intellectual and simultaneous heavy work of manual labor. In addition, it was necessary to work standing up - such is the pharmacy statute. In the second half of the 20th century pharmacy consisted mainly of herbal medicines, to a lesser extent - from chemicals and medicines of animal origin. At that time only men were working in the pharmacy, and women in the Russian Empire were not allowed to get a pharmacy education. People could buy a wide variety of balms, oils, powders, suppositories, infusions and plastic in the pharmacy. The assortment of the drugstore Matkovskogo was quite wide: only about 900 titles. There were two separate register of medicines - for the poor and wealthy townspeople. The prices and, accordingly, the materials differed. After the establishment of Soviet power in the city in 1919, the pharmacy-factory still continued to work for several years. But after the abolition of NEPA, in the mid-twenties of the 20th century, taxes so crushed the owner that Matkovsky closed it and left the city with his family. Alexander Pirogov |
From the memories of Natan Gertsenshtein (http: //garinva.rf/tetrad_natana):
"Being elected a trustee of the school district approved the rank of guardian Radomysl 2 class Jewish school each year to pay for the right to teaching 50 poor pupils; my personal and exclusive works and concerns, in Radomysl built a first-class Jewish Hospital - now nationalized Besides my means were leftovers boxed collections of different cities of Kiev province, caught me great efforts of my firearms - "pen and energy", it was not without traveling to Kiev for bows General Lips rnatoru and especially the provincial government. On this common wealth I spent about 2 years of time and was so imbued with them that part of my clients had to be taken to the hospital territory. Once, when the hospital was close to the end of the building, Radomysl was visited by the chairman of the Kiev provincial government (1907-1908), count-mastermaster Ignatiev Pavel Nikolaevich. (Later he was appointed minister of public education). Stalmeyster - court rank of the 3rd. He was the chief stablesman or the chief of the stables order. Konyushie actually headed the Boyar Duma from the end of the 15th century). He was invited by me to inspect it. He appeared accompanied by local authorities: the leader of the nobility, the mayor and the police chief. From what he saw, he was ecstatic and said that in the whole of the province of Kiev, which he personally observed, this hospital, as a Jewish one, built from scraps, that is, remnants of box fees that had never been given useful use, is a first-class place. After hearing about my dedication, I said that they will be properly represented about this activity. My statement that the most important thing for me is to obtain the missing six thousand rubles for the end and equipment of the hospital, I received a warm promise to immediately allocate them, while he ironically suggested the question: "What did your wealthy Herzensteins freeze to?" But having received from me the answer that we released seven thousand rubles for the furnishings, bed linen and the elementary pharmacy at the hospital, he smiled and said "Little"! Less than 10 days passed, I received Ignatiev's promised 6,000 rubles and the hospital was triumphantly finished and still functions, and on October 6, 1913, for all the merits in public education and the hospital, the Tsar awarded me with a silver medal with the inscription "for zeal" On the Stanislavsky ribbon for wearing on his chest. She was escorted to me through the Ministry of Public Education, whose head was then Count Ignatiev.
Religious life of our ancestors in Radomysl
For the spiritual needs of the Jews in 1852 there was a synagogue and six Jewish prayer houses. House of Prayer in Radomysl in 1894: Bes-Halidrom, Shomrim Laboker, New Prayer House # 7, Shoimril Labokeir, Bes Medrosh Prayer School, Naystut Prayer School. In the mid-1920s. 6 synagogues functioned in Radomysl; in 1928 about 80 children studied in the heads. In 1926, Rabbi B.-B. Beregovsky participated in the congress of rabbis in Korosten. In the 1930s, the synagogue was closed in Radomysl, at the end of the 1930s a Jewish school. The Jewish community of Radomysl was established in the 18th century. In 1797 it numbered 1.424 (80% of the total population), in 1847 it numbered 2.734, and it increased to 7,502 (67%) in 1897. In 1910 Radomysl had Talmud-Torah and five Jewish schools. The district of Chernobyl (5,526), Korostyshev (4,160), Brusilov (3,575), Malin (2,547) and others. The hasidic rabbis of Chernobyl. In the early 19th century Radomysl had tanneries and flour-mills, and exported timber, corn and mushrooms. http://www.horenstein.org/genealogy/horenstein_radomysl.html
http://www.forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?p=95608
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
List of parishioners of the Bes prayer school (?) Medrosh 1895, Radomysl
1. Avrum Sagalov (son of Iosif (r. 1794)
12. Elya Sagalov (Haskell's great-grandson (r.1757)
27. Yasir (?) Leib Kagansky
28. Moshko Kagansky
31. Moshko Sagalov (son of Shai (r. 1834)
32. Morduch Sagalov (grandfather of Marcus Sagalov - wife of Sophia Maloratsky)
54. Shaya Sagalov (1834-?) (grandson of Iosif Sagalov (1794-?), Who was the great-grandfather of Iosif Sagalov - the father of Marcus and Abram Sagalov (the spouses of Sonya and Clara Maloratsky)
55. Itzko Sagalov
57. Iosif Sagalov (father of Marcus Sagalov - spouse of Sophia Maloratsky) or Iosif Sagalov - son of Abram (p. 1826)
59. Srul Kagansky
List of parishioners of the Radomysl synagogue:
# 100 Reuben Kaganovsky
The list of parishioners of the Radomysl synagogue of 1894 from GAKO f.1, o.131, d.1289 70 http://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=4396:
70. Ovsey-Lezer Sagalov (obviously, this is the grandson of Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811-1848)
129. Yankel Kagansky
For the spiritual needs of the Jews in 1852 there was a synagogue and six Jewish prayer houses. House of Prayer in Radomysl in 1894: Bes-Halidrom, Shomrim Laboker, New Prayer House # 7, Shoimril Labokeir, Bes Medrosh Prayer School, Naystut Prayer School. In the mid-1920s. 6 synagogues functioned in Radomysl; in 1928 about 80 children studied in the heads. In 1926, Rabbi B.-B. Beregovsky participated in the congress of rabbis in Korosten. In the 1930s, the synagogue was closed in Radomysl, at the end of the 1930s a Jewish school. The Jewish community of Radomysl was established in the 18th century. In 1797 it numbered 1.424 (80% of the total population), in 1847 it numbered 2.734, and it increased to 7,502 (67%) in 1897. In 1910 Radomysl had Talmud-Torah and five Jewish schools. The district of Chernobyl (5,526), Korostyshev (4,160), Brusilov (3,575), Malin (2,547) and others. The hasidic rabbis of Chernobyl. In the early 19th century Radomysl had tanneries and flour-mills, and exported timber, corn and mushrooms. http://www.horenstein.org/genealogy/horenstein_radomysl.html
http://www.forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?p=95608
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B_% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0_% D0% BF% D0% BE_% D0% A0% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% BB% D1% 8E.pdf
List of parishioners of the Bes prayer school (?) Medrosh 1895, Radomysl
1. Avrum Sagalov (son of Iosif (r. 1794)
12. Elya Sagalov (Haskell's great-grandson (r.1757)
27. Yasir (?) Leib Kagansky
28. Moshko Kagansky
31. Moshko Sagalov (son of Shai (r. 1834)
32. Morduch Sagalov (grandfather of Marcus Sagalov - wife of Sophia Maloratsky)
54. Shaya Sagalov (1834-?) (grandson of Iosif Sagalov (1794-?), Who was the great-grandfather of Iosif Sagalov - the father of Marcus and Abram Sagalov (the spouses of Sonya and Clara Maloratsky)
55. Itzko Sagalov
57. Iosif Sagalov (father of Marcus Sagalov - spouse of Sophia Maloratsky) or Iosif Sagalov - son of Abram (p. 1826)
59. Srul Kagansky
List of parishioners of the Radomysl synagogue:
# 100 Reuben Kaganovsky
The list of parishioners of the Radomysl synagogue of 1894 from GAKO f.1, o.131, d.1289 70 http://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=4396:
70. Ovsey-Lezer Sagalov (obviously, this is the grandson of Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811-1848)
129. Yankel Kagansky
The synagogue burned down in 1921 was located on Rusanovskaya street.
Near the synagogue lived our relatives Kagansky.
Near the synagogue lived our relatives Kagansky.
But already at the beginning of the 1930s, by the decision of the city council, the synagogue was "withdrawn for cultural and educational needs," and later it was completely destroyed. "From the modern point of view, the decision to" seize "may surprise, given that there were a majority of Jews in the city council. Its members were Communists, and in this cohort class interests always prevailed over national, the more spiritual, all this happened on the wave of the era of "militant atheism." http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html |
Radomysl synagogue after the fire It was supposed (http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/) that as a result of the deliberate burning of the synagogue there could be a fire that in June 1921 covered the Kupalnaya Street (on its corner there was a synagogue), where the family of Maloratsky-Kagansky lived. After the fire of one of the houses, almost the entire street was burned down, including one of the city's attractions - the Jewish synagogue. It was supposed (http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/) that as a result of the deliberate burning of the synagogue there could be a fire that in June 1921 covered the Kupalnaya Street (on its corner there was a synagogue), where the family of Maloratsky-Kagansky lived. After the fire of one of the houses, almost the entire street was burned down, including one of the city's attractions - the Jewish synagogue. A tangible blow to the Jewish community of Radomysl was caused by the destruction of the synagogue. First, it suffered from a fire in 1921. It is likel It was supposed (http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/) that as a result of the deliberate burning of the synagogue there could be a fire that in June 1921 covered the Kupalnaya Street (on its corner there was a synagogue y that there was arson, as a hidden attempt at a new pogrom. The Kiev Provincial Revolutionary Committee, which was then headed by the famous Soviet leader J. Gamarnik *) (his life path is connected with the neighboring Malin of the Radomysl district, where, in fact, he began his revolutionary activity), then provided assistance to the Radomyslsky fire victims in the amount of 10,000,000 rubles. Another 50,000,000 at the request of Gamarnik was provided by the government. *) Gamarnik's aide, a relative of the Maloratsky, was subsequently repressed, and Gamarnik himself committed suicide shortly before the imminent arrest. |
On the right is the ancient church of Radomysl and its present form http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2005-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&updated-max=2006-01-01T00:00:00%2B02:00&max-results=9 |
St. Nicholas Church in Radomysl was laid in 1864. It was built simultaneously with the Vladimir Cathedral in Kiev. Painted by his pupils of the famous Russian artist V. Vasnetsov - P. Svidomsky and V. Kotarbinsky, as well as icon painters from Kiev. It is assumed that the temple is partially painted according to the sketches of the paintings of the Cathedral of Kiev. Perhaps the Mykolayiv church in Radomysl was used as a kind of creative workshop, in which artistic techniques were perfected, then realized in Kiev. www.doroga.ua |
The river Teterev, in the distance can be seen Gorenstein cloth factory
|
"The surroundings of Zhitomir along the banks of the Teterev river are distinguished by their picturesqueness, there are a number of poetic corners that are better than the other. The river flows in the high rocky shores, representing a series of majestic gray cliffs intersected by vertical and horizontal cracks, on the ledges the grass is green, In places the wild cliffs close the river and the terrain is like some enchanted canyon. http://library.kr.ua/elib/andreev/kazatin.html |
Photo of Jews in a street in Radomysl, Ukraine, [post WW I, ca. 1918]. Titled on the reverse (in German).
Written on the reverse side of the picture in German
|
A photograph of Jews in Radomysl Street, 1918 (after the end of the First World War in November 1918).
In the photo there is a dilapidated big house, obviously after another fire in Radomysl. In the early 20 century Jews accounted for most of the population of Radomysl. During the civil war, terrible pogroms against Jews were conducted in Russia. After serious abuse during the riots and in connection with the processes of urbanization and industrialization, and as a result of Soviet policy in the 1920s and 1930s, the number of Jews in Radomysl was reduced and in 1939 there were only 2350 Jews left - about twenty percent of the population. https://www.kedem-auctions.com/content/photograph-jews-radomyshl-%E2%80%93-ukraine-1918 Radomysl 1918 At the end of February 1918, German troops entered the city, which, in accordance with the agreement with the UPR, help liberate Ukraine from the Bolshevik invasion. In the city, the activity of the UCR is being restored, and not for long. Dissatisfied with the Central Rada, the German command on April 29, 1918 dispersed it, replacing the government of Hetman Skoropadsky. The struggle against the Kaiser troops, the Hetmanate, which is led by various political forces, the Bolsheviks led by G.Vlasenko, the peasant union - O.Mizernitsky. All this ends with a general uprising on November 14, 1918, under the direction of the Directory headed by Petlyura and V.Vinnichenko. The date of the end of the 1st World War on November 11, 1918, so that the soldier standing with a gun is obviously a German soldier. |
Political activities of our ancestors in Radomysl
1905
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
At the beginning of the 20th c. Jews are actively involved in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of Bund (“General Jewish Union”), which mainly included Jewish artisans, workers, and students. Its influence in the region on the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was noticeable.
Already in February 1905, tanners at the Gorenstein factory (20 out of 25 strikers were Jews) went on strike, forcing the owners to raise the pay. The next wave of strikes swept through the city in the summer of the same year. The police arrested local “Bund” students S. and Yu. Livshitsy, as well as E. Weinstein and M. Pasternak. In November 1905, a rally and demonstration of Radomysl Jews took place, in which about 5,000 people took part, headed by N. and V. Belkovsky and I. Pekar, who demanded political freedoms and a constitution.
1905
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
At the beginning of the 20th c. Jews are actively involved in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of Bund (“General Jewish Union”), which mainly included Jewish artisans, workers, and students. Its influence in the region on the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was noticeable.
Already in February 1905, tanners at the Gorenstein factory (20 out of 25 strikers were Jews) went on strike, forcing the owners to raise the pay. The next wave of strikes swept through the city in the summer of the same year. The police arrested local “Bund” students S. and Yu. Livshitsy, as well as E. Weinstein and M. Pasternak. In November 1905, a rally and demonstration of Radomysl Jews took place, in which about 5,000 people took part, headed by N. and V. Belkovsky and I. Pekar, who demanded political freedoms and a constitution.
Report
At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from February 2, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages. Other workers invited to their place are persuaded not to start work. There were no clashes between workers.
I report this to Your Excellency, reporting that I am reporting this information to the Head of the Kiev Province Gendarme Office.
County Corrector (signature)
Report
In addition to the report dated February 4 for # 65, I inform Your Excellency that 25 workers, who had stopped work at the leather factory of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, started this work on February 6. The owners have added workers to the end of the period of employment.
At the beginning of the 20th c. most of the Jewish townships were already different. Kagals were officially abolished long ago, and the state exercised judicial and fiscal functions. The community thus lost the main instruments of pressure on its members. She could not protect the Jews from the outside, often hostile world. It is not surprising that a significant part of the youth no longer listened to either parents or rabbis or public opinion, but increasingly absorbed the views and moods of the Russian or Jewish-Russian intelligentsia. At the beginning of the 20th c. Jews are actively involved in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of Bund (“general Jewish union”), which mainly included Jewish artisans, workers, and students. His influence in the region during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was palpable. Subsequently, the center of the Poalei Zion party was formed in the city, which united more affluent strata of the Jewish population. After the February Revolution of 1917, the Bund and Poalei Zion cells had significant representation in the city and county governments. Some Jewish workers leaned against the Communist organization of the Bolsheviks, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
At Jewish rallies in Kiev, Berdichev, Odessa, Zhytomyr, there were calls for the proclamation of democratic freedoms, the convening of the Constituent Assembly. On February 15, 1905, in the town of Radomysl, Kiev province, the bundits organized a solidarity strike ...
http: //eleven.co.il/diaspora/regions-and-countries/15409/
At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from February 2, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages. Other workers invited to their place are persuaded not to start work. There were no clashes between workers.
I report this to Your Excellency, reporting that I am reporting this information to the Head of the Kiev Province Gendarme Office.
County Corrector (signature)
Report
In addition to the report dated February 4 for # 65, I inform Your Excellency that 25 workers, who had stopped work at the leather factory of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, started this work on February 6. The owners have added workers to the end of the period of employment.
At the beginning of the 20th c. most of the Jewish townships were already different. Kagals were officially abolished long ago, and the state exercised judicial and fiscal functions. The community thus lost the main instruments of pressure on its members. She could not protect the Jews from the outside, often hostile world. It is not surprising that a significant part of the youth no longer listened to either parents or rabbis or public opinion, but increasingly absorbed the views and moods of the Russian or Jewish-Russian intelligentsia. At the beginning of the 20th c. Jews are actively involved in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of Bund (“general Jewish union”), which mainly included Jewish artisans, workers, and students. His influence in the region during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was palpable. Subsequently, the center of the Poalei Zion party was formed in the city, which united more affluent strata of the Jewish population. After the February Revolution of 1917, the Bund and Poalei Zion cells had significant representation in the city and county governments. Some Jewish workers leaned against the Communist organization of the Bolsheviks, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
At Jewish rallies in Kiev, Berdichev, Odessa, Zhytomyr, there were calls for the proclamation of democratic freedoms, the convening of the Constituent Assembly. On February 15, 1905, in the town of Radomysl, Kiev province, the bundits organized a solidarity strike ...
http: //eleven.co.il/diaspora/regions-and-countries/15409/
Mariam Kagansky
(great-aunt of Lev Maloratsky) |
From Arnold Kholodenko’s memoirs: “... my grandmother Mariam (Donja) Kaganskaya (Spivak) kept many stories from the life of the large Kagansky family in Radomysl in the early 19th century and often told them to me until the 60s. I remember them, which helped me a lot in my future work, for example, I didn’t expect that my grandmother could tell me about the pre-revolutionary events in Radomysl, in which local Jewish young people took part, including she. Memories about Mayovkah in the forest, secret gatherings in homes political circles, etc. were pretty enough for me unexpected then. Suddenly she started singing Varshavyanka (!) in Yiddish with a high girlish voice. Knowing my grandmother’s strong temper and temper, I think that only her early marriage saved us in the future from yet another fiery revolutionary woman like Rosa Zemlyachki ... "
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A similar picture in the same 1905 was observed at 80 km. from Radomysl in the mestechko Fastov with our ancestors Sagalovs, who are "on the other anti-Bolshevik side of the barricades":
1917 - 1919
In the town of Radomysl, the center of the Poalei Zion party *) was formed, which united more affluent strata of the Jewish population. At its head in Radomysl was the factory owner Apstein, mentioned above (founded by him in 1915. The tannery became the largest in the region). After the February Revolution of 1917, the centers of the Bund (chairman of Slutsk) and Poalei Zion had significant representation in the city and county governments. Therefore, it was not by chance that the Bolshevik ideologues later recognized that Radomysl in the middle of 1917 was “not a fully proletarian city”, and yet some Jewish workers joined the Bolshevik communist organization, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917. Among the communist activists the party cells were B. Eisenberg, B. Betin, V. Bialik, I. Rubalsky, P. Rabinovich, Ya. Usherenko. According to the data of 1923, the Radomysl urban communist organization consisted of 75 members and candidates of the party, 31 of whom were Jewish by nationalism. Quite a few Jews entered the Council of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies formed in May 1917. The civil war that broke out as a result of the October 1917 coup and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime put Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a noticeable reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing from the arbitrariness of the new government. In a report to the political editor of July 31, 1919, it was reported that the following enterprises were nationalized in the city first: the Krieger and Kogan iron foundries, the Apstein leather factory, the Brenstein, Khandros and Dudkin leather factories.
On behalf of the Radomysl district committee of the RKPb, in the spring of 1918 a large partisan detachment was created in the Malin district. He was headed by I.I. Drapiy and I.A. Chernov-Mirutenko. Malin partisans successfully conducted a series of military operations. On June 19, 1918, he defeated considerable German forces, as well as a punitive detachment of hetmans, and occupied the station and the village of Chepovichi, seized 30 guns, 40 machine guns and a lot of other military equipment. In February 1919, the Malin partisans destroyed a large detachment of Petliurists and captured the Malin station.
*) The first group “Poalei Zion” (Jewish Social-Democratic Labor Party) was formed in Russia in 1900-1901. Initially, these formations did not have a specific program and organizational links with each other. Some of these organizations declared themselves Marxist, others - populist; a number of politicians declared that they were in the position of “orthodox Marxism,” while others favored centrism or advocated social reformism.
On December 3, 1917, the Regional Congress of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (All-Ukrainian Conference of Bolshevik Organizations) *) was held in Kiev illegally with the participation of representatives from 12 cities.
http://shron2.chtyvo.org.ua/Litopys_revoliutsii/1926_N5_20.pdf
The congress was attended by only 54 delegates, of which 47 representatives were represented with a decisive vote and with a deliberative vote - 7. Radomysl delegated our ancestor Sagalov to the meeting, who represented the Radomysl Bolshevik organization in the amount of 120 people. The meeting formed the Provisional All-Ukrainian Committee of the Workers' Communist Party and decided to elect delegates to the congress. ... we, the below-mentioned members of the regional congress of the RSDLP, are protesting against renaming the regional organization and declare that at the next congress we will raise the question of revising this decision. Signatures: Aleksandrov, Gilinsky, Ferler, Sagalov, Lyubinsky, Ovsyannikov, Bosch, Luxemburg, Ryndich, Novikov, Sivkov, Babayev, Tarnogradsky and Lapchinsky. "
The mentioned Sagalov (from Radomysl) was probably a relative of the Abram and Marcus Sagalovs, since only four families of the Sagalovs were living in Radomysl, which were related to each other by their relatives.
*) uchebnik / revolyutsionnaya-borba-levobereje-pridneprove-26498.html
December 3, 1917, in Kiev, opened the congress of the Bolsheviks of the South-Western Territory. 54 delegates to the congress were represented by 24 organizations that brought together over 18 thousand party members. At the heart of the congress was the question of creating a regional party and Soviet centers. Exposing the anti-people actions of the bourgeois nationalist Central Rada, around which all the counter-revolutionary forces rallied, the congress called on the working people of Ukraine to more closely unite with the workers, peasants and soldiers of Russia for a joint struggle for the power of the Soviets. The Bolshevik Party, it was noted in the adopted resolution on the question of the Central Rada, will resolutely fight against the bourgeois nationalist council and "strive in Ukraine, as in all of Russia, to create a truly revolutionary power of the Soviets of workers, soldiers and peasants' deputies." organizations of Ukraine in the regional organization called "RSDLP Bolsheviks-Social Democrats of Ukraine" as an integral part of the Bolshevik Party. The Main Committee of the Social Democracy of Ukraine was elected to lead the party organizations. However, he did not become an all-Ukrainian party center. And although the actual creation of the regional Bolshevik party organization did not take place then, the first step was taken tthe party forces in Ukraine.
1921-1922
1917 - 1919
In the town of Radomysl, the center of the Poalei Zion party *) was formed, which united more affluent strata of the Jewish population. At its head in Radomysl was the factory owner Apstein, mentioned above (founded by him in 1915. The tannery became the largest in the region). After the February Revolution of 1917, the centers of the Bund (chairman of Slutsk) and Poalei Zion had significant representation in the city and county governments. Therefore, it was not by chance that the Bolshevik ideologues later recognized that Radomysl in the middle of 1917 was “not a fully proletarian city”, and yet some Jewish workers joined the Bolshevik communist organization, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917. Among the communist activists the party cells were B. Eisenberg, B. Betin, V. Bialik, I. Rubalsky, P. Rabinovich, Ya. Usherenko. According to the data of 1923, the Radomysl urban communist organization consisted of 75 members and candidates of the party, 31 of whom were Jewish by nationalism. Quite a few Jews entered the Council of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies formed in May 1917. The civil war that broke out as a result of the October 1917 coup and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime put Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a noticeable reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing from the arbitrariness of the new government. In a report to the political editor of July 31, 1919, it was reported that the following enterprises were nationalized in the city first: the Krieger and Kogan iron foundries, the Apstein leather factory, the Brenstein, Khandros and Dudkin leather factories.
On behalf of the Radomysl district committee of the RKPb, in the spring of 1918 a large partisan detachment was created in the Malin district. He was headed by I.I. Drapiy and I.A. Chernov-Mirutenko. Malin partisans successfully conducted a series of military operations. On June 19, 1918, he defeated considerable German forces, as well as a punitive detachment of hetmans, and occupied the station and the village of Chepovichi, seized 30 guns, 40 machine guns and a lot of other military equipment. In February 1919, the Malin partisans destroyed a large detachment of Petliurists and captured the Malin station.
*) The first group “Poalei Zion” (Jewish Social-Democratic Labor Party) was formed in Russia in 1900-1901. Initially, these formations did not have a specific program and organizational links with each other. Some of these organizations declared themselves Marxist, others - populist; a number of politicians declared that they were in the position of “orthodox Marxism,” while others favored centrism or advocated social reformism.
On December 3, 1917, the Regional Congress of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (All-Ukrainian Conference of Bolshevik Organizations) *) was held in Kiev illegally with the participation of representatives from 12 cities.
http://shron2.chtyvo.org.ua/Litopys_revoliutsii/1926_N5_20.pdf
The congress was attended by only 54 delegates, of which 47 representatives were represented with a decisive vote and with a deliberative vote - 7. Radomysl delegated our ancestor Sagalov to the meeting, who represented the Radomysl Bolshevik organization in the amount of 120 people. The meeting formed the Provisional All-Ukrainian Committee of the Workers' Communist Party and decided to elect delegates to the congress. ... we, the below-mentioned members of the regional congress of the RSDLP, are protesting against renaming the regional organization and declare that at the next congress we will raise the question of revising this decision. Signatures: Aleksandrov, Gilinsky, Ferler, Sagalov, Lyubinsky, Ovsyannikov, Bosch, Luxemburg, Ryndich, Novikov, Sivkov, Babayev, Tarnogradsky and Lapchinsky. "
The mentioned Sagalov (from Radomysl) was probably a relative of the Abram and Marcus Sagalovs, since only four families of the Sagalovs were living in Radomysl, which were related to each other by their relatives.
*) uchebnik / revolyutsionnaya-borba-levobereje-pridneprove-26498.html
December 3, 1917, in Kiev, opened the congress of the Bolsheviks of the South-Western Territory. 54 delegates to the congress were represented by 24 organizations that brought together over 18 thousand party members. At the heart of the congress was the question of creating a regional party and Soviet centers. Exposing the anti-people actions of the bourgeois nationalist Central Rada, around which all the counter-revolutionary forces rallied, the congress called on the working people of Ukraine to more closely unite with the workers, peasants and soldiers of Russia for a joint struggle for the power of the Soviets. The Bolshevik Party, it was noted in the adopted resolution on the question of the Central Rada, will resolutely fight against the bourgeois nationalist council and "strive in Ukraine, as in all of Russia, to create a truly revolutionary power of the Soviets of workers, soldiers and peasants' deputies." organizations of Ukraine in the regional organization called "RSDLP Bolsheviks-Social Democrats of Ukraine" as an integral part of the Bolshevik Party. The Main Committee of the Social Democracy of Ukraine was elected to lead the party organizations. However, he did not become an all-Ukrainian party center. And although the actual creation of the regional Bolshevik party organization did not take place then, the first step was taken tthe party forces in Ukraine.
1921-1922
Abracham Sagalov (uncle Lev Maloratsky, see Part 2 of Chapter 1)
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Information from Oleg Sagalov:
"My grandfather Sagalov Abracham Iosifovich fought in the civil war in the Kotovsky brigade (according to his grandfather) *)". *) http://militera.lib.ru/bio/savchenko/06.html "Together with the other" red "units, the Kotovsky group participated in the battle with the Petliurists over Tsybulev, in the raid on Zhytomyr and Malin, in the capture of the suburbs of Kiev , in battles for the capital of Ukraine near New Grebli. Kotovsky grappled then with the ataman Struk’s cavalry. Only in October 1919, the Southern group, having completed a 400-kilometer raid, joined the Red Army north of Zhytomyr. " |
The county government built in 1906. Since 1928, and now the city hospital.
Meshchanskaya council. Chairman - Mitrofan Mikhailovich Chubenko. Members: Iosif Avramovich Sagalov (our relative), Grigory Stepanovich Levchenko. |
Grigory Kotovsky lived in this house in Radomysl for a while.
http://berkovich-zametki.com/2014/Starina/Nomer1/Barunin1.php: "... in the evening we arrived in Radomyshl, right in the house where Kotovsky was living. We, it turns out, had to live in the family of Grigory Ivanovich. For me it was a big surprise. Kotovsky lived very modestly. The apartment consisted of two rooms. We had a bed on the sofa in the big room. The sofa was upholstered in beautiful red carpet with black pattern. Next was the door to the rooms where the owners lived. Next to our house was a shelter for Jewish orphans, and when I entered the park, I was surrounded by a group of shelters guys. They are with me interest azglyadyvali, they began to ask whether it was true that I live in Kotovsk ". “Together with other“ red ”units, the Kotovsky group participated in the battle with the Petliurists for Tsybulev, in a raid on Zhytomyr and Malin, in the capture of the suburbs of Kiev, in battles for the capital of Ukraine near Novaya Grebli. Kotovsky fought then with the cavalry of ataman Struka. The southern group, having completed a 400-kilometer raid, joined the Red Army north of Zhytomyr."Http://militera.lib.ru/bio/savchenko/06.html Ovsey Kaganovsky (in the center of the second row) among Radomysl Komsomol members.
The caption on the back of the photo: Moscow. On the day of my stay and departure from Moscow to my dear brother Froeke and in memory of the Radomysl Komsomol members. 12.20.1925 Sima Ovsey Kaganovsky (relative of the Maloratsky)
Typography I.A. Pekar on Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya street No. 37. The newspaper was printed for almost five years, until April 29, 1917. Throughout this time, the unchanged editor and publisher was H.M. Feldman. Editorial office of newspaper “Radomyshlyanin”. Feldman (editor) and Pekar (printer) lived in same building. |
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/4770-aleksandr-pirogov-radomyslskaya-gazeta-1.html
"Radomyslskaya Gazeta" No. 1 was published on four printed pages on Saturday, June 24, 1917. Publication of the Radomysl City Executive Committee. Editorial commissions: N. Dasenkon, A. Zmorovich, Dr. Zweifel, L. Shulkevich, O. Shumsky. Printed in the town of Radomysl in the printing house of E.I. The inbound. Temporary subscription terms: For 1 month - 1 rub. 75 copecks. For 2 months - 3 rubles. 50 copecks. For 3 months - 5 rubles. 00 kop. Receiving subscriptions and announcements in the store of E. Zaezdny. |
NEWSPAPERS "RADOMYSLYANIN" - ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE HISTORY OF RADOMYSL
In the district town of Radomysl, the Kiev province, the Russian Empire, on July 1, 1912, the first issue of the newspaper Radomyshlyanin was published. The newspaper was printed for almost five years, until April 29, 1917. Throughout this time, the unchanging editor and publisher was H.M. Feldman. Printed in the printing house I.A. Pekar on Bolshaya Zhytomyrskaya street No. 37. From the announcement of the subscription of the newspaper Radomyslianin: A subscription to the non-partisan public-literary newspaper Radomyslianin, which is published in Radomysl three times a week, is open. Serving such a large area as the Radomyslsky adjacent counties of the Kiev province, the newspaper, to the extent possible, highlights the outstanding facts of local life. The newspaper reports: Articles on political, social and scientific issues, telegrams, the local chronicle department of the province's industrial and economic life (its own correspondents in all corners of the county), outstanding facts of Russian and foreign life, literary and topical satires, theatrical and judicial chronicles. Original and translated novels and stories. The subscription price in the city for 1 year is 3 rubles, for 6 months - 1.50 kopecks, for 3 months - 75 kopecks, for 1 month - 25 kopecks. Non-resident for one year - 3 rubles 60 kopecks, for 6 months - 1 rub 80 kopecks, for 3 months - 90 kopecks, for 1 month - 30 kopecks. Subscription is accepted: In Radomysl: in the editorial office, in the printing house of I.A. Baker, in the Board of the Mutual Credit Island, on the board of the 2nd Saving and Savings Bank, in the manufactory shop "Br. Shmulzon and Kagarlitsky, in the grocery and gastronomy store Sh.B. Shafirovsky, and in the Management Board of the Mutual Assistance Island. In Malin: M.M. Nakhimna, Pharmacy 28 and in the board of Malinsky Savings and Loan T-va. In Korostyshiv: in the bookstores of Mr. Kholodenko and Mrs. Morgulis, in Brusilov: from J. Lyubirsky. In Ivankov: from I.L. Belogorodsky. In the first issue of Radomyslianin, the editor Feldman noted: "We live in a small, forgotten by God and people corner, but we also have burning interests. It is this small for the majority, and great for us interests, and we highlight the main place in our publication. " A.Pirogov
In the district town of Radomysl, the Kiev province, the Russian Empire, on July 1, 1912, the first issue of the newspaper Radomyshlyanin was published. The newspaper was printed for almost five years, until April 29, 1917. Throughout this time, the unchanging editor and publisher was H.M. Feldman. Printed in the printing house I.A. Pekar on Bolshaya Zhytomyrskaya street No. 37. From the announcement of the subscription of the newspaper Radomyslianin: A subscription to the non-partisan public-literary newspaper Radomyslianin, which is published in Radomysl three times a week, is open. Serving such a large area as the Radomyslsky adjacent counties of the Kiev province, the newspaper, to the extent possible, highlights the outstanding facts of local life. The newspaper reports: Articles on political, social and scientific issues, telegrams, the local chronicle department of the province's industrial and economic life (its own correspondents in all corners of the county), outstanding facts of Russian and foreign life, literary and topical satires, theatrical and judicial chronicles. Original and translated novels and stories. The subscription price in the city for 1 year is 3 rubles, for 6 months - 1.50 kopecks, for 3 months - 75 kopecks, for 1 month - 25 kopecks. Non-resident for one year - 3 rubles 60 kopecks, for 6 months - 1 rub 80 kopecks, for 3 months - 90 kopecks, for 1 month - 30 kopecks. Subscription is accepted: In Radomysl: in the editorial office, in the printing house of I.A. Baker, in the Board of the Mutual Credit Island, on the board of the 2nd Saving and Savings Bank, in the manufactory shop "Br. Shmulzon and Kagarlitsky, in the grocery and gastronomy store Sh.B. Shafirovsky, and in the Management Board of the Mutual Assistance Island. In Malin: M.M. Nakhimna, Pharmacy 28 and in the board of Malinsky Savings and Loan T-va. In Korostyshiv: in the bookstores of Mr. Kholodenko and Mrs. Morgulis, in Brusilov: from J. Lyubirsky. In Ivankov: from I.L. Belogorodsky. In the first issue of Radomyslianin, the editor Feldman noted: "We live in a small, forgotten by God and people corner, but we also have burning interests. It is this small for the majority, and great for us interests, and we highlight the main place in our publication. " A.Pirogov
From 1889 to 1914 years in Radomysl were opened bookshops with the libraries of M.V. Molchanov, B. Borodyansky, V.S. Vengrinovich, M.M. Kagansky, H.A. Pyatiretsky. Mostly in bookstores and libraries, books were in Russian and Hebrew, also in French. In Ukrainian, in the then-Little Russian, in Radomysl books were not sold. In one of the issues of the newspaper "Radomysljanin" for 1917, the following announcement is made: "1,000 r. For approval in Radomysl city library. The money will be transferred to the Bureau of the Executive Committee with a request to take over the work of the organization in the Radomysl City Library. "
Note: M.M.Kagansky is our ancestor Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky (see "The Kagansky Family" in this Part 1 of Chapter 1 and the following excerpt from the collection "All Russia for 1902"). Thus, M.M. Kagansky, who lives on Chernobyl Street. Radomysl, occupied with manufactory goods and was the owner of a bookstore with a library.
In one of the issues of the newspaper "Radomysljanin" for 1917 contains a message about donations for the creation of a working club in Radomysl: "The device of the working club came from J. Lanzmann - 5 rubles., A.B. Kogan - 50 rubles, M.Kagansky - 65 rubles, G.N. Garbarov - 25 rubles, Anatow - 10 r., J. Bukh - 5 rubles, E. Gorenshtein (should 50 rubles), Rezenfeld - 25 rubles, Economic Island of Consumers - 50 rubles, Yu. A. Kicher - 10 rubles, N. Belorets - 50 rubles. "
In one of the issues of the newspaper "Radomysljanin" for 1917 contains a message about donations for the creation of a working club in Radomysl: Among the patrons was our relative Moisei Kagansky (the brother of the grandmother Leo Maloratsky - Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya), who donated the largest amount of 65 rubles. At that time, Moisei was the director of one of the tanneries in Radomysl (for more information on Moisei Kagansky, see the section "The Kagansky Family").
In one of the issues of the newspaper "Radomysljanin" for 1917 contains a message about donations for the creation of a working club in Radomysl: Among the patrons was our relative Moisei Kagansky (the brother of the grandmother Leo Maloratsky - Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya), who donated the largest amount of 65 rubles. At that time, Moisei was the director of one of the tanneries in Radomysl (for more information on Moisei Kagansky, see the section "The Kagansky Family").
In the house number 52 on the street. Malaya Zhitomirskaya after the civil war was an orphanage, the director of which was our relative, Basia Vilenskaya (Kaganskaya). Earlier the house belonged to the above-mentioned adviser, the head of the city government Feodosiy Konstantinovich Grintsevich.
http://radomyshl-nash-dim.blogspot.com/2017/04/blog-post_10.html More on this, see later in the end of this part in the section "The Kaganovski genus" |
In the same Radomysl orphanage from 1918 to 1923, the well-known Jewish poetess Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980) was brought up in the future. Ioseph and Ovsey Kaganovsky were in this orphanage together with Riva since 1920. Then they went their separate ways: Riva graduated from a factory school in Kiev and from the age of 15 (from 1925), worked in a shoe factory, then became a famous Jewish poetess . Ioseph and Ovsey still wandered, and then ended up in Moscow. Fate brought Ioseph Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnuy many years later on the 50th anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage (photo in the section "Kaganovsky Family").
Next to this orphanage was the house where G.I. Kotovsky lived for a short time:
http://berkovich-zametki.com/2014/Starina/Nomer1/Barunin1.php Savely Borunin
"In the evening, we arrived in Radomysl, right in the house where Kotovsky lodged. Next to our house was a shelter for Jewish orphans, and when I entered the park, I was surrounded by a tent of shelter children. They looked at me with interest, began to ask that I live with Kotovsky. "Are you a circumcision?" - a hint of a famous national rite. I confirmed my background. The interrogation was over, the curiosity of the shelter was satisfied, and they did not suit me anymore. "
Next to this orphanage was the house where G.I. Kotovsky lived for a short time:
http://berkovich-zametki.com/2014/Starina/Nomer1/Barunin1.php Savely Borunin
"In the evening, we arrived in Radomysl, right in the house where Kotovsky lodged. Next to our house was a shelter for Jewish orphans, and when I entered the park, I was surrounded by a tent of shelter children. They looked at me with interest, began to ask that I live with Kotovsky. "Are you a circumcision?" - a hint of a famous national rite. I confirmed my background. The interrogation was over, the curiosity of the shelter was satisfied, and they did not suit me anymore. "
The following two pictures created by Ilya Goldfarb give an idea of Radomysl in the early 19th century, its ancient streets, houses (white lines indicate the location of objects on the city map) and the ancestors living there (the dark lines in the second picture indicate the connections of our relatives with places of the city):
The plan of Radomysl in 1913 with the outskirts and photographs of the main places of interest:
The plan of Radomysl center in 1913, photos of the main attractions and places of residence, work and study of our ancestors:
About Jewish cemeteries where our ancestors are buried:
http://www.iajgsjewishcemeteryproject.org/ukraine/radomyshl.html
The earliest mention of the Jewish community of Radomysl is 1775. In 1926, the Jewish population (census) was 4,637 people. In the cemetery there are about 3000 graves, mostly Jewish ones. Most of the graves are located 1 km north-west of the city. The cemetery is surrounded by a continuous fence without gates.
There are almost no tombstones, and some tombstones do not have metal fences around the graves. Mass graves were noted. From 501 to 5000 stones, most in original places of which 25% - 50% are overthrown or broken, dates from 1910. Some tombstones have portraits on stones and /or metal fences around graves. The cemetery does not contain any known mass graves. The boundaries of the cemetery remain unchanged since 1939.
Monument in the Jewish cemetery
"Obshchennye gray stones with three hundred years of writing." Rough embossing of fish and sheep over a dead human head. "Images of rabbis in fur hats with eyeless faces, wavy stone line of curled beards" (I. Babel, "The Copyrights Diary of 1920"). http://www.alefmagazine.com/pub3076.html The modern state of the Jewish cemetery in Radomysl: "The territory has become overgrown with forests and turned into a city dump." There is no entrance to the cemetery, it is surrounded by a moat filled with all kinds of evil spirits. "Plates that once lay on graves were riddled and scattered all over the territory. With the cemetery is the economic market! It seems that this territory is being prepared for future construction. Build on the bones of the dead for Ukraine is normal - it is enough at least to recall the construction of the metro on the site of the Babi Yar. I was very scared of what I saw! " |
But in what deplorable condition is now the Jewish cemetery in Radomysl:
Cemeteries and Selected Condition Information
http://heritageabroad.gov/Portals/0/documents/reports/survey_ukraine_2005.pdf
Commission Oblast(Region) Town Oldest Walls/Gates Markers/Signs Approximate Current Use
Survey Stone Number of
Number Gravestones
UA05220101 Zhytomyrska Radomysl 1910 Broken fence, No sign or marker 501 to 5000 Jewish cemetery
no gate
This old Jewish cemetery is located 1 km north-west of Radomysl, where in 1848 there were about 3000 graves, mostly Jewish ones.
Physical Address
59-63 54th Avenue Maspeth, NY 11378 Mailing Address P.O. Box 780355 Maspeth, NY 11378 Phone 718-335-2500 On the map of the cemetery are two sites of burial of Jews - people from Radomysl and Malin: a site on the line 34R (burial of young people) and a site on the line 41R (burial of the Jews of the older generation). The cousins Leo Maloratsky and Efim Zakon (born Radomysl, the son of Manya Maloratskaya) visited the cemetery in November 2016. That's what they saw. The cleanliness and well-being of the cemetery, which is almost 150 years old, is striking. |
Leo Maloratsky at the monument to our ancestor Samuel Maloratsky *), who died on January 19, 1931 at the age of 40:
*) Samuel Malaratsky
https://familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=50&query=%2Bgivenname%3ASamuel~%20%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~ New York, New York City Municipal Deaths Name Samuel Malaratsky Event Type Death Event Date 19 Jan 1931 Event Place Brooklyn, Kings, New York, United States Address 2060 Dean Street Gender Male Age 39 Marital Status Married Race White Occupation Painter Birth Year (Estimated) 1892 Birthplace Russia Burial Date 20 Jan 1931 Cemetery Mt Zion Cem Father's Name Abraham Father's Birthplace Russia Mother's Name Riska Rosen Mother's Birthplace Russia Spouse's Name Malaretsky |
Samuel Maloratsky b:1889 d:1931 in Malin
Samuel's father: Abraham Maloratsky b:1859 in Malin Samuel's mother: Riska (Rivka) Rosen b:1859 in Malin d: 13 Aug. 1950 in Parksville, NY Samuel's wife: Fanny Samuel's son: Max Mallor b:10 Feb. 1919 in Ukrined: 5 Nov. 1982 in Cocanut Creec, FL Max's wife: Susan Moskowitz b: 21 Dec 1924 in Brooklyn, NY d: 16 March 2009 in Cocanut Creec, FL |
Money Signs of the Civil War in Radomysl in 1919: 3 rubles, 5 rubles, 10 rubles, 20 rubles
The evolution of the coat of arms of Radomysl:
The coat of arms of Radomysl was approved on January 22, 1796: "At the top of the shield there is the coat of arms of Novograd-Volynsky, in the lower part - since not far away from this city there is a place called Korostyshev, in the ancient times the former city of Korosten, known for its history by the punishment of Drevlyans, from Grand Duchess Olga. A field of three flying silver dove, two above and one down, holding their flame in the mouths: for these birds were used to light the city. " Three pigeons, depicted on the ancient Radomyshl emblem, symbolize three rivers - Teterev and its tributaries Myka and Suharku, on which the city grew.
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In 1859, the draft of the new coat of arms of Radomysl was drawn up: "In the azure shield 3 silver flying pigeons holding flaming beaks in their beaks: 2 and 1. In the free part there was the coat of arms of the Kiev province." It was envisaged that the coat of arms would be surrounded by the ears of the Alexandrov ribbon. Shield - silver wall crown.The project was not approved. |
The modern coat of arms of Radomyshl was approved on May 26, 1995. In addition to the pigeons with flames in the shield, a trident, the Teterev River and the tower are depicted. |
Radomysl is a city with old revolutionary traditions. In the 19th century. Here was seen the Decembrist movement: in the city stood the Alexopolis Infantry Regiment, which was commanded by Colonel Igor S. Povalo-Švejkovsky, a friend of Pavel Pestel, who in 1826 was prosecuted for his participation in the Decembrist movement. And in 1920, a division headed by A. Golikov, known more as a writer Arkady Gaidar, entered Radomysl. At the same time near Radomysl was one of the last battles of the civil war in our region. Gaidar's division clashed with the cavalry of the Poles. In a bloody battle the latter were defeated and retreated to Malin. In the same 1920 in Radomysl, the chekistis exposed the most real ... Japanese spy who tried to establish contact with the local residence of German intelligence. It was Radomysl right up to the beginning of the 1930s that remained a sort of "capital" of residences of virtually all intelligence services of the world, working in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR. Why did this happen? Apparently, because Radomysl was a relatively quiet city, in which one could not be afraid to attract attention from the Soviet counterintelligence. Entered in July 1941 in the city of the Germans organized in Radomysl intelligence school Abwehr. There is evidence that it was here that the German special forces of the Abwehr special division "Brandenburg" conducted their training. When the intelligence school Radomysl, there was a kind of tote, where Soviet prisoners of war acted as "dolls" for practicing combat techniques "Brandenburgers." For these fights, the Germans themselves even made monetary bets, because among real Soviet prisoners there were real masters of hand-to-hand fighting. "Finished" Enemets intelligence intelligence school is bad: in 1943 it was destroyed by the Soviet subversive group OMSBON, whose commander was (attention!) The famous Italian Communist Palmiro Togliatti, whose name is now the city on the Volga. July 20, 1941 Radomysl occupied parts of the Wehrmacht. As of 1.1.1941 the population of Radomysl was about 9,500 people, mostly Jews. July 20, 1941 Radomysl occupied parts of the Wehrmacht, In August 1941 in Radomysl in the course of two "actions", about 200 Jews were shot. At the end of August 1941 Jews were deported to Radomysl from neighboring settlements. A ghetto was created. On September 6, 1941, 1,668 Jews were shot in Radomysl. At the Jewish cemetery in Radomysl there are mass graves of Jews shot in 1941 (see below). In Radomysl were born: R. Balyasnaya (a famous poetess) *), A. Velednitsky, LI Zubok, Ya.-Sh. Morogovsky; Ruhem Eisland (1884-1955, Miami Beach, USA), prose writer, poet, wrote in Yiddish; G. Korin (Godel Shablevich Korenberg) (born 1920), poet, author of several collections of poems by S.Ya. Elizavetian Eisland (1884-1955). The Jewish community of Radomysl was established in the 18th century. In 1797, it numbered 1.424 (80% of the total population), in 1847 it was 2.734, and it increased to 7.502 (67%) in 1897. In 1910, Radomysl was a Talmud Torah and five Jewish schools . The district of Radomysl included the communities of Chernobyl (5526), Korostyshev (4160), Brusilov (3575), Malin (2547) and others. The entire region was influenced by the teachings of the Chassidic rabbi of Chernobyl. At the beginning of the 19th century, Radomysl had tanneries and flour mills, and also exported wood, corn and mushrooms.
*) In the Radomysl orphanage, the well-known Jewish poet Riva Naumovna Balyasna (1910-1980) was brought up in the future. In the same orphanage and at the same time, our relatives Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were brought up, and our relative, Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya), headed the orphanage, (wife of Yakov Kagansky). All this is written at the end of this Part 1 in the section "The Kaganovsky family".
Rich then-residents of Radomysl were Jews. This, in particular, confirms the list of industrial and industrial facilities of the city in 1900. The most powerful at that time in the city leather factory (with 41 employees) belonged to the merchant G.Gorenstein (the manager was F.Kats). The steam mill (13 workers) was owned by M. Averbukh with the manager M. Cesis. M.Zinder also owned another mill, a five-workers' cubicle house. The owners of urban printing houses were A.Mazhbits and E.Zaezdny. The carpenter workshop (8 employees) belonged to J. Nagorny, the workshop of bent furniture (2 workers) - T. Goldfarb, the working factory (8 workers) - T. Dudkin, the candy factory (5 workers ) - M.Goldman. Later, Apshtein's leather factory, M.Rabinovich's and V.Moroz's sawmill, I.Brenshtein's cloth factory (maybe Gorenstein), the mechanical and cast-iron foundry A.Koganu and others were added. The publisher of the first city newspaper "Radomysljanin" was H.Feldman. A significant number of Jews worked in Radomysl in small workshops, commercial and industrial enterprises. In the early 20 century. In the city there were three small leather works, 5 carpentry shops, 5 - metalwork, 3 - furniture, 16 - shoemakers 14 - sewing, 4 - binding, 1 - biloshnevaya, 1 - tin, 1 - ladies' hats, 1 - rope, 3 bakeries, etc.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
Restrictive laws blocked many paths to economic activity, and yet, Jewish capital, Jewish heads and hands contributed to the industrial development of the Russian Empire. One-third of the breweries in the Pale, three-quarters of the tobacco and tobacco factories and half of the tanneries belonged to the Jews.
The tanning industry, by its very nature, is most appropriate for the artisanal form: it is quite possible without the use of expensive machines and devices, does not require special experience and technical knowledge, is almost always provided with the opportunity to find raw materials on site and sell the products made at the local bazaar or fair. ; in the south of Russia, moreover, the relatively favorable capitalization of this industry, and then the very wide demand from the local population for simple leather goods and products from it, is among the very favorable conditions for the existence of handicraft leatherworking. Thanks to all the conditions noted above, typical tanners are handicraftsmen in Radomysl very common.
http://internat.msu.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2013/08/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81 % D0% B8% D1% 8F_% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2-% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82.pdf
One of the most sought-after artisans in Radomysl were tanners. Leather work required great dexterity. A lot of leather was required: clothes and shoes, wine and oil containers were made of it, and parchment was made for rewriting Torah scrolls. Syromyatnikov workshops were located at a certain distance from the housing in order to ward off a foul odor. To remove wool, skin was spread on the road under the feet of passers-by, and then washed in running water. Dubbed it with bran, ink, flour or salt. To get the parchment, the skin was immersed in lime, and then pulled on the boards and oiled. One of the reasons for the origin of the leather industry in Radomysl: the main component for leather production was oak bark, which was enough in the county. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In Radomysl, relic oaks. The age of the legendary oak trees is 500 years old, height is 35 meters, in a girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. The name of the village Dubovik *), surrounded by an oak forest, is also associated with the village of Tolsty Les.
One of the first reports about the Radomysl tannery: file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
In 1808, the Economic Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs decided to allocate 1,500 rubles to the Radomyshl tradesman Zeylik Morduhovich on the proposal of the Kiev civil governor "to strengthen his tannery" (RGIA. F. 398. Op. 81. D. 1455. L. 1 - 2).
In Radomysl there were tanneries which, from artisanal enterprises, turned into small industrial enterprises (see the following table).
*) In the village of Dubovik, our ancestor Shloma Morduchovich Maloratsky (1777-1812) until 1807 owned the tavern (see previously presented archival materials).
The tanning business of our ancestors Maloratskys, Kagansky, Sagalovs, Kaganovsky, etc. in Radomysl
Restrictive laws blocked many paths to economic activity, and yet, Jewish capital, Jewish heads and hands contributed to the industrial development of the Russian Empire. One-third of the breweries in the Pale, three-quarters of the tobacco and tobacco factories and half of the tanneries belonged to the Jews. The tanning industry, by its very nature, is most appropriate for the artisanal form: it is quite possible without the use of expensive machines and devices, does not require special experience and technical knowledge, is almost always provided with the opportunity to find raw materials on site and sell the products made at the local bazaar or fair. ; in the south of Russia, moreover, the relatively favorable capitalization of this industry, and then the very wide demand from the local population for simple leather goods and products from it, is among the very favorable conditions for the existence of handicraft leatherworking. Thanks to all the conditions noted above, typical tanners are handicraftsmen in Radomysl very common.
http://internat.msu.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2013/08/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81 % D0% B8% D1% 8F_% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2-% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82.pdf
One of the most sought-after artisans in Radomysl were tanners. Leather work required great dexterity. A lot of leather was required: clothes and shoes, wine and oil containers were made of it, and parchment was made for rewriting Torah scrolls. Syromyatnikov workshops were located at a certain distance from the housing in order to ward off a foul odor. To remove wool, skin was spread on the road under the feet of passers-by, and then washed in running water. Dubbed it with bran, ink, flour or salt. To get the parchment, the skin was immersed in lime, and then pulled on the boards and oiled. One of the reasons for the origin of the leather industry in Radomysl: the main component for leather production was oak bark, which was enough in the county. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In Radomysl, relic oaks. The age of the legendary oak trees is 500 years old, height is 35 meters, in a girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. The name of the village Dubovik *), surrounded by an oak forest, is also associated with the village of Tolsty Les. One of the first reports about the Radomysl tannery: file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
In 1808, the Economic Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs decided to allocate 1,500 rubles to the Radomysl tradesman Zeylik Morduhovich on the proposal of the Kiev civil governor "to strengthen his tannery" (RGIA. F. 398. Op. 81. D. 1455. L. 1 - 2).
In Radomysl there were tanneries which, from artisanal enterprises, turned into small industrial enterprises (see the following table).
*) In the village of Dubovik, our ancestor Shloma Morduchovich Maloratsky (1777-1812) until 1807 owned the tavern (see previously presented archival materials)
Restrictive laws blocked many paths to economic activity, and yet, Jewish capital, Jewish heads and hands contributed to the industrial development of the Russian Empire. One-third of the breweries in the Pale, three-quarters of the tobacco and tobacco factories and half of the tanneries belonged to the Jews. The tanning industry, by its very nature, is most appropriate for the artisanal form: it is quite possible without the use of expensive machines and devices, does not require special experience and technical knowledge, is almost always provided with the opportunity to find raw materials on site and sell the products made at the local bazaar or fair. ; in the south of Russia, moreover, the relatively favorable capitalization of this industry, and then the very wide demand from the local population for simple leather goods and products from it, is among the very favorable conditions for the existence of handicraft leatherworking. Thanks to all the conditions noted above, typical tanners are handicraftsmen in Radomysl very common.
http://internat.msu.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2013/08/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81 % D0% B8% D1% 8F_% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2-% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82.pdf
One of the most sought-after artisans in Radomysl were tanners. Leather work required great dexterity. A lot of leather was required: clothes and shoes, wine and oil containers were made of it, and parchment was made for rewriting Torah scrolls. Syromyatnikov workshops were located at a certain distance from the housing in order to ward off a foul odor. To remove wool, skin was spread on the road under the feet of passers-by, and then washed in running water. Dubbed it with bran, ink, flour or salt. To get the parchment, the skin was immersed in lime, and then pulled on the boards and oiled. One of the reasons for the origin of the leather industry in Radomysl: the main component for leather production was oak bark, which was enough in the county. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In Radomysl, relic oaks. The age of the legendary oak trees is 500 years old, height is 35 meters, in a girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. The name of the village Dubovik *), surrounded by an oak forest, is also associated with the village of Tolsty Les. One of the first reports about the Radomysl tannery: file: ///Users/lhmaloratsky/Downloads/Dissertatsiya__pechat.pdf
In 1808, the Economic Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs decided to allocate 1,500 rubles to the Radomysl tradesman Zeylik Morduhovich on the proposal of the Kiev civil governor "to strengthen his tannery" (RGIA. F. 398. Op. 81. D. 1455. L. 1 - 2).
In Radomysl there were tanneries which, from artisanal enterprises, turned into small industrial enterprises (see the following table).
*) In the village of Dubovik, our ancestor Shloma Morduchovich Maloratsky (1777-1812) until 1807 owned the tavern (see previously presented archival materials)
One of the reasons for the emergence of tannery in Radomysl: the main component for the skin was an oak bark, which in the county was enough. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In the Radomysl relic oaks. The age of the legendary oaks is 500 years, height 35 meters, in the girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. This is connected with the name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the Tolsty Les.
Revizskie skazki of Radomysl:
http://ukrfamily.com.ua/index.php/kievskaya-guberniya/radomyslskij-uezd/radomysl-gorod/meshchane-g-radomyslya:
Fund 442 Inventory 1 Item 1 Case 1259
The attitude of the Kiev military governor to the Kiev provincial government on the consideration of the request of the Radomysl craftsmen of Jewish nationality to restore the handicraft administration in Radomysl. 10/08/1832
Fund 442 Inventory 71 Case 39
p. 97ob. On the presence in the city of Radomysl of the Kiev province of two tanneries. From the case of reporting information on plants and factories that pollute the air. October 1840
Fund 283 Inventory 12 Case 50
On the device in Radomysl Jewish E. Sokolikova brewery. 1873
Fund 1 Inventory 246 Case 105
On the permission of the petty bourgeois Leibe Shulimov Silberstein and Ilya Alterovich Gertsenshteyn device soap factory in the estate of Joseph Podonovsky in the town of Radomysl. 1909-1910.
http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=114
"All of Russia for 1899", p.311: - Leatherworking, Radomysl. In the village of Kichkivriv. Lutovka, Verzhbitsky *) hereditary. Rent. Kagansky Yos-Leib. - Leatherworking, Radomysl. m. Brusilov, Kaganovsky Zeylik.
*) The landowners of Wezbicki owned the lands of Radomysl, Malaya Racha
In 1840, two tanneries worked in Radomysl. Fund 442 Inventory 71 Case 39, f. 97ob. On the presence in the city of Radomysl of the Kiev province of two tanneries. From the case of reporting information on plants and factories that pollute the air. October 1840
http://ukrfamily.com.ua/index.php/kievskaya-guberniya/radomyslskij-uezd/radomysl-gorod/meshchane-g-radomyslya
Already in 1845 in Radomysl worked 4 tannery. During the years of the imperialist war, the tanneries grew rich; in Radomysl there were 5 tanneries.
In Radomysl there were large tanneries: on Rudna, the millionaire Gorinshtein, and in the forest on Sukharka, on the farm of the excise society "Apshtein and Co."; and small ones: on Rudnya - Bubis, in the city of Moskalenka and Los, on the farm - Yastrembovich and Garbarev, and over Berezets - Yastrembovich
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/1372-oleksandr-pirogov-legendi-radomishlya.html
In 1848 in Radomysl there were four tanneries with products worth 2.144 r.s. All four workers' factories had 12 employees.
https://books.google.com/books?id=ffUHAwAAQBAJ&pg
https://books.google.com/books?id=ffUHAwAAQBAJ&pg
http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452506#?page=123
In the directory "All Russia for 1895" in Radomysl our relative Hershka Sagalov owned a tannery with the release of 1,200 pairs:
Buying a fortress from 16.09.1850. To the tannery in Radomysl, sold by the philistine Vilensky L.G. Children Merchant Sagalov O., Morduch, Hershka and Haskel Sagalov. Found by Oleg Sagalov buying a fortress from 16.09.1850. Fund 486 Inventory 1 Case 11979 L. 10. The text was reprinted by Ilya Goldfarb (for details see further in the section of Sagalov):
"Buying fortress:
Years of the Thousand Eight Hundred Fiftieth Month of September in the 16th day;
Radomyselsky philistine Chaim Shepchel Leyzorovich Gomelsky Vilensky sold to the small children of Radomyslsky 3rd Guild of the Merchant's son Ovsey Sagalov, Mordechai, Hershka and Haskel Sagalov, his own leather factory, with their own houses and other outbuildings, as well as a pond convenient for building a mill and a land Is considered to be a length of 120 a width of 48 sazhen in the district town of Radomysl in the locality on the one side by the river Myka, with other alleys going past the barracks of the invalid team and the house of the official Goncharova, with the third Banya of the same invalid team and with the fourth earth of the heirs of the deceased petty bourgeois Andrei Uninchenka ... "
"Buying fortress:
Years of the Thousand Eight Hundred Fiftieth Month of September in the 16th day;
Radomyselsky philistine Chaim Shepchel Leyzorovich Gomelsky Vilensky sold to the small children of Radomyslsky 3rd Guild of the Merchant's son Ovsey Sagalov, Mordechai, Hershka and Haskel Sagalov, his own leather factory, with their own houses and other outbuildings, as well as a pond convenient for building a mill and a land Is considered to be a length of 120 a width of 48 sazhen in the district town of Radomysl in the locality on the one side by the river Myka, with other alleys going past the barracks of the invalid team and the house of the official Goncharova, with the third Banya of the same invalid team and with the fourth earth of the heirs of the deceased petty bourgeois Andrei Uninchenka ... "
<a>
Map of Radomysl in 1867, where the location of the leather plant of the Sagalov brothers was noted.
Naphtula Kagansky (the son of Yakov Kagansky, the brother of Chana Kagansky (grandmother Lev Maloratsky)) supplied leather from Poland to local tanneries.
Business catalog of the participation of our ancestors (and others)
In the leather industry in Radomysl district
Years Surnames Name Patronymic Position Title Quantity Power
status workers of kinship
______________________________________________________________________________
Gorenstein Gerariy Naftulovich director 56 - 62 _
1851-1899 (?) The Kiev merchant of the first Guild of tanneries
Manufacturer on Rudna
Katz Froim Yuzevich managing
Philistine (in Gorenstein)
1899 (?) - 1917 Gorenstein Naftula Gerarievich director 41 the son of Geraria
manufacturer leather factory (in 1900) Gorenstein
on Rudnea production
11000 pairs of shoes
per year
1915-1917 Apshtein Toviy Moiseevich *) director
Merchant of the first guild tannery _
factory owner in Suharka
before 1899 Kaganovsky Zeylik director
manufacturer leather factory
in Brusilov
before 1899 Kagansky Yos-Leib tannery
petty bourgeois shop worker in
village of Lutovka
before 1922 Kagansky director of leather brother of Chana
Moisei (Moshko) Izrailevich factory in Sucharka Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya)
фабрикант
At this factory worked:
Maloratsky husband of Chana
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya)
Chaimovich
petty bourgeois
Maloratskaya daughter of Mordechai
Rachil Markovna Maloratsky
bourgeois woman
Kagansky brother of Moisei
Meer Izrailevich Kagansky
petty bourgeois
Kagansky cousin
Yakov Meerovich of Moisei
petty bourgeois Kagansky
1850-1896 Sagalov Hershka Ovseevich director production brother of Marcus
manufacturer leather factory 1200 pairs of shoes and Abram Sagalov
per year (spouses Sofia and Clara
Maloratsky)
___________________________________________________________________________________
Business catalog of the participation of our ancestors (and others)
In the leather industry in Radomysl district
Years Surnames Name Patronymic Position Title Quantity Power
status workers of kinship
______________________________________________________________________________
Gorenstein Gerariy Naftulovich director 56 - 62 _
1851-1899 (?) The Kiev merchant of the first Guild of tanneries
Manufacturer on Rudna
Katz Froim Yuzevich managing
Philistine (in Gorenstein)
1899 (?) - 1917 Gorenstein Naftula Gerarievich director 41 the son of Geraria
manufacturer leather factory (in 1900) Gorenstein
on Rudnea production
11000 pairs of shoes
per year
1915-1917 Apshtein Toviy Moiseevich *) director
Merchant of the first guild tannery _
factory owner in Suharka
before 1899 Kaganovsky Zeylik director
manufacturer leather factory
in Brusilov
before 1899 Kagansky Yos-Leib tannery
petty bourgeois shop worker in
village of Lutovka
before 1922 Kagansky director of leather brother of Chana
Moisei (Moshko) Izrailevich factory in Sucharka Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya)
фабрикант
At this factory worked:
Maloratsky husband of Chana
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya)
Chaimovich
petty bourgeois
Maloratskaya daughter of Mordechai
Rachil Markovna Maloratsky
bourgeois woman
Kagansky brother of Moisei
Meer Izrailevich Kagansky
petty bourgeois
Kagansky cousin
Yakov Meerovich of Moisei
petty bourgeois Kagansky
1850-1896 Sagalov Hershka Ovseevich director production brother of Marcus
manufacturer leather factory 1200 pairs of shoes and Abram Sagalov
per year (spouses Sofia and Clara
Maloratsky)
___________________________________________________________________________________
*) About the events of 1905 at the tannery of the heir Gerariy Gorenstein - Naftula Gorenstein:
From the REPORT # 65 on February 4, 1905, to the Kiev Governor of the Radomysl District Warder Officer:
"At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from 2 February, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages ... In addition to the Report: ... started work on February 6. Owners added to the workers before the end of the term "." https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B8.pdf
From the REPORT # 65 on February 4, 1905, to the Kiev Governor of the Radomysl District Warder Officer:
"At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from 2 February, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages ... In addition to the Report: ... started work on February 6. Owners added to the workers before the end of the term "." https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ ...% D0% B8.pdf
Report
At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from 2 February, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages. Other workers invited to their place are persuaded not to start work. There were no clashes between workers.
I report this to Your Excellency, reporting that I am reporting this information to the Head of the Kiev Province Gendarme Office.
County Corrector (signature)
Report
In addition to the report dated February 4 for # 65, I inform Your Excellency that 25 workers, who had stopped work at the leather factory of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, started this work on February 6. The owners have added workers to the end of the period of employment.
At the tannery of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, from 2 February, some of the workers, including 25 people, of whom 20 Jews, stopped working, demanding an increase in wages. Other workers invited to their place are persuaded not to start work. There were no clashes between workers.
I report this to Your Excellency, reporting that I am reporting this information to the Head of the Kiev Province Gendarme Office.
County Corrector (signature)
Report
In addition to the report dated February 4 for # 65, I inform Your Excellency that 25 workers, who had stopped work at the leather factory of the heirs of the merchant Gorenstein, started this work on February 6. The owners have added workers to the end of the period of employment.
As well as other tannery production in the Radomysl district http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=1:
Gorenstein Naftula Gerarievich in Radomysl, the suburb of Rudnya (in the catalog below, in 1913, his son was already owned by his son Gorenstein Gerary (Gur-Arie) Naftulovich). At the heir of Verzhbitsky, Kagansky Yos-Leib rented a leather workshop (?) In Radomysl district, Kichkurovsky volost, Lutovka village. Kaganovsky Zeylik had a tannery in Radomysl district, the town of Brusilov. Naftula Kagansky (son of Yakov Kagansky, brother of Chana Kagansky) supplied the skin from Poland to local tanneries (see below). |
http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-29-27
On this map of 1867, three leather plants in the Suharka area are shown in triangles: one of them belonged to our ancestor Moisei Kagansky, and the other to Tovy Apshtein *). |
https://books.google.ca/books?id=cjYJAQAAIAAJ&q=%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD&dq=%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Y_j2T6jxNKm80QH0xIDdBg
*) Toviy Moiseevich Apshtein - the Kiev merchant of the 1st guild. Creator and leader of the society "T. Apshtein and Sons ", owner of sawmills, chairman of the board of the South-Russian society" Armatur ". He founded the plant for the production of leather "Apshtein and Sons" in the forest on the Sukharka River. In June 1919, the plant was selected by the Soviet authorities. |
1900. The tannery in Radomysl belonged to the Kiev 1st Guild merchant Gerary Naftulovich Gorenshtein; 41 workers of men (30 people of the local population and 11 people - an old one) worked at the plant; The factory manager was a petty bourgeois, Froim Uzepovich Katz ... Among the small commercial and industrial establishments in Radomysl were 3 tanneries.
In the town of Radomysl and its environs, mainly on Suharka, there were about 30 commercial and industrial tanning enterprises and chinbarny *), each employing 5-8 hired workers. Especially they were further developed during the First World War of 1914-1918. Chinburny fishing in the city was traditional. Depending on the technology of manufacture, different types of leather were manufactured: yuft, bilche, chrome, soles and other products that were in high demand. In 1915, at the farm Sucharka (or Suhartci), the merchant Anshtein of Kiev built the largest at that time tannery, which was equipped with the latest machines and had three shops for hard, yuft and soft leather (shavro, chrome). 120-150 workers worked at the plant. The plant produced the products exclusively for the needs of the army. Obviously, the owner of one of the tanneries in the village Sucharka was Kagansky (father of Chana Kaganskaya, grandmother of Leo Maloratsky). This assumption follows from the following story, told by Alexander Pirogov. From statistical data for 1900: Tannery, owned by the merchant of the 1st Guild of Kiev, Gerariy Naftulovich Gorenshtein, 41 men working men work at the plant; Of the total number of workers, 30 people fall on the local population and 11 people on the fringes; The manager of the plant is a petty bourgeois Frome Uzepov Katz.
There arises an involuntary question, why in Radomysl there were so many tanneries. The answer, perhaps, is this. The main component for dressing the skin was the oak bark, which in the county was enough. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. Preparing the crumbs from the oak bark was done by steam-driven duplex machines. In the Radomysl relic oaks. The age of the legendary oaks is 500 years, height 35 meters, in the girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. In ancient times the main wooden species of the Radomysl forests was the oak tree. This is connected with the name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the Tolsty Les. Tanners made, mainly, a different kind of shoemaking goods - "poluval", as well as plantar material. In Zhitomir and Zhitomir County, they were engaged in dressing "glove" suede and husky. The most common was the manufacture of yufti from the skins of cattle, less often - horses and calves. The yufty dressing included stages known in other parts of Ukraine and Belarus: soaking dried skins and cleaning. They were engaged in shoemaking in Radomysl, Zhitomir, Novograd-Volyn, Kovel, Lyuboml, Kostopil and other districts. Tannage of sheepskins with herbal substances (decoction of the bark of oak, vines, spruce, etc.) has become widely practiced. Tanning in artisanal production was carried out in two ways: simple (superficial) and through (in a tannic vat). http://pdf.kamunikat.org/14760-1.pdf
In Russia, Jews owned a large number of tanneries. In 1897, Jews owned 287 factories (54%), of which 162 tannery owned in the Kingdom of Polish Jews.
*) Chinbarnia is a handicraft enterprise (workshop) for processing (tanning) of the skin
There arises an involuntary question, why in Radomysl there were so many tanneries. The answer, perhaps, is this. The main component for dressing the skin was the oak bark, which in the county was enough. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. Preparing the crumbs from the oak bark was done by steam-driven duplex machines. In the Radomysl relic oaks. The age of the legendary oaks is 500 years, height 35 meters, in the girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. In ancient times the main wooden species of the Radomysl forests was the oak tree. This is connected with the name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the Tolsty Les. Tanners made, mainly, a different kind of shoemaking goods - "poluval", as well as plantar material. In Zhitomir and Zhitomir County, they were engaged in dressing "glove" suede and husky. The most common was the manufacture of yufti from the skins of cattle, less often - horses and calves. The yufty dressing included stages known in other parts of Ukraine and Belarus: soaking dried skins and cleaning. They were engaged in shoemaking in Radomysl, Zhitomir, Novograd-Volyn, Kovel, Lyuboml, Kostopil and other districts. Tannage of sheepskins with herbal substances (decoction of the bark of oak, vines, spruce, etc.) has become widely practiced. Tanning in artisanal production was carried out in two ways: simple (superficial) and through (in a tannic vat). http://pdf.kamunikat.org/14760-1.pdf
In Russia, Jews owned a large number of tanneries. In 1897, Jews owned 287 factories (54%), of which 162 tannery owned in the Kingdom of Polish Jews.
*) Chinbarnia is a handicraft enterprise (workshop) for processing (tanning) of the skin
Jews in Poland on the eve of the changes of the 19th and 20th centuries engaged mainly in small-scale trade. Trade activities have traditionally been considered a kind of professional specialization of Eastern European Jews. Jewish boys after completing their studies in heder, chose one of two "states" - "devote themselves to trade or a scientist in the field." Of course, this view of Jewish studies is not true due to extreme simplification, since there were many artisans, hired workers, etc. among Jews.
Modern researchers also agree that during the period under review it was petty trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; Moreover, in the Jewish environment there was a certain number of rich merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the census of 1897, trade accounted for 38.65% of the self-employed Jewish population, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all employed in trade. In 1810, Jews owned a large part of the shops, shops and prom. Enterprises in Radomysl. In Radomysl in 1845 there were 94 merchants among the Jews. Jews traded wood and wool. In 1910, Jews owned a large number of shops and industrial enterprises. There were 161 Jewish artisans out of a total of 198.
Jews have manifested themselves in all types of trade: intermediary, retail, wholesale and foreign. However, most of all they have succeeded in domestic trade - fair, bazaar, delivery, raznosnoy and stationary. In the townships, the Jews owned many shops, taverns, taverns, pubs and inns. No significant sale or purchase was complete without the direct or indirect participation of a Jew. According to I. Zelensky, the Jews "were in charge" of trade, speculation, and small county scam. He warned: "If you risk doing without a middleman, a Jew, you will certainly lose profits and lose." At the same time, objecting to its opponents about the “Jewish domination”, Zelensky emphasized: “There is no reason to assert that the monopoly of Jews in trade and crafts is an evil that stops the development of trade enterprise in the country. The reason for such a monopoly is to be found in the non-disposition of the local population to trade, in its innate tendency towards the agricultural industry, in the properties of the Christian and Jewish population, in the economic conditions of the country and, finally, in the historical course of events, under the influence of which the current classes and classes were formed ".
Modern researchers also agree that during the period under review it was petty trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; Moreover, in the Jewish environment there was a certain number of rich merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the census of 1897, trade accounted for 38.65% of the self-employed Jewish population, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all employed in trade. In 1810, Jews owned a large part of the shops, shops and prom. Enterprises in Radomysl. In Radomysl in 1845 there were 94 merchants among the Jews. Jews traded wood and wool. In 1910, Jews owned a large number of shops and industrial enterprises. There were 161 Jewish artisans out of a total of 198.
Jews have manifested themselves in all types of trade: intermediary, retail, wholesale and foreign. However, most of all they have succeeded in domestic trade - fair, bazaar, delivery, raznosnoy and stationary. In the townships, the Jews owned many shops, taverns, taverns, pubs and inns. No significant sale or purchase was complete without the direct or indirect participation of a Jew. According to I. Zelensky, the Jews "were in charge" of trade, speculation, and small county scam. He warned: "If you risk doing without a middleman, a Jew, you will certainly lose profits and lose." At the same time, objecting to its opponents about the “Jewish domination”, Zelensky emphasized: “There is no reason to assert that the monopoly of Jews in trade and crafts is an evil that stops the development of trade enterprise in the country. The reason for such a monopoly is to be found in the non-disposition of the local population to trade, in its innate tendency towards the agricultural industry, in the properties of the Christian and Jewish population, in the economic conditions of the country and, finally, in the historical course of events, under the influence of which the current classes and classes were formed ".
Radomysl
Business directory
1913
Midwives:
Grinshpun
Romashevich
Rybchinskaya
Pharmacies:
Kavenbach Fr.N.*,
___Director: Matkovsky Vladislav Alexander*
Geselsky Vasily*,
___Director: Kanoter Leib Moshko
Apothecary merchandise:
Gofman Iosif Lazar
Dudkin Morduch Duvid-Gersh
Kleinershekhet Vera Aizik
Rosenblat Avrum Gersh
Rosenblat Ovs. Iuda and Moshko-Yankel Gersh
Terebezhnik Avrum-Aria Itsko
Teselsky Vasily Vasily*
Groceries:
Averbuch Sura-Dvoira Meer-Simkha
Alperin Basya Boruch
Alpert Fanya Mordko
Banschik Moshko Avrum
Burstein Benzion Elya (and manufacture)
Belokrinitskaya Nechama Gershko
Weisbuch L.-I. M. (and haberdasher)
Verlotsky Boruch Ruvin
Vinnik Penya
Vinnitsky Duvid Mendel
Vinnitsky Morduch Itsko
Vinokur Chaya Ovs.
Goliona Ivan Kirill*
Dubinskaya Golda
Kaganskaya Chava Berko
Kagansky Yankel Volko
Komarovskaya Chaya Moshko
Komarovsky Boruch Shmul
Krichansky Avrum-Itsko Iosif
Krupnik Rivka Iosif
Ladovsky Moshko Boruch
Levitan Ita Gerts
Liberman Duvid Shmul
Lyubarsky Iosif Shmul
Markman Chana Yankel
Mostovaya Sheina-Beikha Berko
Portnoy Itsko Aron
Rabinovich Pesya Moshko
Radomyslsky Boruch Mendel
Rakhmelevich Sura Itsko
Sterman Yeina Shmul
Fedorovskaya Khasya Mordko
Fuks Shmul Ovs.
Khaskin T. Kh.
Shafirovsky Boruch Leib
Shafirovsky Shloma Boruch
Shafirovsky Elya Boruch
Sherman Aron Benzion
Shnitser Yankel-Leiba Chaim
Steinberg Chaim-Perets Tevel.
Elkun Aria Volko
Elkun Volko Gershko
Bakeries:
Dzyubenko Ivan Semen*
?edkovinskaya Vas. Rost.*
Wine:
Mazhbitz Benzion Liber.
Tsalyuk Boruch Shulim
Chubenko Mitry Michailo*
Wine stores No.158, 159.
Doctors:
Gorodetsky Yul.-Val. Stan.* (of town)
Lyubinsky Cesar Stan.*
Michailov N.N.*
Rodzayevsky Nik. Iv.* (of district, veterinary)
Savinov Iosif Dm.*
Zweifel Kas. Leizer (Jewish hospital)
Dentists:
Vollerner Lipa Yakov
Kagan Aron Boruch
Somakha Rosalia Iosif
Haberdasheries:
Bak Khasya Morduch
Berman Brucha Gershko
Birenberg Basya Morduch
Gorenstein Esther-Dina Mordko
Gokhveld Esther Abram
Litvin Nechemia Aron
Polinovsky Shaya Shulim
Rakhvalsky Avrum-Yankel Elya
Sagalov Iosif Morduch
Sinayuk Moshko Boruch
Terebezhnik Avrum-Aria Itsko
Chernyakhovsky Noach Benzion (and manufacture)
Ironware:
Vilensky Moshko Gershko
Gershenzon Baba Leib
Kotlyarsky Morduch Duvid
Morogovsky Michel Chaim
Skuratovskaya Reizya Tsalev.
Shapira Froim-Shmul Leib
Stone-masons:
Buzetti Severin Fortun.* and Diva Florian Karl*
Petroleum warehouse:
"Neft" Russian cooperative.
Nobel br.
Book sellings:
Zayezdny Elya Iosif
Pyatetsky Kh.A. & Co.
Futoryanskaya Lea Shmul
Tannery plants:
Bubis Itsko
Garbarev Georgy Nikolay*
Gorenstein Gorary Naftuly
Faibishenko Shmaya Yankel, Kanfer Chaim Shmul, Kanfer Shmarya Chaim
Yastrembovich Naum Vasily*
Tanning merchandise:
Kaganskaya Chaya-Feiga Tevel-Iosif
Kagansky Moshko Srul
Kislyuk Brucha Srul
Maloratsky Morduch Chaim
Ovrutskaya Rosya
Fridman Menya Chaim
Sausage:
Yanis Eduard
Credit Institutions:
Mutual credit Society
1th loan cooperative
2nd loan cooperative: Council chairman - Weinstein V.A.
Wood storage:
Dudkin Elya Duvid
Moroz Wolf Gershon and Rabinovich Mordko-Mendel Ruvin
Wood plants:
Moroz Wolf Gershon and Rabinovich Mordko-Mendel Ruvin
Revich Iosif Enk., Uchitel Noach Chaim, and Bubis Itsko
Frishman? Berko Iosif and Bardenstein Mordko Duvid, Mykgorod
Manufacture:
Baranovsky Elya Simkh.
Borodyanskaya Basya Alter
Borodyansky Ber Boruch
Budilovsky Shulim Nachman
Zilberman I.D.
Lipkina Lea Usher
Modylevsky Nuchim Shmul
Modylevskaya T.A.
Modylevsky David Berko
Morogovsky Usher Leib and Solomyannik Chaim Nuchim
Podgorskaya Brucha Shmul
Potiyevsky Chaim Srul-Khaskel
Rosenblat Rivka & Co., trust cooperative
Slobodetsky Nus Moshko
Spivak, brothers & Co.
Staroselskaya Rivka Menashe
Feldblum Srul Yudke & Co., coop.
Futoryanskaya Lea Shmul
Khandras Berko Moshko
Shabs Rivka Moshko
Shitsman Makhlya Moshko
Shmuzon Yuly Moissey, Shmuzon Nuchim Moissey and Kagarlitsky Duvid Menashe
Shmushkis Sosya
Butter:
Tsesiss Michel Srul
Room rent:
Vinnitsky Mich. Mendel
Grosman Basya
Mazhbits Sura
Nadgorny Peisach
Ostrovsky Perlya
Honey plant:
Distolyator Shimon (No.22; founded 1901)
Steam mills:
Averbuch M.A. Director: Vilensky V.Sh.
Grebelnikov Terenty Andrey*
Mechanical plant:
Kagan A.B. 50 workers.
Furriers:
Morogovsky Usher Leib and Solomyannik Chaim Nuchim
Spivak, brothers & Co.
Spivak, R. & Co., trust coop.
Flour:
Averbuch Moshko Avrum
Alpert Zisman Iosif
Vilensky Benyuma Sheftel
?ranivsky Chaim Iosif
Maryamchik Pin. Mordko
Maryamchik Charna Morduch
Nadgorny Benyum Peisakh
Nashkhen? Avrum Chaim
Polinovsky Moshko Duvid
Rabinovich Duvid Mendel
Rybak Itsko Khaikel
Skuratovskaya Reizya Tsalev.
Slobodetsky Moshko Nichim
Fuks Shimon-Chaim Ovs.
Cheskis ??? Alter
Elgort Gershon Kelman
Elgort Matus
Butcher merchant shopkeepers:
Goroy Dominiky*
Kaganovskaya Tylya Duvid
Rybak Simcha
Rybak Shmul Abram
Sapozhnik Chaim Leib
Skotland Aron Mordko
Khrulenko Natalya*
Shkidchenko Grigory*
Newspapers:
Radomysl paper of advertisements (biweekly newspaper)
Publisher: Zayezdny Elya Iosif, editor Shimansky K.F.
Price: 1 rub.
"Radomyslyanin" (3 times a week)
Editor-publisher Feldman Kh.M.
Price: 3 rub. (Sobornaya Square)
Brewery:
"Pilzen". Owners: Albrecht I.I., Velshan Ya.V. and Tayfert A.G.
Paper and writing goods:
Belokrinitskaya Nechama Gershko
Zayezdny Elya Iosif
Polinovsky Shaya Shulim
Pyatetsky Kh.A. & Co.
Futoryanskaya Lea Shmul
Clothes:
Eisenberg Pinkhas Elya
Gechtman Leizor Michel
Gechtman Sura Berko
Zagranichny Leiba Moshko
Men Khaya Avrum
Pyatetskaya Braindlya Moshko
Spivak, brothers & Co.
Juryman:
Bylina Iv.Zelis.*
Private jurymen:
Weinstein Wulf Abram
Gertzenstein Natan Alter
Podanovsky Iosif Iv.
Feldman Khonon Mark
Plates & dishes:
Abeleva Genya Aron
Gorenstein Esther-Dina Mordko
Chernyakhovsky Noach Benzion
Sheiner Iosya Ovs.
Restaurants:
Zhilinsky Iosif Iosif
Kailikh Yulius Ivan* (2)
Taifertu Adolf Genrich* (2)
Fish:
Nagorskaya Tsirlya Moshko
Agriculture machine:
Kagan A.B.
Kriger
Glaziery:
Levi-es Ovs. -in.
Textile plant:
Brenstein Iosif Yevel
Tobacco:
Spivak Sam. Iosif
Print plants:
Zayezdny Elya Iosif
Marzhbits A.L.
Pekar P.A.
Photographers:
Grzibowsky V.B.
Kaminsky Avr.-Moishe Boruch
Fruit:
Eisenberg Benzion Kiv.
Eisenberg Feiga-Rosya Moshko
Bread, grain:
Komarovsky Motel
Sitnyakovskaya Basya
Cheskis Ts.A.
Cement:
Dudkin Getse David-Gersh
Sewing machines:
Zinger Co.
Hats and caps:
Zheleznyak Tsirlya
Zheleznyak Sura
Nemirovskaya Rachla Abram
Sagalov Iosif Mordko (for women)
Asterisk (*) means the name is obviously not Jewish name.
This list may have any grammatic and other errors.
In Radomysl, as we can see from the above catalog of 1913, our ancestors worked in the tanning business in Radomysl: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, Moshko (Moisei) Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky, Rachil Maloratskaya (see part 2 of Chapter 1), Kaganskaya Chaya-Feiga Tevel-Joseph (perhaps the daughter of Feiga and Joseph Kagansky), Broha Kislyuk (Kaganskaya). And the participation of Kagansky in leather production began much earlier - the source: http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=114
"The Whole Russia for 1899," leather production of Radomysl, Verzhbitsky hereditary., Rent Kagansky Yos-Leib, Radomysl, Kichkirovsk, village of Lutovka. (Kagansky Yos-Leib, apparently, the father of Chaya Kaganskaya, which inherited his father's leather business).
Our ancestors Maloratsky (6-7 generations) from the city of Radomysl:
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (? - 1942)
Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) (1874-1935)
Rachil Maloratskaya (1895-1971)
Sofya Maloratskaya (1897 - 1974)
Clara Maloratskaya (1899 - 1982)
Manya Maloratskaya (1903-1942)
Faina Maloratskaya (1912-1984)
German Maloratsky (1910-1942)
Bethya Maloratskaya (1914 - 2001)
Wolf Maloratsky (1901-1918)
Lusia Maloratskaya (1907 - 1940)
"The Whole Russia for 1899," leather production of Radomysl, Verzhbitsky hereditary., Rent Kagansky Yos-Leib, Radomysl, Kichkirovsk, village of Lutovka. (Kagansky Yos-Leib, apparently, the father of Chaya Kaganskaya, which inherited his father's leather business).
Our ancestors Maloratsky (6-7 generations) from the city of Radomysl:
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (? - 1942)
Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) (1874-1935)
Rachil Maloratskaya (1895-1971)
Sofya Maloratskaya (1897 - 1974)
Clara Maloratskaya (1899 - 1982)
Manya Maloratskaya (1903-1942)
Faina Maloratskaya (1912-1984)
German Maloratsky (1910-1942)
Bethya Maloratskaya (1914 - 2001)
Wolf Maloratsky (1901-1918)
Lusia Maloratskaya (1907 - 1940)
Our ancestors and their business in Radomysl
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname Name, patronymic Years of Residence Place of residence Place of work Service status
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich (? -1942) Kupalnaya st. Leather factory worker
Sucharka
Maloratsky
Rachil Morduchovna (1895-1971) Kupalnaya st. Leather factory secretary ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Moisei (Moshko) Srulievich (1880-1947) Trading Sq. Leather factory director
(near the synagogue) Sukharka
Meer Srulievich (1870-1919) Leather factory employee
Sukharka
Kagansky Yakov Meerovich (1903-1985) Leather factory artisan Sukharka
Chaya Feiga Tevel is tannery. factory Leather factory
Sukharka
Yos-Leib Leather factory owner
Lutovka
Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (1902-? ) Children's home director
Radomysl
Chava Berkovna grocers store seller
Yankel Volkovich (1849-?) M. Chernobylskaya grocery store owner
house Kaganovskogo, apt. 1a merchant
Michel Moshkovich (~ 1840-?) shop of the factory merchant
Naphtula tannery leather supplier
Brocha Kaganskaya (Kislik) . (? -1945) leather factory
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Iosif Abramovich Meshanskaya Adm. member of the Mash. Adm.
Sagalov in Radomysl
Prisutstvennaya str.
Iosif Morduchovich (1867-1943) Trading Sq. Ladies Workshop
Rusanovskaya str. of hats
Morduch Ovseevich (1833-1897) leather factory owner
Haskel Ovseevich (1843-?) leather factory owner
Hershka Ovseevich (1835-?) lather factory owner
Abram Iosifovich (1826 -?) inn owner
Ita Chaimovna (1827 -?) the same inn co-owner
Morduch Ovseevich (1833-?) inn owner
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Iosif Leibovich (1906-1991) cloth factory spinning machine
Kaganovsky
Yankel Volfovich grocery store
Chava Berkovna grocery store
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Kiev. Lists of those who voted at the Provincial Duma elections (database)
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts (districts) The Kiev province.
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts (districts) The Kiev province.
In Malin, as follows from the table above, Avrum Morduchovich had the right to vote in the Kiev gubernia Duma, since he had immovable property estimated at 200 rubles *). The number of voters Malina in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was no more than 1,000 people. Information about Avrum Morduchovich was quoted earlier.
Maloratsky Shmul Avrumovich - probably the son of Avrum Maloratsky (b.1810) and Ester Liba Maloratskaya (b.1812) (the 4th generation of Maloratskys in the above-mentioned Genealogy) lived in the village of Zabore Glevatska volost of the Kiev province. The village of Zabore is located near Kiev, on the south-west of it. Slightly to the south of Zabore village is Fastov, where the resident of the table David-Chaim Iosifovich Maloratsky (absent from the above-mentioned Maloratsky family tree).
*) For the suffrage (in the form of a personal right to participate in an electoral congress) in the 2nd city curia it was required not less than a year before the elections in the same city (for choice): for cities of provincial, regional, with city governors and with a population of at least 20 thousand people to own real estate at a cost of at least 1000 rubles, in other places - at least 300 rubles.
http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/ (apparently, in Malin with a population of about 5,000 people in 1906/1907, when elections were held, the property qualification was somewhat lower). The number of Malin voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was less than 1,000 people. Proceeding from the general list, it turned out that more than 50% of the voters listed were Jews, which indicates a large number of Jews living and working in the province. The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, tax, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria.
http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/KievDuma.htm
http://ukrfamily.com.ua/index.php/tsgiak-ukrainy/fondy-uchrezhdenij-religioznogo-kulta/ravvinaty/fond-1164-kievskij-ravvinat/familii-iz-metricheskikh-knig-kievskogo-ravvinata
Some surnames from the metric books of the foundation 1164 The Kiev rabbinate:
.............................................
Maloratsky Meshilim-Zus
Some surnames from the metric books of the foundation 1164 The Kiev rabbinate:
.............................................
Maloratsky Meshilim-Zus
ACCOMMODATION LOCATIONS
in the late 18 century - early 20th century:
Malaya Racha
Malin
Radomysl
s. Zaborie, Glevahsky volost of the Kiev province
Fastov of Vasilkovsky district
Kiev
Lutck
Korostyshev
Ostrog (?)
USA
in the late 18 century - early 20th century:
Malaya Racha
Malin
Radomysl
s. Zaborie, Glevahsky volost of the Kiev province
Fastov of Vasilkovsky district
Kiev
Lutck
Korostyshev
Ostrog (?)
USA
The Maloratsky migration began from Malaya Racha in 1765:
Migration of our ancestors
For 200 years from the birth of Maloratsky in Malaya Racha to the early 20th century. There was a migration of our ancestors to the above places. This migration was due to a number of historical and economic processes: the partition of Poland, pogroms, wars, anti-Jewish government laws, etc.
The most active period of migration in Western Ukraine was in the 16th century. And the 17th century, when the region was under the rule of Poland. The Polish nobility invited the Jews to help manage their estates and develop economic activity in the newly created private cities. The predominantly Jewish cities (small towns) began to appear on the territory of Ukraine in the 15th century, when the Polish aristocracy invited the Jews to settle. By the 17th century, Jews also settled in eastern Ukraine. Pogroms in Radomysl. Jews lived in Radomysl from the 16th century. Jews lived in Radomysl from the 16th century. In the times of "Khmelnitchina" in the 17th century Radomysl was ruined; the Jewish population suffered. In the first half of the 18th century. Again there is information about the Jews in Radomysl. In 1750 the Haidamaks defeated the communities of Zvenigorodka (Cherkasy region), Tulchin, Vinnitsa, Letichev (Khmelnytsky region), Radomysl (Zhytomyr region), Fastov, Chernobyl, Volodarka (all - Kiev region) and other places. In the spring of 1768, the Zaporozhian Maxim Zaliznyak formed a detachment and moved south, thundering the landed estates and completely eliminating Poles and Jews.
In addition to the main detachment of the Haidamaks of Zalizniak, in the summer of 1768 there were many other groups, including the Haidamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko in the Radomysl district, which completely destroyed Poles and Jews. Gaydamaky could not enter Ostrog, where at that time there were quite a lot of Jews. Shlomo Abramovich (Shlomo's name is rare among 3000 Jewish names in this "Census"), born in 1730 - owner of the inn and his wife Khaya (Khaya), born in 1735, who could well have been the parents of our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich, born in 1757, who settled in the village of Malaya Racha according to the "Revizsky tales of 1795".
After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malaya Racha remained a part of Poland and was under her authority until 1793. Thus, the ancestors of the Maloratsky family from Malaya Racha lived almost the entire 18th century. In the territory of the Commonwealth. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Malaya Racha became a part of Russia. June 13, 1794, during the Jewish settlement of the province in the second half of the 18th century, in Malaya Racha in Poland (until the second partition of Poland in 1793), a Jewish family settled in the village, which kept a tavern in the village. In 1765, there were 7 souls in Malaya Racha, 4 in 1773, 7 in 1778, 6 in 1784, 4 in 1789, 8 in 1789, and 8 in 1791. Then Maloratsky moved from the village of Malaya Racha to Malin and Radomysl. Perhaps this coincided with the published Regulation of 1804 "The Norm on Eviction from the Countryside." The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In 1772 the first section of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place. Russia has restored to itself Belarus, and with it 100 thousand Jews. Under the following two sections of Rech Pospolita, a large part of Polish Jewry (and the Jewish diaspora in Poland is the largest in the world) joined the subjects of the Russian Empire.
The townspeople and merchants were not allowed to live in the villages. The Jewish business flourished mainly in the villages, not in the cities. In 1793 the second section of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Byelorussia, Podolia, Volyn and Polissya. In 1795, the third and last section of the Polish territories occurred, after which Russia acquired Kurland, the Piltensky District of Latvia and Lithuania. As a result of all the redistributions of land, instead of 100,000 Jews, Russia received almost one million Jewish subjects. The borders of the Pale of Settlement remained in thirteen western provinces.
In 1791, Empress Catherine II initiated the creation of Jewish settlement, a territory where Jews were allowed to settle and conduct a wide range of economic activities. In 1795 the establishment of a Jewish settlement was started, in 1835 it included the lands that Russia inherited from the Commonwealth and the Crimean Khanate. Since 1817 Jews could live only in small towns, mainly on the lands of Galicia, Volhynia and Podolia. Ukraine, as part of the pale, was densely populated by Jews. In large cities, such as Kiev, Kharkov, Odessa Jews were allowed to live if they had certain financial and social opportunities.
Thus, despite numerous restrictions, Jews played a significant role in the development of trade and industry in the region, and especially in the growth of its large cities such as Kiev, Odessa, Kharkov. In the 19th century. - the beginning of the 20th century. Jews actively migrated to the southern regions of Ukraine and Russia. In the early 19th century. An official attempt was made to place Jews in agricultural areas as farmers. The Jewish agricultural colonies were established, and the Jews were moved to the lands of the Kherson province, a continuous movement of Jews to the east and south began.
In 1827 a recruitment of young Jewish children was introduced into the schools of cantonists with the departure of 25 years of military service. The savage rules of recruitment became evidence of cruelty against Jews in Russia in the 19th century. This situation affected the family of Maloratsky. As can be seen from this archival document of 1834, one of our ancestors Itsko Maloratsky from Radomysl Uyezd was recruited in 1831 at the age of 17 years. The great-great-grandfather of Misha Shauli (grandson of Rachil Maloratskaya) was born Rozin, but when the place of the Zaltcman rich men came to give the Jewish boy to the army (cantonists), they paid poor Rosin, and the boy was written by Zaltcman.
The law of recruitment existed until 1856, during this time more than 50,000 young recruits were called up, baptized, appropriated to them Russian names and names, and their descendants were allowed to live outside the Pale of Settlement. The ground was prepared for a wave of hatred, which was stirred up by the assassination of Tsar Alexander II on March 1, 1881. The pogroms broke out simultaneously in various towns. For many Russian Jews, 1881 became a turning point: some went to emigration. Many of the Maloratskys at this time left Russia (see the beginning of this chapter).
In 1859, residence was allowed outside the Pale of Settlement to merchants of the 1st Guild, in 1861 - to holders of academic titles, in 1865 - to certain categories of artisans. Since 1881, a wave of pogroms swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms and extreme poverty in which most Jews lived in Russia, mass emigration began, primarily to the United States. The first wave of mass emigration began after the pogroms of 1881-82, the next was caused by the expulsion of Jews from Moscow. In 1891 all Jews were expelled from Moscow.
1905 - 1910 years - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia after the terrible war of pogroms that have gone through the entire Pale of Settlement and not only along it. Over these five years, more than half a million Jews have come to the country. In 1905, 92 thousand Jews left Russia, in 1256 - 125 thousand. Before the First World War almost two million Jews left the empire, more than one and a half from them came to America. The The First World War closed the option of emigration, but abolished the Pale of Settlement. The flight and eviction of the war period splashed up to half a million Jews into inner Russia. In 1920 and 1930, migration in this direction continued and even intensified.
The civil war that broke out as a result of the October 1917 coup and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime placed Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a marked reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing the tyranny of the new government. In the years 1917-1920. Pogroms covered the Kiev province (Berdichev district - 5 pogroms, Kiev district - 6 pogroms, Radomysl district - 41 pogrom, Radomysl district with part of Zhitomir county of Volyn province - 62 pogroms).
The Red Army in 1919 was about ten times larger than the size of the White armies; nevertheless, the Reds accounted for much less Jewish pogrom that year - 106, and the killed - 725, than for the Whites, - 213 pogroms and 5,235 dead. But most of all grief was brought to the Jews by the troops of the Directory - Petliurists, soldiers of the army of independent Ukraine. They accounted for 439 pogroms and almost 17 thousand killed - more than on account of various gangs, also mostly from the Ukrainians: 307 pogroms and 4,615 killed.
1919 - a wave of pogroms was instigated in Ukraine and Poland, inspired by Ukrainian, Polish and White armies and Cossacks. More than five hundred Jewish settlements were damaged and thousands of Jews were killed. Civil war turned out to be a real catastrophe for them: as a result of pogroms almost 100,000 people were killed.
On February 18 and March 12-13, 1919, there were pogroms in Radomysl, arranged by parts of the Directory, on March 23-31, gangs of ataman Sokolovsky. In May 1919 the Sokolovsky gangs organized another pogrom in Radomysl. Early in the morning, when the population was still sleeping, the gang of the ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered over Jewish apartments and began killing and robbing. The population caught unexpectedly had no chance to escape anywhere, and in this way, over 400 people of different sexes and ages from old to infants were killed and several thousand Jews fled the city.
Many refugees arrived in Kiev, with them fourteen orphaned children, each of whom lost both parents in the massacre. Among those killed in Radomysl was our relative Meer Kagansky (brother Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya)) (see below information about the Kagansky family). The total number of refugees from Radomysl reached 10,000 people. A sharp decrease in the number of Jews in 1926 (4.637) compared with 1913 (41.501) !!!
In October 1920, the Jewish pogrom, accompanied by massacres, torture, rape, robbery, arson of houses in the city, was already organized by the "valiant" Budennovsk units of the First Cavalry Army who established Soviet power in the district under the slogan "Bei Yids and Commissars". In the early 20 century. Many Jews of Radomysl went to other countries. In 1904, a charitable association "Radomysler unterzitsung verein" was organized as a community in the USA.
The list of our ancestors from Malin, arrived in Ellis Island (USA) is given above in this Chapter. The pogrom in Fastov in August - September 1919. The results of the Fastov pogrom are terrible. Killed so far there are 600 people, burned - 100, wounded - 315. In Fastov, there were many refugees from Radomysl, Brusilov, Kornin, Tarashchi, who do not even know where they disappeared.
http://scepsis.net/library/id_1879.html
Among them, the family of Maloratsky David-Chaim (see above).
The significant decline in the number of Jews in 1926 compared with 1910 is due to the most severe Jewish pogroms (especially in 1919) and the immigration of Jews to America and Palestina. These events, which directly touched our ancestors, are described in this Chapter.
In 1926 there were 4637 Jews in Radomysl (36 percent of the total population). However, as early as 1934 the report of the Radomysl City Council testifies to the growth of the Jewish stratum in the city to 5.3 thousand (47.7%). Obviously, rural Jews moved to the city, who were saved from forced collectivization and associated repression and the famine of 1932-1933. During the period of the German-fascist occupation of the city, the Jews who remained in Radomysl were exterminated by the invaders. In August 1941, about 1500 Jews were shot in the tract near the Kuzmich farm and in the ravine near the river Cherchi.
For 200 years from the birth of Maloratsky in Malaya Racha to the early 20th century. There was a migration of our ancestors to the above places. This migration was due to a number of historical and economic processes: the partition of Poland, pogroms, wars, anti-Jewish government laws, etc.
The most active period of migration in Western Ukraine was in the 16th century. And the 17th century, when the region was under the rule of Poland. The Polish nobility invited the Jews to help manage their estates and develop economic activity in the newly created private cities. The predominantly Jewish cities (small towns) began to appear on the territory of Ukraine in the 15th century, when the Polish aristocracy invited the Jews to settle. By the 17th century, Jews also settled in eastern Ukraine. Pogroms in Radomysl. Jews lived in Radomysl from the 16th century. Jews lived in Radomysl from the 16th century. In the times of "Khmelnitchina" in the 17th century Radomysl was ruined; the Jewish population suffered. In the first half of the 18th century. Again there is information about the Jews in Radomysl. In 1750 the Haidamaks defeated the communities of Zvenigorodka (Cherkasy region), Tulchin, Vinnitsa, Letichev (Khmelnytsky region), Radomysl (Zhytomyr region), Fastov, Chernobyl, Volodarka (all - Kiev region) and other places. In the spring of 1768, the Zaporozhian Maxim Zaliznyak formed a detachment and moved south, thundering the landed estates and completely eliminating Poles and Jews.
In addition to the main detachment of the Haidamaks of Zalizniak, in the summer of 1768 there were many other groups, including the Haidamak detachment of Ivan Bondarenko in the Radomysl district, which completely destroyed Poles and Jews. Gaydamaky could not enter Ostrog, where at that time there were quite a lot of Jews. Shlomo Abramovich (Shlomo's name is rare among 3000 Jewish names in this "Census"), born in 1730 - owner of the inn and his wife Khaya (Khaya), born in 1735, who could well have been the parents of our ancestor Mordechai Shlomovich, born in 1757, who settled in the village of Malaya Racha according to the "Revizsky tales of 1795".
After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malaya Racha remained a part of Poland and was under her authority until 1793. Thus, the ancestors of the Maloratsky family from Malaya Racha lived almost the entire 18th century. In the territory of the Commonwealth. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Malaya Racha became a part of Russia. June 13, 1794, during the Jewish settlement of the province in the second half of the 18th century, in Malaya Racha in Poland (until the second partition of Poland in 1793), a Jewish family settled in the village, which kept a tavern in the village. In 1765, there were 7 souls in Malaya Racha, 4 in 1773, 7 in 1778, 6 in 1784, 4 in 1789, 8 in 1789, and 8 in 1791. Then Maloratsky moved from the village of Malaya Racha to Malin and Radomysl. Perhaps this coincided with the published Regulation of 1804 "The Norm on Eviction from the Countryside." The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In 1772 the first section of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place. Russia has restored to itself Belarus, and with it 100 thousand Jews. Under the following two sections of Rech Pospolita, a large part of Polish Jewry (and the Jewish diaspora in Poland is the largest in the world) joined the subjects of the Russian Empire.
The townspeople and merchants were not allowed to live in the villages. The Jewish business flourished mainly in the villages, not in the cities. In 1793 the second section of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Byelorussia, Podolia, Volyn and Polissya. In 1795, the third and last section of the Polish territories occurred, after which Russia acquired Kurland, the Piltensky District of Latvia and Lithuania. As a result of all the redistributions of land, instead of 100,000 Jews, Russia received almost one million Jewish subjects. The borders of the Pale of Settlement remained in thirteen western provinces.
In 1791, Empress Catherine II initiated the creation of Jewish settlement, a territory where Jews were allowed to settle and conduct a wide range of economic activities. In 1795 the establishment of a Jewish settlement was started, in 1835 it included the lands that Russia inherited from the Commonwealth and the Crimean Khanate. Since 1817 Jews could live only in small towns, mainly on the lands of Galicia, Volhynia and Podolia. Ukraine, as part of the pale, was densely populated by Jews. In large cities, such as Kiev, Kharkov, Odessa Jews were allowed to live if they had certain financial and social opportunities.
Thus, despite numerous restrictions, Jews played a significant role in the development of trade and industry in the region, and especially in the growth of its large cities such as Kiev, Odessa, Kharkov. In the 19th century. - the beginning of the 20th century. Jews actively migrated to the southern regions of Ukraine and Russia. In the early 19th century. An official attempt was made to place Jews in agricultural areas as farmers. The Jewish agricultural colonies were established, and the Jews were moved to the lands of the Kherson province, a continuous movement of Jews to the east and south began.
In 1827 a recruitment of young Jewish children was introduced into the schools of cantonists with the departure of 25 years of military service. The savage rules of recruitment became evidence of cruelty against Jews in Russia in the 19th century. This situation affected the family of Maloratsky. As can be seen from this archival document of 1834, one of our ancestors Itsko Maloratsky from Radomysl Uyezd was recruited in 1831 at the age of 17 years. The great-great-grandfather of Misha Shauli (grandson of Rachil Maloratskaya) was born Rozin, but when the place of the Zaltcman rich men came to give the Jewish boy to the army (cantonists), they paid poor Rosin, and the boy was written by Zaltcman.
The law of recruitment existed until 1856, during this time more than 50,000 young recruits were called up, baptized, appropriated to them Russian names and names, and their descendants were allowed to live outside the Pale of Settlement. The ground was prepared for a wave of hatred, which was stirred up by the assassination of Tsar Alexander II on March 1, 1881. The pogroms broke out simultaneously in various towns. For many Russian Jews, 1881 became a turning point: some went to emigration. Many of the Maloratskys at this time left Russia (see the beginning of this chapter).
In 1859, residence was allowed outside the Pale of Settlement to merchants of the 1st Guild, in 1861 - to holders of academic titles, in 1865 - to certain categories of artisans. Since 1881, a wave of pogroms swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms and extreme poverty in which most Jews lived in Russia, mass emigration began, primarily to the United States. The first wave of mass emigration began after the pogroms of 1881-82, the next was caused by the expulsion of Jews from Moscow. In 1891 all Jews were expelled from Moscow.
1905 - 1910 years - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia after the terrible war of pogroms that have gone through the entire Pale of Settlement and not only along it. Over these five years, more than half a million Jews have come to the country. In 1905, 92 thousand Jews left Russia, in 1256 - 125 thousand. Before the First World War almost two million Jews left the empire, more than one and a half from them came to America. The The First World War closed the option of emigration, but abolished the Pale of Settlement. The flight and eviction of the war period splashed up to half a million Jews into inner Russia. In 1920 and 1930, migration in this direction continued and even intensified.
The civil war that broke out as a result of the October 1917 coup and the establishment of the Bolshevik regime placed Jews on opposite sides of the barricades and led to a marked reduction in the Jewish population of Radomysl. Many Jews left the city, fleeing the tyranny of the new government. In the years 1917-1920. Pogroms covered the Kiev province (Berdichev district - 5 pogroms, Kiev district - 6 pogroms, Radomysl district - 41 pogrom, Radomysl district with part of Zhitomir county of Volyn province - 62 pogroms).
The Red Army in 1919 was about ten times larger than the size of the White armies; nevertheless, the Reds accounted for much less Jewish pogrom that year - 106, and the killed - 725, than for the Whites, - 213 pogroms and 5,235 dead. But most of all grief was brought to the Jews by the troops of the Directory - Petliurists, soldiers of the army of independent Ukraine. They accounted for 439 pogroms and almost 17 thousand killed - more than on account of various gangs, also mostly from the Ukrainians: 307 pogroms and 4,615 killed.
1919 - a wave of pogroms was instigated in Ukraine and Poland, inspired by Ukrainian, Polish and White armies and Cossacks. More than five hundred Jewish settlements were damaged and thousands of Jews were killed. Civil war turned out to be a real catastrophe for them: as a result of pogroms almost 100,000 people were killed.
On February 18 and March 12-13, 1919, there were pogroms in Radomysl, arranged by parts of the Directory, on March 23-31, gangs of ataman Sokolovsky. In May 1919 the Sokolovsky gangs organized another pogrom in Radomysl. Early in the morning, when the population was still sleeping, the gang of the ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered over Jewish apartments and began killing and robbing. The population caught unexpectedly had no chance to escape anywhere, and in this way, over 400 people of different sexes and ages from old to infants were killed and several thousand Jews fled the city.
Many refugees arrived in Kiev, with them fourteen orphaned children, each of whom lost both parents in the massacre. Among those killed in Radomysl was our relative Meer Kagansky (brother Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya)) (see below information about the Kagansky family). The total number of refugees from Radomysl reached 10,000 people. A sharp decrease in the number of Jews in 1926 (4.637) compared with 1913 (41.501) !!!
In October 1920, the Jewish pogrom, accompanied by massacres, torture, rape, robbery, arson of houses in the city, was already organized by the "valiant" Budennovsk units of the First Cavalry Army who established Soviet power in the district under the slogan "Bei Yids and Commissars". In the early 20 century. Many Jews of Radomysl went to other countries. In 1904, a charitable association "Radomysler unterzitsung verein" was organized as a community in the USA.
The list of our ancestors from Malin, arrived in Ellis Island (USA) is given above in this Chapter. The pogrom in Fastov in August - September 1919. The results of the Fastov pogrom are terrible. Killed so far there are 600 people, burned - 100, wounded - 315. In Fastov, there were many refugees from Radomysl, Brusilov, Kornin, Tarashchi, who do not even know where they disappeared.
http://scepsis.net/library/id_1879.html
Among them, the family of Maloratsky David-Chaim (see above).
The significant decline in the number of Jews in 1926 compared with 1910 is due to the most severe Jewish pogroms (especially in 1919) and the immigration of Jews to America and Palestina. These events, which directly touched our ancestors, are described in this Chapter.
In 1926 there were 4637 Jews in Radomysl (36 percent of the total population). However, as early as 1934 the report of the Radomysl City Council testifies to the growth of the Jewish stratum in the city to 5.3 thousand (47.7%). Obviously, rural Jews moved to the city, who were saved from forced collectivization and associated repression and the famine of 1932-1933. During the period of the German-fascist occupation of the city, the Jews who remained in Radomysl were exterminated by the invaders. In August 1941, about 1500 Jews were shot in the tract near the Kuzmich farm and in the ravine near the river Cherchi.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Years Place: Malaya Racha Radomysl Malin USA
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1765-1810
Mordechai (1757-1815)
Genya (1760 -?)
Moshko (1780?)
Chaim (1791 - 1833)
Pesya (1781-?)
Shlomo (1780 -?)
Sura (1779-?)
Hana (1793-?)
Shevel (1795-?)
Avrum Mord. (1795-1818)
Avrum Haim. (1820-?)
Esther Lieb (1812-?)
only 12 peopl
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1810-1835 Shlomo (1779-1812)
Chaim (1791 - 1833) Haskell (1801-1813)
Chervel (?) (1795-1830)
Dina (1815-?)
Pesya (1781-?)
Moshko (1780-1832)
Sura (1779-?)
Hana (1793-?) Abramco (1800 -?)
Shevel (1795-?) Chaya
Avrum Mord. (1795-1818) Mordechai (1830 -?)
Avrum Chaim. (1820-?) Sura (1831 -?)
Esther Lieb (1812-?)
Ginah (1826-?)
Feiga (1832-?)
Itzko (1818-?)
Mordechai (1822-?)
Ruhlya (1822-?)
Chaya Zivia (1833-?)
only 18 people
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1835-1910 Shmul Mordechai (1822-?)
Shevel (1842-?) Ruchla (1822-?)
Morduhai (1846-?) Chaim (1847-?)
Morduhai (1880-?) Abraham (1859-?)
only 4 people +? of the surviving 16 people. Joseph (?)
Gysya Freyga (1850-?)
Hershko (1885-?)
Tsipa (1876-?)
Chaya (1881-?)
Avrum (1859-?)
Etya Rivka (1861-?)
Morduch (1880-?)
Michel (1884-?)
Zus (1891-1931)
Yudko (1893-?)
Rashmiel (1894-1972)
Eva (1896-1954)
Chava (1888-?)
Hayk (1895-?)
Leib (1878-?)
Macy's (1912-?)
David (1903-?)
Rachel (1905-?)
Solomon (1907-?)
Manya (1909-?)
Basia (1911-?)
Yuda (1890-?)
Morduhai (1879-?)
Clara(?)
Mary (1903-?)
31 people in total
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1890-1913 Мордухай (?-1942)
Хана (1874-1935) Аврум (1859-1950)
Шмуль(?) Этя Ривка (1861-1950)
Дувид (?) Мордух (1880-?)
Рахиль (1895-1971) Михель (1884-?)
Софья (1897-1974) Зусь (1891-1931)
Клара (1899-1982) Юдко (1893-?)
Герман (1910-1941) Рашмиэль (1894-1972)
Eва (1896-1954)
Фаина (1912-1984) Хава (1888-?)
Маня (1903-1942) Хайка (1895-?)
Бетя (1914-2001) Мордухай (1880-?)
Вольф (1901-1918) Лейб (1878-?)
Люся (1907-1940) Мейси (1912-?)
всего 14 чел Дэвид (1903-?) Рашель (1905-?)
Соломон (1907-?)
Маня (1909-?)
Бася (1911-?)
Юда (1890-?)
Мордухай (1879-?)
Клара (?)
Мэри (1903-?)
Всего иммигрировало 23 чел.
Migration of Maloratsky, with the most common names Morduchai, Chaim, Ioseph, Abraham:
As the analysis of archival materials, given in Appendix 5 Part 2 of Chapter 1, has shown, the settlement of our Maloratskikhs from the end of the 18th century before the beginning of the 20th century It looked like this: in Malaya Racha there were 10 of our ancestors, in Radomysl - 30, and in Malin - ~ 50.
The Maloratskys, found in the indicated archival documents, were related to each other over the course of three centuries. In addition to them, several dozens of Maloratskys were found in archival documents, whose family ties with us have not yet been established. However, undoubtedly, they are our relatives, since they all came from the same family that came out of Malaya Racha at the end of the 18th century.
During the relocation of the Maloratsky from Malaya Rachi to Radomysl and Malin, the demographics of these places looked as follows:
in Malaya Racha in 1810 there were 10 Jews who were resettled in Radomysl and Malin;
in Radomysl in 1801 there were 1,474 Jews (65% of the population), and in 1848 - 2,803 Jews;
in Malin in 1790 there were 147 Jews, and in 1847 there were 1064 Jews (40% of the population).
The dynamics of the migration of Jews to Malin in this period of time was more significant than in Radomysl. This may be because the influx of Jews was mainly from the countryside; for them the living conditions of the town of Malin were more acceptable. On the other hand, in Malin in 1795 there were a lot of Jews (23 people) renting a tavern (see file: /// Users / lhmaloratsky / Downloads /% D0% A0% D0% B5% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% BE_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D1% 8F% D1% 85_% D0% 9A% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0%
And this is despite the fact that only about 350 people lived in Malin at that time, 147 of them Jews. Faced with such fierce competition, it is possible that the Maloratsky, who came to Malin from Malaya Racha, were forced to seek refuge in others However, already in 1847 there were 1,064 Jews in Malin, which accounted for 40% of the population And at this time it is possible that a part of the Maloratsky again turned out to be in Malin, as well as in Radomysl, where at that time there were 2,803 Jews.
The Maloratskys, found in the indicated archival documents, were related to each other over the course of three centuries. In addition to them, several dozens of Maloratskys were found in archival documents, whose family ties with us have not yet been established. However, undoubtedly, they are our relatives, since they all came from the same family that came out of Malaya Racha at the end of the 18th century.
During the relocation of the Maloratsky from Malaya Rachi to Radomysl and Malin, the demographics of these places looked as follows:
in Malaya Racha in 1810 there were 10 Jews who were resettled in Radomysl and Malin;
in Radomysl in 1801 there were 1,474 Jews (65% of the population), and in 1848 - 2,803 Jews;
in Malin in 1790 there were 147 Jews, and in 1847 there were 1064 Jews (40% of the population).
The dynamics of the migration of Jews to Malin in this period of time was more significant than in Radomysl. This may be because the influx of Jews was mainly from the countryside; for them the living conditions of the town of Malin were more acceptable. On the other hand, in Malin in 1795 there were a lot of Jews (23 people) renting a tavern (see file: /// Users / lhmaloratsky / Downloads /% D0% A0% D0% B5% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% B7% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% B0_% D0% BE_% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D1% 8F% D1% 85_% D0% 9A% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0%
And this is despite the fact that only about 350 people lived in Malin at that time, 147 of them Jews. Faced with such fierce competition, it is possible that the Maloratsky, who came to Malin from Malaya Racha, were forced to seek refuge in others However, already in 1847 there were 1,064 Jews in Malin, which accounted for 40% of the population And at this time it is possible that a part of the Maloratsky again turned out to be in Malin, as well as in Radomysl, where at that time there were 2,803 Jews.
This diagram represents a period of about 150 years, during which the Maloratskys were mainly located in Malin and Radomysl. Most of them were concentrated in Malin, from where at the end of the 19th century. - early 20 in. their active immigration to America began. During this time, Malin left about 50 members of about 10 families of the Maloratsky, mainly descendants of Abraham Morduchovich Maloratsky (1859 -?) And Ioseph Morduchovich Maloratsky (? - 1894). The descendants of their brother Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky (1847 -?) Continued to live in Russia, and then in the USSR and began to move to America, Israel, Canada, Germany in the second half of the 20th century. Currently in Russia and the former republics of the USSR, the Maloratskys and their descendants are almost gone.
Jewish male names of our ancestors Maloratsky
Maloratsky Years of Birth
Avrum (Abracham, Avraam) 1795, 1810, 1859, 1894, 1906, 1910, 1914, 1917
Volf 1901
German 1910
Hersh (Hershko) 1885
Ginach 1826,
David 1903, 1905
Zus (Zisel, Samuil, Sam) 1889, 1916
Isidor 1916
Joseph 1817, 1894, 1898, 1914
Itcka 1814, 1818
Kalman (Karl) 1894
Leib 1878, 1882
Meer 1903
Michel (Mishel) 1884, 1893, 1919
Mordechai (Morduch, Mordko, Max) 1731, 1754, 1757, 1822, 1846, 1879, 1907, 1919, 1926
Moshko 1780
Rashmiel 1894
Samuel 1890
Sol 1908
Solomon 1904
Salmon 1907
Chaim 1791, 1847, 1929
Chaskel 1916
Shavel 1842
Shloma 1730, 1780
Shmul 1846
Yuda (Yudko) 1823, 1890
Yulius (Yulyi) 1826, 1920, 1923
As follows from this list:
- most often in the Maloratsky family there were names of Mordechai (Morduch, Mordko, Max) (9), and Avrum (Abraham, Abraham) (8);
- research period: 1730 -1929;
- The most ancient name: Shloma 1730; - there are 28 names in the list, of which 16 names are found once; 12 names passed by inheritance, as was customary among the Jews.
- there are a total of 28 names, of which only 16 occur once; 12 names were inherited, as was customary in the Jews.
On the basis of all the archive documents we have, it is interesting to restore the chronology and geography of our direct relatives.
The results obtained are summarized in the following table:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
First name Last name Years of life Place Years Archival documents
stay stay
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Mordechai Shlomovich no last name Malaya Racha 1765-1808 Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1795
Maloratsky 1753-1815 Radomysl 1808-1815 Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1816
"The rule of eviction of Jews from the countryside "List
of migrants in Radomysl, 1808"
2. Chaim Morduchovich no last name 1790-1833 Malaya Racha 1790-1808 Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1795
Maloratsky Radomysl 1808-1815 Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1816
Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1834
"The rule of eviction of Jews from the countryside
List of migrants in Radomysl, 1808
3. Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky 1822 Radomysl Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1834
Revizskie skazki Radomysl county 1850
4. Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky 1847 Malin The first general census
Markman's house, apartment no. 2 of the Russian Empire in 1897
1880 Verification of commercial and industrial
institutions Radomysl County.
List of Jewish parishioners Big
Prayer School, compiled in January 1895
Resolution Malinsky petty bourgeois government
about the enrollment of Chaim Maloratsky in
the family Malin burghers, 1903
5. Mordechai (Mark) Chamovich Maloratsky 1870-1942 Malin 1870- ~ 1890 The first general census Radomysl 1890–1928
population of the Russian Empire in 1897
Kiev ~ 1928-1941 Resolution Malinsky petty bourgeois government
Tashkent 1941-1942 on the admission of Mordechai Maloratsky to
Malin family of townspeople, 1903 Radomysl
Business directory 1913
6. German Markovich Maloratsky 1910-1941 Radomysl 1910- ~ 1928
Kiev ~ 1928-1937
Moscow 1937-1941
Bryansk Front 1941
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maloratskys and their relatives
Genus Maloratsky connected with the genus Kagansky: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky married Chana Kagansky
7. Kagansky family
Тhe genus Maloratsky joined the Kagansky family:
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky married the Chana Kagansky
Family of Kagansky
The KAGANSKY surname originated from the form “KAGAN” - the Aramaic equivalent of “Kagan” and is associated with Cohen, a title corresponding to the Jewish priesthood. In antiquity, the kohanim, descendants of the high priest Aaron through the male line, served in the Jerusalem Temple. After the destruction of the Temple and to this day, the Cohenes have a special role in the synagogues during prayer; many of them had additions, these additions turned into their last names. The surnames Kagansky and Kaganovsky went from “kohan”.
As our studies have shown, of all the branches of our family (Maloratsky, Kagansky, Radomyslsky, Sagalov, Kaganovsky, Zakon, Sagalov, Gercenberg), the only branch associated with all other branches is the Kagansky branch.
The KAGANSKY surname originated from the form “KAGAN” - the Aramaic equivalent of “Kagan” and is associated with Cohen, a title corresponding to the Jewish priesthood. In antiquity, the kohanim, descendants of the high priest Aaron through the male line, served in the Jerusalem Temple. After the destruction of the Temple and to this day, the Cohenes have a special role in the synagogues during prayer; many of them had additions, these additions turned into their last names. The surnames Kagansky and Kaganovsky went from “kohan”.
As our studies have shown, of all the branches of our family (Maloratsky, Kagansky, Radomyslsky, Sagalov, Kaganovsky, Zakon, Sagalov, Gercenberg), the only branch associated with all other branches is the Kagansky branch.
Diagram prepared by Ilya Goldfarb)
(our ancestors are highlighted in yellow)
(our ancestors are highlighted in yellow)
Total found 342 ancestors of the genus Kagansky.
The above diagram of the Kagansky family tree is based on genealogical reconstruction, where the following sources were used for townships and cities of Korostyshev, Rzhishchev, Habnoye and Radomysl:
1. The census of the Jewish population in the southwestern region for the years 1763-1791.
The census of Jews in the Kiev and Zhytomyr povitah Kyivska voivodship. May 1st, 1778
2. The Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 33
Revizskie skazki of the Jews of Radomysl district. 1795
RS about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of the Skvirsky district. 400 l.
3. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 375.
Additional revision tales about the Jewish bourgeois of Kiev, Vasilkovsky, Boguslavsky and Radomysl districts for 1818 875 liters.
4. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 641
Audit tales about merchants and petty bourgeois Jews of Radomysl district for 1834 694 liters.
5. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000
Audit tales about merchants, burghers and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 l.
6. Fund 384 Kiev provincial commission of the 1st general census of population in 1897
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Radomysl district. The number of cases 628.
The reconstruction took into account the following factors:
Surnames began to be appropriated from 1806, before this, namely in 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymic names. At the time of the assignment of the last name, it could turn out that the brothers could get different last names.
Jewish traditions relating to the choice of names for newborns: Ashkenazi named their children in honor of their deceased ancestors and relatives on the paternal and maternal lines. Although the convention was not as strict as that of the Sephardic people, the general principles probably coincided. Therefore, we present the general provisions on the names of Sephardi:
the firstborn was named after his paternal grandfather,
the second boy in honor of his maternal grandfather,
the first daughter was named after her paternal grandmother,
the second girl is in honor of the maternal grandmother,
the next in honor of the paternal uncle / aunts,
the next in honor of the maternal uncle / aunts,
etc.
The fact that the entries in the revision were directly close to each other, could mean family ties.
The above diagram of the Kagansky family tree is based on genealogical reconstruction, where the following sources were used for townships and cities of Korostyshev, Rzhishchev, Habnoye and Radomysl:
1. The census of the Jewish population in the southwestern region for the years 1763-1791.
The census of Jews in the Kiev and Zhytomyr povitah Kyivska voivodship. May 1st, 1778
2. The Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 33
Revizskie skazki of the Jews of Radomysl district. 1795
RS about the Jews of Radomysl, Korostyshevsky, Brusilovsky, Malinsky kagals, Khodorkovsky kagal of the Skvirsky district. 400 l.
3. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 375.
Additional revision tales about the Jewish bourgeois of Kiev, Vasilkovsky, Boguslavsky and Radomysl districts for 1818 875 liters.
4. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 641
Audit tales about merchants and petty bourgeois Jews of Radomysl district for 1834 694 liters.
5. Foundation 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000
Audit tales about merchants, burghers and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 l.
6. Fund 384 Kiev provincial commission of the 1st general census of population in 1897
Fond 384 Inventory 9 Radomysl district. The number of cases 628.
The reconstruction took into account the following factors:
Surnames began to be appropriated from 1806, before this, namely in 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymic names. At the time of the assignment of the last name, it could turn out that the brothers could get different last names.
Jewish traditions relating to the choice of names for newborns: Ashkenazi named their children in honor of their deceased ancestors and relatives on the paternal and maternal lines. Although the convention was not as strict as that of the Sephardic people, the general principles probably coincided. Therefore, we present the general provisions on the names of Sephardi:
the firstborn was named after his paternal grandfather,
the second boy in honor of his maternal grandfather,
the first daughter was named after her paternal grandmother,
the second girl is in honor of the maternal grandmother,
the next in honor of the paternal uncle / aunts,
the next in honor of the maternal uncle / aunts,
etc.
The fact that the entries in the revision were directly close to each other, could mean family ties.
Archival documents confirming the validity of the above chart of Kagansky:
1st - 2nd generation of Kagansky
The oldest archival document, found by Ilya Goldfarb:
Censuses of the Jewish population in the south-western region for 1765-1791:
Census of Jews in the Rzhishchevsky key "(the Kievan Province and the Poviat). September 28, 1765-th year (Page 26)
On page 27 there is the following entry:
... Village of Khalcha *) (from the Rzhishchevsky key of the Kiev province of I.G.)
Yankel tenant; Dvorka **), his wife; Rivka **), daughter; Chania, second daughter; Yorsh (Hersh), son; Ailo's second son ...
Shloma tax collector ***); Spra, his wife; Rivka, daughter; Mala, the second daughter; Yorsh (Hersh), son.
These Yankel and Shloma (born, around 1720) were probably our very first known ancestors, whom we placed on top of the diagram of the Kagansky family. Since there were only two Jewish families in the village of Khalcha Rzhyschevsky in 1765 (11 in all), and in the future the population of Jews increased (in 1740 there were 48 Jews in Rzhyshev, and in 1816 - 600****)), it is possible with certain probability to say that the children of Yankel and Shlomo were married. Confirmation of this we find in their descendants. Most likely, Eilo (b: about 1740) (Yankel's son) married Rivka or Malka (one of Shlomo's daughters), Yankel (b: 1766), son of Eilo (b: about 1740) had a son Eilo (b: 1812) (after his grandfather's name). In addition, there was an ancestor in the Kagansky family (see diagram), having the double name Yankel Shlomo *****) (b: 1860); This name unites two ancestors of the Kagansky family.
*) The village of Khalcha existed in the 18th century.
**) Usually names were recorded in metric books in a folksy form, distorting biblical and other common names and giving them that pejorative, then caressing character, and parents demanded the introduction of the diminutive name that was assigned to the child in home life. The names of the Court and Riva were changed to Dvorka and Rivka.
***) The basic unit of management of the Jewish community of Poland (and later those of its units that have moved to Russia) in the 15th century - early 19 century was Kagal. Kagal was a mediator between the Jewish community and the authorities, and the form of administrative management of the Jewish community. Kagal, in particular, acted as a tax collector. Kagal sought in his district and contributed to the treasury of state taxes, made the layout of taxes, state and public. According to the census of 1764, there were 749,968 Jews in Poland, of which 201,191 were in Lithuania; in fact, Jews were significantly more, as many evaded the census, fearing that it would lead to an increase in taxes.
****) http://genea.musicfancy.net/ru/rzhyshchiv_jew_burgers_1816/
Rzhishchev, Jews philistines, "Revizsky tales tale 1816"
Jews philistines m. Rzhischev - "Revizsky tales of 1816", list of family heads:
Zelisky, Dovgolevsky, Shliomsky, Troyanovsky, Kadinsky Teplinsky, Chertokovsky, Tsibulsky, Bibulsky, Krakovsky, Livinsky, Binyuminsky, Ostrovsky, Gorinsky, Nobilsky, Kagansky, Bugayevsky, Mozyrsky, Kanevsky, Pavolotsky, Chernitsky, Povolotsky, Fastovsky, Kachar, Medeshitsky, Levitsky , Levinsky ?, Radomyslsky, Tarashchansky, Dubinsky, Zajonchin, Bulkin, Kot [...] tskiy, Leshchinsky, Bilsky, Pritika, Byalsky, Polesky, Strizhevsky, Kanevsky, Strizhevsky, Shklyansky, Beletsky, Grateful, Dakovsky, Lopatinsky, Aron, Gorensky, Gansk th, Poleska, Koverdinsky, Koshovatsky, Bialski, Lembarkh, Vinnitsky, Tivotovsky, Loshchinsky, Kachansky, Lipinsky, Troyanovsky, Zayonchin, Shlionsky, Kanevsky, Byshovsky, Skibinsky, Radomyslsky, [G] Instein, Dubinsky, Libulsky, Kanevsky, Krakovich, Krakovich, Kacher, Byalsky, Kolomiets, Shcherbakov, Beletsky, Ostrovsky, Kodensky, Dubinsky, Polesky, Lishchinsky, Vinitsky, Kopiletsky, Kolomiets, Gomel, Dovgalevsky, Krasnitsky, Gorodetsky, Zhuravsky, Lishchinsky, Lishchinsky, Shcherbakov, Oransky, Tsibulsky, Edelman, Libulsky, Chernyakhovsky, Edelman, Zatulovsky, Edelman, Tripolsky, Food man, Kichera (materials from archival work GAKO 280/2/332, L. 635).
*****) Among Ashkenazi Jews, the habit of giving children double names was quite common.
Census of Jews in the Rzhishchevsky key "(the Kievan Province and the Poviat). September 28, 1765-th year (Page 26)
On page 27 there is the following entry:
... Village of Khalcha *) (from the Rzhishchevsky key of the Kiev province of I.G.)
Yankel tenant; Dvorka **), his wife; Rivka **), daughter; Chania, second daughter; Yorsh (Hersh), son; Ailo's second son ...
Shloma tax collector ***); Spra, his wife; Rivka, daughter; Mala, the second daughter; Yorsh (Hersh), son.
These Yankel and Shloma (born, around 1720) were probably our very first known ancestors, whom we placed on top of the diagram of the Kagansky family. Since there were only two Jewish families in the village of Khalcha Rzhyschevsky in 1765 (11 in all), and in the future the population of Jews increased (in 1740 there were 48 Jews in Rzhyshev, and in 1816 - 600****)), it is possible with certain probability to say that the children of Yankel and Shlomo were married. Confirmation of this we find in their descendants. Most likely, Eilo (b: about 1740) (Yankel's son) married Rivka or Malka (one of Shlomo's daughters), Yankel (b: 1766), son of Eilo (b: about 1740) had a son Eilo (b: 1812) (after his grandfather's name). In addition, there was an ancestor in the Kagansky family (see diagram), having the double name Yankel Shlomo *****) (b: 1860); This name unites two ancestors of the Kagansky family.
*) The village of Khalcha existed in the 18th century.
**) Usually names were recorded in metric books in a folksy form, distorting biblical and other common names and giving them that pejorative, then caressing character, and parents demanded the introduction of the diminutive name that was assigned to the child in home life. The names of the Court and Riva were changed to Dvorka and Rivka.
***) The basic unit of management of the Jewish community of Poland (and later those of its units that have moved to Russia) in the 15th century - early 19 century was Kagal. Kagal was a mediator between the Jewish community and the authorities, and the form of administrative management of the Jewish community. Kagal, in particular, acted as a tax collector. Kagal sought in his district and contributed to the treasury of state taxes, made the layout of taxes, state and public. According to the census of 1764, there were 749,968 Jews in Poland, of which 201,191 were in Lithuania; in fact, Jews were significantly more, as many evaded the census, fearing that it would lead to an increase in taxes.
****) http://genea.musicfancy.net/ru/rzhyshchiv_jew_burgers_1816/
Rzhishchev, Jews philistines, "Revizsky tales tale 1816"
Jews philistines m. Rzhischev - "Revizsky tales of 1816", list of family heads:
Zelisky, Dovgolevsky, Shliomsky, Troyanovsky, Kadinsky Teplinsky, Chertokovsky, Tsibulsky, Bibulsky, Krakovsky, Livinsky, Binyuminsky, Ostrovsky, Gorinsky, Nobilsky, Kagansky, Bugayevsky, Mozyrsky, Kanevsky, Pavolotsky, Chernitsky, Povolotsky, Fastovsky, Kachar, Medeshitsky, Levitsky , Levinsky ?, Radomyslsky, Tarashchansky, Dubinsky, Zajonchin, Bulkin, Kot [...] tskiy, Leshchinsky, Bilsky, Pritika, Byalsky, Polesky, Strizhevsky, Kanevsky, Strizhevsky, Shklyansky, Beletsky, Grateful, Dakovsky, Lopatinsky, Aron, Gorensky, Gansk th, Poleska, Koverdinsky, Koshovatsky, Bialski, Lembarkh, Vinnitsky, Tivotovsky, Loshchinsky, Kachansky, Lipinsky, Troyanovsky, Zayonchin, Shlionsky, Kanevsky, Byshovsky, Skibinsky, Radomyslsky, [G] Instein, Dubinsky, Libulsky, Kanevsky, Krakovich, Krakovich, Kacher, Byalsky, Kolomiets, Shcherbakov, Beletsky, Ostrovsky, Kodensky, Dubinsky, Polesky, Lishchinsky, Vinitsky, Kopiletsky, Kolomiets, Gomel, Dovgalevsky, Krasnitsky, Gorodetsky, Zhuravsky, Lishchinsky, Lishchinsky, Shcherbakov, Oransky, Tsibulsky, Edelman, Libulsky, Chernyakhovsky, Edelman, Zatulovsky, Edelman, Tripolsky, Food man, Kichera (materials from archival work GAKO 280/2/332, L. 635).
*****) Among Ashkenazi Jews, the habit of giving children double names was quite common.
2nd - 5th generation of Kagansky
ELIA & MOSHKA KAGANSKY FAMILIES
(Kagansky family tree)
As can be seen from the above diagram, Eilo Kagansky had three sons: Itsko*), Yankel, Avrum. Below are the archival materials for Yankel and Itsko and their descendants.
*) Hezko's Hebrew name is the form of the tanakhic name Yitzchak. "Yitzchak" means - "he will laugh." Yitzhak in the Torah is the second of the three forefathers of the Jewish people, the son of Abraham and Sarah.
*) Hezko's Hebrew name is the form of the tanakhic name Yitzchak. "Yitzchak" means - "he will laugh." Yitzhak in the Torah is the second of the three forefathers of the Jewish people, the son of Abraham and Sarah.
Yankel Elyevich Kagansky (b: 1766 or 1779)
(grandson of the above-mentioned ancestor of the Kagansky - Yankel from Rzhishchev)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 332. Record No. 17.
Revizsky tales of merchants and philistines Christians and Jews of Kiev and the district for 1816 (761 pages).
In this document of August 10, 1816, among the male Jews, the family of our ancestor Yankel Elievich Kagansky, age 37, b:1779
Sons:
Shmul, age 18 years, b:1798
Leiba, age 14, b:1802
El, age 4 years, b:1812
And among female Jewish women - the wife of Yankel Elievich's second marriage - Sima, age 30, b:1786.
Shmul Yankelevich wife - Chana, age 20, b:1796,
Leiba Yankelevich's wife - Feiga, age 13, b:1803,
Yankel Elievich's daughters:
Chan, age 12, b:1804,
Chaya, age 11, b:1805,
Tovba, age 9, b:1807,
Feiga, age 6, b:1810.
Note: El's son (b:1802) is named after El (b: ~ 1740) (the son of great-grandfather Yankel (see the diagram of the Kagansky);
Daughter Chana (b:1805) is named after Chana (the daughter of great-grandfather Yankel).
In the Revizsky tales of 1816 (see http://genea.musicfancy.net/ru/rzhyshchiv_jew_burgers_1816/ Rzhishchev, the Jewish philistines, Revizsky tales of 1816), a list of heads of Jewish families is presented, including 118 names (see above), among which we find the name of Kagansky (most likely it's Yankel Elyevich Kagansky). In all, about 600 Jews lived in Rzhishchev in 1816.
Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 522. Last entry on the page.
Revizsky tales of the Jews of the Kiev Uyezd for 1807, 1811, the city of Vasilkov for 1834 and additional revision tale about the peasants of the Lipovets, Uman and Radomysl districts for 1812.
In this document of 1811, among the Jewish males, the family of our ancestor Yankel Elmovich Kagansky, age 45, b:1766
Sons:
Shmul, age 22, b:1789
Leiba, age 7, b:1804
Revizsky tales of the Jews of the Kiev Uyezd for 1807, 1811, the city of Vasilkov for 1834 and additional revision tale about the peasants of the Lipovets, Uman and Radomysl districts for 1812.
In this document of 1811, among the Jewish males, the family of our ancestor Yankel Elmovich Kagansky, age 45, b:1766
Sons:
Shmul, age 22, b:1789
Leiba, age 7, b:1804
Itsko Elyevich Kagansky (b: 1785)
(grandson of the above-mentioned ancestor of the Kagansky - Yankel from Rzhishchev)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 332. Record No. 53.
Revizsky tales of merchants and philistines Christians and Jews of Kiev and the district for 1816 (761).
In this document of August 10, 1816, among the male Jews, the family of our ancestor Itsko Elyevich Kagansky, aged 31, b:1785
Itsko Elyevich nephews:
Hershko Abramovich Kagansky, age 25, b:1791
Isai, age 20, b:1796.
And among female Jewish women - Itsko Elyevich's wife - Rivka, Age 29, b:1787.
His own daughter:
Maryam, married in 1814, b:1800,
Sura, age 4 years, b:1812,
Hershka Avrumovich wife of Sura, age 23, b:1793,
Isai's wife Sura, age 18, b:1798
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1897_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81 %D0%BA% D0% B8_% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B3% D0% BE% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 85_% D0% B8_% D1% 83% D1% 81% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% B1% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D1% 85_% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82_% D0% 9A% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE_% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0.pdf
(this information was found by Ilya Goldfarb) |
Shmul Elyevich had a son Moshko Kagansky.
Moshko Shmulevich Kagansky
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. No. 172,173.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomyslsky district. 1850. 871 page
lIn this document, dated October 30, 1850, among the male Jews under No. 172, probably the family of our relative Moshka Shmulevich Kagansky is probably at the age of 34, Revision 1834, born in 1800, died in 1846,
Moshka's sons:
Hershka, age 20, b:1830,
Chaim, age 12 years, b:1838,
No. 173:
Family of our relative Yos Itskovich Kagansky, age 31 years of the audit 1834, born in 1803, died in 1840,
Yosy's son:
Itsko, age 14, b:1836.
The third son of Eilo Yankel (b:1766) was the son of Isai (or Isar, as we discussed above), who had a son Moshko Kagansky (b:1820) (grandson of Eilo). In turn, Moshko had three sons Mikhel, Yol and Israel. The Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky (discovered by Ilya Goldfarb in the collection "All Russia for 1902") was engaged in the sale of manufactory goods on the Chernobyl street in Radomysl:
Thus, Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky, a merchant living on Chernobyl Street in Radomysl, was the son of Moshko Kagansky (born approximately in 1820) (see the above diagram of the Kagansky family) and the brother of Israel Kagansky (1845-1923) (our great-grandfather).
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/32373.html
From 1889 to 1914 years, in Radomysl were opened bookshops with the libraries of M.V. Molchanov, B. Borodyansky, V.S. Vengrinovich, M.M. Kagansky, H.A. Pyatiretsky. Mostly in bookstores and libraries, books were in Russian and Hebrew, also in French. In Ukrainian, in the then-Malorussian, in Radomysl books were not sold. M.M.Kagansky - our ancestor Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky was engaged in manufactory goods and was the owner of a bookstore with a library.
*) In 1900, the trustee of the "Sobriety Society", the owner of the printing house E. Zaezdny opened in the house of the Noble Assembly, with a separate entrance to the People's Library. Books in the People's Library, unlike other libraries of the city, were issued to the readers free of charge. The library was one of those places where noble ladies could meet educated gentlemen, talk to an interesting topic. Many wealthy Radomyslians considered it an honor to present the book to the library. Nobles tried to make ordinary people educated. Wealthy and rich people, generously shared with poor people. "1,000 rubles are allocated for approval in the Radomysl city library, the money will be transferred to the Bureau of the Executive Committee with a request to take over the work of organizing the city library in Radomysl." The device of the working club was received from J. Lantsman - 5 rivers, AB Kogan - 50 rivers, M. Kagansky - 65 rivers, G. N. Garbarova - 25 rivers, Anatowa - 10 rivers, J. Bukhara - 5 rivers, E. Gornstein (should 50 rub.), Rezenfeld - 25 The Economic Island of Consumers - 50 rubles. Yu.A. Kichera - 10 rubles, N. Belorets - 50 rubles (The newspaper "Radomyslianin" №98 Saturday, April 29, 1917).
https://strichka.com/article/69783686
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/32373.html
From 1889 to 1914 years, in Radomysl were opened bookshops with the libraries of M.V. Molchanov, B. Borodyansky, V.S. Vengrinovich, M.M. Kagansky, H.A. Pyatiretsky. Mostly in bookstores and libraries, books were in Russian and Hebrew, also in French. In Ukrainian, in the then-Malorussian, in Radomysl books were not sold. M.M.Kagansky - our ancestor Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky was engaged in manufactory goods and was the owner of a bookstore with a library.
*) In 1900, the trustee of the "Sobriety Society", the owner of the printing house E. Zaezdny opened in the house of the Noble Assembly, with a separate entrance to the People's Library. Books in the People's Library, unlike other libraries of the city, were issued to the readers free of charge. The library was one of those places where noble ladies could meet educated gentlemen, talk to an interesting topic. Many wealthy Radomyslians considered it an honor to present the book to the library. Nobles tried to make ordinary people educated. Wealthy and rich people, generously shared with poor people. "1,000 rubles are allocated for approval in the Radomysl city library, the money will be transferred to the Bureau of the Executive Committee with a request to take over the work of organizing the city library in Radomysl." The device of the working club was received from J. Lantsman - 5 rivers, AB Kogan - 50 rivers, M. Kagansky - 65 rivers, G. N. Garbarova - 25 rivers, Anatowa - 10 rivers, J. Bukhara - 5 rivers, E. Gornstein (should 50 rub.), Rezenfeld - 25 The Economic Island of Consumers - 50 rubles. Yu.A. Kichera - 10 rubles, N. Belorets - 50 rubles (The newspaper "Radomyslianin" №98 Saturday, April 29, 1917).
https://strichka.com/article/69783686
Abram Moshkovich Kagansky (b:1775)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 522. The first entry on the page:
Revizsky tales of the Jews of the Kiev Uyezd for 1807, 1811, the city of Vasilkov for 1834 and additional revision tale about the peasants of the Lipovets, Uman and Radomysl districts for 1812.
In this document of 1807, the family of our ancestor Abramko Moshkovich Kagansky is among the Jewish males. Age 32 years, b:1775
Revizsky tales of the Jews of the Kiev Uyezd for 1807, 1811, the city of Vasilkov for 1834 and additional revision tale about the peasants of the Lipovets, Uman and Radomysl districts for 1812.
In this document of 1807, the family of our ancestor Abramko Moshkovich Kagansky is among the Jewish males. Age 32 years, b:1775
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 332. Record No. 63.
Revizsky tales of merchants and philistines Christians and Jews of Kiev and the district for 1816 (761 p.).
In this document of August 10, 1816 among the Jewish males, the family of our ancestor Avrum Moshkovich Kagansky, age 28, b:1788
Avrum's son:
El, age 4 years, b:1812
Avrum's nephew:
Fishel Yankelevich, age 23, b:1793
Revizsky tales of merchants and philistines Christians and Jews of Kiev and the district for 1816 (761 p.).
In this document of August 10, 1816 among the Jewish males, the family of our ancestor Avrum Moshkovich Kagansky, age 28, b:1788
Avrum's son:
El, age 4 years, b:1812
Avrum's nephew:
Fishel Yankelevich, age 23, b:1793
Volka Abramovich Kagansky (b:1818)
Descendants- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. 313.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 p.
In this document, dated October 30, 1850, among the male Jews, probably the family of our ancestor Volka Abramovich Kagansky, age 32, b:1818,
Volka's son:
Yankel, age 3 years, b:1847,
And among the Jewish women Volka Abramovich's wife - Etlya, age 34, b:1816,
Volka's daughter - Chaya, age 14, b:1836.
The descendants of Moshko, Abram and Volko will be presented further in the section "Srul Kagansky".
6th - 8th generation of Kagansky
Interesting fact. Of the four sisters of Kagansky, three sisters married Jews who did not live in Radomysl, but in other places: Khana Kaganskaya for Mordechai Maloratsky from Malina, Mariam Kaganskaya for Naftula Spivak from Malina, Tsipa Kaganskaya for Leib Kaganovsky from Brusilov. What is the reason for this? It should be noted that the distance from Radomysl to Malina is about 35 km, and the dissolution from Radomysl to Brusilov is 37 km. Only some assumptions can be made.
1. In the case of the Spivak / Kaganskaya couple: at that time, according to several sources ("All Russia for 1899", "List of Jewish Businesses of Radomysl for 1913", "List of Jewish Businesses of Malina for 1911") , the businesses of Spivak families existed in parallel in Malin and Radomysl, at times, the same company had branches in these two places. Thanks to this, perhaps, Radomysl's Mariam became close to Malyn Naftula.
2. Regarding the Kaganovsky / Kagansky couple, these two surnames originated from the Cohen surname. Cohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman *). The status of the cohen was always transmitted through the male line, and as a result, he was eventually perceived as the family nickname from which the Jewish name Cohen was formed. It, in turn, turned out to be the initial link for the formation of a number of other Jewish families, including the Kagansky and Kaganovsky families. The reason why cohenism goes only to sons is, of course, spiritual nature, as, indeed, all the other commandments of the Torah. " ... In order to organize a profitable marriage within the limited world of the Pale of Settlement, Jewish families could use the following basic strategies: (1) hire a professional Shadhan (matchmaker); (2) A contract with relatives about marriage; and (3) will stop on endogam marriage in a small group of local families ... "(source: Jewish Marriage and Divorce in Imperial Russia By ChaeRan Y. Freeze). In the case of the marriage, the Kaganskaya and Leib Kaganovsky Ciphers, one or more of these strategies could work if Brusilov or (and) Malin did not have suitable candidates for the Jewish Cohen. The professional matchmaker successfully coped with this problem .. Since the status of the cohen was transmitted only through the male line, subsequent generations of the Kaganovsky most likely were and still are cohens.
3. Now about the Kaganskaya / Maloratsky pair. Since, as noted earlier, the name Maloratsky was associated with the place of Malaya Racha, where this name came from, then the search for religious sources of this kind should be sought in the times before the formation of Jewish surnames. This task seems to be rather difficult, and therefore it can be assumed that the initiative of this marriage came from Morduk Maloratsky, who was living in Malin at that time, and wished (or he or his parents) to join the Jewish koans. In addition, as mentioned above, the ancestor of Morduch (Mark) - Morduchai Shlomovich Maloratsky from Malaya Rachi moved to Radomysl, and therefore Mark Maloratsky, residing in Malin, had relatives in Radomysl by that time. With this, obviously, his marriage to Chana Kagansky and his subsequent transfer from Malin to Radomysl is connected. Since the status of the koen was transmitted only through the male line, the succeeding generations of the Maloratsky most likely were and still are Levites **) or "Israel", of whom there are a majority among the Jews.
*) Cohens, or kohans (Hebrews) - the Jewish estate of priests in Judaism, consisting of descendants of the genus Aaron.
**) Leviticus - (from the Hebrew Levi) - representatives of the tribe of Levi. On the Levites lay the duties of the priesthood: they guarded the order during worship, led the people at sacrifices, healed the lepers, were musicians and sang psalms, made up an honorary temple guard. Traditionally, the Levites were engaged in teaching the people the law of the Torah; in ancient times the chroniclers came out mainly from the Levites, and therefore, one of the chroniclers of this Genealogy, Lev Maloratsky, is probably a descendant of the Levites.
Four Kagansky sisters
OUR RELATIVES OF KAGANSKY FROM KOROSTYSHEV
(thanks to the research of Oleg Sagalov, the following Kagansky were found, who lived in Korostishev):
The family of Volko Abramovich Kagansky (1818-18 ??)
Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. 313.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 p.
In this document of October 30, 1850 among the male Jews, probably the family of our ancestor Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32, b:1818,
Volko's son:
Yankel, age 3 years, b:1847,
and among the Jewish women Volko Abramovich's wife - Etlya, age 34, b:1816,
Volko's daughter:
Chaya, age 14, b:1836.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 p.
In this document of October 30, 1850 among the male Jews, probably the family of our ancestor Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32, b:1818,
Volko's son:
Yankel, age 3 years, b:1847,
and among the Jewish women Volko Abramovich's wife - Etlya, age 34, b:1816,
Volko's daughter:
Chaya, age 14, b:1836.
The family of Lemel Abramovich Kagansky (1803-18 ??)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. 354.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 p.
In this document of October 30, 1850 among the Jewish males, probably the family of our relatives Lemel Abramovich Kagansky, age 47, b:1803,
Lemel's son:
Moshka, age 20 years, b:1830,
and among the Jewish women Lemel Abramovich's wife - Cveri Ickovna, age 47, b:1803,
Moshka's wife - Gitlya, age 20 years, b:1830,
Moshka's daughter:
Sura, age 3 years, b:1847
The family of Yankel Valkovich Kagansky (1849 - 1923), Radomysl.
Fund 384, Inventory 9, Case 11, Year 1897. The first general population census. Kiev province, Radomysl district, Radomysl town, M-Chernobylskaya street, Kaganovsky's house, apt. 1a.
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males, probably the family of our relatives Yankel Valkovich Kagansky, age 48, b:1849, where he was recorded by the owner of the grocery trade.
Yankel's wife - Basya Ryvka Sruleva, age 46, b:1851,
Yankel's sons :
Nuhim, age 23, b:1874,
Srul, age 14, b:1883,
Yankel's daughter:
Tsypa, age 16, b:1881,
Leia, age 12 years, b:1885,
Brucha, age 9 years, b:1888,
Yankel's grandson:
Shmul, age 9 years, b:1888,
Yankel's mother: Ethel-Tsuchom Berkova, age 75 years, b:1816.
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males, probably the family of our relatives Yankel Valkovich Kagansky, age 48, b:1849, where he was recorded by the owner of the grocery trade.
Yankel's wife - Basya Ryvka Sruleva, age 46, b:1851,
Yankel's sons :
Nuhim, age 23, b:1874,
Srul, age 14, b:1883,
Yankel's daughter:
Tsypa, age 16, b:1881,
Leia, age 12 years, b:1885,
Brucha, age 9 years, b:1888,
Yankel's grandson:
Shmul, age 9 years, b:1888,
Yankel's mother: Ethel-Tsuchom Berkova, age 75 years, b:1816.
Fragment of catalog: "Radomyshl Business directory 1913 " (see above):
Groceries:
Averbuch Sura-Dvoira Meer-Simkha
Alperin Basya Boruch
Alpert Fanya Mordko
Banschik Moshko Avrum
Burstein Benzion Elya (and manufacture)
Belokrinitskaya Nechama Gershko
Weisbuch L.-I. M. (and haberdasher)
Verlotsky Boruch Ruvin
Vinnik Penya
Vinnitsky Duvid Mendel
Vinnitsky Morduch Itsko
Vinokur Chaya Ovs.
Goliona Ivan Kirill*
Dubinskaya Golda
Kaganskaya Chava Berko
Kagansky Yankel Volko
Groceries:
Averbuch Sura-Dvoira Meer-Simkha
Alperin Basya Boruch
Alpert Fanya Mordko
Banschik Moshko Avrum
Burstein Benzion Elya (and manufacture)
Belokrinitskaya Nechama Gershko
Weisbuch L.-I. M. (and haberdasher)
Verlotsky Boruch Ruvin
Vinnik Penya
Vinnitsky Duvid Mendel
Vinnitsky Morduch Itsko
Vinokur Chaya Ovs.
Goliona Ivan Kirill*
Dubinskaya Golda
Kaganskaya Chava Berko
Kagansky Yankel Volko
Fund 280 Description Case 1000 Sheets 871
Revizsky tales of 1850 of the Year, October of the Month of the 30th day, Kiev Province, Radomysl Uyezd
City / Town KOROSTISHEV, the Jewish community.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Families of the Male Sex . According to the last From that date Now on the Family Female Sex In the Temporary Now on the audit consisted and disposed of the person
after it came
year when exactly Year number/sheet With which Year
time ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
172/40 Moshko Shmulevich Kagansky 34 died in 1846
Moshko's sons:
1. Herszko 4 20
2. Chaim newborn 12
205/411 Chaim Berkovich Kagansky 34 died in 1842
His sons:
1. Paysah 18 died in 1839
2. Meir 15 died in 1850 his wife Malka Vitla Abramovna 30
Meiura son Menashka newborn 10
3. Itsko Leiba was recruited in 1848
254/421 Moshko Nakhmanovich Kagansky 63 died in 1838.
Moshko's sons:
1. Kelman 22 38
2. Mordka 20 in the unknown from 1849
3. Shay 17 in the unknown since 1845
313/435 Volko Abramovich Kagansky 16 32 his wife Etlya Gitskova 34
Volka's son Yankel newborn. 3 Volka's daughter Chaya 14
322/437 Avrum Shmulovich Kagansky 20 in the unknown from 1850
334/444 Hershko Samsonovich Kagansky 29 died in 1842
Hershka's brother of Itska 21 37 his wife Shayna Risya Yankelev 39 his daughter Tsyva 16 Itska's sister Feiga 45 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Korostyshev Trade Square, photo 1910 - 1914
The building of the manor of the ancient Count's clan of Olizar, which Korostishev belonged to since 1565. The palace and park complex laid in the 19th century. An outstanding poet and public figure G. Olizar. The palace was a beautiful picture gallery, the library numbered several thousand volumes.
Snapping of Korostishev's species to the map of the town of Korostishev was performed by Ilya Goldfarb:
In 1765, 316 Jews lived in Korostishev, in 1847 - 2657, in 1852 - 2800, in 1897 - 4,160 (52.9%), the Jews lived in Korostishev from the 16th century. In 1602 there was a synagogue. "In 1783, 108 houses and 600 people of both sexes were considered to be non-gentiles in the township, there were 250 houses of Jewish origin, therefore at that time the Jewish population exceeded the Khrestians more than twice and, according to the condition of 1772, paid taxes to the owner of the total collection of 1,240 zł" . (Pohilevich L.I. Uezdy Kiev and Radomysl, 1887). In 1885 there were 3 synagogues in Korostishev. After the second partition of Poland in 1793 Korostishev along with the whole of the right-bank Ukraine withdrew into the Russian Empire.
Since 1795 the town has become a volost center of the Radomysl district of the Volyn province, and since 1797 it was transferred to the Kiev province, which included more than 120 years. Owners Korostishev until 1868 remained the family of Olizarov, the most famous representative of which was Count Gustav Olizar. Polish poet and translator was close to the circle of the Decembrists, was familiar and corresponded with Pushkin and Mickiewicz. Gustav Olizar left a good memory of himself. Thanks to his support, Korostishev's industry was developing, the first stone bridge was built in the region, a park was built on the left bank of the Teterev, which until now remains one of the city's pearls. In the 1850's, in Korostishev began the development of deposits of granite. It was the granite from Korostishev quarries that was later selected for the construction of Lenin's mausoleum.
http://korostyshev.net/content/view/100/1/
Jewish village of Korostishev in Ukrainian style was built Bogoroditskaya wooden tent church in Korostishev. In the city at that time there were only four two-story houses, the central part of the city and the surrounding streets were inhabited mainly by Jewish artisans and merchants. Here is located and the marketplace, where the most active life boiled. In the shops of Rozovsky, Bardenstein, Futerman there were a variety of goods from the fish hook to the cheese and cereals, which were imported mainly from Zhitomir. Even richer was the shop of ironwork of Vernic. Here you could buy products of local artisans from Kiev, Moscow, and even the factories of St. Petersburg. In small, quiet tea, the Korostishevs drank fresh beer from the local brewery of the Czech Keilich and believed that it was no worse than the praised RADOMYSHLSKY. The local intelligentsia loved to sit in Margulis's tea-room. Here they played mostly in chess, read newspapers ("Kiev thought"). Sometimes it was possible to take home a book from the local library. The owner did not take the pledge for this, because he knew his readers well and trusted them, although some of the Korostishev seminarians abused this, suppressing literature. In addition to shopping and tea shops, the city center was clad with up to two dozen trading and craft booths and booths with goods and various services. Worked tailors Shmilik and Bilchik, Moroz, Issak, Tveski, Moischa Shlyamer, shoemakers: Berger, Komarovsky, Rabinovich, photographer Aron Holodenko and watchmaker Moshko Gorodin. Among the three hairdressing salons in the city center, Hofshtein's hairdresser stood out with her sign. In lusty, bright letters on it was written: "Strizza, Brizzi, zavivatstsa, blood puskatstsa." At the corner of the market square not far from the fire station, a blind lyre with a young guide took a fancy place. He always had a crowd listening to a long tune. The old gypsy girl stopped young girls and women and offered to tell fortunes. There also ran a dozen swarthy children from the gypsy camp, which stood in the Zarechye. A monk walked slowly through the bazaar with a wooden cross in his hands and a leather bag on his shoulders, collecting donations for the repair of a monastery. The peasants who came to the bargain were usually in bast shoes and clean clothes, than stood out among the local unemployed workers and apprentices who trampled the earth barefooted. Only one street that went from the Brest-Lithuanian highway to the princely estate was paved, other streets after the rains were very unsightly. Therefore, pedestrians mostly bypassed their paths, which led to different corners of Korostishev - to Kudryavets, Kuchanets, Niz, Folkvarok.
"Jewish Marriage and Divorce in Imperial Russia", by ChaeRan Y. Freeze 2002 Fragment from the book in translation: Archival materials are unusually full for Korostyshev, a small town of the Kiev province, in which in 1847 there were 2657 Jews. Unlike many Ukrainian cities, where metric records were destroyed during the Second World War, Korostishev preserved metric books from the mid-19th century onwards. Until 1915, presenting some of the most complete circulations of Jewish metric books throughout Ukraine. It is noteworthy that they show that the majority of the inhabitants married at the local level, that is, people from Korostishev, or at least from nearby villages and towns (Zhitomir, Berdichev and Radomysl). Average age of first marriage In the Korostishev, 1854-1895 Year Woman In Korostishev lived 2657 Jews in 1847. 1854 19.7 20.1 1861 19.2 20.5 1865 19.3 20.2 1876 19.1 20.0 1881 19.1 20.3 1890 19.4 21.7 1895 21.1 23.1 |
Rabbi Mordechai of Korostishev died in 1916, Rabbi Moshe of Korostishev died in 1920, Rabbi Yakov Korostishev died in 1941.
|
That observation indeed finds confirmation in the metrical records. These archival materials are unusually complete for Korostishev, a small town in Kiev province with 2,657 Jewish residents in 1847. Unlike many Ukrainian towns where the metric records were destroyed during World War II, Korostishev preserved metrical books from mid-nineteenth centure to 1915, thus representing some of the most complete runs of Jewish metrical books in the entire Ukraine. Significantly, they reveal that most residents married locally – that is, to people from Korostishev or, at most, from nearby villages and towns (Zhitomir, Berdichev, and Radomysl).
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE Metric synagogue book m. Korostyshіv. Narodzhenna
For the period of time 1840 - 1903 (about 60 years, two generations). According to the materials of this site, during this time in Korostyshev in the families of our ancestors Kagansky about 40 children were born. Such fertility statistics, as well as other archival materials on Korostyshev, allow us to conclude that Korostyshev and the townships, villages, and villages attached to it were the birth nest of our ancestors of Kagansky.
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE Metric synagogue book m. Korostyshіv. Narodzhenna
For the period of time 1840 - 1903 (about 60 years, two generations). According to the materials of this site, during this time in Korostyshev in the families of our ancestors Kagansky about 40 children were born. Such fertility statistics, as well as other archival materials on Korostyshev, allow us to conclude that Korostyshev and the townships, villages, and villages attached to it were the birth nest of our ancestors of Kagansky.
ELIA BRANCH (KAGANSKY TREE)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. No. 172,173. Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 p.
In this document, dated October 30, 1850, among the male Jews under No. 172, probably the family of our relatives,
Moshka Shmulevich Kagansky, is at the age of 34, according to the revision 1834, born in 1800, died in 1846,
Moshka's sons:
Hershka, age 20, b:1830,
Chaim, age 12 years, b:1838,
No. 173 The family of our relative
Yosya Itskovich Kagansky, age 31 years of the audit 1834, born in 1803, died in 1840,
Yosya's son: Itsko, age 14, b:1836.
In this document, dated October 30, 1850, among the male Jews under No. 172, probably the family of our relatives,
Moshka Shmulevich Kagansky, is at the age of 34, according to the revision 1834, born in 1800, died in 1846,
Moshka's sons:
Hershka, age 20, b:1830,
Chaim, age 12 years, b:1838,
No. 173 The family of our relative
Yosya Itskovich Kagansky, age 31 years of the audit 1834, born in 1803, died in 1840,
Yosya's son: Itsko, age 14, b:1836.
The family of Gersha-Moshko Yalevich Kagansky (1857 - 19 ??)
Fund 384, Inventory 9, Case 6, Year 1897. The first general population census. Kiev province, Radomysl district, Radomysl town, Kievskaya street, Gelman Froim's house, apt
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males, probably the family of our relatives Gersha-Moshko Jolovic Kagansky, age 40, b:1857, where he was recorded as an artisan of tanneries. Gersha-Moshko's wife - Feiga Yankelev-Mikhelev, age 33, b:1864,
Gersha-Moshko's sons:
Yankel Schliema, age 21, b:1876,
Shmul, age 18 years, b:1881,
Zus, age 11 years old, b:1886,
Avrum Duvid, age 10 years, b:1887,
Itsko, age 9 years, b:1888,
Aren, age 2 months, b:1897,
Gersha-Moshhko's daughters:
Leia, age 18, b:1879,
Sosya Beyla, age 15, b:1882.
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males, probably the family of our relatives Gersha-Moshko Jolovic Kagansky, age 40, b:1857, where he was recorded as an artisan of tanneries. Gersha-Moshko's wife - Feiga Yankelev-Mikhelev, age 33, b:1864,
Gersha-Moshko's sons:
Yankel Schliema, age 21, b:1876,
Shmul, age 18 years, b:1881,
Zus, age 11 years old, b:1886,
Avrum Duvid, age 10 years, b:1887,
Itsko, age 9 years, b:1888,
Aren, age 2 months, b:1897,
Gersha-Moshhko's daughters:
Leia, age 18, b:1879,
Sosya Beyla, age 15, b:1882.
OUR RELATIVES OF KAGANSKY FROM RZHISCHEV
This list of voters in the Kiev Provincial Duma in 1907 found Ilya Goldfarb
Some conclusions on the above documents on the Kagansky from Rzhishchev:
The list of voters in the Kiev Provincial Duma in 1907 (the "List") and Revizsky tales of 1807, 1811 almost 100 years ago, about three generations. Given that the male Jews gave their children the names of deceased ancestors *), it can be assumed that:
1. Avrum Yudkovich Kagansky (from the "List") is the heir of Abram Moshkovich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1807"). The name Abram is a truncated form of the Hebrew name Abraham.
2. Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky and (or) Yankel S. Kagansky and (or) Yankel Avrumovich Kagansky and (or) Kagansky Tsal Yankelevich (all from the "List") are the heirs of Yankel Elievich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1811") .
3. The same Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky (from the "List") has a middle name coinciding with the names of the two sons of Yankel, Elyevich Kagansky - Shmul and Leib (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
4. Kagansky Iosif Srul Leibovich (from the "List") is the heir of Leib Yankelevich Kagansky (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
5. The same Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky (from the "List") has a middle name coinciding with the names of the two sons of Yankel, Elyevich Kagansky - Shmul and Leib (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
6. Kagansky Iosif Srul Leibovich (from the "List") is the heir of Leib Yankelevich Kagansky (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
7. Kagansky Idel Avrumovich (from the "List") is the heir of Abram Moshkovich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1807").
*) The repeated names of the Kagansky over the period of 150 years: Yakov - 5, Avrum - 4, Leiba - 5, Itsko - 7, Srul - 2, Shmul - 3, Moshko - 4, Moses - 2, Hershko - 2, Volco / Volf - 3, Shloma - 3, Yos - 2, Mordko - 2.
The list of voters in the Kiev Provincial Duma in 1907 (the "List") and Revizsky tales of 1807, 1811 almost 100 years ago, about three generations. Given that the male Jews gave their children the names of deceased ancestors *), it can be assumed that:
1. Avrum Yudkovich Kagansky (from the "List") is the heir of Abram Moshkovich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1807"). The name Abram is a truncated form of the Hebrew name Abraham.
2. Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky and (or) Yankel S. Kagansky and (or) Yankel Avrumovich Kagansky and (or) Kagansky Tsal Yankelevich (all from the "List") are the heirs of Yankel Elievich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1811") .
3. The same Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky (from the "List") has a middle name coinciding with the names of the two sons of Yankel, Elyevich Kagansky - Shmul and Leib (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
4. Kagansky Iosif Srul Leibovich (from the "List") is the heir of Leib Yankelevich Kagansky (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
5. The same Yankel Shmul-Leibovich Kagansky (from the "List") has a middle name coinciding with the names of the two sons of Yankel, Elyevich Kagansky - Shmul and Leib (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
6. Kagansky Iosif Srul Leibovich (from the "List") is the heir of Leib Yankelevich Kagansky (from "Revizsky tales of 1811").
7. Kagansky Idel Avrumovich (from the "List") is the heir of Abram Moshkovich Kagansky (from the "Revizsky tales of 1807").
*) The repeated names of the Kagansky over the period of 150 years: Yakov - 5, Avrum - 4, Leiba - 5, Itsko - 7, Srul - 2, Shmul - 3, Moshko - 4, Moses - 2, Hershko - 2, Volco / Volf - 3, Shloma - 3, Yos - 2, Mordko - 2.
Below are the reasons why the Kagansky from Rzhishchev are our ancestors (Ilya Goldfarb):
After a careful study of new materials found by Oleg Sagalov in the State Archives of the Kiev region, we came to the conclusion that Rzhishchev could be the ancestral nest of the Kagansky. Through careful search, we know that the Kagansky do not appear in Revizsky tales in the Radomysl district until 1850. They can only be found in Rzhyshchev in 1807, 1811, 1816. At the same time, of the 63 Jewish families of Rzhishchev in 1816, three families were recorded as Kagansky, it is likely that they were close relatives. It is necessary to take into account the fact that the Jews with the name Kagansky came from the clan of the Koens and therefore it was problematic to avoid the census for them. Hence, if the Kagansky are not in the documents of the Radomysl Uyezd in 1816 - 1834, there is a high probability that they were not there.
After a careful study of new materials found by Oleg Sagalov in the State Archives of the Kiev region, we came to the conclusion that Rzhishchev could be the ancestral nest of the Kagansky. Through careful search, we know that the Kagansky do not appear in Revizsky tales in the Radomysl district until 1850. They can only be found in Rzhyshchev in 1807, 1811, 1816. At the same time, of the 63 Jewish families of Rzhishchev in 1816, three families were recorded as Kagansky, it is likely that they were close relatives. It is necessary to take into account the fact that the Jews with the name Kagansky came from the clan of the Koens and therefore it was problematic to avoid the census for them. Hence, if the Kagansky are not in the documents of the Radomysl Uyezd in 1816 - 1834, there is a high probability that they were not there.
http://www.etoretro.ru/city2959.htm:
Linking these places to the old map Rzhishchev performed Ilya Goldfarb:
In 1740, 48 Jews lived in Rzhyshchev, 1816 - ~600, in 1847 – 1543, in 1873 – 2758, in 1897 – 6008 (51,7%), in 1910 – 12 325 (70,7%), in 1920 – 2311, in 1923 – 1192, in 1926 – 1608, in 1939 – Jews (5%). Jews lived in Rzhishchev from the 18th century. In 1852 there was a synagogue in Rzhyshchev, there was a Jewish cemetery. In 1873 there were 4 synagogues in Rzhishchev. And here is what remains of the ancient Jewish cemetery in Rzhyshchev, where our Kagansky ancestors were once buried (pictures are dated 1960):
Note: For those who have not read the beginning of this Part 1, look at how the ancient Jewish cemetery in Queens, New York, where one of our ancestors is buried, is contained.
Lavrenty Pohilevich believes that the name Rzhishev was altered from the Polish word Rzesza - the crowd, respectively, it appeared already in the Lithuanian-Polish period. In the 19th century. Rzhishev was a significant trading center of the Kiev province. At that time the population of the town was 4,776 people. Almost 70% of the residents were Jews. Here is how Lavrenty Pohilevich wrote in his "Legends ..." about Rzhyshev in the 19th century: "At the present time, m. Rzhishev occupies a very prominent place between the trading posts of the Kiev province, especially the bread trade sent along the Dnieper to Lithuania.
Why recently Jews built many houses and barns for bread, before taking it to the ship. Significance of the place attached: 7 annual fairs; factories: equestrian, distillery, beer, 4 mills, an economic hospital, a pharmacy and a bailiff's apartment. In 1858 an extensive beet-sugar plant was set up, costing up to 300,000 rubles. "
http://www.areacreativ.com/being/history/svyato-troickij-xram-goroda-rzhishhev-i-ego-nastoyatel-protoierej-mixail-afonin/
http://genea.musicfancy.net/ru/rzhyshchiv_jew_burgers_1816/
Rzhishev, Jews, philistines, "Revizsky tales 1816".
Jews philistines m. Rzhishev - "Revizsky tales of 1816", list of family heads of families:
Zelisky, Dovgolevsky, Shliomsky, Trojanowski, Trojanowski, Kadinsky, Teplinsky, Chertokovsky, Cybulsky, Bibulsky, Krakovsky, Livinsky, Benyuminsky, Ostrovsky, Goronsky, Nobilsky, Kagansky, Bugaevsky, Mozirsky, Kanevsky, Pavolotsky, Chernitsky, Povolotsky Fastovsky, Kachar, Medeshitsky, Levitsky, Levinsky ?, Radomilsky, Tarashchansky, Dubinsky, Zayonchin, Bulkin, Côte [...] cki, Leszczynsky, Biel, Pritika, Bialsky, Poleska, Strizhevsky, Shklyansky, Beletsky, Blagodarny, Dakovsky, Lopatinskiy, Aron, Gorensky, Ghana , Poleska , Koverdinsky, Koshovatsky, Ostrovsky, Bialsky, Lembarh, Vinnitsky, Loshchinsky, Kachansky, Lipinsky, Troyanovsky, Zayonchin, Shlionsky, Kanevsky, Byshovsky, Skibinsky, Radomyslsky, Corinstein, Dubinsky, Tsibulsky, Libulsky, Kanevsky, Krakovich, Kacher, Byalsky, Kolomiets, Byalsky, Shcherbakov, Beletsky, Ostrovsky, Kodensky Shmul Elia Binyu Miyuvich 23-27, wife of Hinya 25, son of Avrum 4, daughter of Leia 9, brother of Duvid 24, Moshko 15, wife of Duvid Freud 22, Dubinsky, Polesky, Lishchinsky, Vinitsky, Kopiletsky, Kolomiets, Gomel, Dovgalevsky, Krasnitsky, Gorodetsky, Zhuravsky, Lishchinsky, Shcherbakov, Oransky, Tsibulsky, Edelman, Libulsky, Chernyakhovsky, Edelman, Zatulovsky, Edelman, Trypolsky, Edelman, Kicher (Materials from the archive file GAKO 280/2/332, L. 635)
Rzhishev, Jews, philistines, "Revizsky tales 1816".
Jews philistines m. Rzhishev - "Revizsky tales of 1816", list of family heads of families:
Zelisky, Dovgolevsky, Shliomsky, Trojanowski, Trojanowski, Kadinsky, Teplinsky, Chertokovsky, Cybulsky, Bibulsky, Krakovsky, Livinsky, Benyuminsky, Ostrovsky, Goronsky, Nobilsky, Kagansky, Bugaevsky, Mozirsky, Kanevsky, Pavolotsky, Chernitsky, Povolotsky Fastovsky, Kachar, Medeshitsky, Levitsky, Levinsky ?, Radomilsky, Tarashchansky, Dubinsky, Zayonchin, Bulkin, Côte [...] cki, Leszczynsky, Biel, Pritika, Bialsky, Poleska, Strizhevsky, Shklyansky, Beletsky, Blagodarny, Dakovsky, Lopatinskiy, Aron, Gorensky, Ghana , Poleska , Koverdinsky, Koshovatsky, Ostrovsky, Bialsky, Lembarh, Vinnitsky, Loshchinsky, Kachansky, Lipinsky, Troyanovsky, Zayonchin, Shlionsky, Kanevsky, Byshovsky, Skibinsky, Radomyslsky, Corinstein, Dubinsky, Tsibulsky, Libulsky, Kanevsky, Krakovich, Kacher, Byalsky, Kolomiets, Byalsky, Shcherbakov, Beletsky, Ostrovsky, Kodensky Shmul Elia Binyu Miyuvich 23-27, wife of Hinya 25, son of Avrum 4, daughter of Leia 9, brother of Duvid 24, Moshko 15, wife of Duvid Freud 22, Dubinsky, Polesky, Lishchinsky, Vinitsky, Kopiletsky, Kolomiets, Gomel, Dovgalevsky, Krasnitsky, Gorodetsky, Zhuravsky, Lishchinsky, Shcherbakov, Oransky, Tsibulsky, Edelman, Libulsky, Chernyakhovsky, Edelman, Zatulovsky, Edelman, Trypolsky, Edelman, Kicher (Materials from the archive file GAKO 280/2/332, L. 635)
Sholom-Aleikhem (real name, first name, patronymic name - Rabinovich Sholom Nohumovich) was born in this list, naturally (on time), on February 18 (March 2), 1859 in the city of Pereyaslav (now Pereyaslav-Khmelnytsky, Kiev region) in The family of the merchant and the lessee. Sholom Aleichem is his literary pseudonym, which is translated into Russian: "Peace be with you." Since September 4, 1873, Sholom Rabinovich began to study at the Pereyaslav Uyezd School (Russian-speaking). In 1876, Sholom graduated with honors. Independent life began earlier. Even before graduation, he began to earn money to continue his studies. A big blow was the collapse of the plan to enter the Zhitomir Teachers' Institute. He began giving private lessons in a small town, near Pereyaslav, in the town of Rzhishev. But local "teachers for girls", competing with each other, united and began persecuting the new teacher. They spread ridiculous rumors about him. Sholom-Aleichem remembers his Rzhishev life as a complete hell and darkness: the constant change of apartments, where all the housewives are one-faced - are quarrelsome and unscrupulous; everywhere annoying cockroaches, evil bugs, darting mice, rats; but the worst thing is the scandal of local residents. The fact is that melamedov and teachers in Rzhishev had enough of their own, and they desperately competed with each other, and when an outsider appeared in their city, they all united against him, choosing the most poisonous weapon for their struggle-rumors. Sholom learned that he was a thief, a criminal, even a murderer, and much more. Hardly having held out until the end of the training season, he cursed this place and went home. Waiting for the end of the season, Sholom returned to Pereyaslav and vowed never again to give lessons in small towns.
http://fisechko.ru/100vel/ukrain/65.html
https://unotices.com/book.php?id=135931&page=8
http://fisechko.ru/100vel/ukrain/65.html
https://unotices.com/book.php?id=135931&page=8
Sergei Gusev-Orenburg "The Crimson Book" Pogroms of 1919-20. In Ukraine, Published according to the edition: S.I. Gusev-Orenburg, The Crimson Book. The pogroms of 1919-20 in Ukraine. Harbin, the publication of the Far Eastern Jewish Public Committee for Assistance to Orphans Victims of Pogroms (DECOPO), 1922: The pogroms in Rzhishev in 1919: on April 9; 1st and 13th of July http://www.imwerden.info/belousenko/books/russian/gusev_crimson_book.htm
GENERATIONS OF KAGANSKY FROM RZHISHEV
Repeat of names Demography of different generations of Kagansky
Generation 1 Yankel (~1720) …Dvorka Shloma (3) Generation 1 2 3 4 5-6
1720-1750 Shloma (~1720) Itcko (7) Kagansky 4 8 7 23 48
… Spra (~1720) Yankel (5) Jewish (total) 48 ~300 ~500 ~1000 ~6000
Avrum (4)
Generation 2 children of Yankel and Dvorka Ios (2)
1750-1780 Iorsh, Eilo, Rivka, Shmul (3)
Chana, Moshko Volko (3)
children of Sloma and Spra Mordko (2)
Rivka, Mala, Iorsh Moshko (4)
Srul/Israel (2)
Generation 3 Itsko Eilevich (1785)
1780-1810 …Rivka (1787)
Yankel Eilevich (1766)
…Sima (1786)
Avrum Eilevich (?)
Yankel Moshkovich (1770)
Abram Moshkovich (?)
Generation 4 Mariam Ickovna(1790) Icko Iosifovich (1836 )
1810 -1840 Sura Ickovna (1812) Moshko Shmuliovich (1801-1846)
Ios Ickovich (1803-1840) Gershko Moshkovich (1830)
Leiba Yankelevna (1804) Chaim Moshkovich (1848)
Eilo Yankelevna (1812) Moshko Isarovich (1820)
Shmul Yankelevich (1789) Mikhel Moshkovich (~1840)
Chana Yankelevna (1804) Iol Moshkovich (~1840)
Chaya Yankelevna (1805)
Tovba Yankelevna (1807)
Feiga Yankelevna (1810)
Gershko Avrumovich (1791)
Isar Avrumovich (1796)
Fishel Yankelevich (1793)
El Abramovich (1812)
Lemel Abramovich (1803)
Volko Abramovich (1818)
Generations 5 и 6 Icka Yankel Volkovich Mendel Ovseevich
1840-1900 Idel Aba Mordko Kelman Chersh Moshkovich (1857)
Yankel Srulievich Iosko Aba Morkovich Yankel Shloma Gershevich (1876)
Yankel Avrum Kelmanovich Shmul Gershevich (1881)
Shmul-Leiba Hertc Kelmanovich Zus Gershevich (1886)
Tevel Tcal Yankelevich Itsko Gershevich (1888)
Michel-Chaim Tevelevich Avrum Ioskovich Aren Gershevich (1895)
Icka Yankelevich Nuhim Gdalievich Israel Moshkovich (1845-1923)
Volko Yankelevich Shmul Leiba Tevievich Nachim Yankelevich (1874)
Icka Iosifovich Yankel Shmul Lebovich Srul Yankelevich (1883-1942)
Mendel Yankelevich Mordko Volkovich Joseph Srul-Leibovich
Mordko Volkovich Volko Mordkovich Idel Avrumovich
Volko Mordkovich Rakhmil Yankelevich Aron Avrumovich
Icka Volkovich Lipa Yankelevich Pinchas Shmul Leibovich
Moshko Ickovich Shaya Kelmanovich Yudko Avrumovich
Avrum Ickovich Tcal Yankelevich Slioma Tevievich
From Korostishev and Rzhishchev, the Kagansky moved to Radomysl
OUR RELATIVES OF KAGANSKY FROM RADOMYSL
ISRAEL KAGANSKY FAMILY
Volko Avrumovih (Abramovich) Kagansky (b.1818) (grandfather of Moisei Kagansky):
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Entry No. 313.
Revision tales about merchants, townspeople and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 l.
In this document dated October 30, 1850, among male Jews, the family of our ancestor Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32 years old, b. in 1818,
Volko's son: Yankel, age 3 years, b. in 1847,
And among female Jews: Volko Abramovich's wife is Etlya, age 34 years old, b. in 1816, Volko's daughter - Khaya, age 14 years old, b. in 1836
Revision tales about merchants, townspeople and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 l.
In this document dated October 30, 1850, among male Jews, the family of our ancestor Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32 years old, b. in 1818,
Volko's son: Yankel, age 3 years, b. in 1847,
And among female Jews: Volko Abramovich's wife is Etlya, age 34 years old, b. in 1816, Volko's daughter - Khaya, age 14 years old, b. in 1836
Srul Volkovich Kagansky (1849-1923) (father of Moisei Kagansky):
Our ancestors in Korostyshev
LAYOUT
Korostyshevsky Bourgeois Council for 1910
https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B2:%D0%94%D0%90%D0%96%D0%9E/ 556/1?fbclid=IwAR3SOy7uqpNNXS92pi4Dbs47bujJ-TKN7yzXT_28KDapYXjgXik2JGWushg
LAYOUT
Korostyshevsky Bourgeois Council for 1910
https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B2:%D0%94%D0%90%D0%96%D0%9E/ 556/1?fbclid=IwAR3SOy7uqpNNXS92pi4Dbs47bujJ-TKN7yzXT_28KDapYXjgXik2JGWushg
Srul Kagansky,
...sons Yankel, Meer, Moshko*)
The four daughters of Srul Kagansky (Chana, Tsipa, Meriam, Brocha) are not listed in this document, since paying taxes was the prerogative of the male population.
...sons Yankel, Meer, Moshko*)
The four daughters of Srul Kagansky (Chana, Tsipa, Meriam, Brocha) are not listed in this document, since paying taxes was the prerogative of the male population.
*) Among the Jews, instead of the main or holy name with which the baby is named during the religious rite of circumcision, they also give another - a popular name, which then remains with them even after reaching adulthood. Thus, the common people's name Moshko replaced the holy name Moisei. Moshko is a derived form of the name Moshe. It is translated from Hebrew as “saved from the water.” In a deep sense, Moshe “pulled” the Jewish people out of slavery. This name belongs to the founder of Judaism, the legislator and prophet who united the Israelite tribes into a single people.
GAKO, Census 1897, Korostyshev, Radomyshl district, Jewish residents
Fund 384 inventory 9, files from 139 to 159
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C_1897_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B2.pdfFile 146: Belokrinitsky, Birezka, Brodsky, Vinarski, Vinitsky, Gofshtein, Grechovsky, Goldfarb, Ger, Zelman, Pollak, Kaminir, Kagansky, Korobeinik, Ogorodnik, Pikovsky, Perlman, Staroselsky, Tsypenyuk
Fund 384 inventory 9, files from 139 to 159
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C_1897_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B2.pdfFile 146: Belokrinitsky, Birezka, Brodsky, Vinarski, Vinitsky, Gofshtein, Grechovsky, Goldfarb, Ger, Zelman, Pollak, Kaminir, Kagansky, Korobeinik, Ogorodnik, Pikovsky, Perlman, Staroselsky, Tsypenyuk
Srul Volkovich Kagansky, a newborn in 1849 in Korostyshev, then moved with his family to Radomysl, as evidenced by the following archival materials.
The above archival documents indicate that the family of Srul Kagansky lived in the borough of Korostyshev at least from 1897 to 1910. Then they moved to the city of Radomysl.
From the document "Revision tale of Radomysl district 1851" it follows that 2-year-old Srul Volkovich Kagansky lived in Korostyshev. Thus, it became clear that the father of our great-grandfather Srul (1849-1923) was Volko (b. 1819). From the middle of the 19th century, the Kaganskys moved from Korostyshev to Radomysl.
The above archival documents indicate that the family of Srul Kagansky lived in the borough of Korostyshev at least from 1897 to 1910. Then they moved to the city of Radomysl.
From the document "Revision tale of Radomysl district 1851" it follows that 2-year-old Srul Volkovich Kagansky lived in Korostyshev. Thus, it became clear that the father of our great-grandfather Srul (1849-1923) was Volko (b. 1819). From the middle of the 19th century, the Kaganskys moved from Korostyshev to Radomysl.
Places of Srul Kagansky Family: Korostyshev and Radomysl:
Korostyshev shtetl (Kagansky family nest)
“In 1765, 316 Jews lived in Korostyshev, in 1847 - 2657, in 1852 - 2800, in 1897 - 4160 (52.9%), Jews lived in Korostyshev since the 16th century. In 1602 there was a synagogue. “In 1783, in the town there were 108 houses and 600 persons of both sexes without non-believers, while there were 250 Jewish houses; therefore, at that time the Jewish population exceeded the Christian population by more than twice and the kahal, according to the terms of 1772, paid the owner of the head tax 1240 zlotys.” (Pokhilevich L.I. Kiev and Radomysl districts, 1887). In 1885 there were 3 synagogues in Korostyshev. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Korostyshev, together with the entire right-bank Ukraine, became part of the Russian Empire. Since 1795, the town became the volost center of the Radomysl district of the Volyn province, and since 1797 it was transferred to the Kyiv province, which it was part of for over 120 years.
After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Korostyshev, as part of Right Bank Ukraine, became part of the Russian Empire. In 1795, the town became the volost center of the Radomysl district of the Volyn province, in 1797 the district was transferred to the Kyiv province.
“In 1765, 316 Jews lived in Korostyshev, in 1847 - 2657, in 1852 - 2800, in 1897 - 4160 (52.9%), Jews lived in Korostyshev since the 16th century. In 1602 there was a synagogue. “In 1783, in the town there were 108 houses and 600 persons of both sexes without non-believers, while there were 250 Jewish houses; therefore, at that time the Jewish population exceeded the Christian population by more than twice and the kahal, according to the terms of 1772, paid the owner of the head tax 1240 zlotys.” (Pokhilevich L.I. Kiev and Radomysl districts, 1887). In 1885 there were 3 synagogues in Korostyshev. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Korostyshev, together with the entire right-bank Ukraine, became part of the Russian Empire. Since 1795, the town became the volost center of the Radomysl district of the Volyn province, and since 1797 it was transferred to the Kyiv province, which it was part of for over 120 years.
After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Korostyshev, as part of Right Bank Ukraine, became part of the Russian Empire. In 1795, the town became the volost center of the Radomysl district of the Volyn province, in 1797 the district was transferred to the Kyiv province.
Brokha (Brukha) Srulevna Kislik (Каганская) (1873-1941), one of the daughters of Srul Kagansky, lived with her first husband Kislik Moshko Elyevich (b. 1872) and two children Volko (b. 1893) and Tevele (b. 1896) in Korostyshev.
The above two archival documents indicate that the family of Srul Kagansky lived in the borough of Korostyshev at least from 1897 to 1910. Then they moved to the city of Radomysl.
Kagansky in Radomysl
According to the general census conducted in the Russian Empire in 1897, there were 1,829 residents in Radomysl, of which 1,424 were Jews. And already in 1801, 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jewish merchants, 939 Christian townspeople, 1474 Jewish townspeople lived in the city. The share of the Jewish population in Radomysl gradually increased, although these were difficult times for Jews under tsarism.
According to the general census conducted in the Russian Empire in 1897, there were 1,829 residents in Radomysl, of which 1,424 were Jews. And already in 1801, 14 Christian merchants, 6 Jewish merchants, 939 Christian townspeople, 1474 Jewish townspeople lived in the city. The share of the Jewish population in Radomysl gradually increased, although these were difficult times for Jews under tsarism.
Rusanovskaya street, 3-storey building on the left side at the end - a synagogue (see also photo above). The synagogue burned down in 1921.
There was a spelling mistake on the card: “Rugalovskaya Street.”
The synagogue, which burned down in 1921, was located on Rusanovskaya Street. Near the synagogue there was the house of Srul Kagansky at number 3 (see the above archival document).
There was a spelling mistake on the card: “Rugalovskaya Street.”
The synagogue, which burned down in 1921, was located on Rusanovskaya Street. Near the synagogue there was the house of Srul Kagansky at number 3 (see the above archival document).
Kiev Provincial Board
THE CASE
of choosing a rabbi for the city of Radomysl List of parishioners of the Ben Medrosh prayer school, 1894:
Srul (Israel) Volkovich Kagansky is father of Moisei Kagansky:
Note: The above portrait diagrams do not show one of Moisei Kagansky’s sisters, Brocha Kaganskaya (Kislik), due to the lack of family photographs of her. Brokha (Brukha) Srulevna Kislik (Каганская) (1873-1941), one of the daughters of Srul Kagansky, lived with her first husband Kislik Moshko Elyevich (b. 1872) and two children Volko (b. 1893) and Tevele (b. 1896) in Korostyshev.
Interesting facts
Of the four sisters of Kagansky, three sisters married Jews who did not live in Radomysl, but in other places: Chana Kaganskaya for Mordechai Maloratsky from Malin, Mariam Kaganskaya for Naftula Spivak from Malin, Tsipa Kaganskaya for Leib Kaganovsky from Brusilov. What is the reason for this? It should be noted that the distance from Radomysl to Malina is about 35 km, and the distance from Radomysl to Brusilov is 37 km.
Only some assumptions can be made:
1. In the case of the Spivak /Kaganskaya couple: at that time, according to several sources ("All Russia for 1899, List of Jewish Businesses of Radomysl for 1913, List of Jewish Businesses of Malin for 1911), the businesses of the Spivak families existed in parallel, in Malin and Radomysl, at times, the same company had branches in these two places, thanks to which, perhaps, the Radomysl Mariam became friends with Malyn Naftula.
2. With regard to the Kaganovsky / Kagansky couple, these two names originated from the Cohen surname. Cohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman *). The status of the Cohen was always passed through the male line, and as a result, he was eventually perceived as the family nickname from which the Jewish name Cohen was formed. It, in turn, turned out to be the initial link for the formation of a number of other Jewish families, including the Kagansky and Kaganovsky families. The reason why Cohenism goes only to sons is certainly spiritual nature, as, indeed, all the other commandments of the Torah.
"... In order to organize a profitable marriage within the limited world of the Pale of Settlement, Jewish families could use the following basic strategies: (1) hire a professional Shadkhan (matchmaker; сваха rus.), (2) a contract with relatives about marriage, and (3) stop on endogam marriage in a small group of local families ... " (source: Jewish Marriage and Divorce in Imperial Russia By ChaeRan Y. Freeze).
In the case of the marriage, the Tsipa Kaganskaya and Leib Kaganovsky, one or more of these strategies could work if Brusilov or (and) Malin did not have suitable candidates for Jewish Cohen. A professional matchmaker successfully coped with this problem. Since the status of the jewish-cohen was transmitted only through the male line, subsequent generations of the Kaganovskys most likely were and still are cohens.
3. Now about the Kaganskaya / Maloratsky pair. Since, as noted earlier, the name Maloratsky was associated with the place of Malaya Racha, where this name came from, then the search for religious sources of this kind should be sought in the times before the formation of Jewish surnames. This task seems to be quite difficult, and therefore it can be assumed that the initiative of this marriage came from Mordechai Maloratsky, who was living in Malin at that time, and wished (or he or his parents) to join the Jewish cohens.*) This is connected with his marriage to Tsipa Kagansky and his subsequent transfer from Malin to Radomysl. Therefore, since the status of the Cohen was transmitted only through the male line, the subsequent generations of the Maloratskys most likely were and still are Levites **) or "Israel," of whom the majority is among the Jews.
*) Cohens - a Jewish class of priests in Judaism, consisting of descendants of the genus Aaron.
**) Levit - (from the Hebrew Levi) - representatives of the tribe of Levi. On the Levites lay the duties of the priesthood: they guarded the order during worship, led the people at sacrifices, healed the lepers, were musicians and sang psalms, made up an honorary temple guard. Traditionally, the Levites were engaged in teaching the people the law of the Torah; In ancient times the chroniclers came out mainly from the Levites, and therefore, one of the chroniclers of this Genealogy, Leo Maloratsky, is probably a descendant of the Levites.
Four sisters of Kaganskaya
CHANA KAGANSKAYA (MALORATSKAYA)
BROCHA KAGANSKAYA (KISLIK)
Clarification: Brocha Kaganskaya after the death of her sister Chana Kaganskaya became the second wife of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky. At the outbreak of the war, for unknown reasons, she did not leave Kiev with her husband, who was evacuated to Tashkent, and was shot at Babyi Yar in Kiev, according to unconfirmed reports. Brocha Kislik (Kaganskaya) worked at a tannery at her brother Moisei Kagansky (see the above list of artisans of Radomysl in 1913: "Tanning merchandise: Kislyuk Brucha Srul".
TSIPA KAGANSKAYA (KAGANOVSKAYA)
Tsipa Kaganovskaya (Kaganskaya) and her husband Leib Kaganovsky had 9 sons. Two of them (one of them was Boruch - the eldest son) were killed during the Civil War, fighting on the side of the Red Army. Five sons (one of whom was named Motel) together with their parents fell ill with typhus *) and were burned in Brusilov in 1919 in their hut by the Germans, who thus fought the typhus epidemic. Two sons Iosif (Yosel) and Ovsey (Shika) survived, who managed to escape (see the photo below).
14-year-old Iosif (middle in age among 9 sons) was in Radomysl, where his aunt Mariam Kaganskaya took care of him (according to information from Arnold Kholodenko, grandson of Mariam). Ovsey was killed at the front in 1944 *). His descendants (son Leonid, daughter of Maya and their families) live in Israel **). After the war, Iosif Kaganovsky was left alive - the only one among the nine brothers. He died in 1991 in Moscow at the age of 84 years. Information about the family of Iosif Kaganovsky is given later in this Part in the section "The Kaganovsky Family" and in Part 2 of this Chapter 1.
Information found by Oleg Sagalov in the Kiev Regional Archive:
Fund 280, inventory 2, file 1002, 331 sheet
An additional revision tale about philistines and Jews of the Kiev province of Radomysl Uyezd, the town of Brusilov, the Jewish Society 1851, March, 26 days Families of the Male sex:
Froim Itskovich Kaganovsky, age 3 years (b:1848)
Peysakh Itskovich Kaganovsky, age 3 years (b:1848)
Fund 280, inventory 2, file 1002, 331 sheet
An additional revision tale about philistines and Jews of the Kiev province of Radomysl Uyezd, the town of Brusilov, the Jewish Society 1851, March, 26 days Families of the Male sex:
Froim Itskovich Kaganovsky, age 3 years (b:1848)
Peysakh Itskovich Kaganovsky, age 3 years (b:1848)
*) After the collapse of the front in the First World War, many soldiers rushed home, taking with them and pathogens of severely contagious diseases. The first cases of typhus epidemic in Ukraine appeared at the very beginning of 1918, during the demobilization of the army, when thousands of soldiers were accumulating in the stations of the stations because of snow drifts. At first, typhus was a professional disease of the military. And by the summer of 1918 he had already spread to the townsfolk. The epidemic of typhus in 1919-1920. Reached an unprecedented rate of 500 diseases per 100 thousand people and took tens of thousands of Ukrainians.
http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?
Details of the Kaganovskys are given later in this Part in the section "The Kaganovsky Family".
http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?
Details of the Kaganovskys are given later in this Part in the section "The Kaganovsky Family".
MARIAM KAGANSKAYA (SPIVAK)
Photo of Mariam Spivak (Kaganskaya), sister of Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya), and her fiancé Nathan (Naftula) Spivak (see the above diagram of the Kagansky family) before their wedding. In the upper part of the photo there is a preserved part of the reverse side of the passportu (fr. Passe-partout)*), on which the photo was pasted (from the archive of Arnold Kholodenko).
*) The cardboard on which the photo is attached is called a passportu (fr. passe-partout). In prerevolutionary Russia, there are often standard passports without data about a photo studio. The photo was taken, most likely, in Radomysl.
Family Mariam and Naftule Spivak:
From left to right are: 15-year-old daughter Ethel (Edith), eldest son Volko; sit: Mariam, Naftula, the youngest son of Jonah; ahead of the youngest daughter Fanya.
The picture was taken in Radomysl in 1928, apparently before the entire family of Moisey Kagansky left for Palestine
(from the archive of Arnold Kholodenko)
From left to right are: 15-year-old daughter Ethel (Edith), eldest son Volko; sit: Mariam, Naftula, the youngest son of Jonah; ahead of the youngest daughter Fanya.
The picture was taken in Radomysl in 1928, apparently before the entire family of Moisey Kagansky left for Palestine
(from the archive of Arnold Kholodenko)
One of the versions of Mariam Kaganskaya's marriage from Radomysl and Naftula Spivak from Malin: at that time, according to several sources ("All Russia for 1899", List of Jewish Businesses of Radomysl for 1913, List of Jewish Businesses of Malin for 1911), businesses Spivak families existed in parallel in Malin and Radomysl, at times, the same company had branches in these two places, which probably allowed the Radomysl Mariam to get closer to Malyn Naftula.
Mariam Izrailevna Kaganskaya (Spivak)
(b:1889, Radomysl; d:1972, Perm) Volko Spivak
(brother of Etel Spivak (Kholodenko)) (On the back side of the photo there is the signature: "Fane from a cousin") Comment: Volko's mother is Mariam Kaganskaya (Spivak) - the sister of Chana Kaganskaya - mother of Fanya Kaganovskaya (Maloratskaya) - Chana Kaganskaya |
Natan (Naftula) Spivak
(b:1889, Malin; d:1972, Perm) Leonid (Jonah) Spivak (1917-1944) (brother of Ethel Spivak)
|
Йона Спивак и его невеста Ася
From the memoirs of Arnold Cholodenko: "... my grandmother Mariam (Donya) Kaganskaya-Spivak kept a lot of stories from the life of a large family of Kagansky in Radomysl in the early 19th century and often told me about them until the 1960s. I remember them, which helped me a lot In the future work. For example, I did not expect that my grandmother could tell me about the pre-revolutionary events in Radomysl, in which local Jewish youth participated, including her.*) Memories of the May Day (meeting, rus. маевка) in the forest, secret gatherings at home, political circles, etc. Were quite unexpected for me then. Suddenly she sang in Yiddish with a high maiden voice Varshavyanka (!). Knowing the firm character and steep nature of my grandmother, I think that only her early marriage saved us in the future from another ardent revolutionary like Rosa Zemlyachka ... "
*) In the early 20th century, most of the Jewish townships were already different. Kagals formally was abolished for a long time, and judicial and fiscal functions were carried out by the state. The community, therefore, lost the main tools of pressure on its members. Nor could she protect the Jews from an external, often hostile world. Not surprisingly, a large part of the youth no longer listened to either parents, rabbis, or public opinion, but more and more absorbed the views and attitudes of the Russian or Jewish-Russian intelligentsia. In the early 20 century. Jews actively joined in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of the Bund ("a common Jewish union"), which included mainly Jewish artisans, workers, students. Its influence in the region during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was felt. Subsequently, the hearth of the Poalei Zion party was formed in the city, which united the more affluent sections of the Jewish population. After the February Revolution of 1917 the cells of the Bund and Poalei Zion had a significant representation in the city and county governments. Some of the Jewish workers leaned against the communist organization of the Bolsheviks, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917. http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
The in the photo below - Radomyslskaya Komsomol cell about 1922. We know for sure that in the middle row in the center sits our relative Ovsey Kaganovsky.
The in the photo below - Radomyslskaya Komsomol cell about 1922. We know for sure that in the middle row in the center sits our relative Ovsey Kaganovsky.
One of the daughters of Mariam Spivak (Kaganskaya) - Fanya Spivak volunteered for the front when she was 18 years old, she worked at the military airfield in Stalingrad, where she died on August 10, 1942, which preserved the notice and her photo in the form.
A telegram from the Stalingrad Front from Faina Spivak, addressed to Edi Kholodenko - Ethel Spivak (mother of Arnold Kholodenko):
"ZHIVA ZDOROVA I FIND THE STALINGRAD FANYA"
"ZHIVA ZDOROVA I FIND THE STALINGRAD FANYA"
Reprinting:
NCO of the USSR Notification
515th Sister Red Army Spivak Faina Natanovna, born in town Radomysl of the Kiev region in the battle for the
Aviation Regiment *) Socialist Motherland, showing heroism and courage, was killed on August 10, 1942. Buried in the cemetery on page of city Stalingrad. This notice is a document for the initiation of a pension application. Order of the USSR October 9, 1942 NCO # 138.
# 9010 Commander of the 515 air force Regiment of the Military 515 IAP
Captain Kostyuchenko Commissioner Chomutov
*) Formed June 6, 1941 as the 12th Fighter Aviation Regiment, renamed the 515th Fighter Aviation Regiment on September 20, 1941 from July 18, 1942 as part of the Stalingrad Front. In August 1942 it was based at the central airfield of Stalingrad. During this period, the regiment reported on 37 enemy planes shot down. After many losses in personnel and technology, the regiment was reduced to reorganization in the 20th reserve aviation regiment in Tolmachevo near Novosibirsk, where it was replenished with personnel and aircraft. Commanders: Baran Stepan Vikentievich, major, 1942 - 08.09.42 Kostyuchenko Mikhail Isaakovich, captain, on the order of 09.09.42 - 15.11.42
BOOK OF MEMORY OF WARRIOR-JEWS, SACRED IN COMBAT
Spivak Faina Nanovnova 1922 - 1942 (CCP) (HBS) (HALL-PHOTO) Born: Radomysl, Zhitomir region, Ukraine. Called Durasovsky RVC, Saratov region. Red Army soldier, fur. Arming. 515 IAP 268 av.d 8 BA. Died 10/8/1942. She was buried at the center of the pond. Stalingrad. / ЦАМО, ф.58, оп.818883, д.1856 /
Edya Natanovna Kholodenko (Spivak) (daughter Mariam Spivak (Kagansky))
(information and photos were obtained from Arnold Kholodenko).
(information and photos were obtained from Arnold Kholodenko).
THE SCARY TIME OF OUR ANCESTORS FROM THE RADOMYSL 1919 - 1920 years.
THREATS
http://alkerat.narod.ru/2012/05/27/t020942.html
Atamans stood at the head of the gangs. In the north of Kiev, in the Chernobyl area, operated Struk. To the west, in the Radomysl area and in the neighboring part of the Zhitomir region - Sokolovsky. The March pogroms of 1919 are connected - almost all with the breakthrough of the Petlyurites from Sarn in Korostenisky are directed, at which they approached Kiev from the northwest almost for fifty versts. At this time, pogroms were committed in Korosten, Ushomir, on the 31st, in Beloshits between 7 and 12; In Samogordok on the 13th, in Chernyakhov on the 18th, in Zhitomir for the second time, on the 22nd: in Janushpol on the 25-29th: in Radomysl, on 12 and 13 and on 23-31.
In Radomysl, since that time, the pogroms took on a chronic character, because Sokolovsky's gang had already begun to operate, in Korosten on the 13th a new pogrom was committed by the Red Army men who had come. In addition, there were Petlyura pogroms in the Podolsky province: in Kalinovka, Kublich, Vyatkovtsi and other places.
Chronology of the pogroms in Radomysl
February 16 - 18, 1919
The first anti-Jewish pogrom in Radomysl. The gang was led by ataman Dmitry Sokolovsky*) with the support of Semyon Petlyura and the Ukrainian National Army. 44 people were killed.
End of February 1919
Dm. Sokolovsky managed to knock out Bolsheviks from Radomysl for six days and establish there his "Atomic power" "Radomyshl's rebel republic of Sokolovsky", which included the county center Radomysl.
Early March 1919
Radomysl was captured by the Bolsheviks.
March 8, 1919
Dm. Sokolovsky again broke into Radomysl, but he could only stay there for 24 hours.
11 - 13 March 1919
The second pogrom in Radomysl, arranged by Dm. Sokolovsky. The pogrom lasted 3 days. 33 people were killed and many were injured.
April 25, 1919
At night in Horbul (Radomysl district) detachments Dm. Sokolovsky was defeated by the Bolsheviks.
Mid-May 1919
Dm. Sokolovsky knocked out the garrison of the Reds from Radomysl.
May 23 - 25, 1919
The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. On May 23, early in the morning, when the population was still alive, the gang of ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered over Jewish apartments and started killing and robbing. The population caught unexpectedly had no opportunity to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age from old men to babies were killed.
They killed with rifles and cut-offs, dragged the victims from the attics and pulled them out of the cellars. Before the shooting the bandits forced the Jews to sing "Shche did not die Ukraine ...". From the newspaper "Izvestiya Volgubrevkoma # 35 from 1.06.1919": Pogrom Sokolovsky in Radomysl - more than 1000 corpses lay in the Jewish cemetery. "Among our dead was our relative Meer Kagansky who was brother Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya). His wife Pesya remained with three children Malka, Jacob (16 years old) and younger Oma (4 years old). This massacre finally disorganized the population, which in panic horror began to scatter in different directions towards the nearest major cities. The total number of refugees from Radomysl reached 10,000 (ten thousand) people**).
**) According to the census, the Jewish population of Radomysl in 1910 was 10450, i.e., 69.6% of the city's population. Before the pogrom in the city lived 14 thousand Jews. Thus, as a result of the pogroms, about 10% of the Jewish population of Radomysl was destroyed, and almost all Jews left the city after the last pogrom. In 1920 the population was 5122 people, that is, not all Jews returned back to Radomysl.
May 25, 1919
Sokolovsky detachments occupy Radomysl.
August 8, 1919 For 7 million, the Cheka "bought" a traitor (Sokolovsky's homeland), who killed Dm. Sokolovsky at night in the Gubilev Gymnasium.
August 15, 1919
After Dmitry, the Republic of Sokolovsky was led by his brother Vasily Sokolovsky. He succeeded in reassembling a detachment of insurgents with whom he captured Radomysl and carved a garrison and all representatives of Soviet power in the city (about 500 people).
1920 In Radomysl entered the division under the command of A.Golikov, known more as a writer Arkady Gaidar.
Early 1920
The Jews began to return to Radomysl. April 1920 The Soviet-Polish war begins, Radomysl occupied the troops of the third Polish army, but already in June 1920, under the pressure of the Red Army, they retreat and leave the city. The struggle against the Bolsheviks is continued by the insurgent committee headed by Y.Mordalevich. In the years 1921-1922. The population of the county was suffering from a terrible calamity-the artificial famine that the Bolsheviks had introduced to pacify the rebellious Ukraine; in this they were actively assisted by the red troops commanded by G. Kotovsky.
November 1921
The last desperate attempt was made by the units of the UNR, headed by Yu. Tyutyunnik, to liberate Ukraine and create an independent state. These events affected the county, but ended heroically and tragically under the town of Bazar, where the remnants of the rebels who did not submit (359 people) were shot. At this the frenzied whirlwind of the civil war ceased with the assertion of Soviet power.
*) Sokolovsky Nest
Head of the family: Timothy Sokolovsky psalmist of the St. Nicholas Church. 67-year-old Timofey Sokolovsky took an active part in the creation of the "Radomyshl rebel republic of Sokolovsky" as the chief of staff of the insurgents. 4 sons: Vasily, Dmitry, Alexei, Stepan. 4 daughters: Anna, Vera, Ustin, Alexandra. Dmitry Sokolovsky (5.11.1894-07.08.1919), the eldest son, taught in the schools of the district. At the beginning of World War I went to the front. For some time he fought in the tsarist army in the rank of ensign. Returning to organize in the Radomysl district of the "Free Cossacks" department, he stayed for some time in the army of the UPR. In 1917, he organized the seizure of landed estates by peasants and thereby acquired a great popularity among them. In July 1918 he was elected Head of the Town Duma of Radomysl. He declared himself ataman. He walked into the Duma under the sign of Petlyura. In January 1919, after the death of his brother, Alexei was led by a five-thousand-strong detachment and at the end of February 1919 he beat the Bolsheviks from Radomysl and established there his Ataman power "The Radomysl Rebel Republic of the Sokolovskys." In mid-March 1919, the troops of the Directory broke through the front in the area of Korosten, Sokolovsky at the head of his detachment rushed to meet them for a joint struggle against the Bolsheviks. But already in early April, the Bolsheviks went into a counteroffensive and Sokolovsky was forced to return to the Radomysl district. The first anti-Jewish pogrom of the gang of D. Sokolovsky was performed on February 16 -18, 1919; 44 people were killed. The second pogrom took place on March 11-13, 1919, when 33 people were killed. April 25, 1919 the troops of Dm. Sokolovsky surrounded Radomysl and on May 25 occupied the city. The most terrible pogrom began from May 23 to May 25. More than 400 (four hundred) people were slaughtered! Sokolovsky uses the slogan "Beat the Jews and Communists!" August 8, 1919. Dm. Sokolovsky was killed by a bribed traitor. In "Izvestia Volyubrevkoma" of 18.08.1919: "In the village of Solovevka (on the border of the Kiev district) Sokolovsky's gang was destroyed." 25 bandits were exhausted, and the rest were taken prisoner. " Alexey Sokolovsky (24.02.1990-5.01.1919) taught in the schools of the district. At the beginning of World War I went to the front. Returning with his older brother Dmitry 18 year old Alexei Sokolovsky in November 1918 organized from the inhabitants of Gorbulyov Radomyslsky uyezd his first detachment and went with him to release Radomysl from the hetman of Scarapad. Alexei participated in a peasant uprising against the hetman of Scarapadsky and in the assault of Radomysl in November 1918. Then the detachment had to confront the Bolsheviks and drive them from Radomysl. The pogrom epic Alexei Sokolovsky began in the town of Korostyshov. To suppress the underground revolutionary committee, a detachment of 200-300 men, led by Alexei, was sent. Ataman decided to start with the Jews. There was an armed clash between the Bolsheviks and the rebels, during which on January 5, 1919, Alexei was killed.
Vasily Sokolovsky (... - August 25, 1919). After the murder of Dmitry Sokolovsky on August 8, 1919, the Sokolovskys was led by his brother Vasily. He managed to assemble a detachment of insurgents with whom he captured Radomysl on August 15, 1919 and cut out the garrison and all representatives of the Soviet government in the city (up to 500 people). At the end of August 1919, the rebel brigade of Vasily Sokolovsky joined the troops of the UNR, who at that moment stormed Kiev. Vasily was adopted by Semyon Petlyura and even recognized his authority. But a week later Vasily was abducted by agents of the Bolsheviks, who took him to Radomysl, where he was tortured and shot on August 25, 1919.
Stepan Sokolovsky - a priest in the village of Gorbulyovo, fought a word, not sabers.
Alexandra Sokolovskaya (14.12.1902 - ...). After Vasily, the head of the insurgents was his sister, a former schoolgirl Alexander Sokolovskaya, who fought under the name of Marousya. Alexandra went through a kind of ritual of initiation into Cossack chivalry, becoming ataman Marousya at the head of an insurgent detachment of 300 sabers, 700 bayonets, 10 machine guns and three guns. She led a detachment of 800 people, who called the Rebel Brigade named after Dmitry Sokolovsky. Banda of Marousya almost a year from the end of 1918 to November 1919 controlled the territory of the Radomysl district, sometimes raided Zhitomir. Marousya adopted Nestor Makhno's tactics, using a machine gun in battle. By the way, the song "Tachanka", popular in Soviet times, was ideologically not kept, as in the Red Army the machine gun was not used in combat. The battle tactics on tachankas for a long time allowed Marousya to win every battle.
In early October 1919, the Marousya Brigade was badly battered by parts of the 58th Soviet Division near Radomysl. In April 1920, Marousya appeared in the rebel detachment of her fiancé ataman Kurovsky, who fought with parts of the First Cavalry Army in the south of Kiev region. After the death of her brother Alexander Sokolovsky in late 1919, Peter Felonenko joined the broken detachment of Marousya. An apostate, who had been arrested by Marouseya, escaped from custody, fired at the window of the house where the insurgent headquarters met. The bullet hit Marousya in the right eye.
Источники:
http://unknownwar.info:113
ocherovmichail.livejournal.com
www.proza.ru/2015
www.jewishperson.org/kamensm
www.e-reading.club/chapter
www.maxolip.ru/kolonki/4095-vremja-voinob-alexandra
samblb.ru/e/efraim-w/efrukr1917-2.shtml
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/07/blog-post_7056.html
"In a letter from the Central Administration of the Cheka to the Central Committee of the RCP, the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Ukraine, Comrade Rakovsky, dated November 7, 1920, kept in the Central State Archives of Public Organizations of Ukraine (file 1, item 20, d. 38, 39-39, 40-41), but about the political situation in the province of Kiev at the time.In particular, it says that the situation in the province at that time was considerably complicated, primarily because of the complete destruction of the Soviet apparatus in the rural Terrain. The military units of the first horse army of Budyonny who, passing through the counties (Radomyslsky, Tarashchansky, Skvirsky, Lipovetsky, Belotserkovsky, Kievsky, Berdichevsky) literally swept away the administrative Soviet apparatus, literally swept away all the government bodies on their way, arranging, moreover, in the uyezd Cities, towns and large villages of pogroms not only over the Jewish population, but also over the Russian population, as well as over Ukrainian peasants. The Budennovsky units withdrawn from the front were smashing the shops of private traders, the warehouses of the food committees, the sobors and other institutions, the institutions themselves, and tortured and killed Jews, Communists, military committees and other responsible Soviet workers and employees who were to be rescued from the Red Army men, either from enemies or bandits. In the bazaars and villages, the "liberators" robbed the peasants, not dividing them into kulaks and poor people, stripping people in the middle of the street, taking off their clothes, taking away livestock, forage, money and other property, raping women and girls, completely cutting Jewish families, setting fire to houses, Robbed synagogues and prayer houses, scoffed at Jewish shrines. Such a behavior of the Budyonny fighters, it was noted in the message, brought to nothing all the efforts of the local revolutionary committees to support the population of the Bolshevik regime. "It seems that in the district there was not even any Soviet power at all ... It's some kind of wild orgy that sweeps everything on its way under the slogan" Beat the Jews and commissars. " Of course, the peasants rebelled, because now they do not know who to believe ... ". It is reported that the staff of the Plastun Brigade of the First Cavalry Army, headed by the Commissar Kholodov, who arrived from the front to Radomysl, on October 2 organized a Jewish pogrom in the city, dispersing the district Soviet and party organs ... The district revolutionary committee had to hide for some time in Vyshevichi, leaving Property in Radomysl ...
The exact number of victims of pogromists, however, is not reported, despite the fact that pogroms and looting in the northern part of the county continued. Of course, these and similar facts were hushed up and carefully hidden in the archives under the veil of extreme secrecy. After all, the "red cavalrymen" of the 1st Cavalry became an example of the valor and glory of the Red Army, and therefore nothing should overshadow this halo. But Communist propaganda in the infringement of the local population accused exclusively groupings hostile to the Soviet government. " The newspaper "Zorya Polissya", 7 червня 2013
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/29987.html
"... At the same time, it is the Communists who are implicated in the multitude of war crimes, namely in the hands of the Communists who broke into the Ukrainian lands, fighting against the Ukrainian army and local guerrillas, the blood of thousands of killed residents of the region. Hundreds of Ukrainian, Polish, German, Jewish pogroms , Mass robberies and mockery of the population committed by the Red Army, the police, the Cheka in the Radomislshchyna in 1919-1922 give grounds to speak of the Communists as a horde of marauders united not by the ideals of the world revolution but by more prosaic things: The possibility of drinking and robbing with impunity, and not appreciating either his own, or even more alien life, and acting on the principle of "the life of a penny." Therefore, let us recall ... the real deeds of red-star robbers in the Radomysl land. Let's start with Jewish pogroms, in which communists were so fond of blaming Ukrainians. For example, during April - the first days of May 1919 in Radomysl, the "151st regiment of the Red Army" was entertained, whose soldiers were amused by the fact that they were catching Jews in the streets and beating them. On April 30, 1919, the Council of Workers ', Peasants' and Chervonokazak deputies decided to appeal to the "higher military authorities" to prevent the Red Army soldiers from beating Jewish workers. With the withdrawal of this regiment from the city "the population, and especially the Jewish one, sighed more freely." In an operational report on the actions of the 21st Regiment in Radomislshchina on June 1, 1919, the attitude towards the population of the Red Army was characterized by one word - anti-Semitism. The situation in neighboring counties was no better. In the twentieth of March 1919, the ninth and twenty-first regiments Ch.A. Committed a Jewish pogrom in Berdichev. In April, it was reported about the pogrom actions of the 6th and 1st communist regiments in Vasilkov. At the end of the same month, the Nizhyn regiment perpetrated a pogrom in Kazanin. At the same time, at the Teterev station, the 9th Regiment, under the slogan "Down with the Cammunists and Jews," shot Jews detained on trains ... They cut out Jewish families in the town, burned houses, robbed synagogues, smashed the tablets and tore the Torah. On October 2, 1920, the staff of the Plastun Brigade, together with other units led by Commissioner Kholodov, committed a Jewish pogrom in Radomysl ... "
And I.Babel writes only about this:
"After the emergence of the advanced units of the Red Army, the Poles entered the city for 3 days, Jewish pogrom, took to the premises of the slaughterhouses, tortured, cut tongues, screamed at the whole area." They set fire to 6 houses, a house Konyukhovsky at the Cathedral "(I. Babel," The Conarmean Diary of 1920 ").
See also: http://www.lechaim.ru/ARHIV/138/kardin.htm http://www.mk.ru/old/article/2002/06/02/166653-krovavyiy-put-pervoy-konnoy.html
Inna Shmulevich (Kaganskaya) Teacher of Hebrew:
"And tell your son ..." - said in the "Easter Haggadah". I convey very briefly one of their stories - memories of their grandmother, Kagan Mani Shmulynov. The grandmother's family (father, mother, grandfather and children) lived in the town of Radomysl, Zhitomir region. By 1918, the family had three children-Misha's elder brother, a grandmother (at that time she was 5 years old), and Fem's nursing younger brother. Later on, children were born. At that time in Radomysl the Sokolovsky gang was operating. Grandmother's mother held the baby in her arms when the bandits burst into the house and demanded gold. The older children hid under the bed. Grandfather, the mother's father, said: "I'm a working man, I do not have any gold, you'll find it will be yours." And then a shot followed, and grandfather was killed. "The daughter shouted:" Oh, Dad! "The second shot followed, the bullet fired by the bandits throat grandmother's mother and pierced the heart of the child. So the grandmother lost her younger brother. Mark's scar - the grandmother's mother remained for life. And already a German bullet overtook her in 1941 in the forest near Radomyslem, notoriously known as the place of mass executions of Jews. The war with the Nazis almost took away most of the friendly family of the Kagansky. Killed - who is at the fronts, who are in the shootings in the Radomysl forest, who are in Babi Yar. In the people's militia, defending Kiev, my grandmother's husband, Grigory Zusevich, also died. Grisha's younger brother Grisha managed to save her and his little son from the fate of those who died in Babi Yar, putting them in the last train leaving Kiev. This son was a future father - Kagansky Semyon Grigorievich. It is Grisha who owes his life. Grisha himself was killed at the front when crossing the Bug River. In memory of him, my parents called their son - my brother - Grisha. Now he is a citizen of Israel. "
The pogroms not only ruined and destroyed the houses of the Jews, not only took the lives of many of them, leaving families without breadwinners, and children without mothers, they destroyed the belief of the Jews that they managed to become their own, to find in this country an equal position that would allow Count on the safety of life and business. Even the Moscow merchants had to admit that the anti-Semitic policy under Alexander III and the pogroms had a negative impact on the state of affairs in the economy. In their note submitted to the government, it was noted that the pogroms affected trade, affected the activity of operations at Ukrainian fairs, in particular in Kharkov, and resulted in a reduction in purchases and orders in Moscow for the southern and western regions.
One of the dead during the pogrom was our relative Meer Kagansky (see below).
One of the dead during the pogrom was our relative Meer Kagansky (see below).
MEER KAGANSKY
Meer Kagansky, 1912
(1870 - 1919) The children of Meer and Pesya Kagansky
Malka*) Yakov Oma
*) Apparently, Pesya called her daughter Malka in memory of her deceased mother Malka Verlotskaya. Mother Pesi, Hersh's first wife: Malka Verlotskaya. Second wife Gersha Khaya Liya Verlotskaya was the niece of the deceased first wife of Hersh. |
Pesya Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya), 1912
(1880 - 1942) |
The history of the family of Meer Kagansky (based on an interview with Maya Kaganskaya (b:1926)
Centropa.orgwww.centropa.org/sites/.../interview/UKKAGANSKAYA%20int.DOC:
Meer Kagansky (b:1870, d:1919), his children: Yakov (Yankel) (b:1903, d:1985), Oma (b:1915, d:1970), Malka Kagansky (b:1900, d:?), the Meer's wife Pesya Kaganskaya (b:1880, d:1942). Father of Pesya Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) - Gershl Radomyslsky (b:1837, d:1939) lived a long life - 102 years. Meeer Kagansky was an employee of his younger brother Moisey Kagansky (brother of Chana Maloratsky (Kaganskaya). Among the people killed during the May pogrom in 1919 in Radomysl *) was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya). His wife Pesya remained with three children Malka, Jacob (16 years old) and younger Oma (4 years old). After the murder of his father, Yakov went to work as an employee to his uncle Moisei Kagansky. Malka went insane. She had two sons (one of them was brought up in an orphanage, and the second Semyon Katsovsky studied at the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute of Communications MEIC, became an electronic engineer, later went to Israel). Oma (Naum) was repressed before the war, he was mobilized at the beginning of the war. In the twenties, after the death of her husband, Pesya with the younger boy Oma (see photo below) wanted to go to America. But then a medical commission was needed, which they did not pass, and could not leave **). Pesya Kaganskaya died in 1942 at the age of 62 years. At this time she was in evacuation in Ferghana. Oma subsequently lived in Moscow, worked as a driver, died in 1970 at the age of 55 years. Yakov Kagansky later lived in Kiev in an apartment in the basement on Sagaidachnogo (Zhdanov), which his mother Pesya bought him and his family. Yakov worked in a leather workshop. At this time, his mother Pesya lived in Tashkent. In 1922, Yakov married, and in 1924, together with his wife Basya Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (? -1977) moved to Kiev, and in 1926 they had a daughter, whom the couple at the insistence of Yakov called Maya (since she was born in May). In 1928, Yakov left his family ***), married and lived in Yoshkar-Ola with his new wife, they had three sons. Yakov fought, was wounded; died in 1985 at the age of 82 years.
http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya
*) In Radomysl, the parents of Pesya and her family lived on Chernobyl Street, "where the Jews settled, mostly Jews.
**) Immigrants were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States. Here, the Russian Jew had to defend his right of entry. Immigration officials conducted a thorough medical examination, looked into the soul and wallet, asked in detail about the relatives and intentions. If the arriving person suffered from infectious diseases (tuberculosis, trachoma), his shipping company provided a return journey. Immigrants did not accidentally call Ellis Island "island of tears", as every day here played out human tragedies and people's lives were broken. The way of the emigrants to the "Promised Land" lay, as a rule, through Brody and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia in Hamburg and Bremen.
***) Despite the fact that the tradition of orienting Jews on the compulsory nature of marriage, Judaism allows divorce, the reasons for which may be: the refusal of one of the spouses to perform marital duties for a year, insulting the parents of the opposite party, profanity in the relationship between husband and wife, etc. Quite simple was and the divorce ceremony: the husband handed his wife Get - a document in which it was recognized that she was free and could enter into a new marriage.
Centropa.orgwww.centropa.org/sites/.../interview/UKKAGANSKAYA%20int.DOC:
Meer Kagansky (b:1870, d:1919), his children: Yakov (Yankel) (b:1903, d:1985), Oma (b:1915, d:1970), Malka Kagansky (b:1900, d:?), the Meer's wife Pesya Kaganskaya (b:1880, d:1942). Father of Pesya Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) - Gershl Radomyslsky (b:1837, d:1939) lived a long life - 102 years. Meeer Kagansky was an employee of his younger brother Moisey Kagansky (brother of Chana Maloratsky (Kaganskaya). Among the people killed during the May pogrom in 1919 in Radomysl *) was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya). His wife Pesya remained with three children Malka, Jacob (16 years old) and younger Oma (4 years old). After the murder of his father, Yakov went to work as an employee to his uncle Moisei Kagansky. Malka went insane. She had two sons (one of them was brought up in an orphanage, and the second Semyon Katsovsky studied at the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute of Communications MEIC, became an electronic engineer, later went to Israel). Oma (Naum) was repressed before the war, he was mobilized at the beginning of the war. In the twenties, after the death of her husband, Pesya with the younger boy Oma (see photo below) wanted to go to America. But then a medical commission was needed, which they did not pass, and could not leave **). Pesya Kaganskaya died in 1942 at the age of 62 years. At this time she was in evacuation in Ferghana. Oma subsequently lived in Moscow, worked as a driver, died in 1970 at the age of 55 years. Yakov Kagansky later lived in Kiev in an apartment in the basement on Sagaidachnogo (Zhdanov), which his mother Pesya bought him and his family. Yakov worked in a leather workshop. At this time, his mother Pesya lived in Tashkent. In 1922, Yakov married, and in 1924, together with his wife Basya Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (? -1977) moved to Kiev, and in 1926 they had a daughter, whom the couple at the insistence of Yakov called Maya (since she was born in May). In 1928, Yakov left his family ***), married and lived in Yoshkar-Ola with his new wife, they had three sons. Yakov fought, was wounded; died in 1985 at the age of 82 years.
http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya
*) In Radomysl, the parents of Pesya and her family lived on Chernobyl Street, "where the Jews settled, mostly Jews.
**) Immigrants were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States. Here, the Russian Jew had to defend his right of entry. Immigration officials conducted a thorough medical examination, looked into the soul and wallet, asked in detail about the relatives and intentions. If the arriving person suffered from infectious diseases (tuberculosis, trachoma), his shipping company provided a return journey. Immigrants did not accidentally call Ellis Island "island of tears", as every day here played out human tragedies and people's lives were broken. The way of the emigrants to the "Promised Land" lay, as a rule, through Brody and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia in Hamburg and Bremen.
***) Despite the fact that the tradition of orienting Jews on the compulsory nature of marriage, Judaism allows divorce, the reasons for which may be: the refusal of one of the spouses to perform marital duties for a year, insulting the parents of the opposite party, profanity in the relationship between husband and wife, etc. Quite simple was and the divorce ceremony: the husband handed his wife Get - a document in which it was recognized that she was free and could enter into a new marriage.
Семья Песи Каганской (Радомысльской), ~ 1912 г.
Stand (left to the right): Kagansky: Endy/Edel, Meri/Mirul, Yossil/Joe,?, Pesya (Meera's wife), Malka (daughter of Pesya and Meer). They sit in the second row (from left to right): Hersh Radomyslsky, his second wife Khaya Liya Verlotskaya, Meer, Shifra (?). They sit in the first row (from left to right): Yankel, Sonia, Shloma Radomyslsky (from the second marriage of Hersh), Yankel Kagansky (son of Pesya and Meer).
Photo of 1912 The family of Pesi Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) (one of the oldest family photos in our Pedigree!)
This photo is in a retro style. The retro style implies ancient traditions, the overall picture should resemble a collection of portraits - serious faces, even look, clear postures. The expression of persons is serious and tense, and the absence of smiles and stiffness in poses are typical signs of photographs of this period, which can be explained by several reasons. Firstly, the situation of photographing was initially inconvenient and took a lot of time. Secondly, the photos were mostly created in the spirit of aristocratic portraits. As was the case with old photographs, the relationship between the location of family group members and their self-perception and position in the family structure is traced. In the center of the composition are the most significant members of the family of the wife Hersh and Haya Radomyslskie. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. As was customary, in the foreground, in the first row are the youngest members of the family, and they are located near to direct relatives: three children of Gersha sit on the left from the second marriage with Khaya. Five children from the first marriage stand behind the father of the family. On the right is the family of Pesya Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) and Meer Kagansky with two children. Pesya Kaganskaya sits next to her husband Meer, behind them stands their daughter Malka. Composedly Meer Kagansky sits surrounded by his family: the wife of Pesya, the daughter of Malka and the son of Yakov (the youngest son of Oma at that time was not yet born). The son of Yakov Kagansky demonstrates his attitude towards Father Meer Kagansky, putting his hand on his knee. Exactly in the same position is sitting (left) Yakov Radomyslsky in relation to his father Hersh Radomyslsky. Two Jacobs, one grandson, and the other son, create a visual symmetry with respect to Hersh Radomyslsky, emphasizing his primacy.
In addition to the obvious things, you can draw a number of conclusions:
1. The son of Yakov Radomyslsky (sitting on the left) from the second marriage and the son of Andy Radomyslsky from the first marriage (standing on the left) differ slightly in age (about two years), which means that Hersh soon after married to her niece.
2. Both boys are dressed in a gymnasium uniform, which indicates that they are pupils of the Radomysl Gymnasium (for admission of Jews to the Radomyslsky Gymnasium a quota was set: they could be studied there by no more than 5 percent of the number of students of all nationalities). Apparently, the boys were far from stupid and their father could pay for their training. It is obvious that Hersh Radomyslsky was a fairly wealthy man, as his presentable view of photography also shows.
3. Also, his son-in-law (Pesya's husband) Meer Kagansky was sufficiently provided, as evidenced by his excellent view of the photograph, as well as an existing document, in which he appears: "Kiev: Lists of Voters at the Provincial Duma Elections (Database)" ( The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, taxes, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria).
4. We can roughly estimate the age of Hersh Radomyslsky in appearance and the age ratio of his children and the father of the family. In a photograph of 1912, Gersh was about 60-65 years old, i.е. his year of birth ~ 1848, and not "1838, lived a long life - 102 years," as was said in an interview with Maya Kaganskaya. Centropa.o rgwww.centropa.org / sites /.../ interview / UKKAGANSKAYA% 20int.DOC
Family details, given to Ilya Goldfarb by the distant relative of Radomyslsky Nancy Mednikov:
Yossil/Joe (1894-1980), came to US in 1912, married Helen Verlotsky, two daughters, Marilyn and Marcia. Marilyn married her cousin Melvin Satlof and they had three daughters, Claire (b. 1953), Lynne (b.1957), and Risa (b. 1964). Claire married Jeff Bedrick and they have a daughter Emma. Lynne married Steve Karas and they have three sons: Joel, Jacob, and Aaron. Risa married Ross Werblin and they have two daughters and a son: Hannah, Elana, and Joshua. Marcia married Wallace Cohen and they have three daughters: Celia (married to Mark Goldstein, daughters Jessica and Miriam), Laura (married and divorced Mark Huvard, three children: Jonathan, Elana, and Daniel.) Elana is married to Asher Lubotsky and they have a daughter, Amalia), Donna (married Gary Schiff, three children: Caren, Julie, and David). Caren is married to Seth Morgenstern and they have a daughter, Jamie. Julie is married to Jeff Singer. Shifra/Sifra - married Mischa Vainshtein. I believe they had four sons: Yefim, David, and two others, although perhaps only the two. Yefim was born in Baku, Azerbaijan in 1925 and died in military service in 1944. I believe Shifra, Mischa, and David all died at the hands of the Nazis. Miryl was a pharmacist and had one daughter. Don't know their fate, but I believe they died at the hands of the Nazis. Edel (Yehudah/Judah) - changed his name to Adolf Radomsky. Married Katya, had a daughter, Valentina (Valya). Presumed to have all died at the hands of the Nazis. Shaindel/Sonya/Sophie -- engaged to be married but was killed in the war.
Photo of 1912 The family of Pesi Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) (one of the oldest family photos in our Pedigree!)
This photo is in a retro style. The retro style implies ancient traditions, the overall picture should resemble a collection of portraits - serious faces, even look, clear postures. The expression of persons is serious and tense, and the absence of smiles and stiffness in poses are typical signs of photographs of this period, which can be explained by several reasons. Firstly, the situation of photographing was initially inconvenient and took a lot of time. Secondly, the photos were mostly created in the spirit of aristocratic portraits. As was the case with old photographs, the relationship between the location of family group members and their self-perception and position in the family structure is traced. In the center of the composition are the most significant members of the family of the wife Hersh and Haya Radomyslskie. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. As was customary, in the foreground, in the first row are the youngest members of the family, and they are located near to direct relatives: three children of Gersha sit on the left from the second marriage with Khaya. Five children from the first marriage stand behind the father of the family. On the right is the family of Pesya Kaganskaya (Radomyslskaya) and Meer Kagansky with two children. Pesya Kaganskaya sits next to her husband Meer, behind them stands their daughter Malka. Composedly Meer Kagansky sits surrounded by his family: the wife of Pesya, the daughter of Malka and the son of Yakov (the youngest son of Oma at that time was not yet born). The son of Yakov Kagansky demonstrates his attitude towards Father Meer Kagansky, putting his hand on his knee. Exactly in the same position is sitting (left) Yakov Radomyslsky in relation to his father Hersh Radomyslsky. Two Jacobs, one grandson, and the other son, create a visual symmetry with respect to Hersh Radomyslsky, emphasizing his primacy.
In addition to the obvious things, you can draw a number of conclusions:
1. The son of Yakov Radomyslsky (sitting on the left) from the second marriage and the son of Andy Radomyslsky from the first marriage (standing on the left) differ slightly in age (about two years), which means that Hersh soon after married to her niece.
2. Both boys are dressed in a gymnasium uniform, which indicates that they are pupils of the Radomysl Gymnasium (for admission of Jews to the Radomyslsky Gymnasium a quota was set: they could be studied there by no more than 5 percent of the number of students of all nationalities). Apparently, the boys were far from stupid and their father could pay for their training. It is obvious that Hersh Radomyslsky was a fairly wealthy man, as his presentable view of photography also shows.
3. Also, his son-in-law (Pesya's husband) Meer Kagansky was sufficiently provided, as evidenced by his excellent view of the photograph, as well as an existing document, in which he appears: "Kiev: Lists of Voters at the Provincial Duma Elections (Database)" ( The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, taxes, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria).
4. We can roughly estimate the age of Hersh Radomyslsky in appearance and the age ratio of his children and the father of the family. In a photograph of 1912, Gersh was about 60-65 years old, i.е. his year of birth ~ 1848, and not "1838, lived a long life - 102 years," as was said in an interview with Maya Kaganskaya. Centropa.o rgwww.centropa.org / sites /.../ interview / UKKAGANSKAYA% 20int.DOC
Family details, given to Ilya Goldfarb by the distant relative of Radomyslsky Nancy Mednikov:
Yossil/Joe (1894-1980), came to US in 1912, married Helen Verlotsky, two daughters, Marilyn and Marcia. Marilyn married her cousin Melvin Satlof and they had three daughters, Claire (b. 1953), Lynne (b.1957), and Risa (b. 1964). Claire married Jeff Bedrick and they have a daughter Emma. Lynne married Steve Karas and they have three sons: Joel, Jacob, and Aaron. Risa married Ross Werblin and they have two daughters and a son: Hannah, Elana, and Joshua. Marcia married Wallace Cohen and they have three daughters: Celia (married to Mark Goldstein, daughters Jessica and Miriam), Laura (married and divorced Mark Huvard, three children: Jonathan, Elana, and Daniel.) Elana is married to Asher Lubotsky and they have a daughter, Amalia), Donna (married Gary Schiff, three children: Caren, Julie, and David). Caren is married to Seth Morgenstern and they have a daughter, Jamie. Julie is married to Jeff Singer. Shifra/Sifra - married Mischa Vainshtein. I believe they had four sons: Yefim, David, and two others, although perhaps only the two. Yefim was born in Baku, Azerbaijan in 1925 and died in military service in 1944. I believe Shifra, Mischa, and David all died at the hands of the Nazis. Miryl was a pharmacist and had one daughter. Don't know their fate, but I believe they died at the hands of the Nazis. Edel (Yehudah/Judah) - changed his name to Adolf Radomsky. Married Katya, had a daughter, Valentina (Valya). Presumed to have all died at the hands of the Nazis. Shaindel/Sonya/Sophie -- engaged to be married but was killed in the war.
Yakov Kagansky (nephew of Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya)) with his daughter Maya.
This photo was taken in Kiev in 1929, when Yakov Kagansky came from Tashkent to visit his family. |
Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) with her daughter Maya. The photo was taken on the day of the Maya triennium in 1929 in Kiev.
|
From the memoirs of Maya Kaganskaya about her father Yakov Kagansky http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya:
"My father worked as a leather craftsman and after the liquidation of the NEP he could not find work for a long time. In 1928 he decided to move to Tashkent in the hope of finding work there. Her wife, Basya, lived there. She refused to follow him, she wanted to stay with her parents, who often came to her in Kiev."
A related link between Maya Kaganskaya and Lev Malaratsky:
Yakov Kagansky was born in Radomysl in 1903, he died in 1985 in the town of Yoshkar-Ola. His father Meer Kagansky (brother of Chana Kaganskaya) was brutally murdered during the pogrom in Radomysl in 1919. His mother Pesya Kaganskaya was born in 1880 in Radomysl. She was very religious (Hasidic). Jacob studied in heder. He worked in leather production. He fought from 1941 to 1944, was wounded. Wife Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) was born in 1900. Their daughter of Maya Kaganskaya. Yakov was married for the second time, had three sons from his second marriage. Last years he lived in Yoshkar-Ola.)).
Malka Kaganskaya was born in Radomysl in 1900. She was married to Katsovsky. In 1923 she had a son, and soon after that she moved to Tashkent [Uzbekistan] with her husband. Malka had two sons (one of them was brought up in an orphanage, and the second Semyon Katsovsky studied at the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute of Communications MEIC, became an electronic engineer, later went to Israel). Several years later, Malka had symptoms of a mental illness and a few years later she was taken to a psychiatric hospital in Lyubertsy, Moscow region, where they lived. Husband waited for her for several years. When the Great Patriotic War began, he disappeared and there was no contact with him.
Oma (Naum) Kagansky was Yakov's younger brother. Oma lived in Moscow. He was a taxi driver. He died in 1970 at the age of 55 years.
https://pamyat-naroda.ru/heroes/podvig-chelovek_yubileinaya_kartoteka1522839284/
Kagansky Yakov Meerovich Date of Birth __ .__., 1903 Place of Birth Ukrainian SSR, Zhytomyr region, Radomyshl The name of the award Order of the Patriotic War I degree Archive CAMO Card index Anniversary card index of awards Document Location cabinet 23, drawer 3 Document Number 84 Date of document 04/06/1985 Author of document Minister of Defense of the USSR |
Order of the Patriotic War I degree
|
An interview with Maya Kaganskaya Centropa.orgwww.centropa.org/sites/.../interview/UKKAGANSKAYA%20int.DOC INTERVIEWER: Zhanna Litinskaya MONTH OF INTERVIEW: April YEAR OF INTERVIEW: 2003 Kiev, Ukraine (Maya Kaganskaya is the grand-niece of Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya) From an interview with Kaganskaya: What is your name, first name and patronymic? I'm Kaganskaya Maya Yakovlevna ... *) On the line of the father, his family, so I know the following. During the years of the imperialist war, he had an uncle who became rich. Papa's uncle? Yes. He was a tanner, and then the tanners during the war, got rich. My grandfather, this was my younger brother. Let's start a little in order. About great-grandfather, we told. Now, grandfather, what was his name? His name was Yankel. Too Radomyslsky? No, Yankel was called to the pope. His name was Meer, and his name is Kagansky, because Radomyslsky is according to his father's mother (During the Second World War, the entire family of Yankel was killed in Babyi Yar in Kiev.) Only one daughter survived, who was on vacation outside of Kiev at the beginning of the war, her name was Genya Gurfinkel. Meir Kagansky, yes. What did he do? Grandpa was an employee of his brother. And this brother? This is that younger brother, he became rich Moishe, and his grandfather was some kind of employee. And on the first day, when Sokolovsky entered Radomysl, a grandfather met, and he was handsome, with a fine black beard, and he was killed. Grandma stayed with three children. And how was your grandmother's name? Pesya. She stayed with three children. She had a daughter Malka, my father Jacob and a younger Oma. My father was sixteen then, he was the third year of his birth, it was either 18, or 19-th. Well, he had to go to work. He also went to work with his uncle. At the tanneries factory? Well, I do not know whether it's a factory or a workshop, but he worked for him. But then my uncle, I do not know in which year, 19 or other. He left for Israel. |
Comments for the interview:
"Yankel" - Yakov Kagansky brother of Chava Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya), b:1870 in Radomysl, d:1941 in Babyi Yar (Kiev). The whole family of Jacob - see the above diagram of the Kagansky family. "Moishe" - Moisei Kagansky who is brother of Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya), b:1880 in Radomysl, d:1947 in Haifa (Israel) (see the above diagram of the Kagansky family). This was in February, March or May 1919, during one of the three pogroms committed by the Sokolovsky gang (see the above chronology). "Uncle" - Moisei Kagansky (brother Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya), b:1880 in Radomysl, d:1947 in Haifa (Israel). In 1925, Moisei (Moische) Kagansky "flew" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks in Palestine **) (see the following story). *) Maya Kaganskaya had a husband, Israel Geller (1910-1999). Their sons Mikhail Geller (see photo) (b:1951) and Vitaly Geller (b:1954) **) The Criminal Code of the RSFSR, adopted in June 1922, equated the non-sanctioned departure from the country to crime (although emigration to Palestine was still allowed for some time). A school diary of the 5th grade of Maya Kaganskaya, issued by the Kiev Jewish School No. 5 in 1937. In 1938 this school merged with the Jewish school No. 17, and in 1939 it became a Russian school. The only change that has been made is the transition to the Russian language as the language of instruction. After Maya finished 9th grade, the war began. From the interview of Maya Kaganskaya http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya: "In 32 year my mother returned to Kiev, she worked for two years, returned and went to work at the 5th Jewish school where she was at the school, in Podol, the corner of Konstantinovskaya and Khoreva ... then our fifth school, no, she still there was a fifth school, Jewish, but it was eaten in another building, not far from the cinema at Konstantinovskaya ... I studied at this school and studied at the music school in Yaroslavskaya, there was a third music school. Then our school was again transferred to a new building - at the corner of Shchekavitskaya and Frunze, a building was constructed for the exemplary 17th Jewish school. We were transferred there ... At 38 our school was transferred to the 17th, and at 39 it became Russian. It was the last Jewish school. It was a seven-year or a ten-? It was a ten-year exemplary, very good school. School so, translated it into Russian, teaching, but all the teachers were ours, some new ones appeared, but our teachers taught in Russian so simply. Here in this school, I was 15 years old, I graduated before the war of 9 classes. |
After the return of the Jews to Radomysl in early 1920, our relatives Maloratsky, Kagansky, Sagalov, Radomyslsky again began to leave Radomysl in the twenties: Rachil Radomyslskaya (Maloratskaya) until 1924, Sonia Sagalova (Maloratskaya) after 1926, Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya) after 1925, Manya Zakon (Maloratskaya) after 1927.
MOISEI KAGANSKY
(see https://docs.google.com/document/d/10SODXuR0HeTb3WJwbL3IVB61ltgprimS/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=106118878896263957245&rtpof=true&sd=true)
(https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_Le_rsv8WmB0HcXpMLLwfm9EjhmrEJrEyqS9h9QjmZc/edit)
Moisei (Moische) Kagansky
b: 1880 Radomysl d: 1947 Chaifa Dvora Kaganskaya (Pergamanik)
b: 1893 Radomysl d: 1945 Chaifa |
Radomysl Business directory 1913
Tanning merchandise: Kaganskaya Chaya-Feiga Tevel-Iosif Kagansky Moshko Srul Kislyuk Brucha Srul Maloratsky Morduch Chaim Ovrutskaya Rosya Fridman Menya Chaim In 1925, Moisei (Moische) Kagansky "ran away" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks in Palestine*), leaving his wife to Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife, with three daughters, Esther, Chiva and Zhenya, tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services limited the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, the Dvora with three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers who surrendered them to the British. Moishe Kagansky, after all, achieved their release and reunion of the Kagansky family. One of Zhenya's daughters (she turned 100 in September 2015) now lives in Israel in the kibbutz. Previously, she was engaged in teaching at the University of Jerusalem. In Radomysl there were two more daughters of Dvora - Musya (Maya) and Paya, who at that time were more than 18 years old (at this age, for some reason, they did not allow resettlement to Palestine). Paya still tried to reunite with her family in Palestine, but unexpectedly on the way to the train she met a handsome, mountain Jew, fell in love, got married and stayed in Derbent. Later in 1990, two Paya's grandsons Oleg and Gregory immigrated to Israel. 100th anniversary of Zhenya Ben-Arav (Kaganskaya), the large family of Kagansky in Israel celebrated September 5, 2015 (see Chapter 3, Part 4). |
Dvora and Moisey Kagansky
The photo (photo from Grisha Yakubov's archive)
The photo (photo from Grisha Yakubov's archive)
In Radomysl, as we can see from the above catalog of 1913, our ancestors worked in the tanning business in Radomysl: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, Moshko (Moisei) Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky, Rachil Maloratskaya, Kaganskaya Chaya-Feiga Tevel-Joseph (perhaps the daughter of Feiga and Joseph Kagansky), Broha Kislyuk (Kaganskaya). And the participation of Kagansky in leather production began much earlier - the source: http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=114
An interesting story about Kagansky (apparently Moisei Kagansky):
http://cashloans24.us/?m=201401&paged=4
"Two years ago, on a winter day, I had to repair the TV of a familiar grandmother named Zinovy." During the repair, I talked a lot with my grandmother about life and everyday problems. "After finishing the repair, closing the lid of the TV, I suddenly heard from my grandmother Zinovy, For you something interesting, do you collect antiquities? I'll give you something, maybe it will come in handy. "We went into a large bright room that served as a living room and kitchen in that old house." Help me open the cellar, she asked. After a few minutes my grandmother put a black and gray bottle in my mouth, which was clogged with a black stopper. At first it was not clear to me what it was and what; аnd when my grandmother wiped the dust off the bottle, it became clear that the vessel was packed full of royal banknotes. From surprise, I felt uneasy, so I just kept silent. Never in my life have I seen so much money. And where did you get this? - only I managed to ask. This story will soon be eighty years old, finally, she said, without turning her head to me, my Mitrofanovich was then very young. He worked at a large tannery in the forest, on the river Suharka. The owner of this and other smaller skins. The factory was a rich Jew Kagansky. He had a big house near the synagogue. There he lived with his family. Ivan was from a poor family, his parents had twelve children, their house was on Rudna. Therefore, from the age of fifteen, Ivan went to make a living for Kagansky. About a month after the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd, when this news reached Radomysl, Kagansky told his husband that he should come to his house. This for two years of work has never happened. In the evening, as was agreed, Ivan came to Kagansky. On the street near his house there were six supplies, loaded with dressed skins. And Kagansky was already waiting for him. Take the shovel and come with me, "he said without even greeting. When they came to the garden to a large old pear, Kagansky showed his foot where to dig. The earth was frozen, and my Mitrofanovich longly chopped it until the spade did something about it. Soon from the pit pulled a medium-sized copan box. And in it was this bottle. Kagansky opened a box full of gold coins, gave two pieces to Ivan. Fortunately, they say. Then he ordered to take the bottles and hide them securely. And he will bring leather to Kiev for sale and, maybe, he will not return, and if he returns, it will be only two years later, when everything is settled. And a month later, before the New Year, the wife of the owner of the leather quietly and imperceptibly. The plant disappeared from Radomysl. Nobody heard more about him. And Kagansky and his family drowned in years of time. They said only that he lives in France. Listening attentively to my grandmother, I hardly pulled a cork from the bottle, and then I extracted from there tightly twisted bundles of bank notes. The banknotes were different from green treshek, blue pyatokok, red chervonets in white-green hundred and five hundred with portraits of emperors. By the way, five hundred rubles with the image of Peter the Great among the world's collectors is the standard of paper money. It was amazing how well the money was saved. They were like new ones, like they were released yesterday. Evidently, good material went to them. It's terrible to think that the regimes have changed, money reforms have taken place, there have been wars, two famines, and Ivan Mitrofanovich still keeps those bank notes, still hoping for something. I thought, maybe that money will go again. I did not know how to count them. Something felt like there was a million in the bottle. For those times, it was a fabulously large sum. And remembered heard from the old-timers. In Radomysl, where the hotel is now, there was a Podkowinsky's bakery. In it, the so-called French bun was worth a penny before dinner, and after dinner half a penny, because it was considered stale. Yes there is a bun when a cow could be bought for a trash. At parting, she added: - I have great respect for you and will only tell you that I am a hereditary noblewoman. My parents had a lot of money and not such paper, but everything went to rubble and no one's money brought benefits, and happiness ... "
Alexander Pirogov
http://cashloans24.us/?m=201401&paged=4
"Two years ago, on a winter day, I had to repair the TV of a familiar grandmother named Zinovy." During the repair, I talked a lot with my grandmother about life and everyday problems. "After finishing the repair, closing the lid of the TV, I suddenly heard from my grandmother Zinovy, For you something interesting, do you collect antiquities? I'll give you something, maybe it will come in handy. "We went into a large bright room that served as a living room and kitchen in that old house." Help me open the cellar, she asked. After a few minutes my grandmother put a black and gray bottle in my mouth, which was clogged with a black stopper. At first it was not clear to me what it was and what; аnd when my grandmother wiped the dust off the bottle, it became clear that the vessel was packed full of royal banknotes. From surprise, I felt uneasy, so I just kept silent. Never in my life have I seen so much money. And where did you get this? - only I managed to ask. This story will soon be eighty years old, finally, she said, without turning her head to me, my Mitrofanovich was then very young. He worked at a large tannery in the forest, on the river Suharka. The owner of this and other smaller skins. The factory was a rich Jew Kagansky. He had a big house near the synagogue. There he lived with his family. Ivan was from a poor family, his parents had twelve children, their house was on Rudna. Therefore, from the age of fifteen, Ivan went to make a living for Kagansky. About a month after the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd, when this news reached Radomysl, Kagansky told his husband that he should come to his house. This for two years of work has never happened. In the evening, as was agreed, Ivan came to Kagansky. On the street near his house there were six supplies, loaded with dressed skins. And Kagansky was already waiting for him. Take the shovel and come with me, "he said without even greeting. When they came to the garden to a large old pear, Kagansky showed his foot where to dig. The earth was frozen, and my Mitrofanovich longly chopped it until the spade did something about it. Soon from the pit pulled a medium-sized copan box. And in it was this bottle. Kagansky opened a box full of gold coins, gave two pieces to Ivan. Fortunately, they say. Then he ordered to take the bottles and hide them securely. And he will bring leather to Kiev for sale and, maybe, he will not return, and if he returns, it will be only two years later, when everything is settled. And a month later, before the New Year, the wife of the owner of the leather quietly and imperceptibly. The plant disappeared from Radomysl. Nobody heard more about him. And Kagansky and his family drowned in years of time. They said only that he lives in France. Listening attentively to my grandmother, I hardly pulled a cork from the bottle, and then I extracted from there tightly twisted bundles of bank notes. The banknotes were different from green treshek, blue pyatokok, red chervonets in white-green hundred and five hundred with portraits of emperors. By the way, five hundred rubles with the image of Peter the Great among the world's collectors is the standard of paper money. It was amazing how well the money was saved. They were like new ones, like they were released yesterday. Evidently, good material went to them. It's terrible to think that the regimes have changed, money reforms have taken place, there have been wars, two famines, and Ivan Mitrofanovich still keeps those bank notes, still hoping for something. I thought, maybe that money will go again. I did not know how to count them. Something felt like there was a million in the bottle. For those times, it was a fabulously large sum. And remembered heard from the old-timers. In Radomysl, where the hotel is now, there was a Podkowinsky's bakery. In it, the so-called French bun was worth a penny before dinner, and after dinner half a penny, because it was considered stale. Yes there is a bun when a cow could be bought for a trash. At parting, she added: - I have great respect for you and will only tell you that I am a hereditary noblewoman. My parents had a lot of money and not such paper, but everything went to rubble and no one's money brought benefits, and happiness ... "
Alexander Pirogov
Card index "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kyiv and the Kyiv region":
In 1918, Moisei Kagansky was the owner of the “first tannery” in the city of Radomysl, which employed 55 people (!) For comparison, according to the “Business catalog of the city of Radomysl 1913,” he employed only 5 people. In five years, the number of workers has increased 10 times!
From the above archival document concerning our ancestor Moisei Srulyevich Kagansky, it becomes clear why he fled to Palestine from persecution by the Bolsheviks.
Already in 1927-1928. The Soviet government, tired of ideological retreats, launched a counterattack on the NEP. In 1931 it was completely liquidated. Private trade is prohibited, property is confiscated, arrests follow, and “class alien elements” are expelled with their families. The collapse of the NEP led to new troubles for many Jews, including those from traditional shtetls. Unemployment increased again, poverty worsened, and during the years of the Great Terror, many former NEP men were repressed.
From the above archival document concerning our ancestor Moisei Srulyevich Kagansky, it becomes clear why he fled to Palestine from persecution by the Bolsheviks.
Already in 1927-1928. The Soviet government, tired of ideological retreats, launched a counterattack on the NEP. In 1931 it was completely liquidated. Private trade is prohibited, property is confiscated, arrests follow, and “class alien elements” are expelled with their families. The collapse of the NEP led to new troubles for many Jews, including those from traditional shtetls. Unemployment increased again, poverty worsened, and during the years of the Great Terror, many former NEP men were repressed.
In 1927, the Communist Party set a course for eliminating the NEP, and from 1928 a campaign of restrictions and persecution of NEPmen and all so-called “disenfranchised” (persons deprived of the right to vote for political and economic reasons in 1918–36) began, including including Moshko Kagansky (see the above archival document “Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region”).
In 1928, Moisei (Moische) Kagansky "ran away" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks in Palestine, leaving his wife to Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife, with three daughters, Esther, Chiva and Zhenya, tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services limited the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, the Dvora with three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers who surrendered them to the British. Moishe Kagansky, after all, achieved their release and reunion of the Kagansky family. One of Zhenya's daughters (she turned 100 in September 2015). Previously, she was engaged in teaching at the University of Jerusalem. In Radomysl there were two more daughters of Dvora - Musya (Maya) and Paya, who at that time were more than 18 years old (at this age, for some reason, they did not allow resettlement to Palestine).
Paya still tried to reunite with her family in Palestine, but unexpectedly on the way to the train she met a handsome, mountain Jew, fell in love, got married and stayed in Derbent. Later in 1990, two Paya's grandsons Oleg and Gregory immigrated to Israel. 100th anniversary of Zhenya Ben-Arav (Kaganskaya), the large family of Kagansky in Israel celebrated September 5, 2015.
In 1928, the number of Jews who arrived in Palestine was about two thousand, including Moses Kagansky. He ended up in the so-called “fourth aliyah of 1924-1929.”
After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moisei Kagansky eventually achieved their release and reunification with the father of the Kagansky family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. After the publication of Churchill's White Paper in 1922, the British restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine, i. e. quotas were introduced on Jewish immigration. In response to the restrictions, illegal aliyah began through Syria and Iraq. Illegal immigration headquarters operated in Beirut. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters (the other two older daughters remained in Russia) made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moishe Kagansky eventually achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family. In 1932, the Kagansky family was reunited in Palestine.
One of the daughters, Zhenya (she turned 100 years old in September 2015), lived in Israel on a kibbutz and died at the age of 102. She previously taught at the University of Jerusalem.
Two more daughters of Dvora remained in Radomysl - Musya (Maya) and Paya, who at that time were over 18 years old (at this age, for some reason, relocation to Palestine was not allowed). Paya still tried to reunite with her family in Palestine, but unexpectedly on the way on the train she met a handsome man, a Mountain Jew, fell in love, got married and stayed in Derbent.
After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. After the publication of Churchill's White Paper in 1922, the British restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine, i.e., they introduced quotas on Jewish immigration. In response to the restrictions, illegal aliyah began through Syria and Iraq. Illegal immigration headquarters operated in Beirut. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters (the other two older daughters remained in Russia) made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moishe Kagansky eventually achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family. In 1932, the Kagansky family was reunited in Palestine.
In 1928, Moisei (Moische) Kagansky "ran away" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks in Palestine, leaving his wife to Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife, with three daughters, Esther, Chiva and Zhenya, tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services limited the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, the Dvora with three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers who surrendered them to the British. Moishe Kagansky, after all, achieved their release and reunion of the Kagansky family. One of Zhenya's daughters (she turned 100 in September 2015). Previously, she was engaged in teaching at the University of Jerusalem. In Radomysl there were two more daughters of Dvora - Musya (Maya) and Paya, who at that time were more than 18 years old (at this age, for some reason, they did not allow resettlement to Palestine).
Paya still tried to reunite with her family in Palestine, but unexpectedly on the way to the train she met a handsome, mountain Jew, fell in love, got married and stayed in Derbent. Later in 1990, two Paya's grandsons Oleg and Gregory immigrated to Israel. 100th anniversary of Zhenya Ben-Arav (Kaganskaya), the large family of Kagansky in Israel celebrated September 5, 2015.
In 1928, the number of Jews who arrived in Palestine was about two thousand, including Moses Kagansky. He ended up in the so-called “fourth aliyah of 1924-1929.”
After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moisei Kagansky eventually achieved their release and reunification with the father of the Kagansky family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. After the publication of Churchill's White Paper in 1922, the British restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine, i. e. quotas were introduced on Jewish immigration. In response to the restrictions, illegal aliyah began through Syria and Iraq. Illegal immigration headquarters operated in Beirut. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters (the other two older daughters remained in Russia) made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moishe Kagansky eventually achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family. In 1932, the Kagansky family was reunited in Palestine.
One of the daughters, Zhenya (she turned 100 years old in September 2015), lived in Israel on a kibbutz and died at the age of 102. She previously taught at the University of Jerusalem.
Two more daughters of Dvora remained in Radomysl - Musya (Maya) and Paya, who at that time were over 18 years old (at this age, for some reason, relocation to Palestine was not allowed). Paya still tried to reunite with her family in Palestine, but unexpectedly on the way on the train she met a handsome man, a Mountain Jew, fell in love, got married and stayed in Derbent.
After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British authorities restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. After the publication of Churchill's White Paper in 1922, the British restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine, i.e., they introduced quotas on Jewish immigration. In response to the restrictions, illegal aliyah began through Syria and Iraq. Illegal immigration headquarters operated in Beirut. Therefore, Dvora and her three daughters (the other two older daughters remained in Russia) made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, and contacted smugglers who handed them over to the British. Moishe Kagansky eventually achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family. In 1932, the Kagansky family was reunited in Palestine.
In the lower left corner of the photo below there is an entry “photo Syria, Damascus”. Apparently, the Kaganskys were photographed around 1932 in Damascus, on Dvora’s way with her daughters Esther, Khiva and Zhenya to Palestine.
In the 1930s, about 232 thousand legal immigrants arrived in Palestine, compared to 100 thousand in the 20s. The Jewish population in 1939 numbered over 445,000 out of a total of approximately 1.5 million, or nearly 30 percent, compared with less than 10 percent 20 years earlier.
In the 1930s, about 232 thousand legal immigrants arrived in Palestine, compared to 100 thousand in the 20s. The Jewish population in 1939 numbered over 445,000 out of a total of approximately 1.5 million, or nearly 30 percent, compared with less than 10 percent 20 years earlier.
And these photographs were taken in Palestine:
Moisey Kagansky with his granddaughter, Israel (photos from Grisha Yakubov's archive)
משה כהנסקי [Moshe Kansky] Birth: Circa 1880 Death: Between Oct 30 1947 and Oct 31 1947 Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel
On the tombstone written: Moshe Kahanski Son of late Israel HaKohen Died on 17 Markheshvan 1947, 68 years old Archival document Description of the monument Inscription on the monument Radomyslya_______________________________________________________ Kagansky Moshko Srull Moshe Kaganski Moshe Kahanski b.1880 Radomysl s. Oct 30 1947 - Oct 31 1947 p.1948 Haifa Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim d.17 Markheshvan 1948 Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel 68 years old |
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Daughters of Moisei and Dvora Kagansky and their husbands
*) During the First World War, Palestine was captured by England. In 1917, the British government published the "Declaration of Balfour," in which it promised to promote the creation of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine. This decision contributed to an increase in the migration of Jews to Palestine. In the years 1919-1923. Immigration mainly came from Russia. Almost 35 thousand returnees who arrived in Palestine during these years laid the foundation for industrial and agricultural production in the Jewish sector of the economy. Aliya 1924-1929 (about 67 thousand people) was mainly from Poland. This wave captured mainly representatives of the petty and middle bourgeoisie, which contributed to the development of urban economy and trade. The total number of Russian Jews, who for 1925-1936 managed to break out into Palestine, systematically decreased: for the biennium 1925-1926. It was still 21,157, but in the next four years (1927-1930) there were no more than 1197; From 1931 to 1936, the number of immigrants from the Soviet Union was 1,848.
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PAYA KAGANSKAYA (SAFONOVA)
Before the departure of Moisei Kagansky's family to Palestine, Paya met the handsome Chanuka Safonova from Derbent on the train, fell in love with him and moved to him from Radomysl to Derbent. Paya could not join the family leaving Palestine, because at that time she was over 18 years old and, according to the then laws, she was no longer considered a member of the family.
Paya Kaganskaya
MARIYA (MUSYA) KAGANSKAYA
Larisa Chlenova
(daughter of Musya Kaganskaya and Gregory Chlenov) b: 1927, Kiev d: 2002, Kiev
(daughter of Musya Kaganskaya and Gregory Chlenov) b: 1927, Kiev d: 2002, Kiev
Maria (Musya) Kaganskaya (1905-1979) - the second most senior of the five daughters of Moisei Kagansky, along with sister Paya, did not follow their family, who left for Palestine. Musya was unable to join the family leaving Palestine, because at that time she was over 18 years old and, according to the then laws, she was no longer considered a member of the family. Her husband Gregory Chlenov could barely support his family and, at times, spent money on gambling (according to the memories of Faina Miroshnik).
The daughter of Maria Chlenova (Kaganskaya) and her husband Gregory Chlenov - Larisa Chlenova (April 20, 1927, Kiev - November 19, 2002, Kiev) - scientist - art critic, honored art worker, candidate of art history. Member of the National Union of Artists of Ukraine. Head of the Department of Ancient Art of the National Art Museum of Ukraine, where she worked for more than 50 years. In 1950 she graduated from the Moscow State University named after Lomonosov. After graduation, she began working at the National Art Museum of Ukraine, first as the head of the department of Soviet and pre-revolutionary art. Since 1971, she held the post of head of the Department of Ancient Art. She was the author of numerous articles and monographs on the history and development of Ukrainian art. Participated in many international and domestic scientific conferences. Organizer of numerous exhibitions and museum expositions, scientific expeditions around Ukraine
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0
Some books by Larisa Chlenova:
The daughter of Maria Chlenova (Kaganskaya) and her husband Gregory Chlenov - Larisa Chlenova (April 20, 1927, Kiev - November 19, 2002, Kiev) - scientist - art critic, honored art worker, candidate of art history. Member of the National Union of Artists of Ukraine. Head of the Department of Ancient Art of the National Art Museum of Ukraine, where she worked for more than 50 years. In 1950 she graduated from the Moscow State University named after Lomonosov. After graduation, she began working at the National Art Museum of Ukraine, first as the head of the department of Soviet and pre-revolutionary art. Since 1971, she held the post of head of the Department of Ancient Art. She was the author of numerous articles and monographs on the history and development of Ukrainian art. Participated in many international and domestic scientific conferences. Organizer of numerous exhibitions and museum expositions, scientific expeditions around Ukraine
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0
Some books by Larisa Chlenova:
http://ofam.od.ua/pdf/ohm2/ohm2eremina.pdf
Pages of the life of the family of the artist Kiriak Konstantinovich Kostandi. From the memories of his daughter: "The letters to my father were sent to the Kiev Museum of Ukrainian Art. She was received by L.Chlenova" *)
*) Chlenova Larisa Grigoryevna (1927-2002), art critic, candidate of science. He is the author of a number of books on Ukrainian art. She worked at the National Museum of Ukrainian Art (Kiev) as the head of the department.
Pages of the life of the family of the artist Kiriak Konstantinovich Kostandi. From the memories of his daughter: "The letters to my father were sent to the Kiev Museum of Ukrainian Art. She was received by L.Chlenova" *)
*) Chlenova Larisa Grigoryevna (1927-2002), art critic, candidate of science. He is the author of a number of books on Ukrainian art. She worked at the National Museum of Ukrainian Art (Kiev) as the head of the department.
ZHENIA KAGANSKAYA (BEN-AREF)
The youngest sister Zhenya was 14 years old when she emigrated to Palestine. She spoke six languages: Russian, Yiddish, Hebrew, English, French, Arabic. Her husband Joseph, originally from Hungary, was known in Israel as a landscape designer.
Zhenya and Joseph lived and worked in Kibbutz Kfar Masaryk.
Kfar Masaryk is a kibbutz in the Northern District of Israel. Located in Western Galilee near the Naaman River, south of Akko. The founders of the kibbutz were natives of Czechoslovakia and Lithuania who first settled in Petah Tikva in 1932. Kfar Masaryk is named after Tomas Garrick Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia.
Zhenya and Joseph lived and worked in Kibbutz Kfar Masaryk.
Kfar Masaryk is a kibbutz in the Northern District of Israel. Located in Western Galilee near the Naaman River, south of Akko. The founders of the kibbutz were natives of Czechoslovakia and Lithuania who first settled in Petah Tikva in 1932. Kfar Masaryk is named after Tomas Garrick Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia.
Kfar Masaryk (/ˈmæsərɪk/, Hebrew: כְּפַר מַסָּרִיק, lit. Masaryk Village) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the western Galilee near the Belus River and south of Acre, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. In 2016 it had a population of 818
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Joseph Ben-Arav (husband of Zhenia Kaganskaya), Faina Miroshnik, granddaughter of Carnel, Zhenia Ben-Arav (Kaganskaya) (daughter of Moisei Kagansky) in kibbutz Kfar Masaryk *, 1983*).
And here Zhenia Kaganskaya 32 years later (in 2015) at her 100th anniversary (see Chapter 3, Part 4 of the Pedigree); she had in her hands the book given to her by Leo Maloratsky about the Kagansky family:
And here Zhenia Kaganskaya 32 years later (in 2015) at her 100th anniversary (see Chapter 3, Part 4 of the Pedigree); she had in her hands the book given to her by Leo Maloratsky about the Kagansky family:
On the 100th anniversary of Zhenya Kaganskaya her relatives (more than 50 people) gathered:
Neomi Ben-Arav - the youngest daughter of Zhenya Kaganskaya
Dvora is the eldest daughter of Zhenya Kaganskaya
b: 1945, Kfar Mazurik (kibbutz) Amos Elad
is the grandson of Zhenya Kaganskaya and the son of her eldest daughter Dvora) |
Masoud - husband Neomi Ben-Arav
Amikam Elad - (spouse of the Dvora Kaganskaya)
b: 1946, Jerusalem Noah Elad - the spouse of Amos Elad
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Mr. Amos Elad
Vice President for Resource Development
Amos Elad, Vice President for Resource Development at Tel Aviv University (TAU), is a leading Israeli expert in the areas of social esponsibility, fundraising and non-profit management. Before joining TAU, he worked from 2010 to 2013 for the Chairman of the IDB Group, Nochi Dankner, in the area of humanitarian assistance in Israel's periphery. From 2005 to 2010, Elad held the position of Senior Division Manager in the Jewish Agency, responsible for resource development in Israel, the USA and Europe, including major gifts and the development of new markets.
Prior to that, at only 27 years of age, Elad co-founded and co-headed for 5 years the charitable organizations Meir Panim and Koah Latet that set up a chain of food centers and household goods warehouses throughout Israel.
Elad was born in Jerusalem and raised in Israel and the United States. He holds a BA in Political Science and Middle Eastern Studies from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In his IDF service, he served as an officer in the paratroopers.
https://english.tau.ac.il/vp_for_resource_development
Meeting of relatives of the fourth and fifth generations of Maloratsky-Kagansky, New York, September 27, 2015. Amos Elad and Maloratsky family
In the early 20 century, Moshko Kagansky broke up with his sister Chana Kaganskaya and left Radomysl to Palestine, where his family then crossed. Three generations later, in 2015, their descendants met in New York, where a great-grandson of Moshko, Amos Elad, arrived from Israel. Prior to this, none of the Kagansky did not meet with the Maloratsky (the descendants of Chana Kagansky):
Vice President for Resource Development
Amos Elad, Vice President for Resource Development at Tel Aviv University (TAU), is a leading Israeli expert in the areas of social esponsibility, fundraising and non-profit management. Before joining TAU, he worked from 2010 to 2013 for the Chairman of the IDB Group, Nochi Dankner, in the area of humanitarian assistance in Israel's periphery. From 2005 to 2010, Elad held the position of Senior Division Manager in the Jewish Agency, responsible for resource development in Israel, the USA and Europe, including major gifts and the development of new markets.
Prior to that, at only 27 years of age, Elad co-founded and co-headed for 5 years the charitable organizations Meir Panim and Koah Latet that set up a chain of food centers and household goods warehouses throughout Israel.
Elad was born in Jerusalem and raised in Israel and the United States. He holds a BA in Political Science and Middle Eastern Studies from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In his IDF service, he served as an officer in the paratroopers.
https://english.tau.ac.il/vp_for_resource_development
Meeting of relatives of the fourth and fifth generations of Maloratsky-Kagansky, New York, September 27, 2015. Amos Elad and Maloratsky family
In the early 20 century, Moshko Kagansky broke up with his sister Chana Kaganskaya and left Radomysl to Palestine, where his family then crossed. Three generations later, in 2015, their descendants met in New York, where a great-grandson of Moshko, Amos Elad, arrived from Israel. Prior to this, none of the Kagansky did not meet with the Maloratsky (the descendants of Chana Kagansky):
ESTHER KAGANSKAYA
YOKHOVED (CHIVA) KAGANSKAYA
From left to right: Paya, Musya, Nyusya, Chiva
Moscow, August 1963. (photo from Grisha Yakubov's archive) |
In August 1963, the sisters Kagansky - Chiva, Nyusya (Esther) from Israel came to Moscow to visit their relatives *). To them for a meeting in Moscow came Musya from Kiev, from Derbent Paya. Another meeting was in Kiev in the summer of 1963, at which was 15-year-old Misha Radomyslsky (Shauli). At the meeting, he presented to his Israeli relatives the book of Felix Krivin. According to the memoirs of Misha Radomyslsky (Shauli), he, the Komsomol member, quite seriously asked the Israeli women how they manage to overcome the longing for their native Ukraine. Zhenya and Esther delicately evaded the answer. In 1970, Misha deceived Musya from the Israeli address of one of the sisters (Musya was angry, then forgave) and forwarded it with the departing zionists. A few months later, he received a call from this sister in Israel, which in 1971 allowed him to apply for exit. In May 1972, he repatriated. *) Such meetings became possible because of the changed situation: By the mid-1960s, serious changes had occurred in the leadership of Israel. The leader of the nation, one of the founding fathers of the Jewish state, D. Ben-Gurion, who for many years held the post of prime minister, in June 1963 finally resigned. In the Soviet Union, Ben-Gurion was considered a hostile politician who turned Israel into a foreign policy course in the appendage of imperialism in the Middle East. Supporters of his policies were often referred to as the "Ben-Gurion clique". The coming to power of a more moderate group in the ruling Labor Party of Zionist Mapai, led by Levi Eshkol, was seen as an opportunity to improve Soviet-Israeli relations. According to the Soviet Embassy, in 1962 a thin stream of tourists from Israel to the USSR was only 700 people. But in In 1963, this trickle turned into something more. |
Meeting of the descendants of Maloratsky and Kagansky in Israel, September 2014
Faina Miroshnik Den Gwili Edna Ore Ruth Dvora Daniela Neomi
daughter of Rachel son Ari Gwili senior daughter youngest daughter senior daughter oldest daughter youngest daughter youngest daughter
Maloratskaya cousin Esther Esther Yaheved (Khiva) Zhenya Yaheved (Khiva) . Zhenya
(Radomyslskaya) of sisters of Kaganskays Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya
cousen of
Kagansky's sisters
Meeting in Tel Aviv in the apartment Daniela. Den Gwili is the nephew of Moisha Kagansky's wife. Edna and Ora had a younger brother who died at a young age. All the children Edna and Ora were named in honor of Mom on the initial letter of her name "E" (Esther). Ora has two sons, Edna has a son and a daughter. Ruth has three daughters. The average daughter gave birth to three boys. The eldest daughter gave birth to twins. Dvora has a son who has three children. Daniela has two sons. Zhenya, in addition to two daughters, had a son who died early. Unfortunately, none of the sisters (except Faina - daughter of Rachil Maloratskaya) does not know Russian. Some of our Pedigree about the Kagansky Faina told them what impressed them.
daughter of Rachel son Ari Gwili senior daughter youngest daughter senior daughter oldest daughter youngest daughter youngest daughter
Maloratskaya cousin Esther Esther Yaheved (Khiva) Zhenya Yaheved (Khiva) . Zhenya
(Radomyslskaya) of sisters of Kaganskays Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kaganskaya
cousen of
Kagansky's sisters
Meeting in Tel Aviv in the apartment Daniela. Den Gwili is the nephew of Moisha Kagansky's wife. Edna and Ora had a younger brother who died at a young age. All the children Edna and Ora were named in honor of Mom on the initial letter of her name "E" (Esther). Ora has two sons, Edna has a son and a daughter. Ruth has three daughters. The average daughter gave birth to three boys. The eldest daughter gave birth to twins. Dvora has a son who has three children. Daniela has two sons. Zhenya, in addition to two daughters, had a son who died early. Unfortunately, none of the sisters (except Faina - daughter of Rachil Maloratskaya) does not know Russian. Some of our Pedigree about the Kagansky Faina told them what impressed them.
Our ancestor Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky was engaged in leather goods in Radomysl. He worked at a tannery factory, headed by Moisei Kagansky, the brother of Mordechai Maloratsky's wife, Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) (see the photo above). At the same factory, the daughter of Mordechai and Chana Maloratsky Rachil Maloratskaya (Radomyslskaya) worked as the secretary of Moisei Kagansky.
An interesting story about Kagansky (apparently Moisei Kagansky):
http://cashloans24.us/?m=201401&paged=4
"Two years ago, on a winter day, I had to repair the TV of a familiar grandmother named Zinovy." During the repair, I talked a lot with my grandmother about life and everyday problems. "After finishing the repair, closing the lid of the TV, I suddenly heard from my grandmother Zinovy: , For you something interesting, do you collect antiquities? I'll give you something, maybe it will come in handy. "We went into a large bright room that served as a living room and kitchen in that old house." Help me open the cellar, she asked. After a few minutes my grandmother put a black and gray bottle in my mouth, which was clogged with a black stopper. At first it was not clear to me what it was and what; аnd when my grandmother wiped the dust off the bottle, it became clear that the vessel was packed full of royal banknotes. From surprise, I felt uneasy, so I just kept silent. Never in my life have I seen so much money. And where did you get this? - only I managed to ask. This story will soon be eighty years old, finally, she said, without turning her head to me, my Mitrofanovich was then very young. He worked at a large tannery in the forest, on the river Suharka. The owner of this and other smaller skins. The factory was a rich Jew Kagansky. He had a big house near the synagogue. There he lived with his family. Ivan was from a poor family, his parents had twelve children, their house was on Rudna. Therefore, from the age of fifteen, Ivan went to make a living for Kagansky. About a month after the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd, when this news reached Radomysl, Kagansky told his husband that he should come to his house. This for two years of work has never happened. In the evening, as was agreed, Ivan came to Kagansky. On the street near his house there were six supplies, loaded with dressed skins. And Kagansky was already waiting for him. Take the shovel and come with me, "he said without even greeting. When they came to the garden to a large old pear, Kagansky showed his foot where to dig. The earth was frozen, and my Mitrofanovich longly chopped it until the spade did something about it. Soon from the pit pulled a medium-sized copan box. And in it was this bottle. Kagansky opened a box full of gold coins, gave two pieces to Ivan. Fortunately, they say. Then he ordered to take the bottles and hide them securely. And he will bring leather to Kiev for sale and, maybe, he will not return, and if he returns, it will be only two years later, when everything is settled. And a month later, before the New Year, the wife of the owner of the leather quietly and imperceptibly. The plant disappeared from Radomysl. Nobody heard more about him. And Kagansky and his family drowned in years of time. They said only that he lives in France. Listening attentively to my grandmother, I hardly pulled a cork from the bottle, and then I extracted from there tightly twisted bundles of bank notes. The banknotes were different from green treshek, blue pyatokok, red chervonets in white-green hundred and five hundred with portraits of emperors. By the way, five hundred rubles with the image of Peter the Great among the world's collectors is the standard of paper money. It was amazing how well the money was saved. They were like new ones, like they were released yesterday. Evidently, good material went to them. It's terrible to think that the regimes have changed, money reforms have taken place, there have been wars, two famines, and Ivan Mitrofanovich still keeps those bank notes, still hoping for something. I thought, maybe that money will go again. I did not know how to count them. Something felt like there was a million in the bottle. For those times, it was a fabulously large sum. And remembered heard from the old-timers. In Radomysl, where the hotel is now, there was a Podkowinsky's bakery. In it, the so-called French bun was worth a penny before dinner, and after dinner half a penny, because it was considered stale. Yes there is a bun when a cow could be bought for a trash. At parting, she added: - I have great respect for you and will only tell you that I am a hereditary noblewoman. My parents had a lot of money and not such paper, but everything went to rubble and no one's money brought benefits, and happiness ... "
Alexander Pirogov
"In the city of Radomysl and its environs, mainly on Suhartsy, there were about 30 commercial and industrial tanning enterprises and chinbarnias*), each employing 5-8 hired workers, especially in the years of the First World War of 1914-1918. The chinbarny trade in the city was traditional, depending on the technology of manufacture, various types of leather were manufactured: yuft, bilche, chrome, soles and other products that were in great demand. "In 1915, on the farm of Suharka, the merchant Anshtein built the largest one about the time the tannery, which was equipped with the latest machines and had three workshops for firm, yuft and soft leather (chavro, chrome).
120-150 workers worked at the plant. The plant produced the products exclusively for the needs of the First World War. From the statistical data for 1900: a leather factory belonging to the Kiev merchant of the 1st guild Gerariy Naftulovich Gorenshtein, there are 41 men working men at the plant; of the total number of workers, 30 people fall on the local population and 11 people on the fringes; the plant manager is a philistine Frome Yuzepov Katz. The main component for dressing the skin was the oak bark, which in the county was enough. Preparing the crumbs from the oak bark was done by steam oak-milling machines." Alexander Pirogov
*) Chinbarnia is a leather processing workshop.
Our ancestor Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky was engaged in leather goods in Radomysl. He worked at a tannery factory, headed by Moisei Kagansky, the brother of Mordechai Maloratsky's wife, Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) (see the photo above). At the same factory, the daughter of Mordechai and Chana Maloratsky Rachil Maloratskaya (Radomyslskaya) worked as the secretary of Moisei Kagansky.
An interesting story about Kagansky (apparently Moisei Kagansky):
http://cashloans24.us/?m=201401&paged=4
"Two years ago, on a winter day, I had to repair the TV of a familiar grandmother named Zinovy." During the repair, I talked a lot with my grandmother about life and everyday problems. "After finishing the repair, closing the lid of the TV, I suddenly heard from my grandmother Zinovy: , For you something interesting, do you collect antiquities? I'll give you something, maybe it will come in handy. "We went into a large bright room that served as a living room and kitchen in that old house." Help me open the cellar, she asked. After a few minutes my grandmother put a black and gray bottle in my mouth, which was clogged with a black stopper. At first it was not clear to me what it was and what; аnd when my grandmother wiped the dust off the bottle, it became clear that the vessel was packed full of royal banknotes. From surprise, I felt uneasy, so I just kept silent. Never in my life have I seen so much money. And where did you get this? - only I managed to ask. This story will soon be eighty years old, finally, she said, without turning her head to me, my Mitrofanovich was then very young. He worked at a large tannery in the forest, on the river Suharka. The owner of this and other smaller skins. The factory was a rich Jew Kagansky. He had a big house near the synagogue. There he lived with his family. Ivan was from a poor family, his parents had twelve children, their house was on Rudna. Therefore, from the age of fifteen, Ivan went to make a living for Kagansky. About a month after the Bolshevik coup in Petrograd, when this news reached Radomysl, Kagansky told his husband that he should come to his house. This for two years of work has never happened. In the evening, as was agreed, Ivan came to Kagansky. On the street near his house there were six supplies, loaded with dressed skins. And Kagansky was already waiting for him. Take the shovel and come with me, "he said without even greeting. When they came to the garden to a large old pear, Kagansky showed his foot where to dig. The earth was frozen, and my Mitrofanovich longly chopped it until the spade did something about it. Soon from the pit pulled a medium-sized copan box. And in it was this bottle. Kagansky opened a box full of gold coins, gave two pieces to Ivan. Fortunately, they say. Then he ordered to take the bottles and hide them securely. And he will bring leather to Kiev for sale and, maybe, he will not return, and if he returns, it will be only two years later, when everything is settled. And a month later, before the New Year, the wife of the owner of the leather quietly and imperceptibly. The plant disappeared from Radomysl. Nobody heard more about him. And Kagansky and his family drowned in years of time. They said only that he lives in France. Listening attentively to my grandmother, I hardly pulled a cork from the bottle, and then I extracted from there tightly twisted bundles of bank notes. The banknotes were different from green treshek, blue pyatokok, red chervonets in white-green hundred and five hundred with portraits of emperors. By the way, five hundred rubles with the image of Peter the Great among the world's collectors is the standard of paper money. It was amazing how well the money was saved. They were like new ones, like they were released yesterday. Evidently, good material went to them. It's terrible to think that the regimes have changed, money reforms have taken place, there have been wars, two famines, and Ivan Mitrofanovich still keeps those bank notes, still hoping for something. I thought, maybe that money will go again. I did not know how to count them. Something felt like there was a million in the bottle. For those times, it was a fabulously large sum. And remembered heard from the old-timers. In Radomysl, where the hotel is now, there was a Podkowinsky's bakery. In it, the so-called French bun was worth a penny before dinner, and after dinner half a penny, because it was considered stale. Yes there is a bun when a cow could be bought for a trash. At parting, she added: - I have great respect for you and will only tell you that I am a hereditary noblewoman. My parents had a lot of money and not such paper, but everything went to rubble and no one's money brought benefits, and happiness ... "
Alexander Pirogov
"In the city of Radomysl and its environs, mainly on Suhartsy, there were about 30 commercial and industrial tanning enterprises and chinbarnias*), each employing 5-8 hired workers, especially in the years of the First World War of 1914-1918. The chinbarny trade in the city was traditional, depending on the technology of manufacture, various types of leather were manufactured: yuft, bilche, chrome, soles and other products that were in great demand. "In 1915, on the farm of Suharka, the merchant Anshtein built the largest one about the time the tannery, which was equipped with the latest machines and had three workshops for firm, yuft and soft leather (chavro, chrome).
120-150 workers worked at the plant. The plant produced the products exclusively for the needs of the First World War. From the statistical data for 1900: a leather factory belonging to the Kiev merchant of the 1st guild Gerariy Naftulovich Gorenshtein, there are 41 men working men at the plant; of the total number of workers, 30 people fall on the local population and 11 people on the fringes; the plant manager is a philistine Frome Yuzepov Katz. The main component for dressing the skin was the oak bark, which in the county was enough. Preparing the crumbs from the oak bark was done by steam oak-milling machines." Alexander Pirogov
*) Chinbarnia is a leather processing workshop.
Generalizations concerning the topic:
Moshko*) (Moisei) Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky and his family business
BACKGROUND:
The leather production of the Kagansky in Radomysl existed even before 1899, in the village of Kichkyrovsk. Lutovka, Verzhbitsky hereditary. Rent. Kagansky Yos-Leib [1] (Landowners Wejbitsky owned the land of Radomysl, Malaya Racha). Already in 1845 in Radomysl worked 4 tannery.
*) Osip Rabinovich in the sensational article "About the Moshkach and Yoskach" ("Odessa Herald", 1858) pointed out that pejorative names came into use during his stay in Poland: from the pleasures to the pans, the Jews allowed them to use those names that are pleasant in the mouth of a mother or a beloved woman, but who rushed from the mouth of the mouth, as a contemptuous nickname. Usually names were entered into metric books in a folksy form, distorting biblical and other common names and giving them that pejorative, then caressing character, and parents demanded the introduction of the diminutive name that was assigned to the child in the home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka, and others replaced Moisei, Sarah, and the like. The distortion of names was also promoted by semi-literate rabbis and dumas; the absence of a firmly established pronunciation, different for Polish, Lithuanian and South-Russian Jews, opened wide scope for new distortions when writing names from one document to another. Misunderstandings are complicated by the fact that in such acts as, for example, marriage, divorce, names are used in their original form, according to biblical pronunciation;
Искажению имен содействовали также малограмотные раввины и думы; отсутствие твердо установленного произношения, различного у польских, литовских и южно-русских евреев, открывало широкий простор для новых искажений при переписке имени из одного документа в другой. Недоразумения осложнялись еще тем, что в таких актах, как, напр., брачные, разводные, употребляются имена в их первоначальной форме, согласно библейскому произношению; Thus, the same person was listed in different documents under different names, which often led to serious consequences when calling for military service; in this regard, in order to avoid mistakes, the presence of places introduced the custom to mark in the acts all those variants that were assigned to the name of the person (Joseph, he is Yosel, he is also Ioska). https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/
FAMILY BUSINESS OF MOISEI KAGANSKY:
"Uncle Moisei was a rich man. Meer Kagansky, born in the 1870s, worked for his elder brother, Moisey Kagansky, who was a specialist in leather and became rich during the Civil War. After the brutal murder during the pogrom in Radomysl in 1919, Meer Kagansky, his son Yakov went to work as an employee to his uncle Moisei Kagansky "[3]. Brocha Kaganskaya after the death of her sister Chana Kaganskaya (sister of Moisei Kagansky) became the second wife of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky.
At the outbreak of the war, for some unknown reason, she did not leave Kiev with her husband, who was evacuated to Tashkent, and according to unconfirmed reports she was shot at Baby Yar in Kiev. Brocha Kislik (Kaganskaya) worked at a tannery at her brother Moshko Kagansky (see the list of craftsmen Radomysl in 1913).
In Radomysl, as was evident from the above list of 1913, our ancestors worked in the leather business: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, Moshko Kagansky, Kaganskaya Chaya-Feiga Tevel-Iosif (probably daughter of Feiga and Joseph Kagansky), Brocha Kislyuk (Kaganskaya). Besides them, Rachil Maloratskaya (niece Moshko) worked at Moshko Kagansky (see [5], part 2 of Chapter 1), Meer Kagansky (Moshko's brother), Yakov Kagansky (nee Moshko).
In 1925, Moisei (Moshko) Kagansky "ran away" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks in Palestine, leaving his wife to and five daughters in Russia.*) After about 3 years, his wife, with three daughters, Esther, Chiva and Zhenya, tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services limited the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, the Court with three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers who surrendered them to the British. Moisei Kagansky, after all, achieved their release and reunion of the Kagansky family.
[1] http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=114 “The whole of Russia for 1899 ", p.311.
[2] http://cashloans24.us/?m=201401&paged=4
[3] www.centropa.org/sites/.../interview/UKKAGANSKAYA%20int.DOC
[4] Radomysl. Business Directory 1913
[5] www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
*) From 1919 to 1923, the immigration of Jews to Palestine mainly came from Russia. Almost 35,000 Jews who arrived in Palestine during these years laid the foundation for industrial and agricultural production in the Jewish sector of the economy.
In one of the issues of the newspaper "Radomysljanin" for 1917 contains a message about donations for the creation of a working club in Radomysl: "The device of the working club came from J. Lanzmann - 5 rubles., A.B. Kogan - 50 rubles, M.Kagansky - 65 rubles, G.N. Garbarova - 25 rubles, Anatowa - 10 rubles, J. Bukh - 5 rubles, E. Gorenshtein (should 50 rubles), Rezenfeld - 25 rubles, Economic Island of Consumers - 50 rubles, Yu. A. Kichera - 10 rubles, N. Belorusec - 50 rubles."
Among the patrons was our relative Moisei Kagansky (the brother of Leo Maloratsky's grandmother Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya), who donated the largest amount of 65 rubles). At that time Moisei was the director of one of the tannery in Radomysl.
http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/32373.html
YAKOV KAGANSKY
Information from Arnold Kholodenko: "Yakov Kagansky, being a deeply religious man, refused to evacuate his family from Kiev, referring to his experience of interaction with the" civilized "German army in 1918-1919 As a result, Jacob, Ettle, Rachel*), Rebecca died in the Baby Yar".
*) КАГАНСЬКА Рахіль. Єврейка. Загинула 29.09.1941
http://www.kby.kiev.ua/komitet/ua/membook/book-of-sorrow-ukraine/13/202.html
"Unfortunately, to date, the names of only a small fraction of the dead are known, and we apologize in advance to those who do not find the names of their relatives in these lists."
*) КАГАНСЬКА Рахіль. Єврейка. Загинула 29.09.1941
http://www.kby.kiev.ua/komitet/ua/membook/book-of-sorrow-ukraine/13/202.html
"Unfortunately, to date, the names of only a small fraction of the dead are known, and we apologize in advance to those who do not find the names of their relatives in these lists."
NAFTULA KAGANSY (son of YAKOV KAGANSKY)
Naftula Kagansky Rebekka (Riva) Kaganskaya
b:19?? Radomysl
d.1941
b:19?? Radomysl
d.1941
In the family of Naftula and Riva Kagansky there were four children: the sons of Avram, Grigory, Mikhail and daughter Fanya. Naftula died in 1941; his daughter Faina died in 1993.
Grigory Kagansky
Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... About Grisha, he was married, had children, worked as a tractor driver, Riva was very fighting and business-minded, she adapted to hard life in a Jewish agricultural colony, and even was a link." Naftula could not adapt to this way of life. All of them lived in Freidorf. We found two living witnesses to the events of the fall of 1941. They told us a lot about the story, and we know from Grisha's relatives and mother that he planted the family on a tractor and tried to take him out of Freidorf. The fate of them is unknown, as well as the fate of Riva and Naftula ... "
Ilya Kagansky
Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... Regarding Ilia, mother of Raisa (Faina) told me that she had another brother - Ilya, who died before the war in Freidorf ..."
AVRAM KAGANSKY (son of Naftula Kagansky)
Two photos from the archive of Raisa Lyubashevskaya:
From left to right:
1. Mikhail Kachansky*), the son of Naftula Kagansky,
2. Grigory Gurfinkel (husband of Genya Kaganskaya, daughter of Naftula),
3. Abram Kagansky, the son of Naftula,
4. Ilya Katz (son of Machla Kaganskaya).
*) Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... During the war, Michail was taken prisoner, thanks to comrades who did not give it to the fascists, last name and patronymic: Mikhail Anatolyevich Kachansky, and all his descendants are now Kachansky - Boris Kachansky (1948), daughter of Raisa Kachanskaya (Ebina) ".
1. Mikhail Kachansky*), the son of Naftula Kagansky,
2. Grigory Gurfinkel (husband of Genya Kaganskaya, daughter of Naftula),
3. Abram Kagansky, the son of Naftula,
4. Ilya Katz (son of Machla Kaganskaya).
*) Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... During the war, Michail was taken prisoner, thanks to comrades who did not give it to the fascists, last name and patronymic: Mikhail Anatolyevich Kachansky, and all his descendants are now Kachansky - Boris Kachansky (1948), daughter of Raisa Kachanskaya (Ebina) ".
The signature was made by Raisa Lyubashevskaya (Rozum):
Brothers and sisters Kagansky with their families:
Top row from left to right:
1. Gisya (Galya) Kachanskaya (Brusilovskaya), the wife of Mikhail.
2. Mikhail Kagansky (Kachansky),
3. Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum), my mother,
4. Michael Kagansky - the eldest son of Avram Kagansky and Basia Skuratovskaya,
5. Avram Kagansky.
Bottom row from left to right:
1. Hava-Leia Brusilovskaya - Mikhail's mother-in-law, Gisya's mother,
2. Boris Kachansky is the son of Mikhail and Gisya,
3. Anya Rozum is the eldest daughter of Faina Kaganskaya and Ruvin Rozum,
4. Ruvin Rozum is the husband of Faina Kaganskaya,
5. On the lap of his father - Raisa Rozum, the youngest daughter of Faina Kaganskaya. It's me,
6. Anatoly Kagansky, the youngest son of Avram Kagansky and Basya Skuratovskaya,
7. Basya Kaganskaya (Skuratovskaya, so correctly spelled surname), the wife of Avram Kagansky.
Brothers and sisters Kagansky with their families:
Top row from left to right:
1. Gisya (Galya) Kachanskaya (Brusilovskaya), the wife of Mikhail.
2. Mikhail Kagansky (Kachansky),
3. Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum), my mother,
4. Michael Kagansky - the eldest son of Avram Kagansky and Basia Skuratovskaya,
5. Avram Kagansky.
Bottom row from left to right:
1. Hava-Leia Brusilovskaya - Mikhail's mother-in-law, Gisya's mother,
2. Boris Kachansky is the son of Mikhail and Gisya,
3. Anya Rozum is the eldest daughter of Faina Kaganskaya and Ruvin Rozum,
4. Ruvin Rozum is the husband of Faina Kaganskaya,
5. On the lap of his father - Raisa Rozum, the youngest daughter of Faina Kaganskaya. It's me,
6. Anatoly Kagansky, the youngest son of Avram Kagansky and Basya Skuratovskaya,
7. Basya Kaganskaya (Skuratovskaya, so correctly spelled surname), the wife of Avram Kagansky.
The children of Avram and Basya of Kagansky: Anatoly (b:1945 in Zaporozhye) and Mikhail (b:1940 in Zaporozhye)
Information from Raisa Lyubashevskaya: Avram Naftulovich, his wife Basya and their children Misha and Tolya, to a great regret, died: they were buried at the Pervomaysky (Southern) cemetery in Zaporozhye, not far from my parents and parents оf Gennady, where the younger brother of Aвram and Faina - Michael. Another brother Gregory, together with his father Naftula, died in 1941 (see the article by Raisa Lyubashevskaya below).
FAINA KAGANSKAYA (daughter of Naftula Kagansky)
Faina Kaganskaya, 1946
Faina Rozum (Kaganskaya) and her husband Roman Rozum
http://stihi.pro/2467-svetlyy-chelovek.html
About Faina Kaganskaya:
Information from Raisa Romanovna Lyubashevskaya - daughter Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum), the granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky: "... In the autumn of 1932, hunger raged in the Jewish regions in the winter and spring of 1933. Mom often recalled exactly how she was kneading clay with straw and dung with her bare feet, then she smeared the hut walls, and when they dried up, she whitened them It was especially hard on her memory, the work was very hard physically, but my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. To save her daughter, her parents sent a 12-year-old Fanya to her aunt in the city of Korosten. It's hard to imagine, but this trip the girl did completely independently! My mother told me: - When I arrived in Korosten, I was so confused that I forgot my aunt's address. I remembered only the name, the street name and the fact that my aunt was a dressmaker. I kept asking the passers-by where my aunt lives who sews. And people helped me, they brought me straight home to my aunt. Fanya in Freidorf studied at a Jewish school and, having got to Korosten, very badly read and wrote in Russian. In Korosten Fanya began to help her aunt in the household, nursed her children, watched as she sews. Subsequently, my mother and myself began to sew and work well. Years passed. Fanya entered the school. She lived far from her parents and herself came to the idea that only having received an education can find a good job and help her family. As the sprout reaches for the light, so Fanya reached for knowledge. Having finished FZU, the girl decided to go to Dnepropetrovsk to enroll in a medical college. She successfully passed the entrance exams and began studying ..."
Information from Gennady Lyubashevsky: "Fanya's parents - Naftula and Riva Kagansky were killed by the Nazis, and the youth fell on the cruel war years. Before the war ended Fania graduated Dnepropetrovsk Medical College and intended to enroll in medical school, but plans changed war mobilization and front-line hospital. Twenty-year girl has not had time to breathe a peaceful air, got into the thick of the war. Endless bombing, an endless stream of wounded, maimed, pediculosis, inhuman suffering, pain, cool down the lifeless bodies of those who in the words of the poet, "not dolyubil, not finished his last cigarette." Scary, endless days and nights of terrible war. Not every man can stand it. Fanya survived, did not lose her usual cheerfulness, kindness and hope for a better life. With Roman, the nurse Fanya met in a hospital where Roman was cured. They were married after the war, raised two daughters ... "(Raisa and Anna), one of whom Raisa Lyubashevskaya published the following memories:
http://stihi.pro/2467-svetlyy-chelovek.html
About Faina Kaganskaya:
Information from Raisa Romanovna Lyubashevskaya - daughter Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum), the granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky: "... In the autumn of 1932, hunger raged in the Jewish regions in the winter and spring of 1933. Mom often recalled exactly how she was kneading clay with straw and dung with her bare feet, then she smeared the hut walls, and when they dried up, she whitened them It was especially hard on her memory, the work was very hard physically, but my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. To save her daughter, her parents sent a 12-year-old Fanya to her aunt in the city of Korosten. It's hard to imagine, but this trip the girl did completely independently! My mother told me: - When I arrived in Korosten, I was so confused that I forgot my aunt's address. I remembered only the name, the street name and the fact that my aunt was a dressmaker. I kept asking the passers-by where my aunt lives who sews. And people helped me, they brought me straight home to my aunt. Fanya in Freidorf studied at a Jewish school and, having got to Korosten, very badly read and wrote in Russian. In Korosten Fanya began to help her aunt in the household, nursed her children, watched as she sews. Subsequently, my mother and myself began to sew and work well. Years passed. Fanya entered the school. She lived far from her parents and herself came to the idea that only having received an education can find a good job and help her family. As the sprout reaches for the light, so Fanya reached for knowledge. Having finished FZU, the girl decided to go to Dnepropetrovsk to enroll in a medical college. She successfully passed the entrance exams and began studying ..."
Information from Gennady Lyubashevsky: "Fanya's parents - Naftula and Riva Kagansky were killed by the Nazis, and the youth fell on the cruel war years. Before the war ended Fania graduated Dnepropetrovsk Medical College and intended to enroll in medical school, but plans changed war mobilization and front-line hospital. Twenty-year girl has not had time to breathe a peaceful air, got into the thick of the war. Endless bombing, an endless stream of wounded, maimed, pediculosis, inhuman suffering, pain, cool down the lifeless bodies of those who in the words of the poet, "not dolyubil, not finished his last cigarette." Scary, endless days and nights of terrible war. Not every man can stand it. Fanya survived, did not lose her usual cheerfulness, kindness and hope for a better life. With Roman, the nurse Fanya met in a hospital where Roman was cured. They were married after the war, raised two daughters ... "(Raisa and Anna), one of whom Raisa Lyubashevskaya published the following memories:
http://evrey.com.ua/img/article/pdf-112.pdf
"I remember this old photo: grandfather Naftula in a suit, with a tie, in a fashionable shirt with a rounded collar, and next to him - a beautiful wife, Riva in a smart dress. Happy, undisturbed people ... They lived in the ancient city of Radomysl in (Now Radomyshl in the Zhytomyr region), his grandfather was engaged in the supply of leathers from Poland to local tanneries, and the family had four children: sons Avram, Grigory, Mikhail and daughter Fanya. Almost the whole population of Radomysl was Jewish and was engaged in crafts or, like Naftula Kagansky, trade. According to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918, more than 40% of the Jewish population was in the category of so-called "deprived", i.e. People deprived of their voting rights. They were, like Naftula, private traders, commercial and commercial intermediaries (in modern terms - private entrepreneurs). Under the new Constitution, they not only lost their voting rights and their usual work, but they also did not have the right to receive a pension, and most importantly, unemployment benefits. They were not allowed to join trade unions, to reside in Moscow and Leningrad, the disenfranchised persons were not given food cards, and their children were forbidden to study in the senior classes of schools and to receive education in universities. Abolished this draconian article only in the Constitution of the USSR in 1936. How to survive in such conditions? A significant part of the Jews left the settled places in search of work in large cities, but unemployment there reigned as well. Neither Riva nor Naftula had any working professions. They had nothing to do in the city. Hunger began to knock again at the door of their house. The NEP became a temporary rescue for the Kagansky family. During the NEP, grandfather continued to trade in leather, he was doing well, and he even opened his own leather shop. But by the end of the 1920s the NEP began to curtail, private trade was banned, and the family had to find it more and more difficult. Finally, again the question arose: "What should I do? How to live on? ". Large cities, and so choking with unemployment, could not accept an unskilled Jewish population. The Jews were poor and starving the most, because most of them had nothing to do with the land. The transformation of a part of the Jewish masses into a peasantry was an option for the authorities and for the Jews themselves. The state policy of resettlement of Jews from villages to new settlements and their involvement in agricultural work allowed them to break out of poverty and hunger. But in order to implement the government's decision, intelligent people were needed and ... a lot of money. The Jews themselves took up the organization of the resettlement and the organization of Jews on earth. We started with the fact that the most initiative people went to those places where it was supposed to settle the future migrants. Of those who expressed a desire to move to the Azov steppes and farm there, groups of 45-50 families were formed, who would live in the same village. And the family of Kagansky, like many other families, gathered up the belongings, said farewell to the graves of their ancestors and went to unknown places - to the Jewish national district, which since 1930 became known as Novozlatopolsky, - to start a new life. All organizational work went sensibly and quickly. As for money, the government did not have them, and one could only hope for a miracle. And this miracle came ... from across the ocean. American Jews did not stand aside and began to render all possible assistance to the Jews of Ukraine and Belarus who were in distress. Through the "Joint" and specially created in 1924 to implement the project of Jewish agricultural colonization in the USSR "Agrojoint" Jewish families began to receive food, medicine, warm clothes and money. It's impossible to forget: Soviet Jews were saved by their American brothers from starvation! Among the new Jewish resettlement settlements there was also a colony called Freidorf *, where the new peasants Kagansky settled. Housing, of course, was not, huddled first in common barracks, and after a while began to build. Mom remembered that the building material was clay and chopped straw (or stowage), in which water and dung were added, and then the resulting mass of the whole family was kneaded. This material was called "Saman".Then, adobe bricks were molded from the batch and dried in the sun. Walls were laid out of adobe, and the cracks were covered with clay, plastered and bleached with lime. All this was not so easy to do as it seems: the clay had to be found, it was dug in ravines and beams, carried on carts to the construction site, water was dragged by hand. The roof of the house was made of straw or cane. And all by hand! The house turned out to be small, short. It huddled the whole family, and in the winter in the house they also started the hens, so they did not freeze. Was it possible to compare this rural house with its own house, abandoned in Radomysl! Riva and Naftula Kagansky, like most of the settlers, had absolutely no agricultural skills, and they adapted to a new life with great difficulty. And here the "Agrojoint" helped, supplying Jewish settlers with agricultural equipment, seeds, inventory, building materials, and also organizing loan offices, vocational schools and courses. In the village they opened an elementary Jewish school, inculcating the children with love for "mame-lotion" (Yiddish), not only Jewish children but also children of German and Ukrainian colonists studied at this school. There were never any quarrels on the national soil between the children. The next year, the first harvest of wheat was obtained, which means that the threat of hunger has passed! But Agrojoint continued to patronize the settlers, supplying not only cattle and horses, but even domestic poultry: chickens and outlandish gray turkeys. They opened a kindergarten, even a library appeared. They began to live better, making plans for the future. And again "Jewish happiness" intervened in the life of the Kagansky family, this time in the form of the continuous collectivization of agriculture that began in 1929. Everything went upside down: a collective farm yard was built in the settlement, horses, cows and bulls were driven from all the yards, transferred the rabbits, chickens and turkeys, transported the agricultural inventory ... The most difficult were 1932 and 1933, when the Novozlatopolsky district was set up with excessive grain procurement plans . In the autumn of 1932, in the winter and spring of 1933, famine raged in the Jewish regions. Mom often remembered exactly how she kneaded clay feet with straw and daggers with her bare feet, then smeared the walls of the hut, and when they dried up, she bleached them with lime. It especially cut into memory. The work was very difficult physically. But my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. To save her daughter, her parents sent a 12-year-old Fanya to her aunt in the city of Korosten. It's hard to imagine, but this trip the girl did completely independently! My mother told me: - When I arrived in Korosten, I was so confused that I forgot my aunt's address. I remembered only the name, the street name and the fact that my aunt was a dressmaker. I kept asking the passers-by where my aunt lives who sews. And people helped me, they brought me straight home to my aunt. Fanya in Freidorf studied at a Jewish school and, having got to Korosten, very badly read and wrote in Russian. In Korosten Fanya began to help her aunt in the household, nursed her children, watched as she sews. Subsequently, my mother and myself began to sew and work well. Years passed. Fanya entered the school. She lived far from her parents and herself came to the idea that only having received an education can find a good job and help her family. As the sprout reaches for the light, so Fanya reached for knowledge. Having finished FZU, the girl decided to go to Dnepropetrovsk to enroll in a medical college. She successfully passed the entrance exams and started her studies. On vacation Fanya came to her relatives in Freidorf, helped them. Mom often remembered exactly how she kneaded clay feet with straw and daggers with her bare feet, then smeared the walls of the hut, and when they dried up, she bleached them with lime. It especially cut into memory.The work was very hard physically. But my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. Gradually the life of the family began to get better again. Sons worked, Grisha got married and began to live with his wife and children separately. The family has its own cow - a real help in this hard time. Fanya graduated from the medical college, began to work as a midwife in one of Dnepropetrovsk hospitals. I dreamed of becoming a doctor. On her last visit to her parents, in the spring of 1941, she again smeared and bleached her parents' home. Know her then that she saw mom and dad for the last time ...The girl was preparing to enter the Dnipropetrovsk Medical Institute, but ... "On June twenty-four, exactly at four o'clock Kiev was bombed, we were told that the war was starting" ...- We were among the very latest who managed to escape. I had a younger disabled brother. We took him out of the house on the sheets and put it on the cart. With us were still my mother Hava-Leja and Uncle Isaac - the brother of the father. In the cart harnessed the bulls. We were in a terrible hurry, and my uncle drove the bulls so much that they peed blood. But we managed to catch the last train. They sat down in the last car. The wounded soldiers were transported on the train, my mother and I took care of them, made dressings. The train was constantly bombed, and we ran away from the railway. Then we drove on. And they were saved. We managed to get to the train, Abram's wife, Basia, had time with her parents, and yours did not ... What happened to Riva, Naftul and Grisha?The surviving compatriots remembered that the Kagansky also left the village. No more saw them alive ... Perhaps the German tanks cut their way, maybe it was a parachute landing (the Germans' favorite tactic in such situations), maybe the refugees were bombed - I do not know. No one knows. And he will never know ... Perhaps my relatives died on the way, and perhaps after the Novozlatopolsk district was seized by the fascists on October 5, 1941, they were captured alive and shot on the spot or together with other unhappy people. "
Raisa Lubashevskaya
*) Most of the settlements created in the Crimea had names in Yiddish: Freidorf (Free Village)
"I remember this old photo: grandfather Naftula in a suit, with a tie, in a fashionable shirt with a rounded collar, and next to him - a beautiful wife, Riva in a smart dress. Happy, undisturbed people ... They lived in the ancient city of Radomysl in (Now Radomyshl in the Zhytomyr region), his grandfather was engaged in the supply of leathers from Poland to local tanneries, and the family had four children: sons Avram, Grigory, Mikhail and daughter Fanya. Almost the whole population of Radomysl was Jewish and was engaged in crafts or, like Naftula Kagansky, trade. According to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918, more than 40% of the Jewish population was in the category of so-called "deprived", i.e. People deprived of their voting rights. They were, like Naftula, private traders, commercial and commercial intermediaries (in modern terms - private entrepreneurs). Under the new Constitution, they not only lost their voting rights and their usual work, but they also did not have the right to receive a pension, and most importantly, unemployment benefits. They were not allowed to join trade unions, to reside in Moscow and Leningrad, the disenfranchised persons were not given food cards, and their children were forbidden to study in the senior classes of schools and to receive education in universities. Abolished this draconian article only in the Constitution of the USSR in 1936. How to survive in such conditions? A significant part of the Jews left the settled places in search of work in large cities, but unemployment there reigned as well. Neither Riva nor Naftula had any working professions. They had nothing to do in the city. Hunger began to knock again at the door of their house. The NEP became a temporary rescue for the Kagansky family. During the NEP, grandfather continued to trade in leather, he was doing well, and he even opened his own leather shop. But by the end of the 1920s the NEP began to curtail, private trade was banned, and the family had to find it more and more difficult. Finally, again the question arose: "What should I do? How to live on? ". Large cities, and so choking with unemployment, could not accept an unskilled Jewish population. The Jews were poor and starving the most, because most of them had nothing to do with the land. The transformation of a part of the Jewish masses into a peasantry was an option for the authorities and for the Jews themselves. The state policy of resettlement of Jews from villages to new settlements and their involvement in agricultural work allowed them to break out of poverty and hunger. But in order to implement the government's decision, intelligent people were needed and ... a lot of money. The Jews themselves took up the organization of the resettlement and the organization of Jews on earth. We started with the fact that the most initiative people went to those places where it was supposed to settle the future migrants. Of those who expressed a desire to move to the Azov steppes and farm there, groups of 45-50 families were formed, who would live in the same village. And the family of Kagansky, like many other families, gathered up the belongings, said farewell to the graves of their ancestors and went to unknown places - to the Jewish national district, which since 1930 became known as Novozlatopolsky, - to start a new life. All organizational work went sensibly and quickly. As for money, the government did not have them, and one could only hope for a miracle. And this miracle came ... from across the ocean. American Jews did not stand aside and began to render all possible assistance to the Jews of Ukraine and Belarus who were in distress. Through the "Joint" and specially created in 1924 to implement the project of Jewish agricultural colonization in the USSR "Agrojoint" Jewish families began to receive food, medicine, warm clothes and money. It's impossible to forget: Soviet Jews were saved by their American brothers from starvation! Among the new Jewish resettlement settlements there was also a colony called Freidorf *, where the new peasants Kagansky settled. Housing, of course, was not, huddled first in common barracks, and after a while began to build. Mom remembered that the building material was clay and chopped straw (or stowage), in which water and dung were added, and then the resulting mass of the whole family was kneaded. This material was called "Saman".Then, adobe bricks were molded from the batch and dried in the sun. Walls were laid out of adobe, and the cracks were covered with clay, plastered and bleached with lime. All this was not so easy to do as it seems: the clay had to be found, it was dug in ravines and beams, carried on carts to the construction site, water was dragged by hand. The roof of the house was made of straw or cane. And all by hand! The house turned out to be small, short. It huddled the whole family, and in the winter in the house they also started the hens, so they did not freeze. Was it possible to compare this rural house with its own house, abandoned in Radomysl! Riva and Naftula Kagansky, like most of the settlers, had absolutely no agricultural skills, and they adapted to a new life with great difficulty. And here the "Agrojoint" helped, supplying Jewish settlers with agricultural equipment, seeds, inventory, building materials, and also organizing loan offices, vocational schools and courses. In the village they opened an elementary Jewish school, inculcating the children with love for "mame-lotion" (Yiddish), not only Jewish children but also children of German and Ukrainian colonists studied at this school. There were never any quarrels on the national soil between the children. The next year, the first harvest of wheat was obtained, which means that the threat of hunger has passed! But Agrojoint continued to patronize the settlers, supplying not only cattle and horses, but even domestic poultry: chickens and outlandish gray turkeys. They opened a kindergarten, even a library appeared. They began to live better, making plans for the future. And again "Jewish happiness" intervened in the life of the Kagansky family, this time in the form of the continuous collectivization of agriculture that began in 1929. Everything went upside down: a collective farm yard was built in the settlement, horses, cows and bulls were driven from all the yards, transferred the rabbits, chickens and turkeys, transported the agricultural inventory ... The most difficult were 1932 and 1933, when the Novozlatopolsky district was set up with excessive grain procurement plans . In the autumn of 1932, in the winter and spring of 1933, famine raged in the Jewish regions. Mom often remembered exactly how she kneaded clay feet with straw and daggers with her bare feet, then smeared the walls of the hut, and when they dried up, she bleached them with lime. It especially cut into memory. The work was very difficult physically. But my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. To save her daughter, her parents sent a 12-year-old Fanya to her aunt in the city of Korosten. It's hard to imagine, but this trip the girl did completely independently! My mother told me: - When I arrived in Korosten, I was so confused that I forgot my aunt's address. I remembered only the name, the street name and the fact that my aunt was a dressmaker. I kept asking the passers-by where my aunt lives who sews. And people helped me, they brought me straight home to my aunt. Fanya in Freidorf studied at a Jewish school and, having got to Korosten, very badly read and wrote in Russian. In Korosten Fanya began to help her aunt in the household, nursed her children, watched as she sews. Subsequently, my mother and myself began to sew and work well. Years passed. Fanya entered the school. She lived far from her parents and herself came to the idea that only having received an education can find a good job and help her family. As the sprout reaches for the light, so Fanya reached for knowledge. Having finished FZU, the girl decided to go to Dnepropetrovsk to enroll in a medical college. She successfully passed the entrance exams and started her studies. On vacation Fanya came to her relatives in Freidorf, helped them. Mom often remembered exactly how she kneaded clay feet with straw and daggers with her bare feet, then smeared the walls of the hut, and when they dried up, she bleached them with lime. It especially cut into memory.The work was very hard physically. But my mother, as long as I remember her, never shied away from any work. Gradually the life of the family began to get better again. Sons worked, Grisha got married and began to live with his wife and children separately. The family has its own cow - a real help in this hard time. Fanya graduated from the medical college, began to work as a midwife in one of Dnepropetrovsk hospitals. I dreamed of becoming a doctor. On her last visit to her parents, in the spring of 1941, she again smeared and bleached her parents' home. Know her then that she saw mom and dad for the last time ...The girl was preparing to enter the Dnipropetrovsk Medical Institute, but ... "On June twenty-four, exactly at four o'clock Kiev was bombed, we were told that the war was starting" ...- We were among the very latest who managed to escape. I had a younger disabled brother. We took him out of the house on the sheets and put it on the cart. With us were still my mother Hava-Leja and Uncle Isaac - the brother of the father. In the cart harnessed the bulls. We were in a terrible hurry, and my uncle drove the bulls so much that they peed blood. But we managed to catch the last train. They sat down in the last car. The wounded soldiers were transported on the train, my mother and I took care of them, made dressings. The train was constantly bombed, and we ran away from the railway. Then we drove on. And they were saved. We managed to get to the train, Abram's wife, Basia, had time with her parents, and yours did not ... What happened to Riva, Naftul and Grisha?The surviving compatriots remembered that the Kagansky also left the village. No more saw them alive ... Perhaps the German tanks cut their way, maybe it was a parachute landing (the Germans' favorite tactic in such situations), maybe the refugees were bombed - I do not know. No one knows. And he will never know ... Perhaps my relatives died on the way, and perhaps after the Novozlatopolsk district was seized by the fascists on October 5, 1941, they were captured alive and shot on the spot or together with other unhappy people. "
Raisa Lubashevskaya
*) Most of the settlements created in the Crimea had names in Yiddish: Freidorf (Free Village)
Map of the Jewish settlements of the northeastern Crimea
Novozlatopol is a Jewish agricultural colony of the Aleksandrovsk district of Ekaterinoslav province, founded in 1848 by people from the Vitebsk, Kovno and Mogilev provinces. The largest Jewish colony of Ekaterinoslav province. It was located 1.5 versts from the right bank of the Yalchur River. Since 1923, the Joint has helped with money issues for the purchase of guns and live implements. The loan from the Joint was issued on preferential terms: the repayment term is one year. In 1924, 686 Jews and 70 Germans lived in Novozlatopol. In 1925, a Jewish national village council was established in the colony, in the territory of which there were 1,209 people, of whom 1081 were Jews. In 1929 in Novozlatopol the collective farm "Avangard" was organized (in 1933 - 118 families). In 1929, the Novozlatopolsky Jewish National District was formed as part of the Zaporozhye District, since 1932 in the Dnipropetrovsk Region. Novozlatopol became the administrative center of the district. In 1939, 2,200 people lived in the district center, of which 1,109 were Jews (50.4% of the total population).
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Map of the Novozlatopol Jewish National District
In Ukraine, three Jewish national districts were established - Kaliningrad, Stalindorf and Novozlatopolsky, in the Crimea (the RSFSR) - Freidorf and Larindorf.
The resettlement of Jews from the towns to new settlements and their involvement in agricultural work made it possible to break out of poverty and hunger. Through the resettlement in the area of the old colonies, a compact mass of Jewish peasants was created. In 1924, 686 Jews and 70 Germans lived in Novozlatopol. In 1929, of the 12,148 inhabitants of the district, 8,349 were Jews (68%). Novozlatopolsky district was the area that hosted the settlers. |
Threshing. Agricultural colony "Freiland", Odessa region, Ukraine, 1929
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Colonists return from the synagogue
Kakhov district. Photo from M. Beizer's book, M. Mitsell "American Brother. Joint in Russia, the USSR, the CIS. " |
The tractor column leaves for the October demonstration in the village of Freidorf. Evpatoria district, Crimea, 1926
Site photo http://www.ozet.ort.spb.ru/ |
The documentary "Jews on Earth", shot in 1927 by A. Romm in the script of V. Mayakovsky and V. Shklovsky, was devoted to the topic of the resettlement of Jews to the Crimea and the creation of agricultural settlements there. see also: http://evkol.ucoz.com/crimea_settlements.htm
Interesting fact:
In the described agricultural settlements families of different branches of the Kagansky family worked, while they did not know about the existence of each other. This family is represented by Naftula Kagansky (son of Yakov Kagansky), the family of the Manya Zakon (Maloratskaya) (the granddaughter of Chana Kaganskaya - the sister of Yakov Kagansky) and the family of Srul Kagansky who was a very distant relative of Naftula and Manya. Their common ancestor (five generations earlier) was Eilo Kagansky (see the above diagram of Kagansky family).
In the described agricultural settlements families of different branches of the Kagansky family worked, while they did not know about the existence of each other. This family is represented by Naftula Kagansky (son of Yakov Kagansky), the family of the Manya Zakon (Maloratskaya) (the granddaughter of Chana Kaganskaya - the sister of Yakov Kagansky) and the family of Srul Kagansky who was a very distant relative of Naftula and Manya. Their common ancestor (five generations earlier) was Eilo Kagansky (see the above diagram of Kagansky family).
Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum) family
Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... Now about the relatives of Faina, her husband is Rozum Roman Grigorievich (Ruvin Hershevich, according to the passport), he is described in detail in the story" The Bright Man "
http://stihi.pro/2467-svetlyy-chelovek.html
They have two daughters. Anna (1947) bears the surname of Perchenko. They had a son, Alexander, born in 1985. She graduated from the medical institute, worked as a pharmacist in a pharmacy. Her husband is an engineer (b:1942). They live in Zaporozhye. Raisa (1950), according husband - Lyubashevskaya. Named after the grandmother of Riva. Teacher in piano. The husband Gennady (1949), as an engineer. In 1974, Alina's daughter was born, she graduated from the medical institute, a pharmacist, and got married. The husband is Shchupak Yuri Yakovlevich, born in 1967, economist. In 1996 they had a son Alex. The daughter's family lives in Toronto (Canada).
Raisa Lyubashevskaya (Rozum)
(b:1950) - daughter of Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum) and Roman Rozum, granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky Gennady Lyubashevsky,
spouse Raisa Rozum, member of the Congress of Writers of Ukraine, published an article: "The First Order", an excerpt from which is given below |
Anna Rozum
(b:1947) - daughter of Faina Kaganskaya (Rozum) and Roman Rozum, granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky Mikhail Perchenko,
husband of Anna Rozum |
"How often a casually dropped phrase at first does not attract attention to itself, but it is firmly" stuck "in memory, like a well-nailed nail! A year passes, two, ten, fifty - and, please, here it is, overgrown with new facts, turns into a story "But this we supported the radio communication with the Sescha underground ..." This phrase, as if accidentally, was pronounced by my father at the end of February 1965, 50 years ago. "We watched the first Soviet multiseries TV movie" Calling fire on ourselves "on the whole family activities of an international underground group in the village Sescha ... On the eve of the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Victory, a lot was written and written about the heroism of our soldiers and underground workers. The veteran movement was gaining momentum, to the father from all corners of the Union letters from his brother-soldiers came. Memories, photographs - all this the father systematized with him one inherent scrupulousness. Subsequently, they formed the basis of the book "Svyazisty 65th" - about the combat path of the 65th separate communications regiment, in which the twenty-year-old senior lieutenant Avram Grigoryevich Lyubashevsky.
At the end of the summer of 1943, radio communication between the headquarters of the Bryansk Front and the partisan detachment broke off, which included the sabotage reconnaissance group of the 10th Army. The reconnaissance team was based in the Bryansk region, in the area of Seshcha, forwarded extremely valuable information to the front headquarters and carried out bold diversions at the German airfield. The television film tells about all this. But in life everything happens much more complicated than on a television screen. Lack of communication is an emergency. The commander of the radio was ordered to fly immediately to the location of the partisan detachment, to deliver there a radio operator, a set of power for the radio and magnetic mines with a clockwork. Flights to the partisans across the front line were carried out specially for this purpose created by the best pilots of civil aviation 101st Aviation Regiment under the command of the legendary Soviet pilot Valentina Grizodubova. The weather was extremely unfavorable, and time was short. It was necessary to fly at night, under fire of the opponent. For his father, this was the first flight in his life.
The plane mercilessly "chattered", he continually fell into the "air holes". The pilot constantly maneuvered, not to get into the beams of searchlights and under bombardment of anti-aircraft batteries of the enemy. The time dragged on extraordinarily slowly. Finally, they started to land. The benchmark for the pilot was the fires laid out by the partisans. Landing was not too "soft", but the hot reception rendered by partisans made me forget about it. First of all, they "snapped up" the latest issues of Pravda and Komsomolskaya Pravda. And afterwards there was a meeting with the reconnaissance group commander Arkady Vinitsky *). As it turned out, the reason for "radio silence" was predictable: the guerrilla radio "sat down" batteries. They were replaced with fresh ones, and the magnetic mines were transferred to the underground group in Sescha. The very same one that was headed by the legendary Anya Morozova - the prototype of the heroine of the movie "We Cause Fire", later - Hero of the Soviet Union. The command was successfully completed, and his father was awarded his first order - the Order of the Red Star.
At the end of the summer of 1943, radio communication between the headquarters of the Bryansk Front and the partisan detachment broke off, which included the sabotage reconnaissance group of the 10th Army. The reconnaissance team was based in the Bryansk region, in the area of Seshcha, forwarded extremely valuable information to the front headquarters and carried out bold diversions at the German airfield. The television film tells about all this. But in life everything happens much more complicated than on a television screen. Lack of communication is an emergency. The commander of the radio was ordered to fly immediately to the location of the partisan detachment, to deliver there a radio operator, a set of power for the radio and magnetic mines with a clockwork. Flights to the partisans across the front line were carried out specially for this purpose created by the best pilots of civil aviation 101st Aviation Regiment under the command of the legendary Soviet pilot Valentina Grizodubova. The weather was extremely unfavorable, and time was short. It was necessary to fly at night, under fire of the opponent. For his father, this was the first flight in his life.
The plane mercilessly "chattered", he continually fell into the "air holes". The pilot constantly maneuvered, not to get into the beams of searchlights and under bombardment of anti-aircraft batteries of the enemy. The time dragged on extraordinarily slowly. Finally, they started to land. The benchmark for the pilot was the fires laid out by the partisans. Landing was not too "soft", but the hot reception rendered by partisans made me forget about it. First of all, they "snapped up" the latest issues of Pravda and Komsomolskaya Pravda. And afterwards there was a meeting with the reconnaissance group commander Arkady Vinitsky *). As it turned out, the reason for "radio silence" was predictable: the guerrilla radio "sat down" batteries. They were replaced with fresh ones, and the magnetic mines were transferred to the underground group in Sescha. The very same one that was headed by the legendary Anya Morozova - the prototype of the heroine of the movie "We Cause Fire", later - Hero of the Soviet Union. The command was successfully completed, and his father was awarded his first order - the Order of the Red Star.
*) Memories of A.S.Vinitsky: see site http://vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com
"During the first months of the war, many partisan detachments had not only a radio, but also a simple receiver. For example, when I left the Kletnyanskiye forests in early 42, my radio was the only one through which all the detachments contacted the Big Earth. But by the end of the year 42, each detachment had a radio operator with a walkie-talkie - there were more than 2000 of them in partisan detachments in the occupied territories. " "I asked for a new radio, but the weather was not flying for a long time. Finally, I received a radiogram: "Inform the coordinates and the shape of the fires. Secure the landing site.
The choice of the forest glade and its protection was assumed by the Kletnyansky detachment. The long-awaited day has come. Partisans took positions on the approach to the clearing, prepared firewood and bottles with fuel for fires. About two o'clock in the morning we heard the airplane roar. Fires broke out. The U-2 plane made a circle above the glade, landed and stopped without turning off the engines. The pilot threw the flap and shouted: "Who is there?" I ran up and introduced myself.
And then the guerrillas from different directions ran up to the plane, picked up the pilot who had climbed out of the cockpit and shouted "Hooray!" The pilot gave me a new radio, a supply of food for her and gifts from the Big Land. He had a fresh newspaper, "Krasnaya Zvezda", which later went around many detachments. Soon the plane, making a farewell circle, disappeared behind the horizon. So the first air route was laid in the Kletnyansky forests "(from the article of A.S. Vinitsky" Behind the Enemy Lines ")
"During the first months of the war, many partisan detachments had not only a radio, but also a simple receiver. For example, when I left the Kletnyanskiye forests in early 42, my radio was the only one through which all the detachments contacted the Big Earth. But by the end of the year 42, each detachment had a radio operator with a walkie-talkie - there were more than 2000 of them in partisan detachments in the occupied territories. " "I asked for a new radio, but the weather was not flying for a long time. Finally, I received a radiogram: "Inform the coordinates and the shape of the fires. Secure the landing site.
The choice of the forest glade and its protection was assumed by the Kletnyansky detachment. The long-awaited day has come. Partisans took positions on the approach to the clearing, prepared firewood and bottles with fuel for fires. About two o'clock in the morning we heard the airplane roar. Fires broke out. The U-2 plane made a circle above the glade, landed and stopped without turning off the engines. The pilot threw the flap and shouted: "Who is there?" I ran up and introduced myself.
And then the guerrillas from different directions ran up to the plane, picked up the pilot who had climbed out of the cockpit and shouted "Hooray!" The pilot gave me a new radio, a supply of food for her and gifts from the Big Land. He had a fresh newspaper, "Krasnaya Zvezda", which later went around many detachments. Soon the plane, making a farewell circle, disappeared behind the horizon. So the first air route was laid in the Kletnyansky forests "(from the article of A.S. Vinitsky" Behind the Enemy Lines ")
This story has its own fantastic continuation, relating to the Kagansky-Maloratsky and the Vinitsky.
A quarter of a century after the events described in this article, Leo Maloratsky, the descendant of the Kagansky (the grandson of Chana of Kagansky - the sister of Yakov Kagansky, the nephew of Naftula Kagansky), met his future wife, Elena Vinitskaya, daughter of A.S. Vinitsky, who in 1943 met in a partisan
detachment*) with A.G. Lyubashevsky, the father of her husband Raisa Rozum (the granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky). This is only one of the intricacies in our Race, which are described at the end of this Part.
A quarter of a century after the events described in this article, Leo Maloratsky, the descendant of the Kagansky (the grandson of Chana of Kagansky - the sister of Yakov Kagansky, the nephew of Naftula Kagansky), met his future wife, Elena Vinitskaya, daughter of A.S. Vinitsky, who in 1943 met in a partisan
detachment*) with A.G. Lyubashevsky, the father of her husband Raisa Rozum (the granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky). This is only one of the intricacies in our Race, which are described at the end of this Part.
This diagram shows that the meeting between Arkady Vinitsky and Avraam Lyubashevsky took place about a quarter of a century before their children linked their destinies with the descendants of Chana and Yakov Kagansky.
MICHAIL KAGANSKY (son of Naftula Kagansky)
Children of Mikhail and Galina Kagansky: Boris (b:1948, Zaporozhye), Raisa (b:1955, Zaporozhye).
Information from Gennady and Raisa Lyubashevsky (granddaughter of Naftula Kagansky): "... At the time of the war (he was taken prisoner) Michail (brother of Faina), thanks to comrades who did not give it to the fascists, the surname and patronymic, he became Mikhail Anatolyevich Kachansky, and all his descendants are now Kachansky. Michael's eldest son - Boris Kachansky (b:1948), daughter of Raisa Kachanskaya (Ebina). Boris has a wife - Svetlana Shmerkina, they have a daughter. Raisa has two children - Misha (b:1981). And Yana. Abram, Michael and Faina are buried in the Jewish cemetery in Zaporozhye. There are buried Misha and Tolya Kagansky ... "
MACHL KAGANSKAYA (KATC) (daughter of Yakov Kagansky)
GENYA KAGANSKAYA (GURFINKEDL) (daughter of Yakov Kagansky)
Rebekka Kaganskaya (daughter of Yakov Kagansky)
During the occupation in Babi Yar (Kiev) Rebekka Kaganskaya was shot (1941).
SRUL KAGANSKY FAMILY
Volko Abramovich Kagansky (grandfather of Srul Kagansky)
- Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000. Record No. 313.
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 pages.
In this document of October 30, 1850 among the male Jews, probably the family of our ancestor
Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32, b: 1818,
Volko's son: Yankel, age 3 years, b:1847,
And among the female Jews:
Volko Abramovich's wife - Etlya, age 34, b:1816,
Volka's daughter - Chaya, age 14, b:1836
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850. 871 pages.
In this document of October 30, 1850 among the male Jews, probably the family of our ancestor
Volko Abramovich Kagansky, age 32, b: 1818,
Volko's son: Yankel, age 3 years, b:1847,
And among the female Jews:
Volko Abramovich's wife - Etlya, age 34, b:1816,
Volka's daughter - Chaya, age 14, b:1836
Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (father of Srul Kagansky) (1849 - 1923, Radomysl)
Fund 384, Inventory 9, Case 11, Year 1897.
The first general population census.
Kiev province, Radomyslsky district, Radomysl town, M-Chernobylskaya street, Kaganovskogo's house, apt. 1a.
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males the family of our relative Yankel Volkovich Kagansky, age 48, b:1849, where he was recorded by the owner of the grocery trade.
Yankel's wife - Basya Ryvka Sruleva, age 46, b:1851,
Yankel's sons :
Nuhim, age 23, b:1874,
Srul, age 14, b:1883,
Yankel daughters:
Tsypa, age 16, b:1881,
Leia, age 12 , b:1885,
Bruha, age 9, b:1888,
Yankel's grandson:
Shmul, age 9, b:1888,
Yankel's mother:
Ethel-Tsuchom Berkova, age 75 years, b:1816
The first general population census.
Kiev province, Radomyslsky district, Radomysl town, M-Chernobylskaya street, Kaganovskogo's house, apt. 1a.
In this document from 1897 among the Jewish males the family of our relative Yankel Volkovich Kagansky, age 48, b:1849, where he was recorded by the owner of the grocery trade.
Yankel's wife - Basya Ryvka Sruleva, age 46, b:1851,
Yankel's sons :
Nuhim, age 23, b:1874,
Srul, age 14, b:1883,
Yankel daughters:
Tsypa, age 16, b:1881,
Leia, age 12 , b:1885,
Bruha, age 9, b:1888,
Yankel's grandson:
Shmul, age 9, b:1888,
Yankel's mother:
Ethel-Tsuchom Berkova, age 75 years, b:1816
Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-1923) in Radomysl was engaged in trade in groceries (see the above materials).
Fragment "Business catalog of Radomysl 1913":
Together with Yankel Kagansky, groceries were handled by his relative Kaganskaya Chava Berkovna.
SRUL KAGANSKY (1883-1942) family
From this table it follows that the father of Srul Yankelevich - Yankel Volkovich Kagansky was a merchant, the "master of grocery trade" in Radomysl. It is obvious that his name was received by the name Srul by the name of the deceased father of the mother of Basya Ryvka Srulevna. The only member of the Yankel family - his eldest daughter Zipa Yankelevna Kaganskaya was educated outside the house in the Radomysl Women's City School*). Most likely, in the picture below in the chair sits Tsipa Kaganskaya, which at that time (1905) was 24 years old. Grandmother of Srul - Ethel Tsuchom Berkovna Kaganskaya at the time of the census was 75 years old; age for those times was considered quite solid.
*) Radomyslsky two-year state Jewish school of Radomysl. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/17684.html
*) Radomyslsky two-year state Jewish school of Radomysl. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. http://town-and-people.livejournal.com/17684.html
Worth the wife of Yankel - Basya Ryvka Srulevna, age 46, (b:1851), sits one of his daughters, apparently Zipa. (photo about 1906 from Ilya Kagansky)
|
“Декаданс” бывш. Сухозанета | 1906-1917, ул. Бердичевская, 14, дом Крайского
влад: • Абрам Розенбаум (1910-1914), Аврум Фишелевич Розенбойм (1907-1909) |
SRUL YANKELEVICH KAGANSKY (1883-1942) family
(Photos from the archive of Ilya Kagansky (descendant of Srul Kagansky))
In the first row: Srul Yankelevich Kagansky (1883-1942), his grandson Vilya Piven *) (b: 1932) (son of Eugenia Kaganskaya), Feiga Kaganskaya (? -1942) (wife of Srul), in the second row of the daughter of Srul: Raisa Srulevna Piven (Kaganskaya) (1911-?) and Yevgenia Kaganskaya (1914-?) (the picture was taken approximately in 1938 in the village where the family moved from Radomysl).
*) Vilya Piven currently lives in Israel (2017).
*) Vilya Piven currently lives in Israel (2017).
Moisei Srulevich Kagansky (1917-1942) (son of Srul Kagansky)
Relationship between the family of Srul Kagansky and the family of Israel Kagansky:
It should be noted that Srul Kagansky and Israel Kagansky had the most ancient common roots 275 years ago, after in the middle of the 18th century Eilo Kagansky broke up with his brother Moshko Kagansky.
About suddenly arising contacts through 7 generations 1740 - 2015 (in 275 years): Unknown to us earlier, Ilya Kagansky discovered our site www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and presented some materials about his ancestors. In the future, painstaking research by Ilya Goldfarb, Oleg Sagalov and Lev Maloratsky ended with their connection with the Kagansky ancestors found below:
About suddenly arising contacts through 7 generations 1740 - 2015 (in 275 years): Unknown to us earlier, Ilya Kagansky discovered our site www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and presented some materials about his ancestors. In the future, painstaking research by Ilya Goldfarb, Oleg Sagalov and Lev Maloratsky ended with their connection with the Kagansky ancestors found below:
Kiev. Lists of those who voted at the Provincial Duma elections (database)
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts (districts) The Kiev province.
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts (districts) The Kiev province.
"Qualification" - Qualification for inclusion in the voters list of the Kiev Provincial Duma: "Apt.tax" means "Apartment tax". The number of Radomysl voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was 2037 people. Based on the general list, it turned out that more than 50% of the voters listed were Jewish, which is evidence of the large number of Jews living and working in the province. The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, tax, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria. http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/KievDuma.htm
In this table (found by Ilya Goldfarb) appears our relative Meer Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky (brother of Chana Kaganskaya - grandmother of Leo Maloratsky), who died in 1919 during the Jewish pogrom, learned in Radomysl by the Sokolovsky gang (see above). Another relative of ours, Yankel (Yakov) Srulievich (Izrailevich) Kagansky (see the table) (Chana Kagansky's brother's), being deeply religious, refused to evacuate with his family from Kiev at the beginning of the war, referring to his experience of interaction with the ""Civilized "German army in 1918-1919. As a result, he and his children Ettle, Rachel, Rebecca died in Babi Yar.
In this table (found by Ilya Goldfarb) appears our relative Meer Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky (brother of Chana Kaganskaya - grandmother of Leo Maloratsky), who died in 1919 during the Jewish pogrom, learned in Radomysl by the Sokolovsky gang (see above). Another relative of ours, Yankel (Yakov) Srulievich (Izrailevich) Kagansky (see the table) (Chana Kagansky's brother's), being deeply religious, refused to evacuate with his family from Kiev at the beginning of the war, referring to his experience of interaction with the ""Civilized "German army in 1918-1919. As a result, he and his children Ettle, Rachel, Rebecca died in Babi Yar.
Another Kagansky from Radomysl:
https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JF6V-BY6
Isaak Kagansky
New York, Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924
Given Name: Isaak
Surname: Kagansky
Last Place of Residence: Radomysl
Event Date: 15 May 1906
Age: 17y
Nationality: Russia, Hebrew
Departure Port: Antwerp
Arrival Port: New York
Gender: Male
Marital Status: S
Ship Name: Zeeland
Our ancestors Kagansky from the city of Radomysl:
Israel Kagansky (1845-1923)
Feiga Kaganskaya (? -1923)
Chana Kaganskaya (1834-1936)
Moisei Kagansky (1880-1947)
Mariam Kaganskaya (1889-1972)
Tsipa Kaganskaya (?-1919)
Meer Kagansky (?-1919)
Avram Kagansky (1870-1919)
Pesya Kaganskaya (1880-1942)
Yakov Kagansky (1870-1941)
Brocha Kaganskaya (?-1945)
Paya Kaganskaya(1904-1983)
Mariya Kaganskaya (1905-1979)
Ester Kaganskaya (1911-?)
Khiva Kaganskaya (1914-?)
Jenia Kaganskaya (1915)
Yakov Kagansky (1903-1985)
Oma Kagansky (1925-?)
Malka Kaganskaya (1900-?)
Moisej Kagansky (?-1933)
Machl Kaganskaya (1904-1979)
Etya Kaganskaya (1906-1941)
Fruma Kaganskaya (1908-1924)
Naftula Kagansky (?-1941)
Riva Kaganskaya (?-?)
Avram Kagansky (1914-1983)
Faina Kaganskaya (1920-?)
Gregory Kagansky (?-?)
Rachil Kaganskaya (1911-1941)
Rebekka Kaganskaya (1909-1941)
Genya Kaganskaya (1913-?)
Srul Kagansky (1883-1942)
Feiga Kaganskaya (?-1942)
Raisa Kaganskaya (1911 -?)
Evgeniya Kaganskaya (1914-?)
Moisei Kagansky (1917-?)
Yakov Kagansky (1916-?)
Our ancestors Kagansky and their business in Radomysl
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname Name, patronymic Years of Residence Place of residence Place of work Service status
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Moisei (Moshko) Srulievich (1880-1947) Trading Sq. Leather factory director
(near the synagogue) Sukharka
Meer Srulievich (1870-1919) Leather factory employee
Sukharka
Kagansky Yakov Meerovich (1903-1985) Leather factory artisan Sukharka
Chaya Feiga Tevel is tannery. factory Leather factory
Sukharka
Yos-Leib Leather factory owner
Lutovka
Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (1902-? ) Children's home director
Radomysl
Chava Berkovna grocers store seller
Yankel Volkovich (1849-?) M. Chernobylskaya grocery store owner
house Kaganovskogo, apt. 1a merchant
Michel Moshkovich (~ 1840-?) shop of the factory merchant
Naphtula tannery leather supplier
Brocha Kaganskaya (Kislik) . (? -1945) leather factory
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname Name, patronymic Years of Residence Place of residence Place of work Service status
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Moisei (Moshko) Srulievich (1880-1947) Trading Sq. Leather factory director
(near the synagogue) Sukharka
Meer Srulievich (1870-1919) Leather factory employee
Sukharka
Kagansky Yakov Meerovich (1903-1985) Leather factory artisan Sukharka
Chaya Feiga Tevel is tannery. factory Leather factory
Sukharka
Yos-Leib Leather factory owner
Lutovka
Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (1902-? ) Children's home director
Radomysl
Chava Berkovna grocers store seller
Yankel Volkovich (1849-?) M. Chernobylskaya grocery store owner
house Kaganovskogo, apt. 1a merchant
Michel Moshkovich (~ 1840-?) shop of the factory merchant
Naphtula tannery leather supplier
Brocha Kaganskaya (Kislik) . (? -1945) leather factory
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jewish male names of our ancestors of Kagansky
Kagansky Years of Birth
Abram (Avram, Abramko) 1775, 1788, 1914
Avrum 1788, 1830, 1887
Aren 1895
Benya ?
Bert 1823
Boruch 1850
Vilya 1932
Volko (Volka) 1806, 1818, 1834, 1912
Volf 1901
German 1910
Gersh (Iorsh, Gershka) 1791, 1793, 1821, 1829, 1830, 1846, 1857
Zus 1886
Izrail 1845
Ilya ~1840
Iosif 1906
Ios 1803, 1847
Iol 1840
Isai (Isar) 1796
Itcko 1785, 1836, 1888
Kalman 1828
Leiba (Leib) 1804, ?, 1847
Lemel 1803, 1819
Leonid 1917
Meer 1835, 1870
Menashka 1850
Meur 1835
Michel (Michail) 1840, 1923
Moisei 1880, 1897, 1917
Mordechai (Mark, Morka) 1830, ~1880
Moshko 1750, 1787, 1801, 1816, 1820, 1830, 1846
Naftula 1887, ?
Nuchim 1874
Ovsey 1905
Oma 1915
Peisach 1832
Spra ~1720
Srul 1883
Fishel 1793
Chaim 1816, 1848
Tscveri 1804
Shloma ~1720
Shmul 1789, 1881, 1888
Eilo (El, Iol) ~1740, 1766, 1802, 1812, 1840
Yankel (Yakov) 1720, 1766, 1770, 1847, 1849, 1870, 1876, 1903, 1916
As follows from this list:
- the most often in the clan of the Kagansky, there were the names of Yankel (Yakov), Hersh and Moshko;
- research period: 1720 -1923;
- the most ancient name: Yankel, Shloma, Spra in 1720;
- there are 45 names in the list, of which 28 names are found once; 17 names passed by inheritance, as was customary among the Jews.
Kagansky Years of Birth
Abram (Avram, Abramko) 1775, 1788, 1914
Avrum 1788, 1830, 1887
Aren 1895
Benya ?
Bert 1823
Boruch 1850
Vilya 1932
Volko (Volka) 1806, 1818, 1834, 1912
Volf 1901
German 1910
Gersh (Iorsh, Gershka) 1791, 1793, 1821, 1829, 1830, 1846, 1857
Zus 1886
Izrail 1845
Ilya ~1840
Iosif 1906
Ios 1803, 1847
Iol 1840
Isai (Isar) 1796
Itcko 1785, 1836, 1888
Kalman 1828
Leiba (Leib) 1804, ?, 1847
Lemel 1803, 1819
Leonid 1917
Meer 1835, 1870
Menashka 1850
Meur 1835
Michel (Michail) 1840, 1923
Moisei 1880, 1897, 1917
Mordechai (Mark, Morka) 1830, ~1880
Moshko 1750, 1787, 1801, 1816, 1820, 1830, 1846
Naftula 1887, ?
Nuchim 1874
Ovsey 1905
Oma 1915
Peisach 1832
Spra ~1720
Srul 1883
Fishel 1793
Chaim 1816, 1848
Tscveri 1804
Shloma ~1720
Shmul 1789, 1881, 1888
Eilo (El, Iol) ~1740, 1766, 1802, 1812, 1840
Yankel (Yakov) 1720, 1766, 1770, 1847, 1849, 1870, 1876, 1903, 1916
As follows from this list:
- the most often in the clan of the Kagansky, there were the names of Yankel (Yakov), Hersh and Moshko;
- research period: 1720 -1923;
- the most ancient name: Yankel, Shloma, Spra in 1720;
- there are 45 names in the list, of which 28 names are found once; 17 names passed by inheritance, as was customary among the Jews.
PLACES OF ACCOMMODATION OF KAGANSKY
in the late 18 century - the beginning of the 20th century
Malin
Radomysl
Kiev
Korostishev
Rzhyschev
Brusilov
vil. Lutovka, Kichkivovsk reg., Radomysl district
Derbent
Freidorf
Tashkent
Palestine
in the late 18 century - the beginning of the 20th century
Malin
Radomysl
Kiev
Korostishev
Rzhyschev
Brusilov
vil. Lutovka, Kichkivovsk reg., Radomysl district
Derbent
Freidorf
Tashkent
Palestine
The tragic fate of Jews in Russia and the USSR touched the family of Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky:
- The - Itsko Maloratsky was drafted into recruits (cantonists) in 1831; Zaltsman (great-great-grandfather Misha Shauli), born in the Rosins family, was a cantonist;
- During the Civil War, two sons of Tsipa Kaganovskaya (Kaganskaya) were killed;
- During the Jewish pogrom of 1919, organized by the Sokolovsky gang in Radomysl, Meer Kagansky was brutally murdered;
- Tsipa Kaganskaya, her husband Leib Kaganovsky and their five sons fell ill with typhus and were burned in Brusilov in 1919 in their hut (Germans, Poles or Petlyura?) who thus fought the typhus epidemic;
- During the SWW, German Maloratsky (on the Bryansk front in 1941), Moisei Kagansky (1942), Ovsey Kaganovsky (1944), Fanya Spivak (daughter of Mariam Spivak-Kaganskaya) in the city of Stalingrad, died at the airport in 1942;
- During the Nazi occupation in Baby Yar (Kiev) were shot: Jacob, Ettle, Rachel, Rebecca, Brocha Kagansky;
- Naftula, Riva and Grisha Kagansky were killed by the Nazis in 1941 in the village of Freidorf.
A portrait gallery of three generations of the Kagansky family *):
Translation:
Chana Tsipa Yakov Mariam Meer Pesya Moisey
Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kagansky Kaganskaya Kagansky Kagansky Kagansky
German Ovsey Iosif Genya Rebekka Machl Naftula Faina Etel Yakov Oma Paya Maria Ester Genia Chiva
Maloratsky Kaganovsky Kagansky Spivak Kagansky Kagansky
Leo Vladimir Svetlana Ilya Michail Avram Faina Iosif Arnold Maya Ella Larisa Edna Ore Dvora Neomi Ruf Daniela
Maloratsky Kaganovsky Kats Kagansky Kholodenko Kaganskaya Safanova Chlenova
Chana Tsipa Yakov Mariam Meer Pesya Moisey
Kaganskaya Kaganskaya Kagansky Kaganskaya Kagansky Kagansky Kagansky
German Ovsey Iosif Genya Rebekka Machl Naftula Faina Etel Yakov Oma Paya Maria Ester Genia Chiva
Maloratsky Kaganovsky Kagansky Spivak Kagansky Kagansky
Leo Vladimir Svetlana Ilya Michail Avram Faina Iosif Arnold Maya Ella Larisa Edna Ore Dvora Neomi Ruf Daniela
Maloratsky Kaganovsky Kats Kagansky Kholodenko Kaganskaya Safanova Chlenova
*) All the children of Chana Kaganskaya are represented in the portrait diagram of the Maloratsky family
8. Sagalov family
Тhe genus Maloratsky joined the Sagalov family:
two sister sisters Sofya and Klara Maloratsky married brothers Marcus and Abram Sagalov
(see Part 2 of this Chapter)
The Sagalov family
Diagram of the Sagalov family, prepared by Ilya Goldfarb:
In this diagram, you can see that in the 5th generation in the Radomysl the branches of the Sagalov and the Zakon came together: the couple of Feiga Sagalova and Joseph Zakon.
Yos Sagalov (1789 - after 1850), merchant of the 2nd guild*), his wife - Ita Chaimovna (1790 - after 1850) - merchant. They had sons Haskel, Ovsay and Avrum;
Abram Saghalov (1826 -18 ??) and his wife - Riva Gertsovna (1827 -18 ??). They were owners of a tavern in Radomysl in the late 19th century. And they had a son, Joseph. (See below "All of Russia in 1985);
Joseph Abramovich Sagalov (186? -19?), Their son, was a member of the middle-class government of Radomysl;
Ovsey Sagalov after (1811-1848), merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna (1820-18) was a merchant. They had sons Morduch, Hershka and Haskel, and the daughters of Sura and Brucha;
Chatsk (Chaskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843-18) was the owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolka, near Kiev (see "All Russia in 1985");
Hershka Ovseevich Sagalov (1835 -18?), was the owner of a tannery in Radomysl (production volume of 1200 pairs);
Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov (1833-?). He had a son, Joseph;
Yosif Morduchovich Sagalov (187? - until 1941), engaged in haberdashery and the production of hats for women **) in the early 20th century in Radomysl;
Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov had four sons: Marcus (Morduch), Abram, Herman and Jacob;
Marcus (Morduch) Sagalov (1892-1957)), the wife of Sonia (Sarah) Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1897-1974), Marcus was a foreman in the construction industry;
Abram Sagalov (1898-1980) wife of Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1899-1982), Abram was an accountant;
German Sagalov (?-1919), wife of Fira Sagalova, Herman was an accountant;
Yakov Sagalov, wife of Bethya Sagalova;
Jacob was a lawyer And five daughters: Yunya, Zhenya, Fanya, Rosa and Babsya Yunya Gorelovskaya (Sagalova);
Zhenya Chudnovskaya (Sagalova), the husband of Musya Chudnovsky;
Fanya Braginskaya (Sagalova), her husband Lev Braginsky;
Rosa (Sagalova);
Babsya (Sagalova), husband Herman.
*) Merchants of the first guild could conduct foreign trade, own ships, and had the right of free movement around the country - the so-called "passport privilege". Merchants of the second guild could own river vessels. In addition, merchants of the first and second guilds could own factories and factories, were exempt from corporal punishment and from recruitment. Merchants of the third guild could lead petty trade, keep taverns and inns, engage in craft.
**) Fur and cap crafts were common among Jews because the climatic conditions in Poland contributed to these occupations.
**) Fur and cap crafts were common among Jews because the climatic conditions in Poland contributed to these occupations.
Is there a connection between the Sagalov from the city of Fastov in the Kiev province and Shagal (relatives of the artist M. Shagal) from the town of Babinovichi in the Mogilev province? (message from Ilya Goldfarb):
"Most recently I came to the site with the pedigree of the famous artist Marc Chagall, and what struck me is the names of his relatives." That's what I noticed: In the family tree of Marc Chagall in the late 19th century, find the following names: Yosel, David, Haskell, Zus (Zis), Leib, Guirshka, Moshko (Moshe), Yankel, Abram, Aaron, Isak. There is even the name Shagalov. And in the family tree of Sagalov from Fastov there are practically the same names: Yos, Duvid, Haskel, Zus, Leib, Hershka, Moshko, Yankel, Avrum, Aaron, Itsko. It should be emphasized that some of them are rather rare names (Haskel, Zus, etc.). Given the Jewish tradition of calling their children names of ancestors, in any other case, I would conclude that this relationship exists. For example: Chagall (Shagalov) Joseph (Iosler, Yosel) Abramovich. He was born around 1862 (1876). According to the documents of 1923, 1924 and 1926, he lived in the m. Liozno: in January 1923 - in Novaya Sloboda, in 1924 - on the street. The garden. In the years 1923-1926, Shagal I.A. Had its own plot of land (about 230 square meters under the manor and 455 square meters under the garden), one cow, was engaged in trade. The name of Shagal I.A. Is included in the list of members of the community who visit the Liozno Novo-Slobodsky synagogue (GAVO, file 104, item 2, d. 15, sheet 1186, item 118, item 4, d. 43, sheet 245; 123, op.1, d1214, v. 79 ob.-80, 170 v., P. 449, item 1, house 683, sheet 57 vol., File 1231, item 1, d 34, L 51 V-52).
http://chagal-vitebsk.com/?q=node/321
In this Joseph Abramovich father Abram was to be born around 1835, and according to the information given below, it is known that in 1856 a family was transferred from Fastov to ... (the note is illegible) ... "Moshka Meerovich Sagalov has only 5 men and 5 women of the sex of the souls ... ", among whom was Abram, (b:1835). The same Joseph Abramovich had a son, Moisei Abramovich, probably wore the name of his grandfather Moshka Meerovich Sagalov. Another example: Uncle Mark Chagall - Zusia Davidovich Chagall (b:1868), had the son of Yakov (b:1895), and in the time of Zusya Sagalov (b:1760 from Fastov) had the father of Yankel (b: around 1730). Mark (Moishe) Chagall's father's name was Haskell, and Haskel Sagalov's (b:1757 from Fastov) grandson and great-grandson bore the name Moshko. "
Archival documents concerning the Sagalov:
Buying a fortress from 16.09.1850. To the tannery in Radomysl, sold by the philistine Vilensky L.G. Children Merchant Sagalov O., Morduch, Hershko and Haskel Sagalov. Found by Oleg Sagalov Buying a fortress from 16.09.1850. Fund 486 Inventory 1 Case 11979 L. 10. The text was reprinted by Ilya Goldfarb.
Archival documents concerning the Sagalovs:
Buying a fortress:
"Year of the Thousand Eight Hundred and Fiftth Month of September in the 16th day;
Radomyselsky tradesman Haim Shepshel Leyzorovich Gomel Vilna sold to underage children Radomysl 3rd Guild Merchants son Ovsey Sagalov, Morduch, Hershko and Haskell Sagalov, own a tannery factory with belonging to that meter houses and other outbuildings, as well as a reservoir convenient for the construction of a mill and ground, means listed in the length of 120 and a maximum width of 48 fathoms consisting Radomysl county town in the area on one side the river Mika, the other lanes reaching past the barracks and the home team invalidskoy official's Goncharova, third Bathhouse of invalidskoy the same team and with the fourth ground of heirs of the deceased Andrey Uninchenka tradesman. The Skin Factory was inherited to me after the parent of my Leiser Gomelsky Vilensky to him for a purchase from a public auction in 1826, according to a civil court issued by the Kiev Chamber of Justice on November 12, 1826, No. 190. And the essence of the seller is Gomelsky Vilensky, from the Sagalovs' bidders for the above-mentioned Leather Plant with houses, adjoining pond and land money with state silver coin Eight hundred and fifty rubles.
At the gate the ancestral plant is marked, not sold to anyone, not borrowed from anyone, not fortified in any fortresses, and does not constitute a sub-fortress. And if there is no one who will join, I will have the seller and heirs with me, to clear the Sagalov's bidders from such interlocutors and responsible fortresses by decree, and they will not be able to incur any losses, he is essentially to the contractual part.360 of volume 5. zak. we are declared.
This writing was written by the serfs Ippolit Dalinsky, a sergeant, there are no prohibitions. The superintendent of Kosrotsky ... "
The map of Radomysl in 1867, where the location of the Sagalov brothers' plant is noted.
Thanks to the research of Oleg Sagalov and Ilya Goldfarb, it was possible to establish that our ancestors along the line of the Sagalov were merchants.
"Revizsky tales of 1850 in the Kiev province of Radomysl"
"Revizsky tales of 1850 in the Kiev province of Radomysl"
Information found by Oleg Sagalov in the Kiev regional archives. - Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 1000
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 pages:
Revizsky tales of merchants, philistines and Jews of Radomysl district. 1850 871 pages:
Iosif Abramovich Sagalov
The father of Iosif Abramovich Sagalov - Abram Iosifovich Saghalov and his wife were owners of a tavern in Radomysl at the end 19th century; Source: http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=274 "All of Russia for 1899": restaurants, buffets, taverns SAGALOV Avr. Ios., in Radomysl.
His son Iosif named Abram in honor of the grandfather of the newborn (as was customary among the Jews).
Abram Iosifovich Sagalov (1826 -18? ) and his wife - Riva Gertsovna (1827 -18 ??). They were owners of a tavern in Radomysl in the late 19th century. And they had a son, Iosif.
Sagalov Iosif Abramovich, member of the philistine government *) - the uncle of the Sagalov brothers, two of whom Abram and Markus were married to the sisters Clara and Sophia Maloratsky. One of the sons of Iosif Sagalov - Morduch Sagalov (see below), received the name of his deceased grandfather, as was customary among the Jews. Four Sagalov brothers: Abram is an accountant, Markus (Morduh) - foreman in construction, German accountant, Jacob - lawyer Our ancestors, for sure, studied in this Radomysl two-year state Jewish school **) (see photo and comments above). **) Radomysl two-year state Jewish school. Head - Avram Borisovich Krivoglaz. Teachers: Naum Solomonovich Feinberg, Abram Grigorevich Eidenzon, Mark Aronovich Zabyalotsky, Efim Osipovich Labunsky, Isaak Naftulovich Gorenshtein, Andrei Pavlovich Grishchenko. The doctor is Kasyan Lazarevich Zweifel. Our ancestors could be treated in this Jewish hospital |
The arrival and stay of the Kiev Governor of the Chief of Staff Nikolai Ioasafovich Sukovkin was reported by the county newspaper Radomyslianin No. 54, May 1914 (National Historical Library of St. Petersburg). "... Having received the report of the named persons, and bypassing all the office rooms, welcomed by all the staff of the staff, Mr. Governor proceeded to the philistine board, where he received a report and reports from the elder MM Chubenko and the member of the administration
I.Sagalov ... " |
http://www.radomyshl.com/news/2152-aleksandr-pirogov-uezdnyy-gorod-radomysl-kievskoy-gubernii-nachala-hh-veka.html
In the photo: The county government built in 1906. Since 1928 the city hospital has been up to now. Uyezd Zemstvo Board. Chairman of the Board - Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich-Barsky. Members: Konstantin Molchanovsky, Pavel Vasilievich Ulsky, Andrei Ivanovich Rebrik; Secretary Ivan Ivanovich Pavlovsky, zemsky engineer Stanislav Mikhaylovich Mikhailo, agronomist Viktor Nikolaevich Veselozerov. Radomyslskaya city duma. Vowels: Moshko Abramovich Averbukh, Vasily Grigorovich Bogdanov, Grigory Titovich Boychenko, Roman Romanovich Verzhbitsky, Nikita Ivanovich Voitsekhovsky, Grigory Nikodimovich Garbarev, Terenty Andreevich Grebelnikov, Feodosiy Konstantinovich Grintsevich, Yosif Ivanovich Ignatyuk, Fedor Dmitrievich Kosyuk, Adam Viktorovich Kulchitsky, Semyon Vasilyevich Los, Yosif Jotsifovich Martsuk, Lev Petrovich Murashko, Trofim Stepanovich Parkhomenko, Vasily Romanovich Podkovinsky, Makari Antonovich Rovinsky, Andrei Mikhailovich Chubenko. Meshchanskaya council. Chairman - Mitrofan Mikhailovich Chubenko. Members: Iosif Abramovich Sagalov, Grigory Stepanovich Levchenko. |
Who is our relative: Iosif Abramovich Sagalov or (and) Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov?
Message of Ilya Goldfarb (grandson of Markus Sagalov): "... I did another search in my sources and found something interesting that could help in choosing my great-grandfather between Iosif Morduchovich and Iosif Abramovich." Abram Iosifovich Sagalov was recorded by the owner of the tavern in Radomysl in the publication "All Russia for 1899". Our Abram was born in 1898 and he could not be named in his honor. That is, it is obtained from two Iosifs - Iosif Morduchovich was probably my great-grandfather. This version that two families of Sagalov lived in Radomysl (the family of Abram Saghalov and Morduch Sagalov's family) easily explains the fact that when all our Sagalovs left Radomysl before 1941 the Sagalovs from another family stayed in Radomysl and were shot by fascists "( See the following execution list):
http://wiki.iteach.ru/images/http://holocaust-ukraine.net/res/custom/files/scientific_literature/3_4_Kruglov_Hronika.pdf
1941
7th August 14 Av 5701 Thursday In Radomysl (Zhitomir region) detachment Sonderkommando 4a shot 110 Jews.
12th August 19th Av 5701 Tuesday. Around this date, a detachment of Sonderkommando 4a shot another 160 ev- Ray in Radomysle (Zhitomir region).
On September 6, 1941, after the shooting of more than 1.1 thousand adult Jews in Radomysl, the Einsatzgruppen of the Ukrainian police was instructed to destroy 561 children. During the period of the German-fascist occupation of the city, the Jews who remained in Radomysl were exterminated by the invaders. In August 1941, about 1,500 Jews were shot in the tract near the Kuzmich farm and in the ravine near the river Cherchi. Apparently all failed to establish. In the register made after the war by the city council, only the names of the heads of executed families are listed, and against the names - the number of those shot from the family (see this list).
Common grave of children - victims of fascism Country Ukraine Location Radomysl, Radomysl district, Zhitomir region Project author Construction Established on 05/09/2009. At the edge of the forest there is a mass grave of children shot by Nazis in 1941. The site is fenced, in the center of the plot there are two commemorative plates - an old one with a generalized inscription and a new inscription with a clarifying inscription. Near the gate there is an inscription about the participants of works on putting the order on the grave in 2009. Old inscription: "To the victims of fascism" New inscription (2009): "561 children who were brutally executed by fascists in 1941 were buried here"
http://wiki.iteach.ru/images/d/d9/%
Lists of victims of the Holocaust in Radomysl: # 339 Sagalov - 2 people, lived on Karl Liebknecht street; # 344 Sagalov - 4 people, lived on the street Red Square.
1941
7th August 14 Av 5701 Thursday In Radomysl (Zhitomir region) detachment Sonderkommando 4a shot 110 Jews.
12th August 19th Av 5701 Tuesday. Around this date, a detachment of Sonderkommando 4a shot another 160 ev- Ray in Radomysle (Zhitomir region).
On September 6, 1941, after the shooting of more than 1.1 thousand adult Jews in Radomysl, the Einsatzgruppen of the Ukrainian police was instructed to destroy 561 children. During the period of the German-fascist occupation of the city, the Jews who remained in Radomysl were exterminated by the invaders. In August 1941, about 1,500 Jews were shot in the tract near the Kuzmich farm and in the ravine near the river Cherchi. Apparently all failed to establish. In the register made after the war by the city council, only the names of the heads of executed families are listed, and against the names - the number of those shot from the family (see this list).
Common grave of children - victims of fascism Country Ukraine Location Radomysl, Radomysl district, Zhitomir region Project author Construction Established on 05/09/2009. At the edge of the forest there is a mass grave of children shot by Nazis in 1941. The site is fenced, in the center of the plot there are two commemorative plates - an old one with a generalized inscription and a new inscription with a clarifying inscription. Near the gate there is an inscription about the participants of works on putting the order on the grave in 2009. Old inscription: "To the victims of fascism" New inscription (2009): "561 children who were brutally executed by fascists in 1941 were buried here"
http://wiki.iteach.ru/images/d/d9/%
Lists of victims of the Holocaust in Radomysl: # 339 Sagalov - 2 people, lived on Karl Liebknecht street; # 344 Sagalov - 4 people, lived on the street Red Square.
A modest monument to 561 shot children in Radomysl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UfeiI97bYZg Doctor Komendant, head of the Bible Society of Ukraine, an outstanding man and a humanist, erected a monument over the bones of brutally murdered children. Boris Grisenko *) spoke (see the film on this site) at the opening of the monument to 561 children, shot in Radomysle during the war years. *) First husband of Faina Miroshnik, father of Misha Shauli - Saul Zaltsman (b:1915, Chernigov, since: 2008, Israel) (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 2) - father (second marriage) of Boris Grisenko (the senior rabbi of the Kiev messianic community KEMO, b:1957 in Kiev). |
Thanks to the research of Oleg Sagalov and Ilya Goldfarb, it was possible to establish that Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov was the nephew of Iosif Abramovich Sagalov (see the diagram below and the Revizsky tales of 1850).
Yos Sagalov (1789 after 1850), merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Ita Chaimovna (1790-after 1850) - merchant. They had sons Haskell, Ovsey and Avrum (Abram): Abram Saghalov (1826-18?) and his wife Riva Gertsovna (1827-18?) owned the inn in Radomysl at the end of the 19th century. Abram and Riva had a son, Iosif Abramovich Sagalov, who was a member of the philistine council of Radomysl; Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811-1848), merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna (1820-18 ??) - merchant. They had sons Mordukh, Hershka and Haskell, and the daughter of Sura and Brucha: Chatsk (Chaskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843-18 ??) was the owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolka, near Kiev. Hershka Ovseevich Sagalov (1835-18 ??) was the owner of a tannery in the town of Radomysl (production volume of 1200 pcs.). Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov (1833-18 ??), he had a son, Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov (187? - until 1941), who worked in haberdashery and the production of hats for women in the early 20th century.
Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov had four sons - Markus (Morduch), Abram, Herman and Jacob: Markus (Morduch) Sagalov (1892-1957), his wife Sonia (Sarah) Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1897-1974), Marcus was a foreman in construction; Abram Sagalov (1898-1980), his wife Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1899-1982), Abram was an accountant; German Sagalov, his wife Fira Sagalova, German was an accountant; Yakov Sagalov, his wife Bethya Sagalova, Yakov was a lawyer. Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov had five daughters: Yunia (her husband of Gorelovsky), Zhenya (her husband of Musya Chudnovsky), Fanya (her husband of Lev Braginsky), Rosa and Babsya (her husband of German)
Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov had four sons - Markus (Morduch), Abram, Herman and Jacob: Markus (Morduch) Sagalov (1892-1957), his wife Sonia (Sarah) Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1897-1974), Marcus was a foreman in construction; Abram Sagalov (1898-1980), his wife Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya) (1899-1982), Abram was an accountant; German Sagalov, his wife Fira Sagalova, German was an accountant; Yakov Sagalov, his wife Bethya Sagalova, Yakov was a lawyer. Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov had five daughters: Yunia (her husband of Gorelovsky), Zhenya (her husband of Musya Chudnovsky), Fanya (her husband of Lev Braginsky), Rosa and Babsya (her husband of German)
Sagalov Abram (Abram) Iosifovich, owner of a tavern in Radomysl
Sagalov Hershka Ovseevich the owner of a tannery in Radomysl (production volume of 1200 pairs)
|
Sagalov Chatskel Evseevich (Ovseevich), owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolka, Oster County, near Kiev.
Source: "All of Russia for 1895" |
Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov
The above-mentioned business catalog of Radomysl indicates that Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov was engaged in fancy goods and production of hats for women in Radomysl: Radomysl. Business catalog 1913, Haberdasheries: Sagalov Iosif Morduch Hats and caps: Sagalov Iosif Mordko (for women) The above-mentioned business catalog of Radomysl indicates that Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov was engaged in fancy goods and production of hats for women in Radomysl: Radomysl. Business catalog 1913 Haberdasheries: Sagalov Iosif Morduch Hats and caps: Sagalov Iosif Mordko (for women) |
Our ancestors Sagalov and their business in Radomysl
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Surname Name, patronymic Years of Residence Place of residence Place of work Service status
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Iosif Abramovich Meshanskaya Adm. member of the Mash. Adm.
Sagalov in Radomysl
Prisutstvennaya str.
Iosif Morduchovich (1867-1943) Trading Sq. Ladies Workshop
Rusanovskaya str. of hats
Morduch Ovseevich (1833-1897) leather factory owner
Haskel Ovseevich (1843-?) leather factory owner
Hershka Ovseevich (1835-?) lather factory owner
Abram Iosifovich (1826 -?) inn owner
Ita Chaimovna (1827 -?) the same inn co-owner
Morduch Ovseevich (1833-?) inn owner
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Society for the Distribution of Education between Jews in Russia (St. Petersburg). Kiev branch.
- Report of the Kiev branch of the Society for the Spread of Education between Jews in Russia ... - Kiev, 1906. An account of the donations collected by the Department for Higher Education to assist inadequate Jewish students in Kiev. - 1907. 27 p. - Report of the Kiev branch of the Society for the Distribution of Education between Jews in Russia ... - Kiev, 1907-1910. - 26 pages. An account of the donations collected by the Department for Higher Education to assist inadequate Jewish students in Kiev. - 1908. - 32 p. http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01003985420#?page=19 Charity gmilus hasodim is one of the main precepts of the Jewish religion. |
Kiev. Lists of those who voted at the Provincial Duma elections (database)
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts (districts) the Kiev province.
In this table (found by Ilya Goldfarb) Iosif Mordukhovich Sagalov appears (187? - until 1941) - Ilya Goldfarb's great-grandfather, as well as brothers Haskel, Joseph and Ovsey sons of Avrum Sagalov, brother of Ovsey Sagalov - great-great-great-grandfather Ilya Goldfarb. In Radomysl, as follows from the above table, Ovsey Avrumovich Sagalov had the right to vote in the Kiev gubernia Duma, since he had not small real estate estimated at 1000 rubles *). The number of Radomysl voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was 2037 people.
"Qualification" -Qualification: qualification for inclusion in the voters list of the Kiev gubernia Duma: "Apt.tax" in Joseph Morduchovich means "Apartment tax". The real estate of Iosif Abramovich is estimated at 100 rubles.
*) For the suffrage (in the form of a personal right to participate in an electoral congress) in the 2nd urban curia was required at least a year before the elections in the same city (for choice): for cities of provincial, regional, with city governors and with a population of at least 20 thousand people to own real estate at a cost of not less than 1000 rubles, in other places - at least 300 rubles. http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/ (apparently, in Radomysl with a population of less than 20 thousand people in 1906/1907, when elections were held, the property qualification was slightly lower). The number of Radomyshl voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was 2037 people. Proceeding from the general list, it turned out that more than 50% of the voters listed were Jewish, which testifies to the large number of Jews living and working in the province. The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, tax, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria.
http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/KievDuma.htm
*) Ovsey Sagalov after 1811- 1848, merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna 1820-18 ?? - The merchant. They had sons Morduch, Hershka and Haskel, and the daughters of Sura and Brucha; Hatsk (Haskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843-18 ??) was the owner of a haberdashery store in the metropolitan of Semipolka, near Kiev.
"Qualification" -Qualification: qualification for inclusion in the voters list of the Kiev gubernia Duma: "Apt.tax" in Joseph Morduchovich means "Apartment tax". The real estate of Iosif Abramovich is estimated at 100 rubles.
*) For the suffrage (in the form of a personal right to participate in an electoral congress) in the 2nd urban curia was required at least a year before the elections in the same city (for choice): for cities of provincial, regional, with city governors and with a population of at least 20 thousand people to own real estate at a cost of not less than 1000 rubles, in other places - at least 300 rubles. http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/ (apparently, in Radomysl with a population of less than 20 thousand people in 1906/1907, when elections were held, the property qualification was slightly lower). The number of Radomyshl voters in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was 2037 people. Proceeding from the general list, it turned out that more than 50% of the voters listed were Jewish, which testifies to the large number of Jews living and working in the province. The admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, tax, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria.
http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/KievDuma.htm
*) Ovsey Sagalov after 1811- 1848, merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna 1820-18 ?? - The merchant. They had sons Morduch, Hershka and Haskel, and the daughters of Sura and Brucha; Hatsk (Haskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843-18 ??) was the owner of a haberdashery store in the metropolitan of Semipolka, near Kiev.
There were nine children of Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov:
Four sons:
Markus (Morduch) Sagalov (1892-1957). Marcus was a construction superintendent. Markus (Morduch) Sagalov (see Part 2 of Chapter 1), received the name of his deceased grandfather, as was customary among the Jews (see the above-mentioned tree of the Sagalovs).
Abram Sagalov (1898-1980). Abram was an accountant. Abram received the name of his great-great-uncle (see the above-mentioned tree of Sagalov).
German Sagalov (189? -19 ??). German was an accountant.
Yakov Sagalov (19 ?? - 19 ??). Yakov was a lawyer.
Five daughters:
Yunya Sagalova (Gorelovskaya) (1895-1982).
Zhenya Sagalova (Chudnovskaya) (19 ?? - 19 ??).
Fanya Sagalova (19 ?? - 19 ??).
Rosa Sagalova (19 ?? - 19 ??).
Babsya Sagalova (19 ?? - 19 ??).
http://sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com/
In this photo there are no children of Iosif Sagalov: the sons of Markus, German, Jacob and the daughters of Fanya and Yunya.
Yunya Sagalova
Yunya Gorilovskaya (Sagalova) 1895-1982 гг.
David Gorilovsky 189? -1953
Yunya Gorilovskaya (Sagalova) with her son Isaac
Isaac and Chanya (on right), 1929
Chanya Gorilovskaya
Far from the right sits Chanya Gorilovskaya, second from the right is Bova Sagalov, the third is Slava Sagalov, the extreme left is Isaac Gorilovsky.
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Family Gorilovsky, 1925. From the right to the left sit David, Chanya, younger brother of David, stands Yunya Gorilovskaya (Sagalova)
Brief biographical note: Yunya Sagalova married David Gorilovsky and they had two daughters and one son. One of the daughters died when she was only 3 years old. She fell down and died of complications. David Gorilovsky died on March 1, 1953. His son's name was Isaak, born in 1920 in Radomysl, was killed (killed) during the war.
One of the daughters was called Hanya (Anya), was born in 1923 in Radomysl, died 1985 in Kiev; she married Benson Shmul-Michel Burstein and they had a daughter, Dean. Dina married Semeon Abramovich Bronstein in 1973. They had two children: daughter Anna, in 1974 in Kiev, and son Yuri, in 1984 in Kiev. In 1995 Anna Bronstein married Jason Langford in the city of Louisville, USA. They had a son, Samuel Andrew Langford. According to the memoirs of Oleg Sagalov, Yunya lived on Turgenevskaya Street with her daughter and granddaughter. From the memoirs of Dina Burstein:
"... When the Germans began to advance, Grandmother Yunya and Mom were in Kiev and when they heard the explosions, they managed to get on the train and return to Radomysl. And when they began to shoot close near Radomysl, grandmother Yunya took a horse and put her daughter on the cart, her husband And went to the railway station. Many of them shouted: you need to get rid of the commies and get out of here, and normal people will come, we will live as before the revolution, and my grandmother was afraid: the young daughter, the son in the army and the communist husband, they understood they could kill, Yunya drove the horse like crazy. Years there was kept a receipt about putting the horse in storage at the railway station. ... Mama (Chania Gorilovskaya) told me that they were living in the evacuation in the village of Vrevsky, where the Polish military were also stationed, my mother worked at a bakery and syrup (crust), which fell off bread, they were allowed to eat pripek, it was considered a big advantage. Nearby there was a sparkling water plant, so they changed this bun for drinks, it was the only food, plus peaches, apricots and other fruits grew in the village. My grandmother (Yunya Gorilovskaya (Sagalova)) was in hospital for two years - she was sick with typhus, she had a sore, abdominal and recurrent, she told me that she was in the hospital all the war, did not work, and immediately after the war she came to Kiev ... " Evacuation of 1941-1944. Working bakery in Village Vrevsky, Chanya Gorilovskaya is in the third row third from the right
Chanya Burnstein (Gorilovskaya) at her workplace in the children's district hospital (Brovary, near Kiev), where she worked for 35 years.
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This photo was sent by Isaac Gorilovsky (son of Yunya Sagalova) to his cousin Bova Sagalov:
Our ancestors Sagalov from Radomysl
Yos Sagalov (1789 - after 1850) - merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Ita Chaimovna (1790 - after 1850) - merchant. They had sons Haskell, Ovsay and Avrum.
Abram Saghalov (1826 -18 ??) and his wife - Riva Gertsovna (1827 -18 ??). They were owners of a tavern in Radomysl in the late 19th century, they had a son, Iosif.
Iosif Abramovich Sagalov (186? -19?), Their son, was a member of the middle-class government of Radomysl.
Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811 - 1848) - merchant of the second guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna (1820 - 18 ??) - merchant. They had sons Morduch, Hershka and Haskel and the daughters of Sura and Brucha.
Khatsk (Haskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843 - 18 ??) was the owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolka, near Kiev.
Hershka Ovseevich Sagalov (1835 - 18 ??.) Was the owner of a tannery in the town of Radomysl (production volume of 1200 pairs).
Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov (1833 - 18 ??), He had a son, Iosif Morduchovich.
Iosif Mordukhovich Sagalov (187-1912 - until 1941) was engaged in haberdashery and the production of hats for women in the early 20th century. Iosif Mordukhovich Sagalov had four sons: Markus (Morduch), Abram, German, Yakov and five daughters: Yunya, Zhenya, Fanya, Rosa and Babsya.
their children:
Markus (Morduch) SAGALOV (1892-1957)
Abram Sagalov (1898 - 1980)
German Sagalov (189-1915)
Yakov Sagalov (19? - 19?)
Yunya Gorilovskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Zhenya Chudnovskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Fanya Braginskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Rosa (SAGALOVA) (19 ??. - 19 ??)
Babsya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Their husbands and wives:
Fira SAGALOVA (18th year - 19 ??)
Bethya SAGALOVA (19 ?? - 19 ??)
GORILOVSKY (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Musya CHUDNOVSKY (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Lev BRAGINSKY (19? - 19?)
Husband of Rosa Sagalova (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Husband Babsi Sagalova - German (19 ??. - 19 ??)
Mark SAGALOV b:1892
Abram SAGALOV b:1898
Their grandchildren:
Bova SAGALOV (son of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1921
Fanya SAGALOVA (daughter of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1923
Ella SAGALOVA (daughter of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1926
Slava (Izyaslav) SAGALOV (son of Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1925
Maya SAGALOVA b:1928
Inna SAGALOVA
Grinya CHUDNOVSKY
Isaak GORILOVSKY
Chania (Anna) GORILOVSKAYA
Yos Sagalov (1789 - after 1850) - merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife - Ita Chaimovna (1790 - after 1850) - merchant. They had sons Haskell, Ovsay and Avrum.
Abram Saghalov (1826 -18 ??) and his wife - Riva Gertsovna (1827 -18 ??). They were owners of a tavern in Radomysl in the late 19th century, they had a son, Iosif.
Iosif Abramovich Sagalov (186? -19?), Their son, was a member of the middle-class government of Radomysl.
Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811 - 1848) - merchant of the second guild, his wife - Chaya Yankelevna (1820 - 18 ??) - merchant. They had sons Morduch, Hershka and Haskel and the daughters of Sura and Brucha.
Khatsk (Haskel) Ovseevich Sagalov (1843 - 18 ??) was the owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolka, near Kiev.
Hershka Ovseevich Sagalov (1835 - 18 ??.) Was the owner of a tannery in the town of Radomysl (production volume of 1200 pairs).
Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov (1833 - 18 ??), He had a son, Iosif Morduchovich.
Iosif Mordukhovich Sagalov (187-1912 - until 1941) was engaged in haberdashery and the production of hats for women in the early 20th century. Iosif Mordukhovich Sagalov had four sons: Markus (Morduch), Abram, German, Yakov and five daughters: Yunya, Zhenya, Fanya, Rosa and Babsya.
their children:
Markus (Morduch) SAGALOV (1892-1957)
Abram Sagalov (1898 - 1980)
German Sagalov (189-1915)
Yakov Sagalov (19? - 19?)
Yunya Gorilovskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Zhenya Chudnovskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Fanya Braginskaya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Rosa (SAGALOVA) (19 ??. - 19 ??)
Babsya (SAGALOVA) (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Their husbands and wives:
Fira SAGALOVA (18th year - 19 ??)
Bethya SAGALOVA (19 ?? - 19 ??)
GORILOVSKY (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Musya CHUDNOVSKY (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Lev BRAGINSKY (19? - 19?)
Husband of Rosa Sagalova (19 ?? - 19 ??)
Husband Babsi Sagalova - German (19 ??. - 19 ??)
Mark SAGALOV b:1892
Abram SAGALOV b:1898
Their grandchildren:
Bova SAGALOV (son of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1921
Fanya SAGALOVA (daughter of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1923
Ella SAGALOVA (daughter of Sophia Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1926
Slava (Izyaslav) SAGALOV (son of Clara Sagalova (Maloratskaya): b:1925
Maya SAGALOVA b:1928
Inna SAGALOVA
Grinya CHUDNOVSKY
Isaak GORILOVSKY
Chania (Anna) GORILOVSKAYA
PLACES TO RESIDENCE OF SAGALOVs
in the 19th century. - early 20th century:
Fastov, Vasilkovsky district, Kiev province
Vasilkov, Vasilkovsky district, the Kiev province
Malin, Radomyslsky district, Kiev province
Radomysl, Radomyslsky district, Kiev province
Semapolki, Oster County, Kiev province
Skvira, Skvirsky uyezd, the Kiev province
Cherkassy, Cherkassy district, Kiev province
Zhitomir, Zhitomir county, Volyn province Kiev
in the 19th century. - early 20th century:
Fastov, Vasilkovsky district, Kiev province
Vasilkov, Vasilkovsky district, the Kiev province
Malin, Radomyslsky district, Kiev province
Radomysl, Radomyslsky district, Kiev province
Semapolki, Oster County, Kiev province
Skvira, Skvirsky uyezd, the Kiev province
Cherkassy, Cherkassy district, Kiev province
Zhitomir, Zhitomir county, Volyn province Kiev
In the town of Radomysl, our ancestors Sagalovs in the middle of the 19th century came from Fastov
At the beginning of the 19th century our ancestors moved to Radomysl
Nut Haskelevich appeared first in Radomysl from the Sagalov's family, this is evident from the Revizskie tales of the philistines Christians and Jews, and the state peasants of Vasilkovsky Uyezd for 1816: In the section "Out of that number," the entry was dropped: they on the revision of 1811 in duplicate was recorded here and in the town of Radomysl where he now lives. Nut moved to Radomysl until 1811. His brother Yos Haskelevich Sagalov moved to Radomysl after 1834. After 1834, Yos moves from Fastov to Radomysl with his whole family: Yos and his wife Ita, his eldest son Haskel, along with his wife, Etley, Yosya the middle son Ovsey with his wife Chaya and Yosya the youngest son Avrum.
At the beginning of the 19th century our ancestors moved to Radomysl
Nut Haskelevich appeared first in Radomysl from the Sagalov's family, this is evident from the Revizskie tales of the philistines Christians and Jews, and the state peasants of Vasilkovsky Uyezd for 1816: In the section "Out of that number," the entry was dropped: they on the revision of 1811 in duplicate was recorded here and in the town of Radomysl where he now lives. Nut moved to Radomysl until 1811. His brother Yos Haskelevich Sagalov moved to Radomysl after 1834. After 1834, Yos moves from Fastov to Radomysl with his whole family: Yos and his wife Ita, his eldest son Haskel, along with his wife, Etley, Yosya the middle son Ovsey with his wife Chaya and Yosya the youngest son Avrum.
Our ancestors Sagalov from Fastov
As the study of ancient archival materials showed, Fastov was the patrimonial nest of the Sagalovs. Detailed studies of the origin of the Sagalovs were conducted by Ilya Goldfarb (see website: www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com) Fastov (formerly Chvastov) - for the first time Fastov is mentioned in 1390 in the literacy of the Lithuanian prince Vladimir Olgerdovich, in which the right to own the city of the Rozhanovsky family was confirmed - this date is considered the year of the foundation of the city. There are several versions and legends about the origin of the name of the city.
In the 18th century, Jews of Polish Ukraine were hard hit by the Haidamaks. Particularly bloody were the raids of 1768 (known as the "Koliivshchina"), which resulted in the destruction of the Jewish population in Fastov, Tulchin, Balta and Uman. According to the revision of 1847 the "Fastovo Jewish Society" consisted of 2,994 souls. According to the census of 1897 there were 10728 inhabitants in Fastov, among them 5,595 Jews. There are (1910) a Talmud torah, a male and a female private Jewish school.
Families of Sagalovs who lived in Fastov in 1834
(Found by Oleg Sagalov, Fund 280 Inventory 2 Case 447):
- The family of Shepshel Yankelevich Sagalov (1751-1830)
- The family of Leyba Yosifovich Sagalov (1770-1831)
- The family of Avrum Yosifovich Sagalov (1775-1825)
- The family of Leiba-Yosya Duvalovich Sagalov (1778-18 ??)
- The family of Aryol Shlomovich Sagalov (1781-1833)
- The family of Leib Gershkovich Sagalov (1781-18 ??)
- The Aria family Leiba Yosifovich Sagalov (1783-18 ??)
- The family of Leib Chaskelovich Sagalov (1784-18 ??)
- The family of Shay Yosya Khaskelovich Sagalov (1788-1827)
- The family of Khaim Yosia Itskovich Sagalov (1791-1833)
- The family of Yankel Aizikovich Sagalov (1791-1834)
- The family of Meer Moshkovich Sagalov (1793-18 ??)
- The family of Yosya Khaskelovich Sagalov (1794-18 ??)
- The family of Yankel Zusyavich Sagalov (1804-18 ??)
- The family of Ovsey Josifovich Sagalov (1819-18 ??)
To revive the photos of Fastov at the beginning of the 20th century, Ilya Goldfarb added old photographs to the 1909 Fastov plan.
http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-31-29
There were two Jewish districts in the city. Most of the Jewish houses are located around Kuibyshev Street (the former Ramisnycha and Kievskaya streets), Kalinina Street (former Chervona, Vasilkovskaya, Ninth Sichna and Rybnaya Streets), on Sobornaya Street; the Jewish school was located on Kuibyshev 10 (now this building is an elementary school); the Choral Synagogue was located at the corner of Kuibyshevskaya and Urnuk streets (now used as an administrative building). http://jewua.org/fastov/
Three Sagalov families in Fastov were tailors. It can be assumed that other Sagalovs were associated with a tailoring business. *)
Yankel Itsko Boruhovich Sagalov (b:1829), tailor in Fastov
Aron Itskovich Sagalov (b:1817), tailor in Fastov
Moshko Itskovich Sagalov (b:1829), tailor in Fastov
*) In the old days, some Jews at least partly engaged in tailoring business, in order to avoid wearing a "shaatnez" mixture of wool and flax (a forbidden Jewish tradition). The biblical commandment in Judaism prohibits Jews from wearing clothes made from a mixture of wool (having an animal origin) and flax fiber (which is of vegetable origin). Especially numerous were Jews, engaged in tailoring (up to 50% or more). In the middle of the 18th century. There are already whole settlements of tailors and furriers. The first place was occupied by tailors, followed by furriers and haters. Rabi Yisrael Meir Gakogen (Hafetz Chaim) Short book of the commandments
http://www.shabat-shalom.info/books/Hafets_Haim/49.htm
181. A commandment forbidding the putting on of clothes of wool and linen: It is said in the Torah: "Do not put on clothes of a mixture of wool and flax" (Devarim 22:11). A mixture of wool and flax is called shaatnez. Clothes made from such a mixture are called keel begadim, in shortened form - kilaim (mixture). The prohibition of the Torah concerns only the wool of sheep and rams. Under the law of the Torah, it is forbidden to connect (in clothing) wool and flax in any way. Putting on himself kilyam at least temporarily or even on a dozen other clothes, without getting any benefit from it as from clothes, and for example, to carry clothes through customs, - violates this prohibition. Covering such a cloth also violates the ban. According to the law of the wise, it is forbidden to sit on bedding or bedspreads made from kilayim. Even when a dozen other tissues are laid over a veil or a piece of cloth made from kilayim, it is forbidden to sit on the top of them. This commandment must be observed everywhere and always - men and women.
From book
"The development of pogroms" http://www.imwerden.info/belousenko/books/russian/gusev_crimson_book.htm
1919 September, Fastov
The absolute number of mass deaths reveals the following points:
Fastov ...................... 22-27 Sept. 1000 "
Radomysl ............... on 1st of June 1000 «
Fastovsky pogrom
The Fastiv pogrom was, as it were, an apotheosis on the path to Dobrarmia towards Kiev. It happened already then, as the Dobrarmia became stronger in Kiev, and lasted from the 6th of September more than a week. He took such terrible forms that even the "enlightened" generals became embarrassed and allowed the local press to give him some information. However, following the first reports printed in local newspapers, there was an order that nothing else was written about any pogroms, We borrow information from the "Kiev Echo": "Throughout the past week bloody events have occurred in Fastov. Due to their extraordinary size and exceptional atrocity, these events are unprecedented in the history of Jewish pogroms. " The Jewish population of Fastov enthusiastically greeted the volunteer army, represented by the 2nd Terek Plastun Brigade. But on the very first day of the arrival of the brigade, this began a pogrom. The robbery was unprecedented, they even cracked the floors, turned the stoves. On the first day there were 8 cases of rape of women. When they turned to the commandant for help, he told a Jewish deputation: - Jews must pay guard duty for protection. The Jews contributed 10,000 rubles. In addition, another 25,000 were donated in the form of donations from Dobrarmia. After that, the garrison commander, who was also the commander of the brigade, called Rabbi Kligman and invited him to deposit 200,000 by the evening of the same day. "To treat the Cossacks," he said. In the following days, the pogrom took on an even more fierce character. One of the well-to-do Jews, Feldman, the Cossacks hung several times until he gave them all his money.
Mesiogek was wounded deadly in the stomach, another, unknown, bayonet in the chest. "They burst into crowds in Jewish homes, robbing, killing, raping women and teenagers. The local peasant population tried in every possible way to protect their Jewish neighbors, with whom they live in great friendship, but the thugs threatened them with the same brutal massacre, and murders, torture and violence continued with increasing ferocity. Killed there are about 2000. They are lying on the streets unharvested, because there is nobody to remove them. Among the injured there are also seriously wounded, writhing in the death throes of convulsions. Kiev is flooded with refugees from Fastov. They transmit nightmarish details. Killed and wounded gnaw on the streets of dogs and pigs. Most of the violence was caused by teenage children in front of their parents. At night the pogrom ceased and with the rising of the sun began again. All cruelties and animals of violence were committed in the daytime with the bright sunshine. Especially nightmarish were the events at the synagogue courtyard, where the Jews tried to hide. The whole courtyard is strewn with corpses ... old people ... women ... children ...... corrupt teenagers ... Many have gone mad. Some took refuge in the courtyard of the church. There were about 60 of them. The thugs captured them all. And they killed. The pogrom ended in arson. Burned over 200 houses. Toward the end of the 5th day of the pogrom, when the fire began to threaten the Christian houses, the local priest visited the commandant of the village and appealed to him with exhortation to suspend the murders and the fire, indicating that this is contrary to the Christian reason and feeling ... especially on the 5th day Pogrom, when."The fire, in any case, needs to be localized," said the priest, "since the fire does not disassemble the nationality and is being chosen for homes and for non-Jews." The commandant promised to take action. The same promised the deputation and the Kiev authorities ... ... Yesterday the still flourishing place Fastov, - ends the "Kiev Echo", - now represents the cemetery ... "
Jewish male names of our ancestors Sagalov
Sagalov Years of Birth
Abram 1826, 1896
Avrum 1775, 1808, 1820, 1821, 1860
Aizik 1780
Ariya 1783
Aron 1783, 1841, 1877
Bova 1921
Boruch 1814, 1832
Vladimir 1891
German 1897
Gershko 1750, 1778, 1786, 1796, 1801, 1806, 1832, 1834, 1835
Dveri 1832
Duvid 174?, 1831, 1890, 1892
Zislya 1829
Zus 17??,
Izyaslav (Slava) 1925
Iona 1820, 1822
Ios (Iosif) 175?, 1789, 1794, 1812, 1832, 186?, 1869, 187?, 1896, ?,?, 1894, 1867
Itsko 1765, 1814, 1834, 1889
Lazar 1858
Levy 1857
Leib 1730, 1840, 1770, 1778, 1781, 1784, 1822
Markus 1897
Meer 1793, 1802
Mrenya 1832
Moshko 1770, 1812, 1822, 1829, 1893
Moishe 1818, 1884
Moisei 1875, 1891
Morduch 1833
Naum 1895
Nachim 1810, ?
Nuta 1785
Ovsey 174?, ?, 1811, 1819
Peisach 1818
Ruvim 1848
Samuil 1898
Srul 1807
Suchar 1750
Chaskel 1757, 1818, ?, 1835, 1843
Chaim 1797, 1810, ?,
Shaya 1788, 1834
Shepshel 1751
Shloma (Zelman) 1750
Shmul 1817
El 1822, 1847
Yakov (Yankel) 1730, ?, 1782, 1791, 1804, 1809
As follows from this list:
- most often in the Sagalov family there were names of Hershko (9), Ios (Iosif) (11);
- research period: 1730 -1925;
- the most ancient name: Yankel b:1730;
- there are 45 names in the list, of which 24 names are found once; 21 the name passed by inheritance, as was customary among the Jews.
Gallery of portraits of five generations of Sagalovs:
Translation:
Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov
(? - 1943)
Markus Sagalov Roza Sagalova Genia Sagalova Unya Sagalova Bapsya Sagalova Abram Sagalov
(1892-1957) (Gorilovskaya) (?-1943) (1898-1980)
(1895-1982)
Bova Sagalov Ella Sagalova Fanya Sagalova Sonya Charikina Grinya Chanya Isaak Slava Sagalov
(1921-1986) (1926-1993) (Goldfarb) (b:1926) Chudnovsky Gorilovskaya Gorilovsky (1926-2007)
(1923-2010) (1923-1985)
Vera Sagalova Lev Sagalov Lev Goldfarb Ilya Goldfarb Irina Charikina Dina Burnstein Olga Sagalova Igor Sagalov . Oleg Sagalov . Yura Sagalov
Chernyakova) (b:1947) (b:1947) (b:1954) (b:1950) (b:1953) (b:1977) (b:1950) (b:1951) (1953-2004)
(b:1946)
Nadya Alex Pavel Aleksandra Mark David . Sofia Evgenia . Yury Anna Aleksey Michail Elena Yulia Edvard Igor
Chernyakova Chernyakov Chernyakov Sagalova Goldfarb Goldfarb Konndratova Kondratova . Bronshtein . Langford (b:2002) (b:2006) Sagalova Sagalova Sagalov Sagalov
(b:1965) (b:1975) (b:1975) (b:1973) (b:1973) (b:1976) (b:1978) (b:1981) (b:1984) (b:1974) (b:2002) (b:1989) (b:1993)
Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov
(? - 1943)
Markus Sagalov Roza Sagalova Genia Sagalova Unya Sagalova Bapsya Sagalova Abram Sagalov
(1892-1957) (Gorilovskaya) (?-1943) (1898-1980)
(1895-1982)
Bova Sagalov Ella Sagalova Fanya Sagalova Sonya Charikina Grinya Chanya Isaak Slava Sagalov
(1921-1986) (1926-1993) (Goldfarb) (b:1926) Chudnovsky Gorilovskaya Gorilovsky (1926-2007)
(1923-2010) (1923-1985)
Vera Sagalova Lev Sagalov Lev Goldfarb Ilya Goldfarb Irina Charikina Dina Burnstein Olga Sagalova Igor Sagalov . Oleg Sagalov . Yura Sagalov
Chernyakova) (b:1947) (b:1947) (b:1954) (b:1950) (b:1953) (b:1977) (b:1950) (b:1951) (1953-2004)
(b:1946)
Nadya Alex Pavel Aleksandra Mark David . Sofia Evgenia . Yury Anna Aleksey Michail Elena Yulia Edvard Igor
Chernyakova Chernyakov Chernyakov Sagalova Goldfarb Goldfarb Konndratova Kondratova . Bronshtein . Langford (b:2002) (b:2006) Sagalova Sagalova Sagalov Sagalov
(b:1965) (b:1975) (b:1975) (b:1973) (b:1973) (b:1976) (b:1978) (b:1981) (b:1984) (b:1974) (b:2002) (b:1989) (b:1993)
9. Kaganovsky family
In the seventh generation, the genus Maloratsky and Kagansky joined the Kaganovsky family: Faina Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) married Iosif Kaganovsky
(See Part 2 of Chapter 1)
The birthplace of the Kaganovsky was Brusilov. According to the First Russian Census in 1897 the population of Brusilov was 6,703 people, of whom 3,575 were Jews.
BRUSILOV, an urban-type settlement (since 1938), a district center in the Zhytomyr region. (Ukraine). Izv. With ser. 16th c. In the 16-18 centuries. - a place of the Kiev Povet and voivodeship in the Commonwealth. Since 1793 - in the Russian Empire. In the 19th century. - beginning. 20 century. - the town of Radomyslsky Uyezd in the Kiev Gubernia. In 1775 there were 412 Jews in Brusilov, 483 in 1778, 523 in 1787, 2884 in 1847, 3800 in 1863, 3575 in 1897, 379 (7.4%), in 1939 - 171 Jews (3.5%). The Jews lived in Brusilov in 1622. In the mid-19th century. About 200 Brusilov Jews were engaged in various crafts. Jews owned 82 shops and shops. In 1863 in Brusilovo there was a synagogue, in 1900 - 3 synagogues. In the 1910's. In Brusilov, the local organization of the Bund acted. In March 1917, an attempt was made in Brusilov to pogrom. In 1918 in Brusilovo there was a Jewish pogrom, organized by the troops of the Central Rada. In early June 1919, there were pogroms organized by the Sokolovsky gang. All Jews who did not have time to leave Brusilov were destroyed. During the German occupation in Brusilov on Oct. 10, 1941, 25 Jews were shot, Oct. 15. - 12, October 20 1941 - 10 Jews. http://www.rujen.ru/index.php/%D0%91%D0%A0%D0%A3%D0%A1%D0%98%D0%9B%D0%9E%D0%92
In 1790, Catherine II gave Brusilov along with the people who inhabited him, Nikolai Vasilyevich Pushkin, a relative of the great Russian poet. It is interesting that in connection with Pushkin, Brusilov also appears in Russian literature and in a rather funny foreshortening. The tale "The Humpbacked Horse" was written not by Ershov. Guard Lieutenant Semenovskogo Lieutenant Ershov could not write anything, because he was illiterate and could not even read. It just happened that the lieutenant Yershov sat down to play cards with Alexander Pushkin himself and the poet blew him to pieces. In the end, only Pushkin's manuscript of the recently published fairy tale "The Little Humpbacked Horse" remained with him. So the poet put it on the line in order to win back. But he did not win back. After that, Ershov published Pushkin's "Humpbacked Horse" under his own name and left the fee. It is interesting that this episode appears in the British Encyclopedia of the 1902 edition, and the village of Brusilov of the Kiev province is named the place of an unusual card game. The name of the village to the general-hero of the First World War Brusilov has nothing to do. Although General Brusilov himself really stayed in the village - in March 1916. Then General Brusilov was appointed commander of the South-Western Front, and in Brusilov from March to mid-April placed his field rate. http://zhzh.info/publ/9-1-0-282
The map was prepared by I. Goldfarb.
Several generations of Kaganovsky from the end of the 18th century. Before the beginning of the 20th century. Lived in m. Brusilov. After the second partition of Poland, Brusilov was annexed to the Russian Empire, and in 1797 he became the center of the rural municipality of the Radomyshl district of the Kiev province. The name Brusilov got from the word cant, because it owes its elevation to the trade in beams and wood. Jews lived in Brusilov since 1622. Demographic composition of the Jewish population in Brusilov:
1764 - 343
1775 - 412
1778 - 483
1787 -523, among them the Leib Kaganovsky family
1847 - 2,844, among them the Avrum-Itsko Kaganovsky family (a sharp decrease in the number of Jews occurred after the second partition of Poland)
1863 - 3,800, among them the families of Froim and Peisach Kaganovsky
1897 - 3575, among them the families of David and Zailik Kaganovsky, Leyba and Tsipa Kaganovsky 1926 - 379 (7.4%);
1939 - 171 (3.5%).
(A sharp decline in the number of Jews - the result of pogroms, immigration to America and resettlement to other places in Russia).
In the mid-19th century about 200 Brusilov Jews were engaged in various crafts. Jews owned 82 shops and shops. In 1863 in Brusilov there was a synagogue, in 1900 - 3 synagogues. Since 1873, the rabbi was Yehuda Leib Wetstein (1856-?), since 1893 - Shmuel-Isaukh Perlyuk (1865? -?), since 1899 - Joseph the Treasurer (1876 -?). During the Andrusev truce in 1667, Brusilov remained under the rule of Poland. During this period, the oppression of the working people increased even more. During the Coliovshchina in the Brusilov district, the Haidamak detachment of I. Bondarenko acted. When the Haidamaks approached the town, the petty bourgeois met them with bread and salt. Many Brusilovites joined the detachment. The rebels committed massacres against Polish gentlemen, Jewish tenants, merchants and taverns. In Brusilov there were 2 Jewish prayer houses, except for the synagogue, built in 1850, which is distinguished by the size and decorations in the Jewish style. In 1793, the Right-Bank Ukraine was occupied by Russian troops. In Brusilov there were new owners. Russification and assimilation of the Ukrainian population began. The town fell into the hands of the Russian General Sinelnikov. After the reunification of Right-bank Ukraine with Russia Brusilov from 1797 became the volost center of the Radomysl district of the Kiev province. The bulk of the population was represented by artisans, united in workshops. In 1852 there were 201 artisans, including 112 shoemakers, 39 tailors, 32 furriers, 10 wallers and 8 weavers. In the autumn of 1846 Brusilov visited TG Shevchenko. He wrote down here songs and popular retellings about the famous Haidamak leader Ivan Bondarenko. In the 40's of the 19 century. In Brusilov there were the first industrial enterprises - leather and distilleries, where serfs worked. All work here was done manually. In 1848, a brewery, a brick factory and two water mills on the river Zdviz already operated in the town. With the development of industrial production, trade also developed. In the 50's of the 19 century, Brusilov became one of the largest trading towns in the county. Wood products, wood products, tar, tar, oak bark were brought here from Polesye, salt, wool, salted fish from the southern regions of Ukraine. During the year, 12 fairs and 26 tenders took place in the town. Local authorities had large profits from trade. Importation of goods from each seller was removed duty. According to the data of 1900, there were 43 tanneries, an alcohol factory, 4 felt factories, 2 water, steam and windmills, 4 smithies, 2 metalwork shops in the town. In the 1910's in Brusilov, the local organization of the Bund acted. In March 1917, an attempt was made in Brusilov to pogrom. (N. Polischuk "Brusilov: pages of history." The newspaper "Revival" No. 49 (4759) of December 2, 2006). In 1918 there was a Jewish pogrom, organized by the troops of the Central Rada. In early June 1919, there were pogroms organized by the Sokolovsky gang. All Jews who did not have time to leave Brusilov were destroyed.
http://rujen.ru/index.php/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2
After a careful study of all the materials found by Oleg Sagalov in the State Archives of the Kiev region, the following diagram of the extended version of the family tree of the Kaganovsky family was compiled. The dotted line indicates a link, documentary confirmation of which has not yet been found (in yellow our direct ancestors are highlighted). The diagram below is the fruit of joint efforts of our relatives, especially Ilya Goldfarb, Leo Maloratsky, and Oleg Sagalov on the basis of the archival materials given below:
Note: Dotted lines show possible versions, the reliability of which will be specified later as new archival materials arrive.
Kaganovsky family: in the first row to the left David Froimovich, and on the right Froim Itskovich; In the second row in the center of the spouse Tsipa Izrailevna and Leib Davidovich. David (father of Iosif and Ovsey) holds a violin in his hands. According to the memoirs of Volodya Kaganovsky, his father Iosif played the violin as a child. Perhaps David taught his son Iosif
(photo from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky).
The Kaganovsky family connections are illustrated below:
(photo from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky).
The Kaganovsky family connections are illustrated below:
Froim Kaganovsky
David Froimovich
Kaganovsky
Kaganovsky
As for the couple Leib Kaganovsky and Tsipa Kaganskaya, both these two names have come from the name of Cohen. Cohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman. The status of the cohen was always passed through the male line, and as a result, he was eventually perceived as the family nickname from which the Jewish name Cohen was formed. It, in turn, turned out to be the initial link for the formation of a number of other Jewish families, including the Kagansky and Kaganovsky families. The reason why cohenism goes only to sons is certainly spiritual nature, as, indeed, all the other commandments of the Torah. "... In order to organize a profitable marriage within the limited world of the Pale of Settlement, Jewish families could use the following basic strategies: (1) hire a professional Shadkhan (matchmaker), (2) contract with relatives about marriage, and (3) stop on endogam marriage in a small group of local families ... " (source: Jewish Marriage and Divorce in Imperial Russia By ChaeRan Y. Freeze). In the case of the marriage, the Tsipa Kaganskaya and Leib Kaganovsky, one or more of these strategies could work if Brusilov or (and) Malin did not have suitable candidates for Jewish Cohen. A professional matchmaker successfully coped with this problem. Since the status of the cohen was transmitted along the male line, subsequent generations of the Kaganovsky most likely were and still are cohens.
Autobiography of Iosif Kaganovsky
From the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky
Autobiography
I was born in 1906. In the village Brusilov Brusilov district of Zhitomir region, the family consisted of eleven people. My father was an artisan, specializing in a bookbinder, and my mother as a worker in a paper factory (rag-sorter). In addition to his parents, another older brother worked as a printer in a printing house in Odessa. In 1918, during the Jewish pogroms in Ukraine, two older brothers were killed by white troops. In the same year, father, mother and five brothers died of typhus and starvation. Left alone with my elder brother, I was placed with my elder brother in an orphanage (Radomysl, Zhitomir region). In the orphanage, I stayed until 1923. I was still in the orphanage in 1920. I entered the cloth factory named October 25, first a pupil, and later a spinner. I worked at this factory until 1924. In 1925 I moved to Moscow, where my brother worked at that time. In 1925 I moved to Moscow, where at that time my brother worked. In 1925 I went to work as a spinning mill at the spinning mill named after the III Congress of the Profintern, where I worked until 1926. In 1926, I was sent for study and entered the faculty of the Moscow Higher Technical University, which I graduated in 1929. At the end of the worker's faculty I entered To the Moscow Higher Technical School named Bauman, who graduated in 1935. From 1935 to 1936 he worked as a designer in the Central Design Bureau of Textile Machines. From 1936 to 1941 I worked at the Moskoszhkombinat as an assistant to the chief mechanic. From 1942 to 1944 I worked as a designer at the plant number 233. Since 1945 I have been working as head of the VNIIS design bureau until now. In the Komsomol consisted from 1922 to 1935. And was eliminated mechanically as an overgrown. Member or candidate of the CPSU (b) was not. The brother, with whom the whole family remained, died at the front in 1943. 10.03.49
Comments on the autobiography:
Striking out the "place" and inscribing the "village" is connected with the still unconventional terminology. The status of the village was higher than that of the village. In the Radomysl district towns were Brusilov, Korostyshev, Malin, Chernobyl. In the Russian Empire, the "village" was a settlement where there was no church (Orthodox). The settlement that had a church was called a village.
From 1918 to 1923, Iosif was in the children's home of Radomysl. In this period of time, due to the consequences of wars, the economic situation in the country, the famine in the Volga region, the children's homelessness has reached unprecedented, catastrophic proportions. According to the Children's Commission, under the Central Executive Committee, these events threatened "if not the extinction of the younger generation, then its physical and moral degeneration."
From 1920 to 1924, Iosif Kaganovsky worked at the cloth factory. In 1890, a factory was opened in Radomysl, a large-type factory. At this point in 1903, Gorenstein built a cloth factory. The factory produced coarse-wool cloth for mass sale, as well as blankets and overcoats for the military department. At that time it was a significant enterprise, where more than 120 workers worked. Reizen Gorenshtein - the owner of the cloth factory (hasidka) helped the Kagansky family, arranging them to their factory. The salary at the factory was about 40 rubles in week.
The workers were provided with state apartments, and for the Hasidim children there was a kindergarten. Reisen Gorenstein took care of the Hasidim, they visited her, she fed them and gave them food and helped them to determine their children, marry them, if it's a girl, to marry if that's a guy.
VNIIS: On March 31, 1930, the State Experimental Glass Institute (SEIS) with a staff of 130 people was established on the basis of the glass department of the Institute of Silicates by order of the Supreme Economic Council No. 1117. For the Institute was allocated a building on Bolshaya Semenovskaya Street, 10. In 1943 the institute was renamed the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Glass (VNIIS). In the postwar period, the institute was engaged in the restoration and construction of glass factories.
Clarification: Iosif's brother Ovsey Kaganovsky was killed at the front in 1944.
In the reader of the autobiography of Iosif Kaganovsky, there may be bewilderment or a smile in the part of his mother's work ("the mother worked at a paper mill as a rag sorter"). In fact, according to the technology of that time, paper was made from rags: it was cleaned, bleached, and then it was triturated into powder and kneaded to a liquid whitish mass. Then this mass was poured into a special shape with a mesh bottom through which water drained. The remaining thick precipitate dried up, consolidated, glossed, forming a ready-for-printing paper sheet as a result.
The counterfeiters did not get anything like the original, until one of them took an ordinary dirty rag ... It turned out that the British were making paper Dirty cloth, and the Germans were taken for forgery from Turkey. "
http://a.kras.cc/2017/03/blog-post_741.html?spref=fb&m=1
Portrait gallery of Iosif Kaganovsky:
Iosif Kaganovsky (second from right) in the rest home, 1930-1935 (?)
RANGER - Building in a line by height. Line up according to the rank. By rank (order) in order, in strict order. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov.
RANGER - Building in a line by height. Line up according to the rank. By rank (order) in order, in strict order. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov.
Certificate of graduation from the factory faculty at the Moscow Higher Technical School:
An interesting detail: Iosif Kaganovsky finished his studies in 1929 at a factory faculty at the MVTU named after A.I. Rykov, and finished his studies in 1935 in the MVTU them named after N.I. Bauman. On December 20, 1930, the newspapers published a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on the release of A.I. Rykov from the duties of chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and the Soviet of Labor and Defense of the USSR. The successor was appointed V.M. Molotov. Further, the joint plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) freed Rykov from the duties of a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee. In March 1937, Mr .. was arrested in the case of the "anti-Soviet right-Trotskyite bloc". In 1938 on the verdict of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR was shot.
Graduation Diploma from the Moscow Higher Technical School:
From the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky
Now it seems incredible, as in the Moscow Higher Technical School, the most anti-Semitic high school in Moscow, could be a Jew, Iosif Kaganovsky. Then in 1929 it was possible, later, alas. With this came the son of Iosif - Volodya Kaganovsky, who followed in the footsteps of his father. Volodya Kaganovsky graduated from school with a gold medal and was interviewed for admission to the MVTU name after Bauman. At the interview, it was proposed to solve 13 problems. Volodya did not give an exact answer to the latter problem. The task was: "The rifle is shot with the bayonet in. Where will the bullets go if the bayonet is opened?" Volodya answered in essence, but the commission caught on the phrase: "I do not know where the center of gravity is shifting." This was enough for the commission to offer the applicant another faculty of welding, which was followed by Volodin's refusal.
At Tsipa Kaganovskaya (Kaganskaya) and her husband Leib Kaganovsky had 9 sons, including Iosif. Two of them (one of them was Borukh - the eldest son) were killed during the Civil War. Five sons (one of whom was named Motel) together with their parents fell ill with typhus and were burned in Brusilov in 1919 in their hut by the Germans, who thus fought the typhus epidemic.*) Two sons survived: Iosif (Yosel) and Ovsey (Shika), who managed to escape (see the photo below).
13-year-old Iosif (middle in age among 9 sons) found himself in Radomysl, where his aunt Mariam Kaganskaya took care of him (according to information from Arnold Kholodenko, grandson of Mariam Kagansky). Brother Joseph 15-year-old Ovsey Kaganovsky, having lost his parents, wandered and homeless, then a teenager got to Moscow, he got into the orphanage. He studied, graduated from technical school, got married.
http://masheka.by/obzor_mogilev/717-istoriya-mogileva-esche-do-voyny-vspominaet-leonid-kaganovskiy.html
*) After the collapse of the front in the First World War, many soldiers rushed home, taking with them and pathogens of severely contagious diseases. The first cases of typhus epidemic in Ukraine appeared at the very beginning of 1918, during the demobilization of the army, when thousands of soldiers were accumulating in the stations of the stations because of snow drifts. At first, typhus was a professional disease of the military. And by the summer of 1918 he had already spread to the townsfolk. The epidemic of typhus in 1919-1920. Reached an unprecedented rate of 500 diseases per 100 thousand people and took tens of thousands of Ukrainians.
http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?
From the memoirs of Vladimir Kaganovski: Iosif after vagrancy came to the orphanage in Radomysl with his brother Ovsey. This orphanage sent him to Kiev to a music school (Iosif played the violin). As an escort, his brother was assigned to him. However, on the way they again fled and again became vagabonds. They were again caught and this time Iosif was sent to Moscow to work for them. Rykov at MVTU, which he successfully completed and was admitted to the Moscow Higher Technical School.
From the memoirs of Leonid Kaganovsky: (http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?):
My father was sick with typhus, he lay at home and on the phone supervised the dismantling of the valuable equipment of the factory and the evacuation of people. Approximately on July 1, when the railway was not working in Mogilev, a father's friend, the police chief of the city and his family, came to us on the truck. Together with them our family (father, mother, 5 year old sister and me) went in the direction of the mountains. Krichev, where they assumed that there is still a railway.
At that time a crowd of refugees flocked to Mogilev, mostly from Minsk. When we moved over the Dnieper, our vehicle was taken away by the military, after which we joined a crowd of refugees. On the way, we were fired from machine guns, flying on a flying flight, fascist aircraft. The distraught women lost their children. Children lost their parents. There were killed and wounded. We sat on the platform. At night, the locomotive was attached to the convoy, and the train quietly rode. On the way, we were bombed by German aircraft. A few days later we drove through the cities of Kaluga and Tula. There we were fed and watered by the local people. In the end, we found ourselves in the village of Aramil, Sverdlovsk region, where we collected evacuated equipment and specialists from related artificial fiber factories for the construction of a new factory. Father was appointed deputy director of this factory. In 1943, his father asked to go to the front. He was sent to study at the Military Political Academy named Lenin, who was at that time in the mountains. Khalturin, the Kirov region. After a short period of study, he was sent to the front as a political instructor of the regiment. In February 1944, my father, lieutenant Kaganovsky Ovsey Lvovich, the party organizer of the 1344th conv., 319th SD, was killed in battle near Zabolotye village, Novosokolnichsky District, Kalinin Region. "Ovsey was killed at the front in 1944. His descendants ( son Leonid, daughter of Maya and their families live in Israel).
Portrait gallery of Ovsey Kaganovsky
13-year-old Iosif (middle in age among 9 sons) found himself in Radomysl, where his aunt Mariam Kaganskaya took care of him (according to information from Arnold Kholodenko, grandson of Mariam Kagansky). Brother Joseph 15-year-old Ovsey Kaganovsky, having lost his parents, wandered and homeless, then a teenager got to Moscow, he got into the orphanage. He studied, graduated from technical school, got married.
http://masheka.by/obzor_mogilev/717-istoriya-mogileva-esche-do-voyny-vspominaet-leonid-kaganovskiy.html
*) After the collapse of the front in the First World War, many soldiers rushed home, taking with them and pathogens of severely contagious diseases. The first cases of typhus epidemic in Ukraine appeared at the very beginning of 1918, during the demobilization of the army, when thousands of soldiers were accumulating in the stations of the stations because of snow drifts. At first, typhus was a professional disease of the military. And by the summer of 1918 he had already spread to the townsfolk. The epidemic of typhus in 1919-1920. Reached an unprecedented rate of 500 diseases per 100 thousand people and took tens of thousands of Ukrainians.
http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?
From the memoirs of Vladimir Kaganovski: Iosif after vagrancy came to the orphanage in Radomysl with his brother Ovsey. This orphanage sent him to Kiev to a music school (Iosif played the violin). As an escort, his brother was assigned to him. However, on the way they again fled and again became vagabonds. They were again caught and this time Iosif was sent to Moscow to work for them. Rykov at MVTU, which he successfully completed and was admitted to the Moscow Higher Technical School.
From the memoirs of Leonid Kaganovsky: (http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?):
My father was sick with typhus, he lay at home and on the phone supervised the dismantling of the valuable equipment of the factory and the evacuation of people. Approximately on July 1, when the railway was not working in Mogilev, a father's friend, the police chief of the city and his family, came to us on the truck. Together with them our family (father, mother, 5 year old sister and me) went in the direction of the mountains. Krichev, where they assumed that there is still a railway.
At that time a crowd of refugees flocked to Mogilev, mostly from Minsk. When we moved over the Dnieper, our vehicle was taken away by the military, after which we joined a crowd of refugees. On the way, we were fired from machine guns, flying on a flying flight, fascist aircraft. The distraught women lost their children. Children lost their parents. There were killed and wounded. We sat on the platform. At night, the locomotive was attached to the convoy, and the train quietly rode. On the way, we were bombed by German aircraft. A few days later we drove through the cities of Kaluga and Tula. There we were fed and watered by the local people. In the end, we found ourselves in the village of Aramil, Sverdlovsk region, where we collected evacuated equipment and specialists from related artificial fiber factories for the construction of a new factory. Father was appointed deputy director of this factory. In 1943, his father asked to go to the front. He was sent to study at the Military Political Academy named Lenin, who was at that time in the mountains. Khalturin, the Kirov region. After a short period of study, he was sent to the front as a political instructor of the regiment. In February 1944, my father, lieutenant Kaganovsky Ovsey Lvovich, the party organizer of the 1344th conv., 319th SD, was killed in battle near Zabolotye village, Novosokolnichsky District, Kalinin Region. "Ovsey was killed at the front in 1944. His descendants ( son Leonid, daughter of Maya and their families live in Israel).
Portrait gallery of Ovsey Kaganovsky
Ovsey Kaganovsky (in the center of the second row) among the Radomysl Komsomol members, ~ 1923.
Signed on the reverse side of the photo:
Moscow. On the day of my stay and departure from Moscow dear brother Froyka and in memory of Radomysl Komsomol members. 12/20/1925. Sima (it is not known who are Froyka and Sima?).
The fashion of those years that is seen in this photo is interesting: a sign of a new post-revolutionary time was the red kerchief of the girls - a symbol of the woman's release, now she was thrust on her forehead and tied at the back of her head, not under her chin, as was traditionally done before. The Komsomol members wore military garments borrowed from the German youth communist organization "Krasny Yungshturm"; outer clothing of canvas, coarse linen, soldier's cloth, baize, coarse wool.
Deprived of many rights that were used in Russia not only by Russians, but also by "aliens", Jewish youth was a fertile environment for revolutionary agitation. In the early 20 century. Jews actively joined in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of the Bund ("a common Jewish union"), which included mainly Jewish artisans, workers, students. Its influence in the region during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was felt. Subsequently, the hearth of the Poalei Zion party was formed in the city, which united the more affluent sections of the Jewish population. After the February Revolution of 1917 the cells of the Bund and Poalei Zion had a significant representation in the city and county governments. Some of the Jewish workers leaned against the communist organization of the Bolsheviks, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
Signed on the reverse side of the photo:
Moscow. On the day of my stay and departure from Moscow dear brother Froyka and in memory of Radomysl Komsomol members. 12/20/1925. Sima (it is not known who are Froyka and Sima?).
The fashion of those years that is seen in this photo is interesting: a sign of a new post-revolutionary time was the red kerchief of the girls - a symbol of the woman's release, now she was thrust on her forehead and tied at the back of her head, not under her chin, as was traditionally done before. The Komsomol members wore military garments borrowed from the German youth communist organization "Krasny Yungshturm"; outer clothing of canvas, coarse linen, soldier's cloth, baize, coarse wool.
Deprived of many rights that were used in Russia not only by Russians, but also by "aliens", Jewish youth was a fertile environment for revolutionary agitation. In the early 20 century. Jews actively joined in political life. One of the first political organizations of Radomysl was the center of the Bund ("a common Jewish union"), which included mainly Jewish artisans, workers, students. Its influence in the region during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 was felt. Subsequently, the hearth of the Poalei Zion party was formed in the city, which united the more affluent sections of the Jewish population. After the February Revolution of 1917 the cells of the Bund and Poalei Zion had a significant representation in the city and county governments. Some of the Jewish workers leaned against the communist organization of the Bolsheviks, which began to influence the political life of the city only in the summer of 1917.
http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/09/blog-post.html
Leonid Ovseevich Kaganovsky
|
http://masheka.by/obzor_mogilev/717-istoriya-mogileva-esche-do-voyny-vspominaet-leonid-kaganovskiy.html Leonid Kaganovsky lives in Israel, in a small town of Afula ... "My father ... was a round orphan born in a poor large family somewhere near Kiev (Brusilov Ed.). Lost his parents during the Civil War, wandered and homeless, then a teenager got to Moscow, he got into an orphanage. He studied, graduated from technical school, got married. " |
Family of Leonid Ovseevich Kaganovsky
(Photos from the archive of Leonid Kaganovsky)
(Photos from the archive of Leonid Kaganovsky)
Spouses Leonid and Rita Kaganovsky
Photos from the front
(Photos from the archive of Leonid Kaganovsky)
A letter from the front was written on 04/02/1944, and on 07/02/1944 Ovsey Kaganovsky was killed
Kaganovsky Ovsey Leibovich 1905-1944. Yield: b: m. Brusilovsk, the Kiev region., Ukraine. Call: Brusilovsky RVC. Art. Lieutenant, party organizer regiment, 1344 cp, 319 cd. Killed in battle. Buried: Zabolotye village, Novosokolnichesky district, Velikiye Luka (Kalininskaya) region. Extras. Information: in SEVIV SE 2, p.40, reference to one archive document. / ЦАМО, оп.11458, л.178; Op.18002, d.305, l.85 /
https://books.google.com/books?id=azCxAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA679&lpg=PA679&dq=Овсей+Лейбович+Кагановский&source=bl&ots=_10dWytWed&sig=RgNsPfn1
Book of memory of Jewish soldiers who died in the battles with Nazism 1941 - 1945 , Volume V, Publishing Center SEIVV (Union of Jews of Disabled and Veterans of War), Scientific and Information Center "Destiny", Moscow, 1998. Comments received from the son of O.L. Kaganovsky - Leonid Kaganovsky: patronymic "Lvovich" (Kaganovsky Ovsey Lvovich); Urozh: village Brusilov; Call: Mogilev RVC.
https://books.google.com/books?id=azCxAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA679&lpg=PA679&dq=Овсей+Лейбович+Кагановский&source=bl&ots=_10dWytWed&sig=RgNsPfn1
Book of memory of Jewish soldiers who died in the battles with Nazism 1941 - 1945 , Volume V, Publishing Center SEIVV (Union of Jews of Disabled and Veterans of War), Scientific and Information Center "Destiny", Moscow, 1998. Comments received from the son of O.L. Kaganovsky - Leonid Kaganovsky: patronymic "Lvovich" (Kaganovsky Ovsey Lvovich); Urozh: village Brusilov; Call: Mogilev RVC.
Common grave
A family story about how everything mixed up in the DETDOM of the Kaganovsky - Kagansky.
It would seem that the common between the homeless and the Jewish poet, the names Kagansky and Kaganovsky, named Maya in the families of Kaganovsky and Kagansky?
In order, we begin with the anthroponomy (a science that studies the names and surnames of people). The names Kagansky and Kaganovsky derive from the word "kohen". In ancient times, the koen descendants of Aaron, the chief priest of the male line, served in the Temple of Jerusalem. After the destruction of the Temple and to this day the coenas have a special role in the synagogues during prayer; Many of them kept additions, these additions turned into their names. From the "kohen" went the names Kagansky and Kaganovsky.
Education forums for surnames suggest that surnames ending with -cky (cki) are the names of Ashkenazi Jews, originating from Polish territory. But not only the common roots of family names, but also family roots were common. In the family of Kaganovsky: the mother of Iosif Kaganovsky - Tsipa Kaganskaya and the mother of his wife Faina Kaganovskaya (Maloratskaya) - Chana Kaganskaya are her own sisters.
The form of "Kagan" does not come from the Hebrew "kohen", but from its Aramaic equivalent "kagane", hence the accent on the second syllable, and not on the first, as in the name Kogan, in full accordance with the position of accent in these words, characteristic for Ashkenazi pronunciation. Kohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman. The status of the kohen was always passed through the male line, and as a result, he was eventually perceived as the family nickname from which the Jewish name Kohen was formed.
It, in turn, was the initial link for the formation of a number of other Jewish surnames. So from the name of Kohen the following names have occurred: Kogan, Kagan, Kahn, Kon, Kaganman, Kaganer, Kaganovich, Koganovich, Kaganov, Koganov, Katz, Kaplan, Kaganovsky, Kagansky. At the time of the creation of the official surname, the Slavic endings "-ovich", "-o" or "skiy" (KAGAN, KAGANOVSKY) could be added to these forms. Russified Jewish surnames began to appear in the middle of the 19th century. Russian correspondence of the Western surnames Kahan, Cohen, Cohn, etc .; kohen "priest".
And that is not all. In the history of our family there are also historical intersections. One of them is as follows. After the tragic death of his parents and the subsequent vagrancy of 13-year-old Iosif and 14-year-old Ovsey Kaganovsky in 1919, they found themselves in the Radomyslsky orphanage. Basya Kaganskaya was in charge of this orphanage from 1918 to 1924. Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (1900 - 1977) - the wife of Yakov Kagansky (son of Meer Kagansky), the nephew of Tsipa Kaganskaya. Meer was the brother of Tsipa Kaganskaya, the mother of two homeless children, Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky. Thus, the ways of the Kaganovsky and Kagansky came together again.
An excerpt from an interview with Maya Kaganskaya (daughter of Basya and Yakov Kagansky)
(http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya):
"In 1917, my mother returned from Kiev to Radomysl, her place. She was, of course, a well-educated person, also entered such a
social life. She was a tutor, and then a director of an orphanage, a children's town. There was such a small town of the House of
Teenagers ... Mom was in charge of the House of Teenagers, although she herself is very little of them differed (note ed .: we mean
the age difference, Basya was 17 years old). She was a member of the party. But somewhere in the 21st or what year it was cleaned.
There was a lot of cleansing. A young man tried to look after her. Partizan, the leader of the partisan detachment, but she did not
reciprocate with him. She, apparently, already met with her father (ed .: Yakov Kagansky). And my father was considered, how to
say, from a bourgeois family or how. Well, in general, this young man gave such data that they are an intellectual, that she meets a
young man not from a proletarian family, and she has been cleaned. Tapped, in short. For the fact that she did not like him. In the
year 24, my mother and father left for Kiev ... in the 30th year my mother went to Brusilov (all the same nest Kaganovsky, ed.)
To work in a Jewish school. There she worked for two years. "
Uncle of Yakov was our Moisei Kagansky. Grandpa of Maya on my father's line was Meer Kagansky (brother of Moisei Kagansky). Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were in the Radomyslsky orphanage, whose director was the wife of Yakov Kagansky - the nephew of Tsipa Kaganskaya (the mother of Iosif and Ovsey). Thus, Yakov Kagansky was a cousin of Iosif Kaganovsky on the maternal line (Tsipa and Meer Kagansky were a sister and brother).
Of course, 13-year-old homeless Iosif did not know about it. Did the director of the orphanage, Basia Kaganskaya, know about this? Hardly. Just like Volodya Kaganovsky did not suspect that he had a second cousin Maya Kaganskaya. Here it is not necessary to confuse Volodya's cousin relationship with Maya Kaganovskaya (daughter of Ovsey Kagansky, granddaughter of Tsipa Kaganskaya). In general, "everything mixed up in the house" Kagansky - Kaganovsky.
In the name of Maya, the daughter of Yakov and Betya Kagansky and daughter of Ovsey and Elizaveta Kaganovsky
From an interview with Maya Kaganskaya:
"But the name of Maya, you said it was in honor of May 1?
So my father called me, in honor of May, First. I was born in May.
And when were you born?
16th of May."
(http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya)
In the Hebrew language, the Maya name is an abbreviated form of "ma'ayan," which means "source" or "brook"; in Hindu mythology, "Maya" means "illusion," in Greek mythology Maya is the name of the eldest of the Pleiades, Son of Hermes, in Roman mythology, Maya is the goddess of fertility.
From an interview with Maya Kaganskaya:
"But the name of Maya, you said it was in honor of May 1?
So my father called me, in honor of May, First. I was born in May.
And when were you born?
16th of May."
(http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya)
In the Hebrew language, the Maya name is an abbreviated form of "ma'ayan," which means "source" or "brook"; in Hindu mythology, "Maya" means "illusion," in Greek mythology Maya is the name of the eldest of the Pleiades, Son of Hermes, in Roman mythology, Maya is the goddess of fertility.
Maya Kaganovskaya with daughter Ira
Maya Kaganskaya (b:1926) (second cousin of Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky) in different years of life:
For reasons independent of us, there are no photos of the homeless Ovsey and Iosif Kaganovsky.
Approximately this looked like Ovsey and Iosif:
Homeless children, 1922
Classes with former homeless children, 1925 http://bigpicture.ru/?p=506252
Approximately this looked like Ovsey and Iosif:
Homeless children, 1922
Classes with former homeless children, 1925 http://bigpicture.ru/?p=506252
In Radomysl in this house number 52 on Malaya Zhitomirskaya street, after the Civil War was an orphanage whose director was Basya Vilenskaya (Kaganskaya). Earlier the house belonged to the above-mentioned adviser, the head of the city government Feodosiy Konstantinovich Grintsevich. http://radomyshl-nash-dim.blogspot.com/2017/04/blog-post_10.html |
The director of the Radomyslsky orphanage, Basia Vilenskaya (Kaganskaya), being the wife of Yakov Kagansky, became related to his father Meer Kagansky (who was brutally murdered during the Jewish pogrom in Radomysl by the Sokolovsky gang) and his uncle Moisei Kagansky (later immigrating to Palestine):
In the same Radomysl orphanage from 1918 to 1923. Was brought up in the future by the famous Jewish poet Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980). Iosif and Ovsey were in this orphanage together with Riva since 1920. Later, their paths parted: Riva graduated from the factory in Kiev and from the age of 15 (since 1925), worked at a shoe factory, then became a famous Jewish poetess. Iosif and Ovsey still
Iosif and Ovsey still wandered, and then ended up in Moscow. Fate brought Iosif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya many years later on the 50th anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage.
Fate brought Iosif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya many years later on the 50th anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage:
(from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky):
Iosif and Ovsey still wandered, and then ended up in Moscow. Fate brought Iosif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya many years later on the 50th anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage.
Fate brought Iosif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya many years later on the 50th anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage:
(from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky):
On the 50th anniversary of the Radomysl children's home: Iosif Kaganovsky on the right, Riva Balyasnaya second on the left; obviously, guests receive a gift from the book by R. Balyasnaya (photo was taken around 1968).
Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980) in different years of life:
Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya it is interesting that Riva was born in Radomysl in 1910 at the same time when German Maloratsky (father of Leo Maloratsky) was born there.
Riva Balyasnaya Jewish poet. She made her debut in 1928. In 1935-1939 - editor of Glavlit. During the war she was evacuated to Ufa. In 1952, was arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison. Author of 15 books.
Iosif Kaganovsky (left) and German Maloratsky, 1940
Letter from Iosif Kaganovsky to Mark Maloratsky (father of German Maloratsky) (from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky):
Moscow 22 / IX-41 Hello dear dad! Exactly 10 days, as I returned to Moscow from Fanya. Only yesterday I learned the address of German and wrote him a letter. I also informed him of the information you need. In addition, I learned the address of Slava and today I will write a letter to it.
At me all on an old. I'm here, and Fanya has two children there. Shika and his family are in the Saratov region. Please, kindly write a detailed letter in Russian. German's address: Acting Army, field post # 945877 p / s. Address of Slava: Ufa, post office, on demand to Greenberg. All the best. Hello to all of us. Greetings from Fanya.
Iosif
Comments on the letter:
In this postcard, dated September 22, 1941, the address of German Maloratsky is indicated: field mail # 945877 p / s. The only "clue" indicating that the fighter served in the 282 rifle division is the 945 Field Postal Station (p / s) - it was from this address that the letters of the 282 rifle division fighters of the 1st formation came in home, in which German fought. And it was on these letters that the fighters were registered after the war as missing - by the date of the last letter 3 months had been added - so the date of recording the missing person was approximate and did not always correspond to reality. German Markovich Maloratsky was reported missing in October 1941. So the letters of Iosif and possibly Mark Maloratsky (at the end of September) could hardly have reached German Maloratsky.
Archival materials concerning the Kaganovsky family
The oldest archival document, found by Ilya Goldfarb:
Censuses of the Jewish population in the south-western region for the years 1763-1791.
A census of Jews in the Zhitomirsky Volost, Kievsky Province for 1778.
Kagal Brusilovsky houses souls
City Brusilov 50 291
"... With the accuracy of the available information from the Official Tax (tribute), we counted and recorded the number of Jewish population in the parishes of all those who gave us a record, for Christians records are made in the gendarmerie." Karol Rutkovsky and Mihai Tarnoski swear allegiance to the information.
How true is the census of the population of our city, and its parishes, we are well aware of how much we recorded, a certificate of reliability of the information from the synagogue was made and signed: Leib Mendelevich - Rabbi of the city. Mevza Evziloviy - quarterly. Shmuel Leibovich-school-keeper (administrator) ... "(translation from the ancient Polish I.G.)
This Leiba Mendelevich (born around 1720-1730) was probably the first known ancestor of the Kaganovskys, whom we placed on top of the diagram above of Kaganovsky family. The assumption is confirmed by the fact that in the "Revizsky tales of 1834" recorded the family Manya Yosifovich Kaganovsky, which recorded the son of Hertz with the surname Rabinovich (not Kaganovsky).
This could only happen if this was the family of the rabbi of the city. In 1778, that was Leib Mendelevich. Man (Mandel, Mendel), apparently, was named after his great-grandfather.
Kagal Brusilovsky houses souls
City Brusilov 50 291
"... With the accuracy of the available information from the Official Tax (tribute), we counted and recorded the number of Jewish population in the parishes of all those who gave us a record, for Christians records are made in the gendarmerie." Karol Rutkovsky and Mihai Tarnoski swear allegiance to the information.
How true is the census of the population of our city, and its parishes, we are well aware of how much we recorded, a certificate of reliability of the information from the synagogue was made and signed: Leib Mendelevich - Rabbi of the city. Mevza Evziloviy - quarterly. Shmuel Leibovich-school-keeper (administrator) ... "(translation from the ancient Polish I.G.)
This Leiba Mendelevich (born around 1720-1730) was probably the first known ancestor of the Kaganovskys, whom we placed on top of the diagram above of Kaganovsky family. The assumption is confirmed by the fact that in the "Revizsky tales of 1834" recorded the family Manya Yosifovich Kaganovsky, which recorded the son of Hertz with the surname Rabinovich (not Kaganovsky).
This could only happen if this was the family of the rabbi of the city. In 1778, that was Leib Mendelevich. Man (Mandel, Mendel), apparently, was named after his great-grandfather.
Explanation of the facts supporting the above diagram of the Kaganovsky genus.
In the "Revizsky tales for 1834" the following entries were found:
Under No. 137 is recorded Moshko Leibovich Kaganovsky,
Under No. 138 Usher Berkovich Rabinovich was recorded with his son Arum and grandson Usher,
Under No. 139 Morduh-Meer Iosifovich Rabinovich with his son Yankel,
Under the number 140 is recorded Mendel Elovich Shkolnik.
In the document "Census of Jews in Zhitomir parish, Kiev province for 1778" is Leiba Mendelevich - rabbi of Brusilov. Mevsha (Moishe) Evseevich - quarterly (tax collector). Shmul Leibovich is a schoolboy (administrator). If we assume that the entire administration of the Jewish community consisted of cogans, who in turn could be relatives, then the appearance of these names (Mendel, Usher, Ovsey, Yos, Mordukh, Avrum, Moshko, Leib) is easy to explain in our diagram.
In the "Revizsky tales for 1834" the following entries were found:
Under No. 137 is recorded Moshko Leibovich Kaganovsky,
Under No. 138 Usher Berkovich Rabinovich was recorded with his son Arum and grandson Usher,
Under No. 139 Morduh-Meer Iosifovich Rabinovich with his son Yankel,
Under the number 140 is recorded Mendel Elovich Shkolnik.
In the document "Census of Jews in Zhitomir parish, Kiev province for 1778" is Leiba Mendelevich - rabbi of Brusilov. Mevsha (Moishe) Evseevich - quarterly (tax collector). Shmul Leibovich is a schoolboy (administrator). If we assume that the entire administration of the Jewish community consisted of cogans, who in turn could be relatives, then the appearance of these names (Mendel, Usher, Ovsey, Yos, Mordukh, Avrum, Moshko, Leib) is easy to explain in our diagram.
Family Kaganovsky in Brusilov (from the archives of V.Kaganovsky)
Brusilov mishpuh Kaganovsky: stand in the last row of the wife of Tsipa and Leib (in the center); sit in the second row in the center: on the right Froim, to the left of David; sit: among the children in the first row is the third from the left, Iosif, the second from the left is Ovsey.
Some conclusions about this photo:
In the photo Leib Kaganovsky holds a violin in his hands. According to the memoirs of Iosif Kaganovsky, his father played violin well and was invited to play at local Jewish weddings in Brusilov. Apparently, he taught the basics of the violin music of his son Iosif Kaganovsky, because being in the Radomysl orphanage, Iosif, who has an excellent ear, was sent to Kiev to a music school. On the way to Kiev, Iosif fled and again became a street child.
It is not excluded that in this photo, in addition to David Kaganovsky, there are two more sons of Froim Kaganovsky - Hershko and Eina (see the above diagram of the Kaganovskys), as well as the brother of Froim, Yankel Kaganovsky (on the left of Leib Kaganovsky).
The photograph in the studio is obviously staged: in addition to Leib Kaganovsky with a violin, a young man on the extreme right, holding a newspaper in his hands (perhaps he is related to the printing house), as well as a young man sitting on the right holding a large book (perhaps, a school student). Despite the poverty in which the Kaganovskys lived (according to the memoirs of Iosif Kaganovsky), all the relatives are dressed very well. As far as we know, in the town of Brusilov there were no facilities for renting fake and other clothes. Perhaps Kaganovsky in Brusilov were well-off. According to the children's memories of Iosif Kaganovsky, his family was extremely poor; this obviously refers to two years after the revolution until 1919, when the Bolshevik expropriation of the wealthy people of Brusilov occurred.
Of the nine sons of Leiba and Tsipa in the picture, you can find a maximum of six.
Some conclusions about this photo:
In the photo Leib Kaganovsky holds a violin in his hands. According to the memoirs of Iosif Kaganovsky, his father played violin well and was invited to play at local Jewish weddings in Brusilov. Apparently, he taught the basics of the violin music of his son Iosif Kaganovsky, because being in the Radomysl orphanage, Iosif, who has an excellent ear, was sent to Kiev to a music school. On the way to Kiev, Iosif fled and again became a street child.
It is not excluded that in this photo, in addition to David Kaganovsky, there are two more sons of Froim Kaganovsky - Hershko and Eina (see the above diagram of the Kaganovskys), as well as the brother of Froim, Yankel Kaganovsky (on the left of Leib Kaganovsky).
The photograph in the studio is obviously staged: in addition to Leib Kaganovsky with a violin, a young man on the extreme right, holding a newspaper in his hands (perhaps he is related to the printing house), as well as a young man sitting on the right holding a large book (perhaps, a school student). Despite the poverty in which the Kaganovskys lived (according to the memoirs of Iosif Kaganovsky), all the relatives are dressed very well. As far as we know, in the town of Brusilov there were no facilities for renting fake and other clothes. Perhaps Kaganovsky in Brusilov were well-off. According to the children's memories of Iosif Kaganovsky, his family was extremely poor; this obviously refers to two years after the revolution until 1919, when the Bolshevik expropriation of the wealthy people of Brusilov occurred.
Of the nine sons of Leiba and Tsipa in the picture, you can find a maximum of six.
In the photo of Kaganovsky, one of the women standing in the last row of the third from the left (separately shown below) has an external resemblance to Svetlana Kaganovskaya (photo below on the right). This indicates that this woman may have been the sister of Leiba Kaganovsky (grandfather of Sveta); thus, Sveta inherited the appearance of the Kaganovsky, while her brother Vladimir Kaganovsky, no doubt, is similar to the ancestors of the Maloratsky/Kagansky family.
"Revizsky tales of merchants and philistines Jews of Radomyslsky district for 1834."
Avrum Itsko Leibovich Kaganovsky, age 11 years (born 1823) |
Zeylik Kaganovsky was engaged in tannery in m. Brusilov Radomysl district. Perhaps Leiba Kaganovsky's uncle was Zeylik Kaganovsky (according to information from the source: "All Russia for 1899": http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01005452503#?page=114 Kaganovsky Zeylik, Radomysl region. m. Brusilov leather production) "Revizsky tales of 1834 in the Kiev province of Radomyslsky district, the m. Brusilov"
193 Froim Davidovich Kaganovsky 35 years old (b:1799) has a son of Ovsey, a newborn (b:1834), wife Golda 38 years (b:1796), daughter Yinya 13 years (b:1821)
|
The other Kaganovskys from Brusilov, who did not fall in the above chart, but are more likely to be relatives of our Kaganovskys, appear in the following Revizsky tales found by Oleg Sagalov. Their degree of relationship will be specified in the future.
The Kaganovsky family from Brusilov, in which, at the beginning of the 20th century, There were about 14 thousand inhabitants. In the autumn of 1919 and in the winter of 1919-20, Most of the pogroms in Ukraine were committed by A. Denikin's troops. Kaganovsky, left in Brusilov and Malin, at the beginning of World War II were completely destroyed by the Hitlerites; one of them Mordechai Kaganovsky:
Kiev. Lists of those who voted at the Provincial Duma elections (database)
These lists of voters from the first (1906) and second (1907) Duma elections that appeared in the newspaper Kiev Gubernia Vedomosti in 1906 and 1907 consist of more than 32,000 records from all twelve districts of the Kiev province.
From this list (found by Ilya Goldfarb), it is clear that six voted Kaganovskys resided in Brusilov. Of them may be relatives of our Kaganovsky: Hershko Froimovich (descendant of Froim Kaganovsky), Yankel Ovseevich (ancestor of Ovsey Kaganovsky) and Yankel Iosif Ovseevich (ancestor of Iosif Kaganovsky), because their names or patronymics, and their place of residence coincide with our Kaganovskys.
From the American Census of Jews who came from Ukraine and Russia:
From the American Census of Jews who came from Ukraine and Russia:
According to the diagram above, this certificate was issued in the name of Moshko Kaganovsky, born in 1892, the son of Morduch and Ettya Kaganovsky from Brusilov (Ukraine). His name Moshko, he received in honor of his grandfather in 1820, and also the great-great-grandfather of 1781. Upon his arrival in America, he changed his name (Moshko to Morris) and his surname (Kaganovsky to Carnow). According to the 1930 American census
https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XSPS-Q1B:
Household Role Sex Age Birthplace
__________________________________________________
Morris Carnow Head M 37 Russia
Sadie Carnow Wife F 38 Russia
Sollie Carnow Son M 14 Illinois
Yetta Carnow Daughter F 12 Illinois
Thelma Carnow Daughter F 6 Illinois
Elsie Carnow Mother F 75 Russia
Jewish male names of our ancestors Kaganovsky
Kaganovsky Years of Birth
Aizik 1793, 1804
Avrum ~1750, 1791, 1805
Berko 1819
Boruch ?, ?
Volko ?,
Genach ~1770, 1811
Herz 1800
Hershko 1817, ?
Duvid 1766, ~1870
Eyna ?
Zeilik 1791
Ios (Iosif) ~1740, ?, 1813, 1906
Itsko ~1730, 1819
Leib (Leiba, Leibke) 1720, ~1755, 1801, ?, ~1890
Man ~1740
Mendel ~1690, 1860
Morduch (Max) 1793, 1872
Motel ?
Moshko 1781, 1800, ~1814, ?, 1820, 1892
Nis 1804
Nuchim 1830
Ovsey 1802, 1905
Usher ~1740
Srul 1789
Фроим 1781, 1840
Shaya 1818
Eina 1775
Yankel 1781, ?, 1788, ?, ?
As follows from this list:
- most often in the Kaganovsky family there were names of Leib (4) and Moshko (5);
- research period: 1690-1906;
- the oldest name: Mendel b:1690;
- there are 28 names in the list, of which 13 names are found once, 15 names passed by inheritance, as was customary among Jews.
10. Connection of the 6th and 7th generations
In Part 2 of this Chapter, the next generations of Maloratsky, who are descended from Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky and Chana Kaganskay, will be represented.
In Part 2 of this Chapter, the next generations of Maloratsky, who are descended from Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky and Chana Kaganskay, will be represented.
CHANA KAGANSKAYA (MALORATSKAYA) and MORDECHAI MALORATSKY
The diagram below illustrates the results of the study of various branches of our genus and the relationship with the family of Maloratsky and their relatives, which are presented in the next Part 2 of this Chapter 1:
Translation:
GENERATIONS
KAGANOVSKY
1 Mendel
1690 - ?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 KAGANSKY MALORATSKY Leib
1720 - ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Yankel Abram Usher
SAGALOV 1720 - ? ? - ? 1760 - ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Leib Eilo Shlomo Duvid
1730 - ? 1740 - ? ? - ? 1766 - ?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Haskel Avrum Mordechai Froim
1757 - 1810 ? - ? 1757 - ? 1781 - ? ZAKON
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Ios Isai Chaim Ovsey Shlomo
1749 - 1850 1796 - ? 1790 - 1833 1802 - ? ? - ?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 Ovsey Moshko Mordechai Froim Itschak
1819 - 1948 1820 - ? 1822 - ? 1840 - ? ? -?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRINBERG
8 Morduch Afroim Izrail Chaim Duvid Idel
1833 -1947 ? - ? 1843 - 1923 1847 - ? 1870 - ? ? - ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Iosif Isaak Chana Mark Leib Itschak
1867 - 1943 ? - 1962 1874 - 1936 ? - 1942 ? - 1919 1864 - 1937
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Moisei Rachil Markus Sofia Abram Klara Slava German Iosif Fanya Manya Miron Betya Semion
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
GENERATIONS
KAGANOVSKY
1 Mendel
1690 - ?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 KAGANSKY MALORATSKY Leib
1720 - ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Yankel Abram Usher
SAGALOV 1720 - ? ? - ? 1760 - ?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Leib Eilo Shlomo Duvid
1730 - ? 1740 - ? ? - ? 1766 - ?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Haskel Avrum Mordechai Froim
1757 - 1810 ? - ? 1757 - ? 1781 - ? ZAKON
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Ios Isai Chaim Ovsey Shlomo
1749 - 1850 1796 - ? 1790 - 1833 1802 - ? ? - ?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 Ovsey Moshko Mordechai Froim Itschak
1819 - 1948 1820 - ? 1822 - ? 1840 - ? ? -?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRINBERG
8 Morduch Afroim Izrail Chaim Duvid Idel
1833 -1947 ? - ? 1843 - 1923 1847 - ? 1870 - ? ? - ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Iosif Isaak Chana Mark Leib Itschak
1867 - 1943 ? - 1962 1874 - 1936 ? - 1942 ? - 1919 1864 - 1937
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Moisei Rachil Markus Sofia Abram Klara Slava German Iosif Fanya Manya Miron Betya Semion
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CHILDREN of CHANA and MORDECHAI MALORATSKY
Rachil MALORATSKAYA b:1895
Sofya MALORATSKAYA b:1897
Clara MALORATSKAYA b:1899
Wolf MALORATSKY b:1901
Manya MALORATSKAYA b:1903
Lusya MALORATSKAYA b: 1907
German MALORATSKY b:1910
Fanya MALORATSKAYA b:1912
Betya MALORATSKAYA b:1914
Their husbands and wives:
Moisei RADOMISLSKY b:1897
Mark SAGALOV b:1892
Abram SAGALOV b: 1898
Miron ZAKON b:1902
Slava MALORATSKAYA (Grinberg) b:1916
Iosif KAGANOVSKY b:1906
Semion GERCENBERG b:1915
Their grandchildren and granddaughters:
Faina Miroshnik (Radomislskaya) (daughter of Rachil Maloratskaya) b:1924
Bova Sagalov (son of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1921
Fanya Sagalova (daughter of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1923
Ella Sagalova (daughter of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1926
Slava (Изяслав) Sagalov (son of Klara Maloratskaya) b:1925
Efim Zakon (son of Manya Maloratskaya) b:1927
Leo Maloratsky (son of German Maloratsky) b:1939
Vladimir Kaganovsky (son of Fanya Maloratskaya) b:1936
Svetlana Kaganovskaya (daughter of Fanya Maloratskaya) b:1939
Mark Gercenberg (son of Betya Maloratskaya) b:1946
Rachil MALORATSKAYA b:1895
Sofya MALORATSKAYA b:1897
Clara MALORATSKAYA b:1899
Wolf MALORATSKY b:1901
Manya MALORATSKAYA b:1903
Lusya MALORATSKAYA b: 1907
German MALORATSKY b:1910
Fanya MALORATSKAYA b:1912
Betya MALORATSKAYA b:1914
Their husbands and wives:
Moisei RADOMISLSKY b:1897
Mark SAGALOV b:1892
Abram SAGALOV b: 1898
Miron ZAKON b:1902
Slava MALORATSKAYA (Grinberg) b:1916
Iosif KAGANOVSKY b:1906
Semion GERCENBERG b:1915
Their grandchildren and granddaughters:
Faina Miroshnik (Radomislskaya) (daughter of Rachil Maloratskaya) b:1924
Bova Sagalov (son of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1921
Fanya Sagalova (daughter of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1923
Ella Sagalova (daughter of Sofya Maloratskaya) b:1926
Slava (Изяслав) Sagalov (son of Klara Maloratskaya) b:1925
Efim Zakon (son of Manya Maloratskaya) b:1927
Leo Maloratsky (son of German Maloratsky) b:1939
Vladimir Kaganovsky (son of Fanya Maloratskaya) b:1936
Svetlana Kaganovskaya (daughter of Fanya Maloratskaya) b:1939
Mark Gercenberg (son of Betya Maloratskaya) b:1946
Mordechai (Mark) (6th generation) received his name in honor of his grandfather (b: 1822), 4th generation, see the above-mentioned genus Maloratsky (1731-1941)
Children of Chana and Mordechai MALORATSKY (from left to right):
Fanya MALORATSKAYA (11 years old), Bova SAGALOV (2 years old) (son of Sofya MALORATSKAYA ), German MALORATSKY (13 years old), Betya MALORATSKAYA (9 years old)
Fanya MALORATSKAYA (11 years old), Bova SAGALOV (2 years old) (son of Sofya MALORATSKAYA ), German MALORATSKY (13 years old), Betya MALORATSKAYA (9 years old)
1923
After the death of Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) in 1935 Mordechai Maloratsky married her sister Brocha Kaganskaya (as was customary in Jewish custom). In 1941, when the war began, Mordechai Maloratsky and his family were evacuated to Tashkent. His second wife Brocha Kaganskaya remained in Kiev and, like all the Jews of the city, was shot in Baby Yar *). Among the executed were our relatives Kaganskaya (see above).
*) Babi Yar is a tract in the northwestern part of Kiev. Babi Yar has gained worldwide fame as a place of mass executions of civilians, mainly Jews, Gypsies, Karaites of Kiev, and Soviet prisoners of war carried out by German occupation forces and Ukrainian collaborators in 1941. A total of more than one hundred thousand people were shot. According to the scientists of Ukraine, in Babi Yar, the number of Jews shot was 150 thousand (residents of Kiev, as well as other Ukrainian cities, and this number does not include children under the age of 3 who were also killed, but did not count).
NATIVE SISTERS MALORATSKY (7th generation)
Klara Betya Sofya Fanya Rachil
1952, August, Kiev
German MALORATSKY
b: 1910, Radomysl, Ukraine
d: 1941, Bryansk front
b: 1910, Radomysl, Ukraine
d: 1941, Bryansk front
The diagram below shows the relationship between the 6th generation and the 7th generation, which is presented in the next part of this Chapter.
APPENDIX 1 Professional activities of our ancestors. Historical background (18th century - early 20th century)
1. Shinkari, korchmari, restaurateurs, innkeepers
2. Farmers
3. Merchants
4. Fabricants
5. Craftsmen
6. Workers
7. Accountants
8. Engineers
9. Physician assistants, doctors
In November 1851, the entire Jewish population was divided into five categories: merchants, farmers, artisans, sedentary and non-sedentated petty bourgeois (settled Jews were Jews who owned real estate or engaged in "philistine bargaining"). Most of the Jewish population fell into the category of non-sedentary townspeople, for whom a reinforced recruitment kit was introduced. Legislative restrictions led to the fact that Jews in Russia could be either traders or merchants, or artisans, or shinkares.
1. Shinkari, korchmari, restaurateurs, innkeepers
Definitions and differences:
Shinok. Shinok is a small drinking establishment where strong drinks, kvass, beer, honey were sold. Shinkarstvo - 1) the contents of the tavern as a kind of occupation; 2) manufacture of alcoholic beverages, storage and trade thereof. A small liquor dealer - a shinkar could rent a village tavern or turn or turn his house into it. According to the Talmud, Jews were forbidden to serve the Gentiles, so the staff of the tire was fenced off from visitors by a counter, that is, by a stand, behind which modern bartenders also work! Based on the same commandments of the Talmud, the "waiters" did not serve in the hands of mugs with "swill", and put them on the counter.
Korchma. In taverns, usually in the countryside, except for the sale of booze, the lodging was offered. The Jewish tenant of the village tavern was not only a barmaid, but also a local merchant. He bought agricultural products from the peasants and supplied them with basic necessities, such as salt, hardware, leather, and sometimes gave peasants and loans. The case was the center of public life, here the people converged for food and drink, for conversations and drinking with songs and music. The tavern, as a result of historical and socio-economic Polish-German influence, degenerated into a shinok in the territory of Malorussia and Ukraine, and in the territories of Muscovy - in a tavern (kabak rus.).
The restaurant. According to our ideas, a Jewish restaurant of the late 19th century was a more secular continuation of the shinok, where Jewish traditions were so strictly not observed. As a rule, restaurants were located in larger settlements. Thus, the evolution of the Jewish drinking establishments looked like: korchma - shinok - restaurant. The very same name is a "restaurant" of purely French origin *).
*) The concept of "restaurant" has existed for a long time. In 1765 he was introduced to the French culinary specialist Boulanger. He included in the menu a soup, which he called restorantes (firming, restoring), broth, cutlets, wolves, omelettes. On the sign of his institution Boulanger wrote: "Come to me all who have a broken stomach. I will restore it! "Boulanger's wit was to the taste of visitors as well as his cooking. The words "restorant" and "restorantes" came into wide use and gradually, as a result of a kind of evolution, as it often happens, they transformed into concept "restaurant". And eventually migrated to the Russian Empire, crowding all sorts of tr aktirs, charchevni, shinki (rus.). Thus, Boulanger became "the father of a modern restaurant"
http://gazeta.zn.ua/SOCIETY/restorator_v_zakone.html
A tavern (traktir, rus.). In the 19th century to the "tavern fishery" were listed many different institutions: hotels, inns, visiting houses, taverns, furnished rooms and farmsteads, given with a table. Restaurants, taverns, restaurants, canteens, confectioneries, coffee houses, snack bars, buffets in theaters, railway stations, steamships and even vegetable and fruit shops, where you could eat something, were counted among the taverns "without recoil in hiring rooms". In Poland, at the beginning of the 19th century, Jews rented about 85 percent of all registered taverns. Purim reminds us that the Jews did not have a habit of getting drunk for fun - and therefore the Polish nobility liked the fact that they kept taverns.
In Poland, up to 18-19 centuries the main profession of Jews was considered to be tenantry and the maintenance of shinoks. Leaseholding was characteristic of the economic life of Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement whereby a nobleman, for a fee, was inferior to a tenant for a certain period of time an estate or part of an estate. There was a certain type of small tenant who were satisfied with the contents of the inn or korchma, usually in the countryside.
"The rural employment of Jews was limited to renting in the mills, distilling, korchmas and shinoks. Not almost sat down, where there was no Jewish tenant, their employment by tenantry was so widespread that the censuses confuse the understanding of the tenant with the understanding of the Jew and before that bind profession with nationality and religion, that, in fact: in the village of a Jew, they say: in the village of a tenant. "
http://www.pseudology.org/History/ArchiveYZRussii/5_02a.pdf
The landowners and Cossack petty officers were interested in the presence of the Jews in Malorussia, primarily because they were simply lazy to conduct business in their taverns and shinoks The Jews could not own immovable property, and therefore willingly agreed to become some kind of hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. So, the Ukrainian landlords hired Jews to conduct distillation and trade in wine. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore all the time they were in debt with their landlords. Such conduct of the case was extremely beneficial to the noble Malorussia: doing nothing, they received profit from the shinkaras, and they also paid them a rent for the use of tins and enterprises. The Jewish tenants themselves were completely exposed to the arbitrariness of the landowner.
Our ancestors:
Shloma Abramovich (b:1730) is the owner of an inn in Ostrog.
Mordechai Shlomovich (b:1757) and his son Moshko 15 years (b:1780) rent a korchma in the village of Malaya Racha.
In 1804, the document "The Norm on the Eviction of Jews from the Countryside" was published. The decree of October 19, 1807 contained a relatively detailed plan of measures for the expulsion of Jews from villages and villages. In connection with this, the Third Jewish Committee * recommended that the persecuting and evicting of the Jewish shinkarers and the rural tenants be stopped, and instead find a way to make them less profitable for the wine trade, so that they themselves would like to go to the city.
December 2, 1827, decrees were published on the eviction of the Jews from the countryside in the Grodno province and from Kiev for two years (for various reasons, the execution of the second decree was postponed until February 1835). Thus, shinkar business Mordechai Shlomovich, and after his death (in 1815) the business of his son Moshko existed approximately from 1775 to 1827-1835.
Our ancestors:
Abram Saghalov (1826-?) - the owner of a tavern in Radomysl.
Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov (1833-?) - owner of a tavern in Radomysl.
2. Farmers
Rent of Jews land:
In Poland in the 18-19 centuries tenantry was based on an agreement by which a nobleman for a certain fee inferior to the tenant for a certain period of the estate or part of the estate.
In 1927 there were 48 new settlements in Ukraine with a population of about 35 thousand people occupying 100 thousand hectares of land. Rapidly growing old Jewish colonies in Crimea, by 1928, 88 new villages were established by Jewish settlers, with an average of 45 households. Only in the autumn of this year 68 thousand hectares of virgin land (celina) in the steppe part of the Crimea were raised.
In the early 20 century, in Ukraine, 3 Jewish national districts were established - Kaliningrad, Stalindorf and Novozlatopolsky, in the Crimea (RSFSR) - Fridorfsky and Larindorfsky.
The resettlement of Jews from the towns to new settlements and their involvement in agricultural work made it possible to break out of poverty and hunger. Through the resettlement in the area of the old colonies, a compact mass of Jewish peasants was created. In 1924, 686 Jews and 70 Germans lived in Novozlatopol. In 1929, of the 12,148 inhabitants of the district, 8,349 were Jews (68%). Novozlatopolsky district was the area that hosted the settlers.
Our ancestors:
Naftula Kagansky is a peasant from Novozlatopolsky district.
Manya and Miron Zakon are peasants of Novozlatopolsky district.
Ajzik Zakon (Efim Zakon's grand-father) with wife Sheindl and son Idel - peasants of Novozlatopolsky district (before Ajzik was forest ranger in Kiev guberniya).
Srul Kagansky (1883-1942) - a peasant of the Novozlatopolsky district.
3. Merchants
Jews in Poland on the eve of the changes of the 19th and 20th centuries. Engaged mainly in small-scale trade. Trade activities have traditionally been considered a kind of professional specialization of Eastern European Jews. Jewish boys after completing their studies in heder, chose one of two "states" - "devote themselves to trade or a scientist in the field." Of course, this view of Jewish studies is not true due to among Jews extreme simplification, since there were many artisans, hired workers, etc.
Modern researchers also agree that during the period under review it was petty trade that was the main occupation of the majority of Russian Jews; moreover, in the Jewish environment there was a certain number of rich merchants who conducted extensive commercial activities.
http://www.dslib.net/teoria-prava/pravovoe-polozhenie-evreev-v-rossijskoj-imperii-v-konce.html
According to the census of 1897, trade accounted for 38.65% of the self-employed Jewish population, and Jews accounted for 72.8% of all employed in trade.
In 1810, the Jews owned most of the shops, shops and prom. industrial enterprises in Radomysl. In Radomysl in 1845, there were 94 merchants among the Jews. Jews traded wood and wool.
In 1910, the Jews owned a large number of shops and industrial enterprises. There were 161 Jewish artisans out of a total of 198.
Our ancestors:
Chaim Mordechovich Maloratsky was engaged in trade in grocery goods.
Avrum Mordechovich Maloratsky was engaged in trade in petty goods.
Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky (b: 1840) (engaged in the trade of manufactory goods in the city of Radomysl.
Chava Berkovna Kaganskaya was engaged in the sale of groceries in Radomysl.
Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-1923) was engaged in the trade of groceries in Radomysl.
Iosif Mordechovich Sagalov was engaged in the sale of haberdashery goods in Radomysl.
Khatsk (Khaskel) Sagalov is the owner of a haberdashery shop in Semipolki, near Kiev.
Naftula Kagansky - trade in leather in Radomysl.
Isaak Afroimovich Grinberg company for the trade of vegetables and fruits in Zaporozhye (see Chapter 1, Part 3 of the Pedigree)
Our ancestors -мerchants are:
Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov (1789 - after 1850) - merchant of the 2nd guild,
Ovsey Sagalov (after 1811-1848) is a merchant of the 2nd guild, his wife Chaya Yankelevna (1820-?), a merchant,
Hershka Meerovich Sagalov (1832-1908) - merchant of the 2nd Guild in St. Petersburg,
Aron Leibovich Sagalov - merchant of the 2nd Guild in St. Petersburg,
Yankel Volkovich Kagansky (1849-?) Radomysl, M. Chernobylskaya street, merchant,
Mikhel Moshkovich Kagansky (~ 1840-?), Radomysl, merchant.
In 1801 there were six merchants among the Jews of Radomysl. In 1845 in Radomysl there were 94 merchants among the Jews. In Radomysl, there were 5 annual fairs (May 9 and 15, August 6, September 14 and December 6), where the main subject of trade is leather, wool, forest products, etc.
4. Fabricants and directors
In 1900 in Radomysl Jews owned 2 printing houses. Owners of city printing houses were A.Mazhbits and E.Zaezdny.
Our ancestors:
In 1845 there were four tanneries in Radomysl. Among these four leather factories were those on which our ancestors worked: Mordechai (Mark) and Rachil Maloratsky, Moisei, Meer, Yakov, Chaya Kagansky.
Our relative Moisei (Moshko) Izrailevich Kagansky (1880-1947) was the owner of a tannery in Radomysl. Morduch, Haskel and Hershka Sagalov owned in Radomysl a tannery with the release of 1,200 pairs.
Zeylik Kagansky owned a tannery in Brusilov.
Ovsey Leibovich Kaganovsky (1905-1944) deputy director of the artificial fiber factory.
One of the reasons for the emergence of tannery in Radomysl: the main component for the skin was an oak bark, which in the county was enough. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In the Radomysl grew relic oaks. The age of the legendary oaks is 500 years, height 35 meters, in the girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. This is connected with the name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the "Thick Forest" ("Tolsty Les").
5. Artisans
Occupation of craft among the Jews of Poland has acquired such proportions as there were in any other country in Europe. In the late 18 century, in Poland there were many Jewish artisans - tailors, shoemakers, furriers, jewelers, carpenters, masons, tanners, blacksmiths. Many Jewish craft organizations were established; almost all the towns had Jewish shops. A common phenomenon in Poland was the traveling аrtisans-Jews.
The 19th century was the century of the emergence of a new class among the Jews of Russia - the class of artisans. There were several prerequisites for this. First: throughout the history of the Jewish people, the craft (the acquisition of craft and devotion to it) had not only financial but also religious meaning. Talmudic literature indicates that occupation by craft restrains a person from the temptation to take away his neighbor's property. In addition, it protects from all those vices that appear in a person due to idleness. The approach to various professions was also religious. The second and objectively the main reason for the conversion of Jews to craft production, of course, is legislative: if earlier Jews engaged in handicrafts solely as an additional earnings for shishar, now the laws prohibit them from leasing drinking establishments. There is a problem of finding new ways of extracting food. Many Jews already have experience in various crafts and now, against the backdrop of a general economic bloom in the country, they are joining the ranks of small producers. To encourage Jews to undergo such re-qualification, the authorities give future artisans the right to live in cities outside the Pale of Settlement (though, limited time). There is a redistribution of class affiliation of the Jews: if earlier (after the Catherine's estate reform) they referred themselves to the petty bourgeois, now they are striving to join the class of merchants, since the burghers were forbidden to reside in the internal provinces. However, for quite some time Jews can live in the Great Russian provinces exceptionally temporarily, on special passports. By the end of the 19th century, tailors (25.6%), shoemakers (14.4%) and carpenters (6%) prevailed among the Jews. Also, barbers, fabric dyers, bakers and butchers often met.
According to EEI, 93% of all Jewish craftsmen lived within the Pale of Settlement, where they accounted for about 80% of the total number of artisans. By the end of the 19th century, in Russia there was a class of Jewish craftsmen who, together with their families, lived both in the provinces of the Pale of Settlement and in the inner provinces of the empire. By 1897, 43.6% of Jews were small artisans, 14.4% - tailors and seamstresses, 6.6% - carpenters, 3.1% - mechanics, the rest were engaged in trade and other forms of services or did not have certain classes
http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01004464304#?page=1
Tailors (~ 38%)
Especially numerous were Jews, engaged in tailoring (up to 50% or more).
In the old days, some Jews at least partly engaged in tailoring business, in order to avoid the mixture of wool and flax (forbidden Jewish tradition) in the clothes of "shaatnez". The biblical commandment in Judaism prohibits Jews from wearing clothes made from a mixture of wool (having an animal origin) and flax fiber (which is of vegetable origin).
Rabi Yisrael Meir Gakogen (Hafetz Chaim), "A short book of the commandments" http://www.shabat-shalom.info/books/Hafets_Haim/49.htm 181. A commandment forbidding the putting on of clothes of wool and linen: It is said in the Torah: "Do not put on clothes of a mixture of wool and flax" (Devarim 22:11). A mixture of wool and flax is called shaatnez. Clothes made from such a mixture are called keel begadim, in shortened form - kilaim (mixture). The prohibition of the Torah concerns only the wool of sheep and rams. Under the law of the Torah, it is forbidden to connect (in clothing) wool and flax in any way. Putting on himself kilyam at least temporarily or even on a dozen other clothes, without getting any benefit from it as from clothes, and for example, to carry clothes through customs, - violates this prohibition. Covering such a cloth also violates the ban. According to the law of the wise, it is forbidden to sit on bedding or bedspreads made from kilayim. Even when a dozen other tissues are laid over a veil or a piece of cloth made from Kilayim, it is forbidden to sit on the top of them. This commandment must be observed everywhere and always - men and women.
In the middle of the 18th century, there are already whole settlements of tailors and furriers. The first place was occupied by tailors, followed by furriers and haters.
Our ancestors:
Three Sagalov families in Fastov were tailors. It can be assumed that other Sagalovs were associated with a tailoring business.
Yankel Itsko Borukhovich Sagalov (b:1829), tailor in Fastov,
Aron Itskovich Sagalov (b:1817), tailor in Fastov,
Moshko Itskovich Sagalov (b:1829), tailor in Fastov.
Ilya Yankelevich Vinitsky (b:1840) in the settlement of Glukhovo in the Chernigov Gubernia (see Chapter 2, Part 1 of Pedigree).
Leather workers (~ 16%)
After tailors, the second place in the category of Jewish craftsmen belongs to tanneries. http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01004464304#?page=1 This kind of handicraft in Radomysl is especially widespread. One of the reasons for the emergence of tannery in Radomysl: the main component for the skin was an oak bark, which in the county was enough. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. In the Radomysl relic oaks. The age of the legendary oaks is 500 years, height 35 meters, in the girth of 5 meters 50 centimeters. This is connected with the name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the "Tolsty Les" ("Thick Forest").
Our ancestors:
In 1845, there were four tanneries in Radomysl. Among these four leather factories were those on which our ancestors worked: Mordechai (Mark) and Rachil Maloratsky, Moisei, Meer, Yakov Kagansky, Chaya Kaganskaya.
Joiners (~ 10%)
In the late 18 century, Jews master the crafts, which they had hardly ever done before: carpentry, shoe production, watchmaking, blacksmithing
https://books.google.com/books?id=hOcAM4VjRZEC&pg=PA70&lpg=PA70&dq
Our ancestor:
Yankel Mordko Avrumovich Kagansky - carpenters-сingleton in Korostishеv.
Blacksmiths (~ 10%)
Approximately 14% of artisans in each province were engaged in processing metals. This includes blacksmiths, tinsmiths, stove workers, and others. In Zhitomir region, the craftsmanship of local craftsmen can be estimated from the preserved forged fences in the old city cemetery and along the patterned canopies, which to this day adorn the entrances of old houses and serve as a kind of visiting card of the city. http://antikvar.ua/publications/ourtime/695-2016-10-12-12-43-11.html
There are many myths about the Jews, including the myth that there are no metallurgists among them. Do not like, they say, Jews of hard physical work. This raises the desire to tell, for example, about the blacksmith Jews. The name of Cain, the first son of Adam and Hava, etymologically means "smith". Among his descendants was Tuvalkain, who chose a blacksmith's trade. One of the first mentions of blacksmiths is the story of the construction of the Temple of Jerusalem under King Shlomo.
When listing the masters who took part in the construction, the blacksmiths and founders were also named. Among those who built the walls of Jerusalem under Nehemiah were artisans who made doors and gates with locks and bolts. Large-scale construction projects in Jerusalem and Caesarea, carried out by Herod I, required skilled workers of all specialties - among them blacksmiths are mentioned. https://www.liveinternet.ru/users/rinarozen/post218927140/
Our ancestor:
Maloratsky Avrum Mordukhovich (b:1871), according to the "First All-Russian Population Census of 1897" lived in 1897 in Korostishev, and in the village of Zubrovka, Korostishevsky district, Zhitomir region. Rented a room and worked as a blacksmith.
Ink masters (less than 2%)
Our ancestor:
Iosif (Esel) Yakovlevich Vinitsky (1825-1925) ink master; after serving in the army and participating in the Russo-Turkish war, he moved with his family to Kharkov *) (see Chapter 2, Part 2 of Pedigree).
*) After the service, the Jewish soldiers and their descendants were given the right to settle outside the Pale of Settlement.
6. Workers
In Radomysl, Reizel Gorenshtein, the owner of the cloth factory (hasidka), helped the family of the Kagansky (hasidim), arranging to the factory. The salary at the factory was about 40 rubles in week. The workers were provided with state apartments, and for the hasidim children there was a kindergarten. Reizel Gorenstein took care of the Hasidim, they visited her, she fed them and gave them food and helped them to identify their children, marry them, if it's a girl, to marry if that's a guy.
"My grandfather Israel and my grandmother Riva got married in the beginning of 1900. They had a traditional Jewish wedding under a chuppa in the synagogue. The guardian of my great-grandmother, Reizel Gorenstein, paid all the wedding expenses, bought a dress and wedding gifts. She also arranged Israel in her cloth factory. First he worked as an assistant, and then, after some training, became the head of the factory and got an apartment from the Reizel Gorenstein factory ... When grandfather got married and had to get a job, then this mistress Reizel Gorenshtein took him to her cloth factory, I remembered. She took it exactly because they were Hasidim, and respected by such people, and it was necessary to help them, the family was not rich. She took him to her grandfather, then he passed some training, became a spinning-mill, and a few years later she made him manager. In his family, this is already my grandfather, had six children. They got a formal apartment from the factory, but earnings, I remember, I'm not sure exactly, but my grandfather used to say, there were 40 rubles a week. That is, not very much. But they were provided with an apartment. There the garden was, six children. "(from the memoirs of Maya Kaganskaya).
Our ancestors:
The daughters of Chaim Mordukhovich Maloratsky - Tsipa (b:1876) and Chava (b:1881) worked at the Malinskaya paper mill. The Malinskaya paper mill was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. Produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper. The water resources of the river Irsha, - contributed to the foundations of the Malin of paper production.
Morduch Chaimovich Maloratsky (? -1942) worked at the tannery in Radomysl.
Rachil Maloratskaya (his daughter) (1895-1971) worked at a tannery in Radomysl.
Chaya Kaganskaya worked at a tannery in Radomysl.
Meer Izrailevich Kagansky (1870-1919) worked at a tannery in Radomysl.
Yakov Meerovich Kagansky (1903-1985) worked at a tannery in Radomysl.
Yankel Mordko Avrumovich Kagansky - carpenter-сingleton in Korostyshеv.
Leib Duvidovich Kaganovsky (1890-1919) - a bookbinder in Brusilov.
Tsipa Kaganovskaya (Kaganskaya) (? -1919) is an employee of a paper mill in Brusilov.
Iosif Kaganovsky (1906-1991) - worker of the cloth factory in Radomysl.
7. Accountants
The Russian-Jewish intelligentsia of the 20th century, in large part, began to form in the 25-40-ies, when there was an "explosion" in the desire to master the professions. By 1940, more than 80% of young people from Jewish settlements in the Pale of Settlement had been involved in various occupations of mental work. A completely natural question arises: why did nothing of the kind happen in other peoples of the empire, including among the Russians. The answer is incredibly simple and primitive.
Universal illiteracy reigned everywhere. The Jews, on the whole, were literate. The Jewish boys, and later the girls, were taught literacy from childhood, which allowed them to easily learn other languages later. About Kiev courses of accountants at a commercial college and a relatively simple opportunity to acquire a good profession was well known.
Our ancestors:
Perhaps these circumstances have touched Abram Sagalov, Alexander and Faina Goldfarb regarding the choice of the accounting profession. In Lvov after the war, Abram Sagalov worked as chief accountant of the Lvov Polygraphic Institute. Simultaneously, Abram Sagalov inspected the accounts of the Lvov confectionary factory.
8. Engineers
Our ancestors:
Iosif Lvovich Kaganovskiy (1906-1991) - engineer in the Research Institute of Glass.
Savva Iosifovich Vinitsky (1880-1969) - engineer technologist in several areas (textile industry, medical equipment, etc.) (see Chapter 2, Part 1 of Pedigree)
Arkady Savvich Vinitsky (1914-1996) - engineer in radio.
9. Physician assistants, doctors
Since the 18th century, in Poland, and then in Russia a significant number of Jews were engaged in personal service (doctors, paramedics, barbers, etc.).
Our ancestors:
Eva Iosifovna Vinitskaya (1886-1961) (see Chapter 2, Part 1 of the Pedigree)
Iosif Petrovich Chervonsky (1888-1960) (see Chapter 2, Part 3 of the Pedigree)
Yakov Lvovich Veitsel (see Capter1, Part 3 of the Pedigree)
Our ancestors, their business and service in Radomysl
_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________
Surname Name, patronymic Years Place of residence Place of work Service status
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich (? -1942) Kupalnaya st. Leather factory worker
MALORATSKY h. Sukharka
Rachil Mordukhovna (1895-1971) Kupalnaya st. Leather factory secretary
h. Sukharka
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Moisei (Moshko) Srulievich . (1880-1947) Trading Sq. Leather factory director
Near the synagogue) h. Sukharka
Meer Izrailevich (1870-1919) Leather factory factory employee h. Sukharka
KAGANSKY
Yakov Meerovich (1903-1985) Leather factory artisan
h. Sukharka
Chaya Feiga Tevel Leather factory
h. Sukharka
Yos-Leib Leather factory owner
v.Lutovka
Basia Kaganskaya (Vilenskaya) (1902-?) Children's home director
in Radomysl
Chava Berkovna grocers store seller
Yankel Volkovich (1849-?) M. Chernobyl grocery store owner
House Kaganovskogo, apt. 1a merchant
Michel Moshkovich (~ 1840-?) shop of the factory merchant
goods
Naftula tannery bench supplier of leather
Brocha Kaganskaya (Kislik) (? -1945) leather factory
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SAGALOV
Iosif Abramovich Meshchanskaya Administration member of the Mеsh. adm.
Prisutstvennaya Str. Management
in Radomysl
Iosif Morduchovich (1867-1943) Trading Sq. Ladies master's workshop
Rusanivska Str. hats
Mordukh Ovseevich (1833-1897) leather factory owner
Hershka Ovseevich (1835-?) leather factory owner
Chaskel Ovsevich (1843- ?) leather factory owner
Abram Iosifivich (182?) inn owner
Ita Chaimovna (1827 -?) same inn co-owner
Morduch Ovseevich (1833 -?) inn owner
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Iosif Leibovich (1906-1991) forestry spinner
KAGANOVSKY
Yankel Volfovich grocery
Chava Berkovna grocery
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Aizik (1865-1934) forestry forest ranger
ZAKON Kiev reg.
Miron Aizikovich (1902-1985) Factory bended furniture worker v. Chopovich
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 2 The stories of the Maloratsky-Kagansky-Sagalov-Zakon families
History 1
In the late 19th century. Beginning of the 20th century. The families of the three native Maloratsky brothers parted: Chaim, Abraham and Iosif (the 5th generation on the attached diagram), who lived in Malin (Ukraine). Two brothers on the boat went to America. Their way to America lay through Brody and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia to Hamburg and Bremen. From here began a two-week voyage. Then they were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States.
The third brother Chaim remained in Malin and his family was continued. We are the descendants of Chaim Maloratsky, who dispersed to different countries and continents (Ukraine, Russia, USA, Israel, Canada, Germany). In 1989, the family of Leo and Elena Maloratsky found themselves in Boston, USA, where Howard Lewin and his wife Judy Lewin (Boca Raton, FL, USA) found them and contacted them by phone. Judy Levin is a descendant of Abraham Maloratsky (see the green branch of the diagram). Thus, in the eighth generation Maloratsky (descendants of Chaim and Abraham Maloratsky) found each other. Spouses of Levin helped in many respects the reconstruction of our Pedigree.
History 1
In the late 19th century. Beginning of the 20th century. The families of the three native Maloratsky brothers parted: Chaim, Abraham and Iosif (the 5th generation on the attached diagram), who lived in Malin (Ukraine). Two brothers on the boat went to America. Their way to America lay through Brody and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia to Hamburg and Bremen. From here began a two-week voyage. Then they were met by the federal immigration station Ellis Island - the largest gateway to the United States.
The third brother Chaim remained in Malin and his family was continued. We are the descendants of Chaim Maloratsky, who dispersed to different countries and continents (Ukraine, Russia, USA, Israel, Canada, Germany). In 1989, the family of Leo and Elena Maloratsky found themselves in Boston, USA, where Howard Lewin and his wife Judy Lewin (Boca Raton, FL, USA) found them and contacted them by phone. Judy Levin is a descendant of Abraham Maloratsky (see the green branch of the diagram). Thus, in the eighth generation Maloratsky (descendants of Chaim and Abraham Maloratsky) found each other. Spouses of Levin helped in many respects the reconstruction of our Pedigree.
History 2
Another incredible encounter: after four generations (from the 5th to the 8th generation) the descendants of the brothers Chaim and Iosif Maloratsky found each other !!! The descendants of Chaim Maloratsky (blue branch on the diagram) and Iosif Maloratsky (orange branch on the diagram) found each other and met in Kfar Sava (Israel) where their families live (see Chapter 1 Part 2). We must say that the probability of such an event is a fraction of a percent! The same diagram illustrates the above history 1 (blue and green branches).
History 3
In the early 20 century. Moshko Kagansky broke up with his sister Chaya Kaganskaya and left Radomysl to Palestine, where his family then crossed. Three generations later, in 2015, their descendants met in New York with the Maloratsky (the descendants of Chana Kaganskaya) in New York, where the great-grandson of Moshko Kagansky - Amos Elad, arrived from Israel.
History 4
In this diagram, you can see that in the 5th generation in the Radomysl the branches of the Sagalov and the Zakon came together: the couple of Feiga Sagalova and Iosif Zakon.
APPENDIX 3 Migration of our kind, represented in this Pedigree
(graphics by Ilya Goldfarb)
APPENDIX 3 Migration of our kind, represented in this Pedigree
(graphics by Ilya Goldfarb)
Four waves of emigration of Maloratsky and their relatives
APPENDIX 4 The Jewish population of the places of residence of our ancestors
City (village)
Year of Malaya Racha Malin Radomysl Rzhyshev Korostishev Fastov Brusilov ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1765 7 5 117 4 316 381 343
1773 4
1775 28 90 15 411 497
1778 7 34 93 15 433 483
1784 6 64 147 48
1789 4 73 204 561 523
1791 8 (2%) 147 300 615
1797 1424 (80%) ~500 2657
1801 1474 (65%)
1847 1064 (38%) 2734 (56%) 1543 2884
1852 2800 2699
1864 509 1808
1887 3260 3158
1897 2547 (60%) 7502 (69%) 6008(51.7%) 4160 (52.9%) 5595 3575
1900 7399
1910 10450 (69.6%) 12325(70.7%) 1913 41501 (42%)
1919 2311 10000
1923 1192 2825
1926 4637 (36%) 1608 3017 (37.3%) 379 (7.4%)
1934 5300 (47.7%)
1939 366(5%) 2149 171 (3.5%)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The percentage of Jews to the total population is indicated in parentheses
APPENDIX 5 The scattering points of our ancestors in the 18th century - the beginning of the 20th century
The names of our ancestors
________________________________________________________________________________
Countries, cities, vilages Maloratsky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovsky
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Poland / Russia:
Malaya Racha +
Malin + + +
Radomysl + + + +
Fastov + +
Vasilkov +
Skvira (Kiev reg.) +
Zitomir +
Cherkassi (Kiev reg.) +
Zaborie (Kiev reg.) +
Ostrog +
Korostishev +
Rzhyshev +
Lutsk +
Brusilov + +
Lutovka (Radom. district) +
Semipolki (Oster. district)) +
Fridorf + +
Korosten +
Kiev + + + +
Peterburg +
Derbent +
Zaporozhie +
Tashkent +
Ioshkar-Ola +
Mogiliov +
Palestina +
USA + +
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 5 The scattering points of our ancestors in the 18th century - the beginning of the 20th century
The names of our ancestors
________________________________________________________________________________
Countries, cities, vilages Maloratsky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovsky
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Poland / Russia:
Malaya Racha +
Malin + + +
Radomysl + + + +
Fastov + +
Vasilkov +
Skvira (Kiev reg.) +
Zitomir +
Cherkassi (Kiev reg.) +
Zaborie (Kiev reg.) +
Ostrog +
Korostishev +
Rzhyshev +
Lutsk +
Brusilov + +
Lutovka (Radom. district) +
Semipolki (Oster. district)) +
Fridorf + +
Korosten +
Kiev + + + +
Peterburg +
Derbent +
Zaporozhie +
Tashkent +
Ioshkar-Ola +
Mogiliov +
Palestina +
USA + +
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 6 NUMBERS OF OUR ANCESTORS (18-19 cc.)
MALORATSKY KAGANSKY SAGALOV KAGANOVSKY
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Places of residence Malaya Racha/Malin Rzishev/Korostishev Fastov Brusilov
проживания
Number
(tentatively) 7/53 23 15 20
Start of settlement 1760 /1800 1720/1780 1730 1770
(tentatively)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NUMBERS OF OUR FORECASTS OF 1-4 GENERATIONS
Surname Maloratsky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovsky
Places Malaya Racha Malin Rzishev Korostishev Fastov Brusilov
Generations 1-2 3-4 1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2
Years 1760-1800 1800-1860 1720- 1780 1780-1840 1730-1790 1770-1830
Number 10 ~20 ~15 ~25 ~20 ~10
of ancestors
______________________________________________________________________________________________
MALORATSKY KAGANSKY SAGALOV KAGANOVSKY
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Places of residence Malaya Racha/Malin Rzishev/Korostishev Fastov Brusilov
проживания
Number
(tentatively) 7/53 23 15 20
Start of settlement 1760 /1800 1720/1780 1730 1770
(tentatively)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NUMBERS OF OUR FORECASTS OF 1-4 GENERATIONS
Surname Maloratsky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovsky
Places Malaya Racha Malin Rzishev Korostishev Fastov Brusilov
Generations 1-2 3-4 1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2
Years 1760-1800 1800-1860 1720- 1780 1780-1840 1730-1790 1770-1830
Number 10 ~20 ~15 ~25 ~20 ~10
of ancestors
______________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 7 RICAL DATA ON THE MALORATSKY FOR 250 YEARS
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period Place Name Years of life Occupation Events
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In Poland, since the Middle Ages on 18th c., there was a huge Jewish community -
several hundred thousand people.
1700-1792 Poland: Shlomo 173?-? After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malaya Racha remained in Poland
Malaya Mordechai 1757-1818 korchmari аnd was under her authority until 1793. In the second half of the 18th century,
Racha, Genya(wife) 1760-? In Malaya Racha, the Shlomо family settled, who kept a korchma in the village.
m.Zaborie, Moshko 1780-? korchmari Transitions of Jews from one city or village to other places were always free.
Fastov, Sura (wife) 1781-? merchant Property rights of Jews for the first time were also very broad.
Lutsk Chaim 1791-1833 аrtisan They were allowed to acquire not only houses in the cities, but also entire estates.
Shloma 1780-? house owner
Pesya(wife) 1781-? Until 1772 there was practically no Jewish population in Russia. In 1772, аs a result of the first partition of the Commonwealth to Russia, on which
were inhabited by several tens of thousands of Jews.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 12, 1793, Russia and Prussia signed the St. Petersburg Convention on the the second section of Rech Pospolita, according to which the Right-Bank Ukraine
and the central part of Byelorussia left for Russia.
Share of Jewish population in the newly annexed lands was very significant, and the number Jews - subjects of the Russian Empire increased 10 times, to half a
million people.
1793-1825 Russia: Avrum 1795-1818 merchants After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Malaya Racha became a part of Russia.
Malaya house owners June 13, 1794 Catherine signed a decree, which listed
Racha, аrtisans territory where Jews were allowed to reside permanently
Malin, Avrum 1810-?) Since January 1, 1808 "none of the Jews in any village or village
Zaborie, Ester Liba(wife) 1812-? can not contain any leases, taverns, taverns and inns. "
Fastov Shmul (son) The new legislation has radically changed the picture of the professional
David-Chaim(son) employment of Jews. In 1797, Malin became the seat of the Radomysl district, The Kiev province. The provision of 1804 established that every Jew had to be is attributed to one
of four states: farmers, manufacturers and Artisans, merchants, philistines.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1825-1856 Malin Itsko 1812-? was recruited in 1931 In the reign of Nicholas I in 1827, a law was promulgated that obliged Jews
Radomysl Mordechai 1822-? merchants to serving the recruitment duty, from which they were previously released.
Ruchlya 1822-? farmers The rules of the recruitment set are directly related to the Maloratsky family.
Chaya Civiya 1833 ? аrtisans
Feiga 1832-?
Ginach 1826-?
According to the new provision, Jews settle in the interior provinces Now it was possible only to merchants of the first guild. In 1844, the Kagals were deprived of administrative authority and their functions are transferred to the city councils and town halls. In the same year Nicholas I forbade Jews to join the civil service.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1856-1881 Malin Abracham 1859-1950 аrtisans With the accession to the throne of Emperor Alexander II in 1856,
Radomysl Rivka(wife) 1859-? merchants the collection of Jewish children in cantonists was stopped.
Chaim 1847-1894 merchants In the rapid economic recovery that began in Russia as a result of reforms
Iosif ?-1894
Alexander II, played a significant role by Jewish entrepreneurs,
Mordechai 1879-? and, in many ways, thanks to their efforts, Ukraine has become one of the
most dynamically developing regions of the empire. Since the 1860s, the cultural isolation weakened.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After the assassination of Alexander II on March 1, 1881,
a wave of pogroms swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms
1881-1917 Malin Avrum 1859-1950 and the extreme poverty in which most of the Jews lived in Russia
immigrated from Mass emigration began, primarily to the United States. Malin to America
on 1917 1905-1910 - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia.
Radomysl Rivka (wife) 1859-? Over these five years, more than half a million Jews have come to the country.
Rashmiel (son) 1894-1972 The number of Jewish immigrants from 1897 to 1914,
Eva (wife) 1897-1954 while the German war did not close the border, it was 938,000, that is 24% of the Jewish population.
Zisel 1889-?
David 1905-?
Mordechai 1879-? immigrated from
Clara (wife) ?-1939 Malin to America
Mery (daughter) 1903-1979 on 1917
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1918-1941 Radomysl Mordechai ?-1942 аrtisan In 1919, a wave of pogroms inspired by Ukraine and Poland took place
Polish and White armies and Cossacks. Suffered more than five hundred
Kiev Chana(wife) 1874-193 (leather production) Jewish settlements and thousands of Jews were killed.
Fridorf Rachil 1895-1971 educator Among the dead was our relative Meer Kagansky brother of
Moscow Sofiya 1897-1974 Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya)
Wolf 1901-1918 . In 1929 in Novozlatopol the collective farm "Avangard" was organized.
(In 1933, there were 118 families). In 1929 Novozlatopolsky Jewish national district in the
Zaporozhye district. was formed.)
Manya 1903-1942 аgriculture Among the new Jewish resettlement settlements there was a colony under the name of Freidorf, where the family of Manya Maloratskaya settled.
Lusia 1907-1940 Joint helped with money issues for the purchase of agricultural products.
German 1910-1941 economist
Fanya 1912-1984
Betya 1914-2001
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period Place Name Years of life Occupation Events
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In Poland, since the Middle Ages on 18th c., there was a huge Jewish community -
several hundred thousand people.
1700-1792 Poland: Shlomo 173?-? After the Andrusov truce in 1667, Malaya Racha remained in Poland
Malaya Mordechai 1757-1818 korchmari аnd was under her authority until 1793. In the second half of the 18th century,
Racha, Genya(wife) 1760-? In Malaya Racha, the Shlomо family settled, who kept a korchma in the village.
m.Zaborie, Moshko 1780-? korchmari Transitions of Jews from one city or village to other places were always free.
Fastov, Sura (wife) 1781-? merchant Property rights of Jews for the first time were also very broad.
Lutsk Chaim 1791-1833 аrtisan They were allowed to acquire not only houses in the cities, but also entire estates.
Shloma 1780-? house owner
Pesya(wife) 1781-? Until 1772 there was practically no Jewish population in Russia. In 1772, аs a result of the first partition of the Commonwealth to Russia, on which
were inhabited by several tens of thousands of Jews.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 12, 1793, Russia and Prussia signed the St. Petersburg Convention on the the second section of Rech Pospolita, according to which the Right-Bank Ukraine
and the central part of Byelorussia left for Russia.
Share of Jewish population in the newly annexed lands was very significant, and the number Jews - subjects of the Russian Empire increased 10 times, to half a
million people.
1793-1825 Russia: Avrum 1795-1818 merchants After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Malaya Racha became a part of Russia.
Malaya house owners June 13, 1794 Catherine signed a decree, which listed
Racha, аrtisans territory where Jews were allowed to reside permanently
Malin, Avrum 1810-?) Since January 1, 1808 "none of the Jews in any village or village
Zaborie, Ester Liba(wife) 1812-? can not contain any leases, taverns, taverns and inns. "
Fastov Shmul (son) The new legislation has radically changed the picture of the professional
David-Chaim(son) employment of Jews. In 1797, Malin became the seat of the Radomysl district, The Kiev province. The provision of 1804 established that every Jew had to be is attributed to one
of four states: farmers, manufacturers and Artisans, merchants, philistines.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1825-1856 Malin Itsko 1812-? was recruited in 1931 In the reign of Nicholas I in 1827, a law was promulgated that obliged Jews
Radomysl Mordechai 1822-? merchants to serving the recruitment duty, from which they were previously released.
Ruchlya 1822-? farmers The rules of the recruitment set are directly related to the Maloratsky family.
Chaya Civiya 1833 ? аrtisans
Feiga 1832-?
Ginach 1826-?
According to the new provision, Jews settle in the interior provinces Now it was possible only to merchants of the first guild. In 1844, the Kagals were deprived of administrative authority and their functions are transferred to the city councils and town halls. In the same year Nicholas I forbade Jews to join the civil service.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1856-1881 Malin Abracham 1859-1950 аrtisans With the accession to the throne of Emperor Alexander II in 1856,
Radomysl Rivka(wife) 1859-? merchants the collection of Jewish children in cantonists was stopped.
Chaim 1847-1894 merchants In the rapid economic recovery that began in Russia as a result of reforms
Iosif ?-1894
Alexander II, played a significant role by Jewish entrepreneurs,
Mordechai 1879-? and, in many ways, thanks to their efforts, Ukraine has become one of the
most dynamically developing regions of the empire. Since the 1860s, the cultural isolation weakened.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After the assassination of Alexander II on March 1, 1881,
a wave of pogroms swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms
1881-1917 Malin Avrum 1859-1950 and the extreme poverty in which most of the Jews lived in Russia
immigrated from Mass emigration began, primarily to the United States. Malin to America
on 1917 1905-1910 - the peak of Jewish emigration to the United States from Russia.
Radomysl Rivka (wife) 1859-? Over these five years, more than half a million Jews have come to the country.
Rashmiel (son) 1894-1972 The number of Jewish immigrants from 1897 to 1914,
Eva (wife) 1897-1954 while the German war did not close the border, it was 938,000, that is 24% of the Jewish population.
Zisel 1889-?
David 1905-?
Mordechai 1879-? immigrated from
Clara (wife) ?-1939 Malin to America
Mery (daughter) 1903-1979 on 1917
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1918-1941 Radomysl Mordechai ?-1942 аrtisan In 1919, a wave of pogroms inspired by Ukraine and Poland took place
Polish and White armies and Cossacks. Suffered more than five hundred
Kiev Chana(wife) 1874-193 (leather production) Jewish settlements and thousands of Jews were killed.
Fridorf Rachil 1895-1971 educator Among the dead was our relative Meer Kagansky brother of
Moscow Sofiya 1897-1974 Chana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya)
Wolf 1901-1918 . In 1929 in Novozlatopol the collective farm "Avangard" was organized.
(In 1933, there were 118 families). In 1929 Novozlatopolsky Jewish national district in the
Zaporozhye district. was formed.)
Manya 1903-1942 аgriculture Among the new Jewish resettlement settlements there was a colony under the name of Freidorf, where the family of Manya Maloratskaya settled.
Lusia 1907-1940 Joint helped with money issues for the purchase of agricultural products.
German 1910-1941 economist
Fanya 1912-1984
Betya 1914-2001
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 8 DETAIL CHRONOLOGY OF 1 - 6 GENERATIONS OF THE GENUS OF MALORATSKY
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Years Events Notes __________________________________________________________________________________________________
1750-1760 In the village of Malaya Racha in the territory of the then Poland settled At that time, the Jews did not
Family of Shloma, who rented a korchma. Family composition: father have names
Shloma, his wife, their son Mordechai (b:1757). According to the cracks (информация получена из
Jews of Zhitomir uezd in 1765 there were Jews here "Revizsky tales of 1795."
7 souls, in 1773-4, in 1778-7, in 1784-6, in 1789-4, in 1791-8. In the "Revizskie tales" and in
"Rabbinical metric
1760-1793 The family of Shlomo grew: the wife of Mordechai-Genya (b:1760), books" of our ancestors
their children Moshko (b:1780), Chaim (b:1791), Pesya (b:1781), wife Mention without a surname).
Moshko - Sura (b:1779), the husband of Pesya-Shloma (b:1780),
Chana (b:1793)
In the Russian Empire
1793-1808 After the second partition of Poland in 1793, Malaya Racha withdrew compulsory hereditary
to Composition of Russia June 13, 1794. Our ancestors became residents family names was introduced
Russia. In the family of Mordechai and Genya in 1795, another son was by relevant article
born Avrum. In 1795 Mordechai and his 15-year-old son Moshko a special "Regulations on the Jews"
continue to rent a korchma in Malaya Racha. approved by the imperial
Ecatherina signed a decree, which listed the territory, by the Decree of December 9, 1804
Where Jews were allowed to permanently reside. Since January 1, 1808
"None of the Jews in any village or village can not contain
No rent, taverns, taverns and inns. " To that the period is the migration
of our ancestors from Malaya Racha to Malin and Radomysl. At the same
time, a compulsory appropriation of surnames to Jews. The name
MALORATSKY came from name of the small village Malaya Racha,
where our ancestors came from. Maloratsky's all over the world are
relatives, because they are descendants. One single Jewish family,
settled in Malaya Racha in those times when the Jews did not yet have
names.
1808 -1825 From Malaya Racha, the ancestors, who acquired the surname
Maloratsky(aya), moved to Malin and Radomysl:
Mordechai (1731-1822), Moshko (b:1780), Chaim (1791-1833), "Revizsky tales of 1816
Pesya (b:1781), Shlomo (b:1781), Sura (b:1779), Chana (b:1793), Radomyslsky Uyezd
Shervil (b:1795), Avrum (1795-1818), Esther Liba (b:1812), Kiev province"
Itsko (b:1818), Mordechai (b:1822), Ruchla (b:1822), Chaya (b:1822).
In 1797, Malin became the seat of Radomyslsky Uyezd, Kiev province.
1825-1855 The Maloratsky family was replenished: Ginach (b:1826), Avrum (b:1826), "Revizsky tales of 1834
Feiga (b:1832), Haya Tsivia (b:1833), Mordechai (b:1834), and 1850 Kiev gubernia
Itsko (b:1846), Chaim (b:1847), Shevel (b:1842), Shmul (b:1846), Radomysl"
Mordechai (b:1846), Mordechai (? -1942).
1825-1855 The Maloratsky family was replenished: Ginach (b:1826), Avrum (b:1826), "Revizsky tales of 1834
Feiga (b:1832), Haya Tsivia (b:1833), Mordechai (b:1834), and 1850 Kiev
Itsko (b:1846), Chaim (b:1847), Shevel (b:1842), Shmul (b:1846), gubernia, Radomysl "
Mordechai (b:1846), Mordechai (? -1942). In 1825, power in the Russia has moved to to the Emperor Nicholas 1.
One of our ancestors Itsko Maloratsky was recruited In 1827 he was published
in 1831 at the age of 17 years. the law obliging
17-year-old Itsko Maloratsky, as well as all Jews before the Jews to serve as a recruit
18 years old, sent to a battalion of cantonists, whose studies are not duties.
was counted in a 25-year service life.
Ginach Maloratsky, 24 years old (b:1826), accepted the Christian faith
in 1842, which, obviously, was also associated with recruitment.
1856-1881 The Maloratsky family was enlarged: Tsipa (b:1876), Abraham (b:1859), With the introduction to Mordechai (b:1879), Rivka (b:1859), Chаvа (b:1878), Clara, Iosif, the throne of the emperor
Shay, Michel (b:1884). Alexander II in 1856 was discontinued Jewish children in cantonists.
1881-1917 The Maloratsky family was replenished: Rashmiel (b:1894), Eva (b:1896), After the assassination of Alexander II Mary (b: 1903), Zisel (b:1889), Haik (b:1895), Judy (b:1890), March 1, 1881, a wave of pogroms Chava (b:1888), Michel (b:1884), Hersh (b:1885), Rachelle (b:1896), swept through southern Russia. Because of the pogroms and extreme poverty,
Avrum (Abraham) (1859-1950), Rivka (wife) (b:1859), in which the majority lived Rashmiel (son) (1894-1972), Eva (wife) (1897-1954) Jews in Russia began emigration, immigrated from Malin to America in 1917, primarily to the United States. Native brothers Maloratsky - Avrum (Abraham) and Chaim (b:1847)
parted in Malin in 1917. Granddaughter of Avrum - Judy Mallor http://www.ellisisland.org/search/passRecord.asp? (b:1942) and great-grandson of Chaim - Leo Maloratsky (b:1939) met LNM = MALORADZKI
in America after almost 100 years.
Mordechai Maloratsky (Mordche Maloradzki) (b:1879) (son of Iosif Passenger Record: First Name: Maloradzki Ethnisity: Russia, Maloratsky, brother of Abraham and Chaim, therefore Mordechai Hebrew Last Place of Residence: Radomysel Date Iosifovich, Rashmiel Abrahamovich and our grandfather Mark of Arrival: Feb 01 1907 Age of Arrival: 28 y Marital Status:M Chaimovich - cousins) together with his wife Clara and daughter Ship of Travel: Pennsylvania Port of
Mary (b:1903) arrived in America from the Malin in 1907. Departure: Hamburg Manifest Line Number: 0018 Through four generations (from the 5th to the 8th generation) the
descendants of the brothers Chaim and Iosif Maloratsky found each
other and met in Kfar-Sava (Israel), where their families live.
More than 30 Maloratsky migrated to America from Malin, much
more representatives of our family than from other places of residence.
Maloratsky's, who came to America at the beginnin in the 20th
century, various variants of surnames were acquired: Maloratsky,
Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Mallor
In 1893, a marriage took place between Mordechai Maloratsky
and Chana Kaganskaya, from which the common history of the two
clans began Maloratsky-Kagansky.
In 1906 the Maloratskys voted in the Provincial Duma elections: For the suffrage (in the form of personal in the electoral Avrum (Abraham) Morduchovich Maloratsky (b:1859) (cousin congress) in the urban curia required that a person great-grandfather of Leo Maloratsky, who later in 1917 owned immovable property worth not less than immigrated from Malin to America; Avrum had the suffrage of a certain amount.
for voting, because he had real estate valued at in 200 rubles http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/KievDuma.htm
The list of voters also featured:
Maloratsky Shmul - the son of Avrum (b:1810) and Esther Liba (b:1812),
who lived in the village of Zabore Glevatska volost of the Kiev province;
David-Chaim Iosifovich Maloratsky, who lived in Fastov.
The number of voters of Malin in the Kiev Duma in 1907 was not more than
1000 people. Based on the general list, it turned out that more than 50%
of these voters were Jews.
In Radomysl, our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky worked
at the tannery and his daughter Rachil Maloratskaya. "Radomysl, Business directory, 1913" The director of the factory was Chana Kaganskaya's brother - Moisha
Kagansky.
In 1919, in Ukraine and Poland there was a wave of pogroms
inspired by Polish and white armies and Cossacks. Suffered more than five
hundred Jewish settlements and thousands of Jews were killed. Among
killed was our relative Meer Kagansky (brother of Chana Kaganskaya
(Maloratskaya).
After the death of Chana Maloratskaya (Kaganskaya) in 1935 Mordechai
Maloratsky married her sister Brocha Kaganskaya (as it was accepted
according to Jewish custom). In 1941, when the war began, Mordechai
Maloratsky and his family were evacuated to Tashkent. His second wife
Brocha Kaganskaya remained in Kiev and, like all the Jews of the city,
was shot in Babi Yar).
_____________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 9 Family names
Origin of Jewish family names of our kind The Jewish surnames in the overwhelming majority arose very late, in the late 18th century and in the 19th century. Moreover, even in the time of Napoleon in Western Europe, most Jews did not have names. It was Napoleon who issued a special decree obliging all French Jews to choose their own surname. This means that before that, practically the Jews had no names. Our ancestors Shlomo and Mordechai (1731-1822) were born "infamous" and only in the late 18th century, found the name MALORATSKY.
Despite the fact that the bulk of Jews (as well as non-Jews) in Europe did not have surnames, nevertheless, by the 18th century (the beginning of the 19th century), mass appropriation of names for Jews and other citizens began practically in all countries of Europe. This was due to the need for Russia, Austria-Hungary, German principalities and other countries in the general registration of the population for collection of taxes and recruitment service. In Russia, allegedly for 100 rubles an official could give the Jew a "Russian" surname, for 35 rubles - "Polish". In Galicia, the names of Jews appeared in the late 18th century earlier than in other regions. Austrian officials took bribes, the size of which varied depending on the beauty of the family name. Christian anti-Semitic officials appropriated pejorative surnames to spite their future Jewish carriers (some of the materials of Alexander Bader were used): http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Бейдер,_Александр_Борисович
http://www.translarium.info/2015/12/concerning-the-jews.html#axzz4Cjsb2GtG
Mark Twain "Concerning the Jews", 1898: "... the Jews of Austria in some newly populated regions did not have names, and most often they were called by name - Abraham and Moshe and, therefore, the tax collector could not distinguish one from the other and most likely lost his mind because of these difficulties ... Here is an example of the brutal and brutal persecution of your nation in Europe; Jews were forced to either pay for signs with beautiful names, or take disgusting and often indecent names and the Jews who received these odious names were many, because they were too poor to bribe officials to present them with more "euphonious" names. "
In the Russian Empire bound hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special "provisions of the Jews", approved by the Decree of the imperial name of December 9, 1804 Article 32 of the Regulations reads: "In this census, every Jew should have known, or take their hereditary surname, or an epithet which should really be Retentive all acts and records, without any change, with adding to one name given by faith, or at birth, this measure is needed to better their civil device th state, for convenient outpost of their own, and to parse the litigation between them. "
The implementation of this article was supposed to take two years, but in practice this was extremely slow, so the authorities were forced to re-insert the corresponding article in No. 16 in the new Regulation on Jews, issued in 1835: "Every Jew must forever preserve a certain hereditary, or on the basis of the laws adopted the name, without change, with the addition to that given name, given by faith, or at
birth. "
The execution of the articles of these Regulations was entrusted to the Jewish kagal self-government, and after the dissolution of the kagals according to the law of 1844 it was decided that every Jew, head of the family, is declared by what name and surname he was recorded by revision, included in the family and alphabetical lists and should be named in passports and in all sorts of acts .... By a special law adopted in 1850, Jews were forbidden to change their surname even when moving to another religion.
Surnames in -SKY (KAGANOVSKY, KAGANSKY, RADOMYSLSKY), -TSKY (MALORATSKY) came from Poland, or were received from the Polish landowner, the owner of the town. RADOMYSLSKY came from the name of Radomysl in Zhitomir region; the ending
-SKY denotes belonging.
MALORATSKY. The name MALoRAtsky was derived from the name of the small town MALaya RAcha in the Radomysl district of the Zhitomir region. Surnames in English -SKY and TSKY arrived from Poland. Most of the surnames that end in -SKY -TSKY, are formed from geographical names. The ancestors of the family could own land in this locality or live in a village with the same name. For their neighbors, the inhabitants, settlers and natives of the village of Malaya Racha were Maloratsky. The ancestor of the surname on the question of the place of his birth answered: "I am a little boy" (from Malaya Racha). The geographic nickname turned into a hereditary name.
KAGANSKY, KAGANOVSKY. The form of "KAGAN" does not come from the Hebrew "Cohen", but from its Aramaic equivalent "Kagan", hence the accent on the second syllable, and not on the first, as in the name Kogan *), in full accordance with the position of stress in these words, characteristic for the Ashkenazi pronunciation. Cohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman. Cohens or kohans - in Judaism, the Jewish estate of priests from the descendants of Aaron's descendants. The status of the cohen was always passed through the male line, and as a result, he was eventually perceived as the family nickname from which the Jewish name Cohen was formed.
It, in turn, was the initial link for the formation of a number of other Jewish surnames. So from the name Cohen the following names have occurred: Kogan, Kagan, Kahn, Kon, Kaganman, Kaganer, Kaganovich, Koganovich, Kaganov, Koganov, Katz **), Kaplan, Kaganovsky, Kagansky. At the time of the creation of the official surname, the Slavic endings "-ovich", "ov" or "sky" (KAGANSKY, KAGANOVSKY) * could be added to these forms. Russified Jewish surnames began to appear in the middle of the 19th century. Russian correspondence of the Western surnames Kahan, Cohen, Cohn, etc .; kohen is a "priest".
Article from the book of Rav Zamir Cohen "The Coup"
... As you know, when the Jews left Egypt, only one person, Aaron, brother of Moshe, was chosen from the tribe of Levi by the Most High for carrying out the sacred service in the Temple, thus obtaining a special status of a koen. The remaining members of this tribe, including Moshe himself, remained Levites and did not receive the Cohen status. Assigning Aaron as the Great Cohen (high priest), the Creator commanded that the title of koen pass from father to son. And for this reason, until the end of time, only the direct descendants of Aaron from the marriages allowed to the Kohanas performed service in the Temple, blessed the people with the special blessing of the cohens and accepted the holy offerings from the Jews (parts of sacrifices, separation from crops, etc.). A daughter of a cohen, who married not for a cohen, lost her status, and her children could no longer be koen. The reason why cohenism goes only to sons is certainly spiritual nature, as, indeed, all the other commandments of the Torah.
However, it is striking that this fact was reflected in material reality, as it follows from the results of an extensive international project on the study of the genome of cohens, which aroused unusual interest among geneticists. This research was carried out by the Israeli scientific team under the guidance of prof. Karla Skoretsky, Head of the Laboratory of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the Haifa Technion and the Head of the Nephrology Department of the Rambam Hospital in Haifa, with the participation of renowned researchers from the United States and England - Dr. David Goldstein, Dr. Neil Bredman of University College London and others.
A scientific review of the data obtained was published in the journals Discovery in 1997 and Science News in 1998. In the course of the study, which lasted several years in different countries of the world, it was found that all the cohens from completely different communities: English, Tunisian, Russian, Yemen, etc., a certain "genetic mark" in DNA is much more likely to be found than In representatives of any other group of the population, although these communities existed completely independently of each other for hundreds or even thousands of years.
This "genetic mark", on average, is 80% cohen, regardless of the country of origin, while among other Jews it is found in less than 20%, among non-Jews it appears even less often - less than 5%! From a scientific point of view, on the basis of such statistics, it is possible to say with certainty that Jewish koens are relatives from a common ancestor, and this ancestor lived long before the division of the Jewish people into different communities in exile. The most interesting is that this gene, common for the vast majority of cohens, is in the male chromosome Y, and therefore, is transmitted only on the paternal line!
This means that all koenas are not just members of the same genus, but the direct descendants of one ancestor, to which their pedigree on the paternal line goes back.
http://www.liveinternet.ru/users/rinarozen/post404110046/
*) An anecdote of Soviet times about which letters the Jewish names end with:
The person asks the personnel officer:
"Shall I take a man for -man?"
- No.
- And on -ovich?
- No.
- And -ko?
- Let's take it.
- Kogan, come in!
Surname Kogan was the second most common among Jewish surnames in the USSR. In Israel, Cohen's name has more than 2.5% of the Jewish population, and it is the most common.
**) even if the Jewish surname does not resemble the original "cohen", it may have to do with it. For example, the surname Katz (an abbreviation of "kohen-tsedek," that is, "righteous cohen").
SAGALOV. Sagalov's name goes back to the Hebrew priestly rank Sagal, which is translated into Russian as "Levite-helper" (Hebrew "devil levy"). The bearers of this family are considered descendants of the Levites. The Levites, according to the Jewish tradition, were representatives of the tribe of Levi, the third son of Jacob (Israel) from his wife Leah. Levi had three sons: Gerson, Kaaf, and Merari, who were the ancestors of the separate tribes of the Levites, and the daughter of Jehovahud, who became the wife of Amram, the son of Kaaf, and gave birth to Aaron and Moisei. According to legend, Levi died at the age of 137 years, leaving numerous offspring.
On the Levites lay the duties of the priesthood: they guarded the order during worship, led the people at sacrifices, were musicians and sang psalms, and also traditionally taught people the law of the Torah. Segal with variations Chagall, Sagal and the derivatives of SAGALOV, Sagalovich, Shagalov, etc., is an abbreviation for the "Segan Levi", that is, the "Levite aide," in the sense of "the Levite is the helper of the Cohen" ("High Priest's Assistant"). The surname of -OV is received by an ancestor-cantonist, when he served for 25 years in the royal army.
SAGALOV's surname also could have come from the name of Sagal's farm in the Starodubsky district of the Chernigov province of the early 18th century. For example, the fact that in the lists of the Starokubsky RWK, called for the war in 1941, to be a Jew, Sagalov Girsha Eselevich - born in 1922. Says that the Jews continued to live in this place until 1941. Slavic Jewish name Sagalov means "son Sagal", a variant of Segal, this is the Jewish name of a family based on abbreviation. Russian suffixes "ov" and "ovich" mean "son". The abbreviation of the Hebrew "Segan Leviyyah", which means "assistant priest".
According to research by Ilya Goldfarb (www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com), "... there is a possibility that the relatives (srodstvennikov as they were then called) was the name that allowed variation, in this case Sagalov, Segal, Sagal Segal explained by the fact that srodstvenniki may live in different places and in our case, at the time of assigning the names they had in common origin -. they were Levites, who may have been similar, but different names ... is there a connection between our relatives Sagalov from Fastov Kiev province, and W galami from the village Babinovichi Mogilev province? I recently came to the site with a pedigree Marc Chagal.
And what struck me was the names of his relatives. Here is what I noticed: in the family tree of Marc Chagal in the late 19th century. You can find the following names: Josel, David, Haskell, Zus (Zis), Leib, Guirshka, Moshko (Moshe), Yankel, Abram, Aaron, Isak. There is even the name Shagalov. And in the family tree of Sagalovs from Fastov there are practically the same names: Yos, Duvid, Haskel, Zus, Leib, Hershka, Moshko, Yankel, Avrum, Aaron, Itsko. At the same time, it must be emphasized that some of them are rather rare names (Haskel, Zus, etc.). Given the Jewish tradition of calling their children names of ancestors, I concluded that there is a connection between our Sagalovs and the ancestors of Marc Chagall. "
Viennese officials in the late 18th century. Realized that by combining two German roots one can obtain a large number of surnames that had to be appropriated for administrative purposes. The first part was chosen beautifully sounding German words, meaning precious metals, colors, flowers, sky, sun, etc. As the second part were taken topographical terms, words from the plant or art world. As a result, the surnames sounded like typical German:
GOLDFARB: the first part of GOLD is gold, the second part - FARBE - paint.
HERZENBERG: the first part of HERZEN - the heart - the nominative plural of HERZ is the heart, the second part of BERG is the mountain.
ZAKON: the surname is formed not from the Russian word, but from the Hebrew "zakan" (in Ashkenazi pronunciation "zakon"), meaning "beard".
ZALTZMAN: the surname has two variants of origin. In the translation from Yiddish this surname means "a person who is engaged in salt". As a rule, there was either a production or trade of such. At a time when the names were given, this kind of economic activity could only deal with wealthy people, since it was either about renting salt mines, or about buying out a monopoly on the sale of salt in one area or another. Salt was at that time a product of expensive, and the activities associated with it - prestigious. The second option says that Saltzman comes from the form of the Jewish male name Solomon (Shlomo) - Zalman.
"My great-great-grandfather was born Rozin, but when the turn of the Saltzman rich men came to give the boy to the army (cantonists? -to ask no one else ...), they paid poor Rozin, and the boy Rozin enrolled Salzman. Those. In nature I am Rozin. "(M.Shauli is the grandson of Rachil Maloratskaya).
ROZIN-russified Yiddish surname "Rosen" (also formed from the word Rose, in German "rose").
SHAPIRO - Jews often had nicknames: Shapiro - good-looking.
Further modifications of Jewish families in terms of shortening, and sometimes complete change:
In the USA - MALORATSKY - Mallor (about 1913), Malorizke (about 1913), Maloratzky (about 1910, 1912, 1913), Maloratzki (about 1910), Maloretzky (about 1913); Moleraetzki (about 1911), Maloritzke (about 1913), Malorazky (about 1908, 1913);
In Israel - Radomyslsky - Shauli = Saul, i.e. adjective; Saul's son = Ben Shaul (Hebrew) or Bar Shaul (Aramaic) (Saul Salzman is the father of Misha Shauli).
Names of our ancestors:
Naturally, not all Jewish names are of Hebrew origin. When the time of the Babylonian captivity came, local (Babylonian) names appeared: Mordechai (from Marduk, the chief god of the Babylonians).
Our ancestors: Mordechai Maloratsky (1731-1822); Mordechai Maloratsky (b:1822); Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (our grandfather)
(?-1942).
Mordechai - According to some opinions, means "warrior". Mordechai in Tanakh is the prophet and uncle (husband) of Queen Esther, who saved the Jews from destruction at the time of the Persian king Ahasuerus. In the Maloratsky family, almost every generation was an ancestor named Mordechai or having various modifications of Mordechaj, Mordhe, Moshko, Mark, Markus, Max, Motel. Mordko, Mordukh - variants of the name Mordukhai. After the annexation of the territories of Poland to Russia, the Polish-Jewish name Mordukhai was remade by Mark.
Shlomo - Jewish name Shlomo (Solomon in Russian) denotes the world (from the Hebrew shalom) and also the perfection (from the Hebrew Sham). King Shlomo in Jewish history was a great righteous and wisest of all people. He was the son of King David and had the merit of building the Temple. In the Maloratsky family, almost every generation was an ancestor named Shlomo.
Abraham (Abram) is one of the variants of the pronunciation of the Jewish biblical name Abraham, which means "the father is exalted," "the father of many nations." The name Abram is often used as a diminutive appeal to the more complete names Abraham, the Abraham, who are also variants of the name Abraham. Abraham is the ancestor of the Jewish people. Originally he bore the name Abram (Abram), but later God commanded him to take the name Abraham (Abraham). In the Maloratsky family, almost every generation was an ancestor named Abraham.
Chaim: Chaim is "life." For the first time this name appears in the 12th century - that's the name of one of the commentators of the Talmud. There is an opinion that this will be the name of the Mashiach.
Iosif: Iosif (Joseph) is the son of Jacob and Rachel. In literal translation from the Hebrew language, this name means "God multiply."
Chana: In Tanakh, Chana is the mother of the prophet Shmuel, translated as "charm, attraction." This name is associated with the ability to pray with all my heart and pray. Chana in TaNaH prayed to God, asking for the birth of his son; The Almighty hears her prayer and sends her son - the future prophet Shmuel. Chana - (in Hebrew ָּנָּה from the word חֵן mercy, affection ") in English sounds like Ann, in Spanish - Ana, in Russian Anna - Anyuta.
Chava - "Chava" means "living", "living." Hava in the Torah - the first woman, "the mother of all living."
German: the name German is of Germanic origin. It consisted of the words heer (army) and mann (man, man). German names were often called German Jews.
Rachel: "Rachel" means "sheep". Rachel in the Torah - one of the four foremothers, Jacob's wife and mother of Yosef Tomb of Rachel's ancestor is in Bethlehem. According to tradition, Rachel asks the Almighty to have mercy on her sons - the Jewish people, is the "intercessor" of the Jews *).
Sophia: In Hebrew there is a name with the same meaning: Bina. The very name Sonya, although it is not Jewish, is found among European Jews so often that in Israel everyone has long been accustomed to it - but it was Sonya, in extreme cases, Sophie, and not Sophia. Often the name Sonia is equivalent to the Jewish name Sara.
Faina and Bethya: The fashionable names of Fanya and Beth appeared among the Jews in Eastern Europe in the second half of the 19th century, were borrowed from German Jews who took them from the Christians of Germany (Fanny and Betty), who in turn borrowed them from the English (Diminutive of Frances and Elisabeth) somewhere half a century before. In the early 20 century. Both names became extremely popular among Jews in Ukraine, girls who at birth were given Yiddish names of Feig and Bail, growing up to be Faunies and Bethyas.
Clara: Jews who lived in the western provinces of the Russian Empire used Slavic names as an additional name: Chaya became Clara. Khaya - the "living soul" (Heb.)
Bracha: "blessing" ברכה
Volko (Wolf, Vladimir): Volko is a form of the name Wulf. "Wulf" in translation from German and Yiddish means "wolf." The name Wolf in the Jewish tradition is associated with the name of Benjamin (the son of Jacob), who in Tanakh compares with the wolf (for his bravery)
Jews have an ancient custom of calling children names of deceased relatives - father, mother, grandmother, etc. This is based on the precept of the Torah, which states that the names of the dead should not be erased from the memory of the people of Israel. In this regard, there is a constant repetition of a certain set of names (more often - through a generation). Our ancestors from 1731 to 2015 (10 generations):
Shlomo Maloratsky: 1730, 1780, 1822, 1846, 1904;
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky: 1757, 1822, 1846, 1883, 1946, 1973;
Chaim Maloratsky: 1790, 1847;
Abraham Maloratsky: 1859, 1894, 1906, 1910, 1914, 1917;
Avrum Maloratsky: 1795, 1810, 1859, 1871
Sophia Maloratsky: 1897, 1981, 1994
Feiga Kaganskaya (d: 1923): Feiga (Faina) Sagalova (1923-2010), Faina Radomyslskaya (b:1924); Faina Kaganovskaya (Maloratskaya) (1912-1984).
This tradition is especially evident in the generations of Leo Malaratsky's ancestors:
Generation Name / Patronymic Last name Year of birth Year of death
2 Mordechai - 1757 1815
Shlomovich
3 Chaim born witout 1791 1833
Morduchovich Maloratsky
4 Mordechai
Chaimovich Maloratsky 1822
5 Chaim
Morduchovich Maloratsly 1847
6 Morduchai (Mark)
Chaimovich Maloratsky 1942
7 German
Markovich Maloratsky 1910 1942
8 Lev
Germanovich Maloratsky 1939
_____________________________________________________________________
The policy of state anti-Semitism was manifested in the voluntary refusal of Soviet Jews from traditional names of their own, closely related to hereditary surnames. Therefore, Jewish boys and girls have "adapted" or Slavic names. Taiba became Tanya, Mordechai - Mark, Beynysh and Boruch - Boris; Shaya - Sasha; Chaim - Efim; Moisei - Misha; Golda - Galya; Aron - Arkady; Rahmiel - Milya, Solomon, Harry; Srul-Semyon; Hirsch - Gregory; Liya, Yentl - Elena; Osher - Iosif; Izyaslav - Izya, Slava; Haya - Clara; Chava - Eva, Wolf - Vladimir, Feiga - Fanya, Beyla - Betya, Bracha - Anna, Sarah - Sonya, Mordko - Marcus, Rachel - Raisa, Rosa, etc.
There are, of course, nuances related to the sound of Jewish names in the Russian Empire and the USSR. Sholom-Aleikhem in his story "Two anti-Semites" gives a model for the reincarnation of Abram to Petya: Abram-Albert-Berti-Beti-Petya. At that time, it was nonsense and an excuse for sarcasm. Indeed, many Jewish names in tsarist Russia sounded offensive to our ears. So, Mordechai became Mordko, Moisei - Moshko, Israel - Srul, Rachel - Rukhlya, Isaak - Itsko, Joseph - Ios.
We did not change our name and our Rachil Maloratskaya (see Chapter 1, Part 2)
Names of our relatives
Old Jewish Russified
Abraham, Avrum, Abraham .....................Abram
Aron, Arieu ....................................... ... ...Arkady
Baila ........................................................ .Betya
Bova ................................................ .........Vladimir
Borukh, Beynysh .................................... .Boris
Volko, Wolf .................................... ........Vladimir
Abraham, Avrum, Abraham .................. ...Abram
Aron, Arieu ... ... ........................................Arkady
Baila ............................................. ..............Betya
Bova ................................................ ...........Vladimir
Boruch, Beynysh ................................. ..... Boris
Volko, Wolf .............................................. Vladimir
Hirsch, Hersh ......................................... ... Grygoriy
Izyaslav ............................................. ...........Isya, Slava
Itsko ................................................ ... .........Isaac
Yos, Yosel, Yosef ........................................ Yuz, Iosif, Osip
Leib .............................................................. Leo
Liba ................................................. ..............Luba
Leia, Entle .................................................... Elena
Mahlja, Measure ............................................Manya. Maria
Meer ................................................ ...............Myron
Mordechai ..................................................... Mark
Mordko ............................................. ............ Marcus
Moshko, Moses ................................. ............ Misha
Osher, Yosel ................................................... Joseph
Pinchus .......................................................... .Peter
Rivka ................................................. ..............Riva
Itsko ................................................ ............... Isaac
Yos, Yosel, Yosef .......................... .................Yuz, Joseph, Osip
Leib ................................................................. Leo
Liba ................................................. .................Luba
Leia, Entle ....................................................... Elena
Mahlja, Mera ...................................................Manya, Maria
Meer ................................................ .................Myron
Mordechai ........................................................ Mark
Mordko ............................................. .............. Marcus
Moshko, Moisei ................................. .............. Misha
Osher, Yosel ..................................................... Joseph
Pinchus ............................................................ .Peter
Rivka ................................................. ................Riva
Sarah ................................................... .............. Sonia
Saul ................................................... .. ..............Savva
Srul ................................................... .................Semen
Taiba ................................................... .. ...........Tanya
Chaim ................................................... ............ Efim
Chava .................................................................. Eva
Chaya ...................................................... ............Klara
Shaya ...................................................... .............Sasha
Shevel ................................................. .................Saul
Shana ................................................. ..................Sophia
Shlomo ................................................. ................Solomon
Shmuel, Shmul ............................................... ......Samuel
Feiga, Feigel ....................................... ................. Fan
Chana ....................................................................Anna
Esel ................................................. .......................Joseph
Elya ................................................. .......................Ilya
Yankel ................................................. ...................Jacob
The names of our Maloratsky male relatives in the order of their frequency:
Avrum (Abraham, Abram, Abraham) *) (10), Shlomo (Solomon) (6), Mordechai (Mordko, Mark) (6), Chaim (Efim) (3), Moshko (Moisei, Misha) (3), Shevel (Saul) (3), Wolf (Bova, Vladimir) (2), Shmul (Samuel) (2), Iosif (2).
*) The name Avrum, which is a form of the name of the forefather of the Jewish people, was one of the most popular Jewish names at all times
http://www.jewage.org/wiki/ru/Article:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2
Old Jewish Russified
Abraham, Avrum, Abraham .....................Abram
Aron, Arieu ....................................... ... ...Arkady
Baila ........................................................ .Betya
Bova ................................................ .........Vladimir
Borukh, Beynysh .................................... .Boris
Volko, Wolf .................................... ........Vladimir
Abraham, Avrum, Abraham .................. ...Abram
Aron, Arieu ... ... ........................................Arkady
Baila ............................................. ..............Betya
Bova ................................................ ...........Vladimir
Boruch, Beynysh ................................. ..... Boris
Volko, Wolf .............................................. Vladimir
Hirsch, Hersh ......................................... ... Grygoriy
Izyaslav ............................................. ...........Isya, Slava
Itsko ................................................ ... .........Isaac
Yos, Yosel, Yosef ........................................ Yuz, Iosif, Osip
Leib .............................................................. Leo
Liba ................................................. ..............Luba
Leia, Entle .................................................... Elena
Mahlja, Measure ............................................Manya. Maria
Meer ................................................ ...............Myron
Mordechai ..................................................... Mark
Mordko ............................................. ............ Marcus
Moshko, Moses ................................. ............ Misha
Osher, Yosel ................................................... Joseph
Pinchus .......................................................... .Peter
Rivka ................................................. ..............Riva
Itsko ................................................ ............... Isaac
Yos, Yosel, Yosef .......................... .................Yuz, Joseph, Osip
Leib ................................................................. Leo
Liba ................................................. .................Luba
Leia, Entle ....................................................... Elena
Mahlja, Mera ...................................................Manya, Maria
Meer ................................................ .................Myron
Mordechai ........................................................ Mark
Mordko ............................................. .............. Marcus
Moshko, Moisei ................................. .............. Misha
Osher, Yosel ..................................................... Joseph
Pinchus ............................................................ .Peter
Rivka ................................................. ................Riva
Sarah ................................................... .............. Sonia
Saul ................................................... .. ..............Savva
Srul ................................................... .................Semen
Taiba ................................................... .. ...........Tanya
Chaim ................................................... ............ Efim
Chava .................................................................. Eva
Chaya ...................................................... ............Klara
Shaya ...................................................... .............Sasha
Shevel ................................................. .................Saul
Shana ................................................. ..................Sophia
Shlomo ................................................. ................Solomon
Shmuel, Shmul ............................................... ......Samuel
Feiga, Feigel ....................................... ................. Fan
Chana ....................................................................Anna
Esel ................................................. .......................Joseph
Elya ................................................. .......................Ilya
Yankel ................................................. ...................Jacob
The names of our Maloratsky male relatives in the order of their frequency:
Avrum (Abraham, Abram, Abraham) *) (10), Shlomo (Solomon) (6), Mordechai (Mordko, Mark) (6), Chaim (Efim) (3), Moshko (Moisei, Misha) (3), Shevel (Saul) (3), Wolf (Bova, Vladimir) (2), Shmul (Samuel) (2), Iosif (2).
*) The name Avrum, which is a form of the name of the forefather of the Jewish people, was one of the most popular Jewish names at all times
http://www.jewage.org/wiki/ru/Article:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2
Jewish male names of our ancestors
Subject MALORATSKY KAGANSKY SAGALOV KAGANOVSKY
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Found the most Shloma Yankel Shloma Spra Yankel Mendel
ancient name
Year of birth. 1730 1720 1720 1720 1730 1690
Study period 1730-1929 1720-1923 1730-1925 1690-1906
Most often Mordechai (9) Avrum (8) Yankel (9), Hersh (7), Moshko (7) Hershko (9), Yos (11) Leib (4), Moshko (5)
meeting names
Number of different names 28 45 45 28
The number of names,
appearing once 16 28 24 13
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Subject MALORATSKY KAGANSKY SAGALOV KAGANOVSKY
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Found the most Shloma Yankel Shloma Spra Yankel Mendel
ancient name
Year of birth. 1730 1720 1720 1720 1730 1690
Study period 1730-1929 1720-1923 1730-1925 1690-1906
Most often Mordechai (9) Avrum (8) Yankel (9), Hersh (7), Moshko (7) Hershko (9), Yos (11) Leib (4), Moshko (5)
meeting names
Number of different names 28 45 45 28
The number of names,
appearing once 16 28 24 13
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
History and transformation of male names of our kind
Family Years
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
до 1793 1793-1860 1860 1897 1900 - 1925
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maloratsky Shlomo
Mordechai…………………………………Mordko…….Mark……Max (USA)
Motel(USA)
Moshko
Chaim
Abram ……………….. Avrum……… ..Abracham………………..Abe (USA)
Itsko
Ginach
Shmul
Iosef………………….......Joseph(USA)
David
Zus…………………….....Samuel (USA)
Zisel…………………........Sam (USA)
Rashmiel……………….....Harry (USA)
Hershko…….Hersh
Iudko…………………… . Iuda (USA)
Iulius…………………........Jerry (USA)
Michel…......Mishel (USA)
Kalman…………………….Karl (USA)
Wolf
German
Sol
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kagansky Michel
Moshko……………………………Moshka…….Moisei
Yankel
Volko Wolf Vladimir
Srul
Naftula....................................Natan
Meer
Yankel……………………………………………………………………....Yakov
Iorsh…………………..Hershko
Eilo
Itsko
Ios
Leiba
Shmul
Isai
Abram
El………………....Iol
Lemel
Israel
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sagalov Zalman
Boruch
Leib
Meer
Haskel
Moshko
El
Ruvim
Ios…....................................................................Iosif
Avrum……………….Avram………..Abram
Ovsey
Hershka
Aron
Markus
Mordechai……Morduch
Michel
German
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kaganovsky Mendel
Itsko
Avrum
Srul
Mosko
Morduch……….........Max
Ios……………………………………………………………………………......Iosif
Duvid
Usher
Ovsey
Leib
David
Froim
Wolf
Izik
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 10 The occupation of our ancestors before the revolution (1st - 6th generations)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Korchmars Sellers Rabbis Artisans Workers Reapers Merchants
Innkeeers
grocery manufactory tanner blacksmith tailor
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai Shlomovih Chaim Avrum Leiba Mordechai Avrum Aron Tsipa (b:1876) Mordechai Ios
(1757-1818) Maloratsky Maloratsky Kaganovsky Maloratsky Maloratsky Sagalov Chava (b:1881) Kaganovsky Sagalov
Malaya Racha (1847-?) (1859-?) (1720-?) (?-1942) (1871-?) (1857 ?) Maloratskys (1880-1941) (1789-?)
Malin Malin Radomysl Korostishev Fasyov Malin paper factory Malin
Mosko Morduchovich Yankel Michel Моисей Мошко Tsipa Ovsey
(1780-?) Kagansky Kagansky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovskaya Sagalov
Malaya Racha (1849-?) Radomysl (1880-1947) (1863 ?) (?-1919) (1811-1848)
Radomysl Radomysl Fastov Brusilov paper factory
Abram Chava Iosif Zeilik Yankel Gershka
Sagalov Kaganskaya Sagalov Kaganovsky Sagalov Sagalov
(1826-?) Radomysl (1867-1943) Brusilov (1863 ?) (1832-1908)
Radomysl Fastov
Abram Chava Chatsk Gershka Leib Aron
Sagalov Kaganskaya Sagalov Sagalov Kaganovsky Sagalov
(1826-?) Radomysl (1832-1908) bookbinder
Radomysl (?-1919)
Brusilov
Morduch Chaskel Aizik Yankel
Sagalov Sagalov Zakon Kagansky
Radomysl (1865-1934) (1849-?)
Forest ranger, Kiev reg..
Meer Michel
Kagansky Kagansky
(?-1919) (1840-?)
Radomysl
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Korchmars Sellers Rabbis Artisans Workers Reapers Merchants
Innkeeers
grocery manufactory tanner blacksmith tailor
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mordechai Shlomovih Chaim Avrum Leiba Mordechai Avrum Aron Tsipa (b:1876) Mordechai Ios
(1757-1818) Maloratsky Maloratsky Kaganovsky Maloratsky Maloratsky Sagalov Chava (b:1881) Kaganovsky Sagalov
Malaya Racha (1847-?) (1859-?) (1720-?) (?-1942) (1871-?) (1857 ?) Maloratskys (1880-1941) (1789-?)
Malin Malin Radomysl Korostishev Fasyov Malin paper factory Malin
Mosko Morduchovich Yankel Michel Моисей Мошко Tsipa Ovsey
(1780-?) Kagansky Kagansky Kagansky Sagalov Kaganovskaya Sagalov
Malaya Racha (1849-?) Radomysl (1880-1947) (1863 ?) (?-1919) (1811-1848)
Radomysl Radomysl Fastov Brusilov paper factory
Abram Chava Iosif Zeilik Yankel Gershka
Sagalov Kaganskaya Sagalov Kaganovsky Sagalov Sagalov
(1826-?) Radomysl (1867-1943) Brusilov (1863 ?) (1832-1908)
Radomysl Fastov
Abram Chava Chatsk Gershka Leib Aron
Sagalov Kaganskaya Sagalov Sagalov Kaganovsky Sagalov
(1826-?) Radomysl (1832-1908) bookbinder
Radomysl (?-1919)
Brusilov
Morduch Chaskel Aizik Yankel
Sagalov Sagalov Zakon Kagansky
Radomysl (1865-1934) (1849-?)
Forest ranger, Kiev reg..
Meer Michel
Kagansky Kagansky
(?-1919) (1840-?)
Radomysl
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 11 Generations of the ancestors of Leo Maloratsky
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Generation: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name Shlomo Mordechai Chaim Mordechai Chaim Mordechai German Leo
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Year of birth 1730 1757 1790 1822 1847 ? 1910 1939
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Place of birth ? Ostrog (?) Malaya Racha Malaya Racha Malin Malin Radomysl Zaporozye
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Occupation korchmar korchmar grocer аrtisan economist engineer leather prod.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Year of death ? 1815 1833 ? ? 1941 1942
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
place of death ? Malaya Racha Malin Malin Malin Tashkent Bryansk front
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name of wife Chaya Genya Shevel Ruchlya Rusha Frida Chana Slava Elena
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The tree of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, represented in the next 2nd Part of this Chapter 1:
The ancestors who connected different branches of our genus:
The cumulative influence of seven generations of ancestors in the Avestan astrological tradition was called the "genoscope", which differs significantly from the individual horoscope, since it represents a cliche of life situations and events that are surely realized in a person's life, if he does not show his personal individual qualities, and Will simply "go with the flow."
source: http://myheavengate.com/vliyanie-7-mi-pokoleniy-predkov-na-sudbyi-potomkov-genoskop/
Scheme of the Maloratsky family; 7 generations, which are behind each of us, only 256 people:
Other family sites:
www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com (Detailed biography of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky)
www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com (Chronicle of the military events of the partisan A.S. Vinitsky)
www.maloratsky-300years.weebly.com (300 years of the Maloratsky family since 1730)
www.familyrifma.weebly.com (Family praises in choreas and iambs for 100 years)
www.dalia-june.weebly.com (The story of our granddaughter Dalenka)
www.hawaiimm.weebly.com (Journey to Hawaii)
www.tiomamaloratskytango.com (Argentine tango performed by Artem Maloratsky)
www.tangoprinciples.org (Treatise on the principles of tango by Artem Maloratsky)
https://www.instagram.com/artemmaloratskysculpture/?hl=en (Sculptures by Artem Maloratsky)
www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com (Extraordinary family stories)
www.norwegiantrip2018.weebly.com(Norwegian cruise)
www.sofochka-sofulya.weebly.com (In memory of Sofochka Schwartz)
www.maloratskysummingup.weebly.com ("Summing up" Lev Maloratsky)
https://maloratsky-ancestors.weebly.com/ (History of ancestors)
www.predpedia.weebly.com (Brief biographical data of our ancestors)
www.generations-in-verse.weebly.com (Rhyming stories of our family)
www.bridging-generations.weebly.com(Bridges of generations of our Family)
www.remarkable-events.weebly.com (Collection of extraordinary finds and encounters)
www.ancestral-tragedies.weebly.com (Tragedies of ancestors)
https://ourkinthroughhistory.weebly.com/ (200 years of history and seven generations of the same family)
https://50stories7generations.weebly.com/ (50 stories of seven generations of our Family)
www.migrationofourancestors.weebly.com (Migration of our ancestors)
www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com (Detailed biography of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky)
www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com (Chronicle of the military events of the partisan A.S. Vinitsky)
www.maloratsky-300years.weebly.com (300 years of the Maloratsky family since 1730)
www.familyrifma.weebly.com (Family praises in choreas and iambs for 100 years)
www.dalia-june.weebly.com (The story of our granddaughter Dalenka)
www.hawaiimm.weebly.com (Journey to Hawaii)
www.tiomamaloratskytango.com (Argentine tango performed by Artem Maloratsky)
www.tangoprinciples.org (Treatise on the principles of tango by Artem Maloratsky)
https://www.instagram.com/artemmaloratskysculpture/?hl=en (Sculptures by Artem Maloratsky)
www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com (Extraordinary family stories)
www.norwegiantrip2018.weebly.com(Norwegian cruise)
www.sofochka-sofulya.weebly.com (In memory of Sofochka Schwartz)
www.maloratskysummingup.weebly.com ("Summing up" Lev Maloratsky)
https://maloratsky-ancestors.weebly.com/ (History of ancestors)
www.predpedia.weebly.com (Brief biographical data of our ancestors)
www.generations-in-verse.weebly.com (Rhyming stories of our family)
www.bridging-generations.weebly.com(Bridges of generations of our Family)
www.remarkable-events.weebly.com (Collection of extraordinary finds and encounters)
www.ancestral-tragedies.weebly.com (Tragedies of ancestors)
https://ourkinthroughhistory.weebly.com/ (200 years of history and seven generations of the same family)
https://50stories7generations.weebly.com/ (50 stories of seven generations of our Family)
www.migrationofourancestors.weebly.com (Migration of our ancestors)
Know your family tree is not just for history, but to better navigate in the present and in the future, which is a direct reflection and continuation of the past.
Note: To read the next part, go back to the beginning of this text and click the name of the corresponding part at the top of the page.